How pollution is changing the ocean's chemistry | Triona McGrath

117,919 views ใƒป 2017-06-19

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yousun Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
Do you ever think about how important the oceans are in our daily lives?
0
13447
4333
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋งค์ผ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:19
The oceans cover two-thirds of our planet.
1
19650
2746
๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
They provide half the oxygen we breathe.
2
23010
2401
์‚ฐ์†Œ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜์ง€์š”.
00:25
They moderate our climate.
3
25856
1654
๊ธฐํ›„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
And they provide jobs and medicine and food
4
27875
3777
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ, ์•ฝ, ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
including 20 percent of protein to feed the entire world population.
5
32001
4944
์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ์–‘์˜ 20%๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ์–ป์ง€์š”.
00:38
People used to think that the oceans were so vast
6
38151
2516
๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:40
that they wouldn't be affected by human activities.
7
40692
2460
์ธ๊ฐ„ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ฒ˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Well today I'm going to tell you about a serious reality
8
44025
3286
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹น๋ฉดํ•œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
that is changing our oceans called ocean acidification,
9
47336
4632
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:52
or the evil twin of climate change.
10
52183
2365
'ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
00:55
Did you know that the oceans have absorbed 25 percent of all of the carbon dioxide
11
55720
5422
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘์—์„œ 25%๋ฅผ
01:01
that we have emitted to the atmosphere?
12
61167
2243
๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:03
Now this is just another great service provided by the oceans
13
63790
3638
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๊ณ ๋งˆ์šด ์—ญํ•  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ๋ฐ
01:07
since carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases
14
67453
2869
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š”
01:10
that's causing climate change.
15
70347
1756
์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
But as we keep pumping more and more and more
16
73130
4036
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
01:17
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
17
77192
2492
๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
01:19
more is dissolving into the oceans.
18
79850
2453
๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ํก์ˆ˜๋˜์ง€์š”.
01:22
And this is what's changing our ocean chemistry.
19
82623
2920
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
When carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater,
20
87170
2388
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ํก์ˆ˜๋˜๋ฉด
01:29
it undergoes a number of chemical reactions.
21
89583
2238
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
01:32
Now lucky for you,
22
92240
1165
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ
01:33
I don't have time to get into the details of the chemistry for today.
23
93430
3285
ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
But I'll tell you as more carbon dioxide enters the ocean,
24
97208
3324
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ํก์ˆ˜๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก
01:40
the seawater pH goes down.
25
100557
2357
ํ•ด์ˆ˜์˜ PH ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
And this basically means that there is an increase in ocean acidity.
26
103550
3967
๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
01:48
And this whole process is called ocean acidification.
27
108168
4122
์ด ์ „ ๊ณผ์ •์„ 'ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
And it's happening alongside climate change.
28
112724
2726
์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
Scientists have been monitoring ocean acidification for over two decades.
29
116176
4103
ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ 20๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
This figure is an important time series in Hawaii,
30
120818
2673
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜์™€์ด์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
and the top line shows steadily increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide,
31
123516
4895
์ƒ๋‹จ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€
02:08
or CO2 gas, in the atmosphere.
32
128436
2515
๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
And this is directly as a result of human activities.
33
131062
3246
์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€์š”.
02:15
The line underneath shows the increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide
34
135160
4031
๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋…น์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€
02:19
that is dissolved in the surface of the ocean
35
139216
2936
์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
which you can see is increasing at the same rate
36
142398
2959
๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ
02:25
as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since measurements began.
37
145382
3174
๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
02:28
The line on the bottom shows then shows the change in chemistry.
38
148747
3007
ํ•˜๋‹จ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
As more carbon dioxide has entered the ocean,
39
151779
2826
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ๋…น์•„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก
02:34
the seawater pH has gone down,
40
154630
2246
ํ•ด์ˆ˜์˜ pH๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
which basically means there has been an increase in ocean acidity.
41
157371
4047
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€์š”.
02:43
Now in Ireland, scientists are also monitoring ocean acidification --
42
163005
4070
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์™€ ๊ณจ์›จ์ด ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€์˜ ํ•™์ž๋“ค๋„
02:47
scientists at the Marine Institute and NUI Galway.
43
167100
2793
ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
And we, too, are seeing acidification at the same rate
44
170044
4149
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™” ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์—ญ์‹œ
02:54
as these main ocean time-series sites around the world.
