Jacqueline Novogratz: Tackling poverty with "patient capita

27,072 views ・ 2007-08-14

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jun Sung Park κ²€ν† : Soogee Ha
00:26
I really am honored to be here, and as Chris said,
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이 μžλ¦¬μ— μ„œκ²Œλ˜μ–΄ μ˜κ΄‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•žμ„œ ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ λ§ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ,
00:28
it's been over 20 years since I started working in Africa.
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μ œκ°€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•œμ§€ 20여년이 μ§€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
My first introduction was at the Abidjan airport on a sweaty, Ivory Coast morning.
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제 첫 아프리카 κ²½ν—˜μ€ 땀이 λ‚˜λŠ” μ–΄λŠ μ•„μΉ¨μ˜ μ½”νŠΈλ””λΆ€μ•„λ₯΄(μƒμ•„ν•΄μ•ˆ)의 μ•„λΉ„μž₯ κ³΅ν•­μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
I had just left Wall Street, cut my hair to look like Margaret Mead,
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μ „ λ§ˆκ°€λ › λ―Έλ“œ(μ£Ό: μ—¬μ„± 인λ₯˜ν•™μž) 처럼 머리λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μ›” 슀트리트λ₯Ό 막 λ– λ‚˜λ©΄μ„œ
00:41
given away most everything that I owned,
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μ œκ°€ λ¬Όκ±΄λ“€μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ„ λ‚¨λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ£Όμ—ˆκ³ 
00:43
and arrived with all the essentials --
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ν•„μˆ˜ν’ˆλ“€λ§Œ 가지고 λ„μ°©ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
00:45
some poetry, a few clothes, and, of course, a guitar --
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μ‹œμ§‘ λͺ‡ ꢌ과 옷 λͺ‡λ²Œ, 그리고 기타도 빼놓지 μ•Šκ΅¬μš”--
00:47
because I was going to save the world,
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μ €λŠ” 세계λ₯Ό ꡬ원할 κ²ƒμ΄μ˜€κ³ ,
00:49
and I thought I would just start with the African continent.
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그리고 λ§‰μ—°νžˆ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λŒ€λ₯™μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ©΄ 될거라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
00:55
But literally within days of arriving I was told, in no uncertain terms,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ„μ°©ν•œμ§€ μ •λ§λ‘œ λͺ‡μΌ λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 사이에 μ €λŠ”
00:59
by a number of West African women, that Africans didn't want saving,
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ„œμ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄ μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ—κ²Œ 아프리카인듀은 ꡬ원이 ν•„μš”μ—†μœΌλ©°
01:04
thank you very much, least of all not by me.
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κ³ λ§™μ§€λ§Œ, 특히 μ €ν•œν…Œμ„œλ§ŒνΌμ€ μ•ˆ 받을 것이라고 ν™•μ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ λ“£κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
I was too young, unmarried, I had no children,
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μ „ λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ–΄λ Έκ³ , λ―Έν˜Όμ— 아이가 μ—†μœΌλ©°,
01:09
didn't really know Africa, and besides, my French was pitiful.
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아프리카λ₯Ό 잘 μ•Œμ§€λ„ λͺ»ν–ˆκ³  κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 제 λΆˆμ–΄λŠ” ν•œμ‹¬ν•  μ •λ„μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
And so, it was an incredibly painful time in my life,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 제 인생에 μžˆμ–΄ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ μ‹œκ°„μ΄μ˜€μ§€λ§Œ
01:16
and yet it really started to give me the humility to start listening.
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μ œκ°€ λ‚¨μ˜ 말에 κ·€ κ·€μšΈμΌ 수 μžˆλŠ” 겸손함을 κ°–μΆ”κ²Œν•œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
I think that failure can be an incredibly motivating force as well,
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μ „ μ‹€νŒ¨κ°€ μ–΄λ– ν•œ 동기뢀여에 μžˆμ–΄ 믿을 수 μ—†μ„μ •λ„μ˜ 원동λ ₯도 될 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
so I moved to Kenya and worked in Uganda,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ „ μΌ€λƒλ‘œ κ±΄λ„ˆκ°€ μš°κ°„λ‹€μ—μ„œ 일을 ν•˜μ˜€κ³ ,
01:28
and I met a group of Rwandan women, who asked me, in 1986,
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ν•œ 무리의 λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€ 여성듀을 λ§Œλ‚¬λŠ”λ° 그듀은 1986년에 μ €μ—κ²Œ
01:31
to move to Kigali to help them start the first microfinance institution there.
