The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders

1,060,266 views ใƒป 2017-11-24

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Changkyun Ahn ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
A few years ago,
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๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒํ•ด๋„
00:14
I always had this thing happening to me,
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
especially at family gatherings
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค ๋ชจ์ž„์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:19
like teas with aunts and uncles or something like this.
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์ˆ™๋ชจ, ์‚ผ์ดŒ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ
00:22
When people come up to you,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์„œ๋Š”
00:23
and they ask you, "So, what are you doing?"
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„ˆ๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋ญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚ด๋‹ˆ?"
00:27
And I would have this magical one-word reply,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋•Œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฒ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ
00:30
which would make everybody happy:
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๋งˆ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
"Medicine.
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"์˜๋Œ€ ๋‹ค๋…€์š”.
00:34
I'm going to be a doctor."
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"์ €๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”."
00:35
Very easy, that's it, everybody's happy and pleased.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‰ฝ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋์ด์—์š”, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:39
And it could be so easy,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‰ฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
00:41
but this effect really only lasts for 30 seconds with me,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ต์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—” ์˜ค์ง 30์ดˆ ์ •๋„๋งŒ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
because that's then the time when one of them would ask,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ์ฏค๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”,
00:49
"So, in what area of medicine?
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์•ผ ์˜ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋‹ˆ?"
00:51
What specialty do you want to go into?"
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"์–ด๋–ค ์ „๋ฌธ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
00:54
And then I would have to strip down in all honesty and just say,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‹๋„ ์—†์ด ๊ทธ์ € ์ •์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
00:58
"OK, so I'm fascinated with the colon.
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"๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€์žฅ์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:02
It all started with the anus,
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ํ•ญ๋ฌธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
01:03
and now it's basically the whole intestinal tract."
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์ฐฝ์ž ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Ÿฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ."
01:06
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:08
And this would be the moment when the enthusiasm trickled,
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์—ด๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ทธ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ 
01:12
and it would maybe also get, like, awkwardly silent in the room,
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์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์นจ๋ฌต์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
and I would think this was terribly sad,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์Šฌํ”•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
because I do believe our bowels are quite charming.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ฐฝ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:23
And while we're in a time where many people are thinking about
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์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:27
what new superfood smoothie to make
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์–ด๋–ค ์Šˆํผํ‘ธ๋“œ ์Šค๋ฌด๋””๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜น์€
01:29
or if gluten is maybe bad for them,
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๊ธ€๋ฃจํ…์ด ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฑธ๊นŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
01:32
actually, hardly anyone seems to care about the organ where this happens,
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์ •์ž‘ ๊ทธ ์†Œํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:37
the concrete anatomy and the mechanisms behind it.
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์†Œํ™”๊ณผ์ • ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:40
And sometimes it seems to me
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
01:41
like we're all trying to figure out this magic trick,
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๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ํ™•์ธ๋„ ์•ˆ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ฑ„
01:45
but nobody's checking out the magician,
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๋งˆ์ˆ ์˜ ํŠธ๋ฆญ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:47
just because he has, like,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
01:48
an embarrassing hairstyle or something.
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๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ—ค์–ด์Šคํƒ€์ผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:52
And actually,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
01:54
there are reasons science disliked the gut for a long time;
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๊ณผํ•™์ด ์˜ค๋žœ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ๊ธฐํ”ผํ•ด์˜จ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:58
I have to say this.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
So, it's complex.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
There's a lot of surface area --
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๋Œ€์žฅ์€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋„“์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:02
about 40 times the area of our skin.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฉด์ ์˜ ์•ฝ 40๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
Then, in such a tight pipe,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐฌ ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:06
there are so many immune cells that are being trained there.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ƒ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:09
We have 100 trillion bacteria doing all sorts of things --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€์žฅ์—์„œ 100์กฐ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์ด ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:12
producing little molecules.