45
174218
3007
์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
So it's happening right at our doorstep.
46
177686
2873
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:01
Now I'd like to give you an example of just how we collect our data
47
181390
3158
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:04
to monitor a changing ocean.
48
184573
2253
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Firstly we collect a lot of our samples in the middle of winter.
49
187009
3055
์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ €, ํ•œ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
So as you can imagine, in the North Atlantic
50
190089
2139
๊ฒจ์šธ์˜ ๋ถ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์—์„œ
03:12
we get hit with some seriously stormy conditions --
51
192253
2605
์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ฐฌ ํญํ’์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
03:14
so not for any of you who get a little motion sickness,
52
194969
2633
๋ฑƒ๋ฉ€๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
but we are collecting some very valuable data.
53
197627
2428
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
So we lower this instrument over the side of the ship,
54
200412
2879
์ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
and there are sensors that are mounted on the bottom
55
203316
2436
ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
03:25
that can tell us information about the surrounding water,
56
205777
2673
๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
03:28
such as temperature or dissolved oxygen.
57
208475
2420
๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋…น์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์†Œ์˜ ์–‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด์š”.
03:31
And then we can collect our seawater samples in these large bottles.
58
211270
3815
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ณ‘์— ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
So we start at the bottom, which can be over four kilometers deep
59
215252
3252
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ถ•์—์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„
03:38
just off our continental shelf,
60
218529
1857
4km ๊นŠ์ด์˜ ์‹ฌํ•ด์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
and we take samples at regular intervals right up to the surface.
61
220632
3666
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
We take the seawater back on the deck,
62
224695
2261
๋ฐฐ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
03:47
and then we can either analyze them on the ship
63
227091
2379
๋ฐฐ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:49
or back in the laboratory for the different chemicals parameters.
64
229495
3135
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
But why should we care?
65
232987
1286
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:54
How is ocean acidification going to affect all of us?
66
234471
4444
๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
04:00
Well, here are the worrying facts.
67
240574
2912
์šฐ๋ ค๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
There has already been an increase in ocean acidity of 26 percent
68
244597
5802
์‚ฐ์—…ํ™” ์ด์ „์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋Š” 26% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
since pre-industrial times, which is directly due to human activities.
69
250424
4007
์ฆ‰, ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:15
Unless we can start slowing down our carbon dioxide emissions,
70
255471
4087
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
04:19
we're expecting an increase in ocean acidity of 170 percent
71
259851
5937
21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ด์–‘์˜ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋Š” 170%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
04:26
by the end of this century.
72
266208
2349
์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
I mean this is within our children's lifetime.
73
269533
2333
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
This rate of acidification is 10 times faster
74
273325
5618
์ด ์†๋„๋Š” 5์ฒœ 5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”์˜ ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค
04:38
than any acidification in our oceans for over 55 million years.
75
278968
6421
10๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:45
So our marine life have never, ever experienced
76
285880
4371
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
04:50
such a fast rate of change before.
77
290276
2769
์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
So we literally could not know how they're going to cope.
78
293371
3899
ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €ํฌ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Now there was a natural acidification event millions of years ago,
79
298855
4586
์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š”
05:03
which was much slower than what we're seeing today.
80
303466
2873
์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง„ํ–‰ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋Š๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And this coincided with a mass extinction of many marine species.
81
306600
4841
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
So is that what we're headed for?
82
312711
1587
์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฉธ์ข…์ด ๋˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:15
Well, maybe.
83
315090
1150
์Œ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„์š”.
05:16
Studies are showing some species are actually doing quite well
84
316851
3492
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
but many are showing a negative response.
85
320368
2990
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
One of the big concerns is as ocean acidity increases,
86
324906
4047
ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ผ๋ ค๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
05:29
the concentration of carbonate ions in seawater decrease.
87
329247
4254
๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ํƒ„์‚ฐ์—ผ ์ด์˜จ ๋†๋„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Now these ions are basically the building blocks
88
334310
2911
ํƒ„์‚ฐ์—ผ ์ด์˜จ์€ ๊ฒŒ, ํ™ํ•ฉ, ๊ตด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
05:37
for many marine species to make their shells,
89
337246
2801
๋งŽ์€ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:40
for example crabs or mussels, oysters.
90
340579
4555
๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ง€์š”.
05:45
Another example are corals.