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ν‚€κ°ˆλ¦¬λ‘œ μ™€μ„œ 첫 μ†Œμ•‘κΈˆμœ΅κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ 섀립을 λ„μ™€λ‹¬λΌλŠ” 뢀탁을 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
And I did, and we ended up naming it Duterimbere,
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μ „ μˆ˜λ½ν•˜μ˜€κ³  κ²°κ΅­ κ·Έ 기관에 Duterimbere λΌλŠ” 이름을 λΆ™μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
01:39
meaning "to go forward with enthusiasm." And while we were doing it,
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"열정을 가지고 μ „μ§„ν•˜λ‹€" λΌλŠ” λœ»μ„ κ°€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 저희가 이 일을 ν•˜λŠ”λ™μ•ˆ
01:42
I realized that there weren't a lot of businesses that were viable
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여성듀이 섀립할 수 μžˆλŠ” 성곡할 λ§Œν•œ 사업이 λ§Žμ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ κΉ¨λ‹¬μœΌλ©΄μ„œ
01:45
and started by women, and so maybe I should try to run a business, too.
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μ œκ°€ 사업을 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄λ³΄λŠ”κ²Œ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ ν•˜κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
And so I started looking around, and I heard about a bakery
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κ·Έλ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ 주변을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„λ•Œ
01:51
that was run by 20 prostitutes.
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20λͺ…μ˜ λ§€μΆ˜λΆ€λ“€μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” ν•œ λΉ΅κ°€κ²Œμ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ λ“£κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
And, being a little intrigued, I went to go meet this group,
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그리고 쑰금 ν₯λ―Έκ°€ 생긴 μ €λŠ” 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜λŸ¬ κ°”κ³ 
01:57
and what I found was 20 unwed mothers who were trying to survive.
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κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ μ œκ°€ λ³Έ 것은 살아남기 μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 20λͺ…μ˜ 미혼λͺ¨λ“€μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
And it was really the beginning of my understanding the power of language,
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μ €λŠ” μ–Έμ–΄μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬, 그리고
02:07
and how what we call people so often distances us from them,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 자주 μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό μ €ν¬κ°„μ˜ κ±°λ¦¬λΌλŠ”κ²ƒμ΄
02:10
and makes them little.
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μ’ν˜€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ 막 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
I also found out that the bakery was nothing like a business,
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λ˜ν•œ 이 λΉ΅ κ°€κ²Œκ°€ μ „ν˜€ 사업같은것이 μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ 
02:16
that, in fact, it was a classic charity run by a well-intentioned person,
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사싀은 μ„ μ˜λ₯Ό 가진 ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ „ν˜•μ μΈ μžμ„ λ‹¨μ²΄λΌλŠ”κ²ƒμ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
who essentially spent 600 dollars a month
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 맀달 600λΆˆμ„ κΈ°λΆ€ν•˜μ—¬
02:24
to keep these 20 women busy making little crafts and baked goods,
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20λͺ…μ˜ μ—¬μ„±λ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ μž‘μ€ κ³΅μ˜ˆν’ˆκ³Ό ꡬ운 μ œν’ˆλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ“€λ©° λΆ„μ£Όν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
02:29
and living on 50 cents a day, still in poverty.
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ν•˜λ£¨μ— 50μ„ΌνŠΈλ‘œ μ‚΄κ²Œ ν•˜μ—¬ λΉˆκ³€ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
So, I made a deal with the women. I said, "Look, we get rid of the charity side,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ „ κ·Έλ…€λ“€κ³Ό ν˜‘μƒν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ΄λ΄μš”, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 기뢀에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
02:35
and we run this as a business and I'll help you."