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๊ฐ์ข… ์žก๋‹คํ•œ ์ง“์„ ๋ฒŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Then there's about 20 different hormones,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝ 20๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ฃ .
02:16
so we are on a very different level than our genitals, for example.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ปจ๋Œ€ ์ƒ์‹๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€๋Š” ์ฐจ์›์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ .
02:19
And the nervous system of our gut is so complex
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๋Œ€์žฅ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ
02:23
that when we cut out a piece,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ ˆํŽธ์„ ๋„๋ ค๋‚ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:24
it's independent enough that when we poke it,
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๊ทธ ์ž˜๋ ค์ง„ ์ ˆํŽธ ์•ˆ์—๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:27
it mumbles back at us, friendly.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฐ”๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งˆ์น˜ ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:32
But at least those reasons are also the reasons why it's so fascinating
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•ž์„œ ๋งํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋“ค ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ทธ์ € ์™œ ๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€๋ฅผ
02:37
and important.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
It took me three steps to love the gut.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
02:42
So today, I invite you to follow me on those three steps.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
The very first was just looking at it
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
02:49
and asking questions like, "How does it work?"
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ ธ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ง€?" ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:53
and "Why does it have to look so weird for that sometimes?"
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"์ž‘๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ์™œ ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ? ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:57
And it actually wasn't me asking the first kind of these questions,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์˜๋ฌธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ’ˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
03:01
but my roommate.
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์ œ ๋ฃธ๋ฉ”์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
After one heavy night of partying,
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•œ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฐค
03:05
he came into our shared-room kitchen,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์“ฐ๋˜ ๊ณต์šฉ ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ
03:08
and he said, "Giulia, you study medicine. How does pooping work?"
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ "์ค„๋ฆฌ์•„, ๋„ˆ ์˜๋Œ€ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ž–์•„, ๋˜ฅ ์‹ธ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
03:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:15
And I did study medicine but I had no idea,
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:18
so I had to go up to my room and look it up in different books.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
And I found something interesting, I thought, at that time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‹น์‹œ์—” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:24
So it turns out, we don't only have this outer sphincter,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชธ์—๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:28
we also have an inner sphincter muscle.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ ๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:30
The outer sphincter we all know, we can control it,
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:32
we know what's going on there;
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณผ์ •๋“ค์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋‹ค๋“ค ์•Œ์ง€์š”.
03:34
the inner one, we really don't.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ฃ .
03:35
So what happens is,
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:37
when there are leftovers from digestion,
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์†Œํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚จ์€ ์ž”์—ฌ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:39
they're being delivered to the inner one first.
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๊ทธ ์ž”์—ฌ๋ฌผ์ด ์šฐ์„  ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์— ๋จผ์ € ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
This inner one will open in a reflex
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์ด ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
03:44
and let through a little bit for testing.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:48
So, there are sensory cells
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ
03:50
that will analyze what has been delivered: Is it gaseous or is it solid?
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๊ทธ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์š”, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์ฒด์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š”
03:56
And they will then send this information up to our brain,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๊ณ 
03:59
and this is the moment when our brain knows,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ด ๋•Œ
04:01
"Oh, I have to go to the toilet."
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"์˜ค, ๋‚˜ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์•ผ๊ฒ ์–ด" ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:06
The brain will then do what it's designed to do
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์˜์‹์ด๋ž€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด
04:08
with its amazing consciousness.
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๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ž๊ธฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:10
It will mediate with our surroundings,
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๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์„ 
04:13
and it will say something like,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:14
"So, I checked.
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
04:16
We are at this TEDx conference -- "
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ TEDx์— ์žˆ์–ด..."
04:18
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:23
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:25
Gaseous?
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๊ฐ€์Šค์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋ฉด?
04:26
Maybe, if you're sitting on the sides,
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์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ชฝ์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:28
and you know you can pull it off silently.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ์ฃ .
04:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:34
But solid --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ผ๋ฉด...
04:35
maybe later.