91
345594
1960
๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
They also need these carbonate ions in seawater
92
347752
3181
์‚ฐํ˜ธ ์—ญ์‹œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜์—์„œ ํƒ„์‚ฐ์—ผ ์ด์˜จ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
to make their coral structure in order to build coral reefs.
93
350958
3905
์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ง€์š”.
05:56
As ocean acidity increases
94
356187
2190
ํ•ด์–‘์˜ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:58
and the concentration of carbonate ions decrease,
95
358599
3230
ํƒ„์‚ฐ์—ผ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉด
06:02
these species first find it more difficult to make their shells.
96
362282
4460
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
And at even even lower levels, they can actually begin to dissolve.
97
367051
3809
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋ฉด ๊ป์งˆ์€ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
This here is a pteropod, it's called a sea butterfly.
98
372035
3063
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ต์กฑ๋ฅ˜ (sea butterfly)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
And it's an important food source in the ocean for many species,
99
375336
3174
๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋จน์ด ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ
06:18
from krill to salmon right up to whales.
100
378772
3523
ํฌ๋ฆด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ์–ด์™€ ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
The shell of the pteropod was placed into seawater
101
383208
3514
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ท๋ฌผ์„ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง์ฏค์— ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” pH๋†๋„๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:26
at a pH that we're expecting by the end of this century.
102
386747
3420
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ต์กฑ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
After only 45 days at this very realistic pH,
103
391024
5492
45์ผ ํ›„์—
06:36
you can see the shell has almost completely dissolved.
104
396860
4142
๊ป์งˆ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋…น์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
So ocean acidification could affect right up through the food chain --
105
401375
4134
ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋จน์ด ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
06:45
and right onto our dinner plates.
106
405644
2111
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ํƒ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
I mean who here likes shellfish? Or salmon?
107
408294
3642
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์กฐ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์—ฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
06:52
Or many other fish species
108
412502
1628
ํ˜น์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
06:54
whose food source in the ocean could be affected?
109
414155
2843
์–ด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
06:57
These are cold-water corals.
110
417946
1847
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ํ•ด์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
And did you know we actually have cold-water corals in Irish waters,
111
419932
3533
๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ถ• ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ํ•ด์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
07:03
just off our continental shelf?
112
423490
1847
์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
07:05
And they support rich biodiversity, including some very important fisheries.
113
425843
4119
์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
It's projected that by the end of this century,
114
430676
3087
21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์ „์ฒด์˜
07:14
70 percent of all known cold-water corals in the entire ocean
115
434046
5964
์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ํ•ด์ˆ˜์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์˜ 70%๋Š”
07:20
will be surrounded by seawater that is dissolving their coral structure.
116
440397
4694
ํ•ด์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ€์‹๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
The last example I have are these healthy tropical corals.
117
448670
3658
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด๋Œ€ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:32
They were placed in seawater at a pH we're expecting by the year 2100.
118
452892
4748
2100๋…„ ์ฏค ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” pH ๋†๋„์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ท๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
After six months, the coral has almost completely dissolved.
119
459304
5514
์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋…น์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
Now coral reefs support
120
465990
2365
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ „์ฒด ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ 25%๋Š”
07:48
25 percent of all marine life in the entire ocean.
121
468426
6527
์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
All marine life.
122
475690
1150
๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:57
So you can see: ocean acidification is a global threat.
123
477888
4325
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
I have an eight-month-old baby boy.
124
482858
2122
์ €๋Š” 8๊ฐœ์›” ๋œ ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ์—„๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Unless we start now to slow this down,
125
485800
3857
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:09
I dread to think what our oceans will look like when he's a grown man.
126
489823
4365
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์–ด๋–จ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:15
We will see acidification.
127
495520
1968
์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
08:17
We have already put too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
128
497650
4240
๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์–‘์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
But we can slow this down.
129
502850
2682
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
We can prevent the worst-case scenario.
130
505916
4376
๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
The only way of doing that
131
510570
2184
์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
08:32
is by reducing our carbon dioxide emissions.
132
512833
3304
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
This is important for both you and I, for industry, for governments.
133
516830
4406
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ €, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€, ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
We need to work together, slow down global warming
134
521420
3771
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์™€ ํ•ด์–‘ ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™”์˜
08:45
slow down ocean acidification
135
525320
2381
์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
and help to maintain a healthy ocean and a healthy planet
136
527900
4733
๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
for our generation and for generations to come.
137
532659
3291
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ด์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
(Applause)
138
537144
4503
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7