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이 κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μ—…μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μ œκ°€ λ„μ™€μ£Όκ² μ–΄μš”."
02:38
They nervously agreed. I nervously started, and, of course,
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그듀은 μ΄ˆμ‘°ν•˜κ²Œ μŠΉλ‚™ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μ € λ˜ν•œ μ΄ˆμ‘°ν•˜κ²Œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¬Όλ‘ ,
02:42
things are always harder than you think they're going to be.
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세상은 μƒκ°ν–ˆλ˜ 것보닀 항상 νž˜λ“€κ²Œ 되기 λ§ˆλ ¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
First of all, I thought, well, we need a sales team,
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λ¨Όμ € μ €λŠ” μ˜μ—…νŒ€μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆκ³ ,
02:46
and we clearly aren't the A-Team here,
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이곳에 μžˆλŠ” 저희가 μš°μˆ˜ν•œ νŒ€μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œκ²ƒμ€ ν™•μ‹€ν•˜μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—,
02:48
so let's -- I did all this training.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 닀같이 -- μ €λŠ” 이런 λͺ¨λ“  ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
02:51
And the epitome was when I literally marched into the streets
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그리고 κ·Έ λͺ¨λ²”을 말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ œκ°€
02:55
of Nyamirambo, which is the popular quarter of Kigali, with a bucket,
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양동이 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  ν‚€κ°ˆλ¦¬μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ§Žμ€ ꡬ역인 λƒλ―ΈλžŒλ³΄μ˜ 거리λ₯Ό μ§€λ‚˜λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©°
02:58
and I sold all these little doughnuts to people,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 쑰그만 도넛듀을 μ „λΆ€ 판 후에
03:01
and I came back, and I was like, "You see?"
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λŒμ•„μ™€μ„œ "λ‹€λ“€ λ΄€μ£ ?" 라고 ν•˜λ©° λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
And the women said, "You know, Jacqueline, who in Nyamirambo is not going to buy
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그러자 여성듀은 "재클린 κ·Έκ±° μ•Œμ•„μš”? λƒλ―ΈλžŒλ³΄μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ– ν•œ λˆ„κ΅¬μΈλ“€
03:07
doughnuts out of an orange bucket from a tall American woman?" And like --
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ν‚€ 큰 λ―Έκ΅­ μ—¬μ„±μ˜ μ˜€λ Œμ§€μƒ‰ μ–‘λ™μ΄μ—μ„œ 도넛을 사지 μ•Šκ² μ–΄μš”?" 라고 ν–ˆλŠ”λ° --
03:11
(Laughter) -- it's a good point.
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(μ›ƒμŒ) 그것은 쒋은 μ§€μ μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
So then I went the whole American way,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ 미ꡭ적인
03:15
with competitions, team and individual. Completely failed,
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경쟁과 νŒ€, 그리고 개인주의적인 방식을 λ„μž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ²°κ΅­ μ™„λ²½νžˆ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:18
but over time, the women learnt to sell on their own way.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 흐λ₯΄λ©΄μ„œ 그녀듀은 κ·Έλ…€λ“€ μžμ‹ λ“€λ§Œμ˜ νŒλ§€λ°©λ²•μ„ λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
And they started listening to the marketplace,
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그리고 그녀듀은 μ‹œμž₯에 κ·€ 기울이기 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ˜€κ³ ,
03:24
and they came back with ideas for cassava chips, and banana chips,
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μΉ΄μ‚¬λ°”μΉ©μ΄λ‚˜ λ°”λ‚˜λ‚˜μΉ©, 그리고 μ‚¬νƒ•μˆ˜μˆ˜λΉ΅ 같은 아이디어λ₯Ό 가지고 μ™”λŠ”λ°
03:27
and sorghum bread, and before you knew it,
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미처 μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬κΈ°λ„ 전에
03:29
we had cornered the Kigali market,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” ν‚€κ°ˆλ¦¬ μ‹œμž₯을 μž₯μ•…ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
03:31
and the women were earning three to four times the national average.