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์ข€ ์ฐธ์•„์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:36
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:37
Since our outer sphincter and the brain is connected with nervous cells,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:43
they coordinate, cooperate,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜‘์‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ
04:45
and they put it back in a waiting line --
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๊ทธ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—ด๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:50
for other times,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋•Œ๋ผ๋ฉด
04:51
like, for example, when we're at home sitting on the couch,
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์˜ˆ์ปจ๋Œ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†ŒํŒŒ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๊ณ 
04:54
we have nothing better to do,
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๋”ฑํžˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํ•  ์ผ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:55
we are free to go.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:57
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:01
Us humans are actually one of the very few animals that do this
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ์šฉ๋ณ€๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”
05:06
in such an advanced and clean way.
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๋ช‡ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
To be honest, I had some newfound respect
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง„
05:11
for that nice, inner sphincter dude --
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ ๋…€์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
05:14
not connected to nerves
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋•๋ถ„์—
05:15
that care too much about the outer world or the time --
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๋ฐ”๊นฅ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ธ ํ•„์š”์—†์ด ๊ทธ์ € ๋”ฑ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ
05:19
just caring about me for once.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ๋ฉด ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:21
I thought that was nice.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:23
And I used to not be a great fan of public restrooms,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋”ฑํžˆ ๊ณต์ค‘ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:27
but now I can go anywhere,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋””๋“  ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
05:29
because I consider it more
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์   ๊ทธ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜
05:30
when that inner muscle puts a suggestion on my daily agenda.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ด„์•ฝ๊ทผ์ด ์ €์˜ ์ผ์ผ ์•ˆ๊ฑด ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
05:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:36
And also I learned something else, which was:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:38
looking closely at something I might have shied away from --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ฒ˜ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ๊ธฐํ”ผํ–ˆ์„๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
05:43
maybe the weirdest part of myself --
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05:46
left me feeling more fearless,
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:48
and also appreciating myself more.
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์ œ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋” ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
And I think this happens a lot of times
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ
05:53
when you look at the gut, actually.
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๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Like those funny rumbling noises that happen
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:58
when you're in a group of friends
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
05:59
or at the office conference table,
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๋ฑƒ์†์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šค์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด
06:01
going, like, "Merrr, merrr..."
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"๊พธ๋ฅด๋ฅต, ๊พธ๋ฅด๋ฅต..."
06:04
This is not because we're hungry.
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
06:06
This is because our small intestine is actually a huge neat freak,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์†Œ์žฅ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋ฒฝ์ฆ ํ™˜์ž์ธ๋ฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
06:10
and it takes the time in between digestion to clean everything up,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œํ™”์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„์›Œ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๋ฒ• ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:15
resulting in those eight meters of gut -- really, seven of them --
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8๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œํ™”๊ด€ ์ค‘ 7๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์œ„๋ฅผ
06:18
being very clean and hardly smelling like anything.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋„ ์•ˆ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ๋” ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
06:22
It will, to achieve this, create a strong muscular wave
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ทผ์œก ์šด๋™์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜๋ฉฐ
06:26
that moves everything forward that's been leftover after digestion.
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๊ทธ ๊ทผ์œก ์šด๋™์ด ์†Œํ™” ํ›„ ๋‚จ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฐŒ๊บผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
This can sometimes create a sound,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:32
but doesn't necessarily have to always.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ณ ์š”.
06:35
So what we're embarrassed of is really a sign
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ ์†์„
06:38
of something keeping our insides fine and tidy.
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๋‹จ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
06:41
Or this weird, crooked shape of our stomach --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํœ˜์–ด์ง„ ์œ„์˜ ์ƒ๊น€์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:44
a bit Quasimodo-ish.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ณฑ์ถ” ๊ฐ™๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:46
This actually makes us be able to put pressure on our belly
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊น€์ƒˆ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณต๋ถ€์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
without vomiting,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ƒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:51
like when we're laughing
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์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„
06:52
and when we're doing sports,
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ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์—†์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
06:54
because the pressure will go up and not so much sideways.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์••๋ ฅ์ด ์–‘์˜†์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํœœ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
06:57
This also creates this air bubble
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:59
that's usually always very visible in X-rays, for example,
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ X-๋ ˆ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐ์„๋•Œ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
07:03
and can sometimes, with some people,
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์˜ˆ์ปจ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„ 
07:05
when it gets too big,
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๊ทธ ์œ„ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปค์ ธ์„œ
07:07
create discomfort or even some sensations of pain.