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그녀듀은 μ „κ΅­ ν‰κ· μ˜ μ„Έ 넀배에 λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” λˆμ„ 벌고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
And with that confidence surge, I thought, "Well, it's time to create a real bakery,
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그리고 μžμ‹ κ°μ— νœ©μ‹ΈμΈ μ €λŠ” μ΄λ²ˆμ—” μ§„μ§œ λΉ΅κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 차둀라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆκ³ 
03:38
so let's paint it." And the women said, "That's a really great idea."
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό μΉ ν•˜μžκ³  ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 그녀듀은 "ꡉμž₯히 쒋은 생각" 이라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
And I said, "Well, what color do you want to paint it?" And they said,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” "κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό 무슨 μƒ‰κΉ”λ‘œ μΉ ν•˜κΈΈ μ›ν•΄μš”?" 라고 묻자 그녀듀은
03:44
"Well, you choose." And I said, "No, no, I'm learning to listen.
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"음, 당신이 μ •ν•΄μš”." 라고 ν•˜μ˜€κ³  λ‹€μ‹œ μ €λŠ” "μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”, 그럴 순 μ—†μ–΄μš”. μ €λŠ” λ‚¨μ˜ 말을 λ“£λŠ”κ±Έ μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš” --
03:47
You choose. It's your bakery, your street, your country -- not mine."
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당신듀이 μ •ν•΄μš”. 이곳은 μ œκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λΉ΅κ°€κ²Œμ΄κ³ , λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 거리이며, λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λ‚˜λΌμž–μ•„μš”." 라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
But they wouldn't give me an answer.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그듀은 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
So, one week, two weeks, three weeks went by,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ©΄μ„œ ν•œ μ£Ό, 두 μ£Ό, μ„Έ μ£Όκ°€ 지났고
03:54
and finally I said, "Well, how about blue?"
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κ²°κ΅­ μ €λŠ” "음, νŒŒλž€μƒ‰μ€ μ–΄λ•Œμš”?" 라고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
And they said, "Blue, blue, we love blue. Let's do it blue."
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그러자 그듀은 "νŒŒλž€μƒ‰, νŒŒλž€μƒ‰, νŒŒλž€μƒ‰ 정말 λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“€μ–΄μš”. νŒŒλž€μƒ‰μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄μš”." 라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
So, I went to the store, I brought Gaudence, the recalcitrant one of all,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ €λŠ” 무리쀑 κ°€μž₯ 고집이 μ„Ό κ°€μš°λ˜μŠ€λ₯Ό 데리고 κ°€κ²Œμ— κ°”κ³ 
04:03
and we brought all this paint and fabric to make curtains,
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이 λͺ¨λ“  νŽ˜μΈνŠΈλ“€κ³Ό μ»€νŠΌμ„ λ§Œλ“€ μ²œμ„ κ°€μ Έμ™”κ³ 
04:07
and on painting day, we all gathered in Nyamirambo,
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νŽ˜μΈνŠΈμΉ μ„ ν•˜λŠ” λ‚  μ €ν¬λŠ” λƒλ―ΈλžŒλ³΄μ— λͺ¨λ‘ λͺ¨μ—¬
04:10
and the idea was we would paint it white with blue as trim,
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ν•˜μ–—κ³  νŒŒλž—κ²Œ ν…Œλ‘λ¦¬μΉ μ„ ν•˜μ—¬
04:13
like a little French bakery. But that was clearly not as satisfying
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쑰그만 ν”„λž‘μŠ€ λΉ΅κ°€κ²Œμ²˜λŸΌ λ§Œλ“€ μƒκ°μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
04:16
as painting a wall of blue like a morning sky.
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μ˜€μ „μ˜ ν•˜λŠ˜κ°™μ€ νŒŒλž€λΉ›μ„ 벽에 μΉ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ§Œμ‘±μŠ€λŸ½μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
So, blue, blue, everything became blue.
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κ²°κ΅­ νŒŒλž—κ²Œ, 더 νŒŒλž—κ²Œ, λͺ¨λ“ κ²ƒμ΄ νŒŒλž—κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄λ²„λ Έκ³ 
04:22
The walls were blue, the windows were blue,
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벽듀도 νŒŒλž—κ³ , 창듀도 νŒŒλž—κ³ 
04:23
the sidewalk out front was painted blue.
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κ°€κ²Œ μ•ž κΈΈκ°€λ§ˆμ €λ„ νŒŒλž—κ²Œ μΉ ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
And Aretha Franklin was shouting "R-E-S-P-E-C-T,"
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μ•„λ ˆμ‚¬ ν”„λž­ν΄λ¦°μ˜ 곑쀑 "R.E.S.P.E.C.T." λΌλŠ” ꡬ절이 ν˜λŸ¬λ‚˜μ˜€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
04:30
the women's hips were swaying
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여성듀은 엉덩이λ₯Ό 듀썩거리고 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°
04:32
and little kids were trying to grab the paintbrushes, but it was their day.
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μž‘μ€ 아이듀이 페인트 뢓을 μž‘μ•„μ±„λ €κ³  ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 날은 그녀듀을 μœ„ν•œ ν•˜λ£¨μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
And at the end of it, we stood across the street
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κ²°κ΅­ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ—, μ €ν¬λŠ” κΈΈ κ±΄λ„ˆμ— μ„œμ„œ
04:38
and we looked at what we had done, and I said, "It is so beautiful."
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저희가 이룬 것을 λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ "정말 μ˜ˆλ»μš”" 라고 μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜μž
04:41
And the women said, "It really is."
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그녀듀은 "정말 κ·ΈλŸ¬λ„€μš”" 라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
And I said, "And I think the color is perfect,"
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그리고 "제 생각에 색깔이 μ™„λ²½ν•œκ±° κ°™μ•„μš”" 라고 μ œκ°€ λ§ν–ˆμ„λ•Œ
04:46
and they all nodded their head, except for Gaudence,
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κ°€μš°λ˜μŠ€λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έν•œ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 고개λ₯Ό λ„λ•μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
and I said, "What?"
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μ „ λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ™œ κ·Έλž˜μš”?"
04:50
And she said, "Nothing." And I said, "What?"
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ "아무것도 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”" 라고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ "무슨 μΌμΈλ°μš”?" 라고 묻자
04:52
And she said, "Well, it is pretty, but, you know, our color, really, it is green." And --
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ "음, 예쁘긴 ν•œλ° λ³΄λ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 칠해진 색깔은, 사싀, μ΄ˆλ‘μƒ‰μΈκ±Έμš”" 라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 --
04:58
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ).
05:01
-- I learned then that listening isn't just about patience,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ•Œ λ‚¨μ˜ 말에 κ·€ κΈ°μšΈμΈλ‹€λŠ” 것은 μ°Έμ„μ„±λΏλ§Œμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©°
05:06
but that when you've lived on charity and dependent your whole life long,
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μžμ„ λ‹¨μ²΄μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ‚΄μ•„κ°€κ³  일평생을 의쑴적으둜 μ‚¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
05:11
it's really hard to say what you mean.
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μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 말을 ν•˜κΈ°κ°€ νž˜λ“€λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
And, mostly because people never really ask you,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그런 것을 물어보지 μ•Šκ³ 
05:17
and when they do, you don't really think they want to know the truth.
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ν˜Ήμ—¬ λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Έλ‹€ ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ 진싀을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
And so then I learned that listening is not only about waiting,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” κ·€ κΈ°μšΈμΈλ‹€λŠ” 것이 κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 것 뿐만이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
05:23
but it's also learning how better to ask questions.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ”μš± 잘 λ¬Όμ–΄λ³΄λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ°°μš°λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄λΌκ³  배우게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:27
And so, I lived in Kigali for about two and a half years, doing these two things,
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μ „ ν‚€κ°ˆλ¦¬μ— 이 두 가지λ₯Ό ν•˜λ©° μ•½ 이년 반 정도λ₯Ό μ‚΄μ•˜κ³ 
05:31
and it was an extraordinary time in my life.