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณตํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
But for most of the people, is just results
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด
07:12
that it's far easier to burp when you're laying on your left side
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์™ผํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์›Œ์„œ ํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
instead of your right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์šฐ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ ์š”.
07:18
And soon I moved a bit further
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋‚ด ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
07:20
and started to look at the whole picture of our body and health.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜ ์ „๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
This was actually after I had heard
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ์ง€์ธ์ด
07:26
that someone I knew a little bit had killed himself.
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์ž์‚ด์„ ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๋•Œ ์ฆˆ์Œ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
It happened that I had been sitting next to that person the day before,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‚ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋‚  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜†์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์•˜๋˜ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
07:34
and I smelled that he had very bad breath.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌํ•œ ์ž…๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
And when I learned of the suicide the next day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž์‚ด ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
07:40
I thought: Could the gut have something to do with it?
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ . "๊ทธ์˜ ๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž์‚ด๊ณผ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ด€๋ จ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?"
07:43
And I frantically started searching if there were scientific papers
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ˜น์‹œ๋ผ๋„ ์ด์ „์— ๋Œ€์žฅ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
07:46
on the connection of gut and brain.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋“ฏ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
And to my surprise, I found many.
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
It turns out it's maybe not as simple as we sometimes think.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
We tend to think our brain makes these commands
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋ช…๋ น๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๋“ค๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:57
and then sends them down to the other organs,
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๊ทธ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์ € ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
07:59
and they all have to listen.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:01
But really, it's more that 10 percent of the nerves that connect brain and gut
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€์žฅ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง๋“ค ์ค‘ ์˜ค์ง 10%๋งŒ์ด
08:06
deliver information from the brain to the gut.
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๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
We know this, for example, in stressful situations,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š”
08:13
when there are transmitters from the brain that are being sensed by our gut,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด
08:17
so the gut will try to lower all the work,
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๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ์ผ์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž–์•„์š”.
08:20
and not be working and taking away blood and energy
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์ผ์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋Œ€์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์™€ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
08:25
to save energy for problem-solving.
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์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:27
This can go as far as nervous vomiting or nervous diarrhea
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์ด๊ฑด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ฑ ๊ตฌํ† ๋‚˜ ์„ค์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ
08:31
to get rid of food that it then doesn't want to digest.
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์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ์Œ์‹์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
08:34
Maybe more interestingly,
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์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
08:36
90 percent of the nervous fibers that connect gut and brain
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๋Œ€๋‡Œ์™€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ์ž‡๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋“ค ์ค‘ 90%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
08:39
deliver information from our gut to our brain.
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๋Œ€์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
08:43
And when you think about it a little bit,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:45
it does make sense, because our brain is very isolated.
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๋ง์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:48
It's in this bony skull surrounded by a thick skin,
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๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์Œ“์ธ ๋‘๊ฐœ๊ณจ์˜ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:53
and it needs information to put together a feeling
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ณ , ๋‚ด ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
08:56
of "How am I, as a whole body, doing?"
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:59
And the gut, actually, is possibly the most important advisor for the brain
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์žฅ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
because it's our largest sensory organ,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ์ฒด๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž„๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์—
09:07
collecting information not only on the quality of our nutrients,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์˜์–‘์†Œ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:10
but really also on how are so many of our immune cells doing,
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์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
09:14
or things like the hormones in our blood that it can sense.