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제 인생에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 정말 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
And it taught me three lessons
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μ œκ°€ μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ 배운 세가지 κ΅ν›ˆμ€
05:35
that I think are so important for us today,
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μ§€κΈˆ ν˜„μž¬μ˜ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œλ„,
05:38
and certainly in the work that I do.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œλ„ 두말 ν•  λ‚˜μœ„μ—†μ΄ 맀우 μ†Œμ€‘ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
The first is that dignity is more important to the human spirit than wealth.
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μ²«λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” μžμ‘΄κ°μ€ μΈκ°„μ˜ μ˜ν˜Όμ— μžˆμ–΄ μž¬μ‚°λ³΄λ‹€ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:44
As Eleni has said, when people gain income, they gain choice,
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μΌλ ˆλ‹ˆμ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μˆ˜μž…μ„ μ–»μ„λ•Œ μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ μ–»κ³ ,
05:48
and that is fundamental to dignity.
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그것이 자쑴감의 기본이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
But as human beings, we also want to see each other,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μΈκ°„μœΌλ‘œμ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό 보기λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜κ³ 
05:53
and we want to be heard by each other, and we should never forget that.
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μ„œλ‘œμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ“£κ²Œ 되기λ₯Ό μ›ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ μžŠμ–΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
The second is that traditional charity and aid
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œ μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 기뢀단체와 μ›μ‘°λ¬ΌμžλŠ”
06:00
are never going to solve the problems of poverty.
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빈곀문제λ₯Ό μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•  κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
I think Andrew pretty well covered that, so I will move to the third point,
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이에 κ΄€ν•΄μ„  μ•€λ“œλ₯˜κ°€ 잘 μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ„Έλ²ˆμ§Έ μš”μ μœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
which is that markets alone also
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그것은 μ‹œμž₯ κ·Έ μžμ²΄λ‘œλ„ μ—­μ‹œλ‚˜
06:07
are not going to solve the problems of poverty.
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빈곀문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
Yes, we ran this as a business,
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λ„€, 저희가 이 κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μ—…μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
06:12
but someone needed to pay the philanthropic support
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κ²°κ΅­ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λŠ”
06:17
that came into the training, and the management support, the strategic advice
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ꡐ윑, κ΄€λ¦¬μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ, μ „λž΅μ μΈ μ‘°μ–Έ 등등을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ—¬
06:20
and, maybe most important of all,
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μ•„λ§ˆ 그쀑 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ
06:23
the access to new contacts, networks and new markets.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 연쀄, λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 그리고 μ‹œμž₯으둜의 μ ‘κ·ΌκΈ°νšŒμ˜ 지원을 κ°€λŠ₯μΌ€ ν•  μžμ„ κΈˆμ„ λ§ˆλ ¨ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
And so, on a micro level, there's a real role for this combination
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λ˜ν•œ λ―Έμ‹œμ  μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ νˆ¬μžμ™€ μžμ„ ν™œλ™μ˜ κ²°ν•©μ˜
06:31
of investment and philanthropy.
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μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ 역할이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
And on a macro level -- some of the speakers have inferred that
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그리고 κ±°μ‹œμ  μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œλŠ” λͺ‡λͺ‡ λ°œν‘œμžλ“€μ΄
06:38
even health should be privatized.