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ํ˜น์€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์† ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ์ง€๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:17
And it can package this information, and send it up to the brain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ชจ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊น ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:21
It can, there, not reach areas like visual cortex or word formations --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ธ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋‡Œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐํ”ผ์งˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ธ์–ด์ค‘์ถ”๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆœ ์—†์ฃ .
09:25
otherwise, when we digest,
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
09:27
we would see funny colors or we would make funny noises -- no.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›ƒ๊ธด ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž–์•„์š”
09:32
But it can reach areas for things like morality,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์œ„๋“ค์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋•์ด๋ผ๋“ ๊ฐ€
09:35
fear or emotional processing
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๊ณตํฌ ํ˜น์€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ„ ๋‚ด์ง€๋Š”
09:36
or areas for self-awareness.
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋งก๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜์–ด์š”.
09:39
So it does make sense
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชธ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ๊ฐ€
09:40
that when our body and our brain are putting together this feeling
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ณ , ๋‚ด ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
09:44
of, "How am I, as a whole body, doing?"
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ
09:46
that the gut has something to contribute to this process.
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๋Œ€์žฅ์ด ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์ผ๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
09:52
And it also makes sense
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๊ทธ๋ง์ธ ์ฆ‰์Šจ
09:53
that people who have conditions like irritable bowel syndrome
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๊ณผ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ๋Œ€์žฅ ์ฆ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
09:56
or inflammatory bowel disease
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ํ˜น์€ ์—ผ์ฆ์„ฑ ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์•“๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
09:58
have a higher risk of having anxiety or depression.
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์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
10:01
I think this is good information to share,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ •๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
because many people will think,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:05
"I have this gut thing, and maybe I also have this mental health thing."
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"๋‚ด ๋Œ€์žฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋งˆ ๋‚ด ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜๋ด"
10:09
And maybe -- because science is not clear on that right now --
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์•„์ง์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
10:12
it's really just that the brain is feeling sympathy with their gut.
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ณผ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
10:17
This has yet to grow in evidence until it can come to practice.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
But just knowing about these kinds of research
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
10:24
that's out there at the moment
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๋‚ด ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”
10:26
helps me in my daily life.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
And it makes me think differently of my moods
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
10:30
and not externalize so much all the time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
I feel oftentimes during the day we are a brain and a screen,
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ์™€ ํ™”๋ฉด์ถœ๋ ฅ์žฅ์น˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฉฐ
10:37
and we will tend to look for answers right there
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
and maybe the work is stupid or our neighbor --
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋“ ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์›ƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:43
but really, moods can also come from within.
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
And just knowing this helped me,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ œ๊ฒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
for example, when I sometimes wake up too early,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ผ์ฐ ์ž ์—์„œ ๊นจ๋ฉด
10:50
and I start to worry and wander around with my thoughts.
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์ œ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋’ค์ฒ™์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
Then I think, "Stop. What did I eat yesterday?
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ , "์ž ๊น, ๋‚˜ ์–ด์ œ ๋ญ ๋จน์—ˆ์—ˆ์ง€?
10:56
Did I stress myself out too much?
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?
10:58
Did I eat too late or something?"
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ œ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
And then maybe get up and make myself a tea,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์•„๋งˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
11:02
something light to digest.
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์†Œํ™” ์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:04
And as simple as that sounds,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋งŒํผ
11:06
I think it's been surprisingly good for me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋†€๋ž„๋งŒํผ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Step three took me further away from our body,
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”
11:15
and to really understanding bacteria differently.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ธ๊ท ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ‰๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
The research we have today is creating a new definition
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„์งœ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
11:22
of what real cleanliness is.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
And it's not the hygiene hypothesis --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ก ์  ์œ„์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:28
I think many maybe know this.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์ด๋“ค ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹คํ…Œ์ง€๋งŒ
11:30
So it states that when you have too little microbes in your environment
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผํ•ด์„œ
11:33
because you clean all the time,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ ์€ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
11:35
that's not really a good thing,
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์‹ค์ œ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
because people get more allergies or autoimmune diseases then.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์•Œ๋Ÿฌ์ง€์™€ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ฉด์—ญ ์งˆํ™˜์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
11:40
So I knew this hypothesis,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
11:43
and I thought I wouldn't learn so much
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฑํžˆ ์žฅ๋‚ด์˜ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š”
11:44
from looking at cleanliness in the gut.
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๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
But I was wrong.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:49
It turns out,
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์ง„์งœ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์€
11:51
real cleanliness is not about killing off bacteria right away.
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์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์„ ์ฆ‰์‚ดํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:55
Real cleanliness is a bit different.
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์ง„์งœ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
When we look at the facts,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋†“๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
11:59
95 percent of all bacteria on this planet don't harm us -- they can't,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์„ธ๊ท ์˜ 95% ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
they don't have the genes to do so.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
Many, actually, help us a lot,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
12:08
and scientists at the moment are looking into things like:
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
์–ด๋–ค ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์žฅ์„ ๊นจ๋—์ด ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„๊นŒ?
12:12
Do some bacteria help us clean the gut?
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12:14
Do they help us digest?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
12:16
Do they make us put on weight or have a lean figure
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ฒด์ค‘์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์–ด๋„
12:18
although we're eating lots?
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๋‚ ์”ฌํ•œ ์ฒดํ˜•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
12:20
Are others making us feel more courageous or even more resilient to stress?
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์ข€ ๋” ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ์ €ํ•ญ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
So you see, there are more questions when it comes to cleanliness.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
And, actually, the thing is, it's about a healthy balance, I think.
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
You can't avoid the bad all the time.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
This is simply not possible;
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:37
there's always something bad around.
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ์œ„์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
12:40
So what really the whole deal is when you look at a clean gut,
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์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•œ ๋Œ€์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์€ ์œ ์ตํ•œ ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
12:44
it's about having good bacteria, enough of them,
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12:48
and then some bad.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:50
Our immune system needs the bad, too,
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์—ญ๊ณ„์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
so it knows what it's looking out for.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
12:54
So I started having this different perspective on cleanliness
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
12:58
and a few weeks later,
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๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฅธ ๋’ค์— ์ €๋Š”
12:59
I held a talk at my university,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:01
and I made a mistake by 1,000.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ ค 1000 ์—ฌ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
And I went home and I realized in that moment,
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ €๋Š”
13:06
I was like, "Ah! I made a mistake by 1,000.
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"์•„! 1000 ๊ฐœ ์”ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋„ค.
13:09
Oh God, that's so much, and that's so embarrassing."
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ž–์•„, ์™„์ „ ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•ด" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
And I started to think about this, I was like, "Ugh!"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง‰ "์œผ์•„!" ๋ผ๋ฉฐ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ
13:15
And after a while I said,
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์ž ์‹œ ๋’ค ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
13:16
"OK, I made this one mistake,
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
13:18
but then I also told so many good and right and helpful things,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ณ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด,
13:22
so I think it's OK, you know?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„, ๊ทธ์น˜?
13:24
It's a clean thing."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ"
13:25
And then I was like, "Oh, wait.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ "์–ด, ์ž ๊น.
13:27
Maybe I took my perspective on cleanliness further."
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์„ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋” ์ง„๋ณด์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ."
13:31
And it's my theory at the moment that maybe we all do.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋“ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ œ ์ด๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
Take it a bit further than just cleaning our living room,
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๊ทธ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
13:36
where maybe we make it to sort like a life hygiene.
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๊ฑฐ์‹ค์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Knowing that this is about fostering the good
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์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๊ณง ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:43
just as much as trying to shelter yourself from the bad
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋”ฑ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ๋งŒ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
13:47
had a very calming effect on me.
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์ œ๊ฒ ์ง„์ •์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
13:49
So in that sense,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
13:51
I hope today I told you mostly good and helpful things,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋„์›€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
and thank you for your time,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ 
13:56
for listening to me.
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๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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