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λ³΄κ±΄μ‚¬μ—…λ§ˆμ €λ„ λ―Όμ˜ν™” λœλ‹€λŠ” μΆ”λ‘ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
But, having had a father with heart disease,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 심μž₯병을 가진 아버지가 κ³„μ…¨μ—ˆκ³ 
06:42
and realizing that what our family could afford
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제 κ°€μ‘±μ˜ ν˜•νŽΈμ΄ κ·Έκ°€ λˆ„λ Έμ–΄μ•Ό λ§ˆλ•…ν–ˆμ„ 것을
06:46
was not what he should have gotten,
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λΆ€ν•©ν•˜μ‹œν‚€μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ 것을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μœΌλ©°
06:49
and having a good friend step in to help,
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쒋은 μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 도움을 쀌으둜 μΈν•˜μ—¬
06:52
I really believe that all people deserve access to health
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μ €λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν˜•νŽΈμ— λ§žλŠ” 가격에 μ˜λ£Œλ³΄κ±΄μ„
06:55
at prices they can afford.
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λˆ„λ¦΄μˆ˜ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό λœλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
I think the market can help us figure that out,
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μ €λŠ” μ‹œμž₯이 그것을 ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ”λ° 도움을 쀄 거라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
06:59
but there's got to be a charitable component,
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μžμ„ μ μΈ μš”μ†Œκ°€ κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•œλ°
07:01
or I don't think we're going to create the kind of societies we want to live in.
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λ§Œμ•½ 그렇지 μ•Šλ‹€λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ •μž‘ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚΄κ³  싢은 μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ 갈 것 같지 μ•Šλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
And so, it was really those lessons that made me decide to
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그리고 이런 κ΅ν›ˆλ“€μ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ μ €λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ
07:08
build Acumen Fund about six years ago.
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μœ‘λ…„ 전에 μ•„νλ©˜ νŽ€λ“œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:11
It's a nonprofit, venture capital fund for the poor,
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이것은 κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬ 벀처자금인데
07:14
a few oxymorons in one sentence.
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ν•œ λ§ˆλ””λ‘œ λ§ν•΄μ„œ λͺ¨μˆœμ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
It essentially raises charitable funds from individuals, foundations and corporations,
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이곳은 근본적으둜 개인, μž¬λ‹¨, 그리고 κΈ°μ—…λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μžμ„ μ μΈ νŽ€λ“œλ₯Ό μ°½μΆœν•˜κ³ 
07:21
and then we turn around and we invest equity and loans
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 이것을 νšŒμ „μ‹œμΌœ 자본과 λŒ€μΆœκΈˆμ„
07:23
in both for-profit and nonprofit entities
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μ˜λ¦¬μ™€ λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬ 사업체듀쀑
07:25
that deliver affordable health, housing, energy, clean water
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비싸지 μ•Šμ€ 의료, μ£Όκ±°μ‹œμ„€, μ—λ„ˆμ§€, κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 물을
07:29
to low income people in South Asia and Africa,
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λ‚¨μ•„μ‹œμ•„μ™€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ μ €μ†Œλ“μΈ΅μ—κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ—¬
07:32
so that they can make their own choices.
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그듀이 μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ κ°€μ§ˆμˆ˜ μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” 곳에 νˆ¬μžν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
We've invested about 20 million dollars in 20 different enterprises,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 2천만 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό 20μ—¬κ°œμ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 사업에 νˆ¬μžν•˜μ˜€κ³ ,
07:38
and have, in so doing, created nearly 20,000 jobs,
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그럼으둜 인해 20,000μ—¬κ°œμ— κ°€κΉŒμš΄ 직μž₯을 창좜,
07:43
and delivered tens of millions of services to people
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μˆ˜μ²œλ§Œκ°€μ§€μ˜ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό 이 방법이 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
07:45
who otherwise would not be able to afford them.
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이것듀을 μΆ©λ‹Ήν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:49
I want to tell you two stories. Both of them are in Africa.
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μ „ 두 가지 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 두 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
Both of them are about investing in entrepreneurs
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λ‘˜μ€ κΈ°μ—…κ°€μ—κ²Œ νˆ¬μžν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ”λ°
07:54
who are committed to service, and who really know the markets.
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μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ—…μ— μ „λ…ν•˜κ³  있으며 μ‹œμž₯을 잘 μ•„λŠ” κΈ°μ—…κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ νˆ¬μžν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
Both of them live at the confluence of public health and enterprise,
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μ–‘μͺ½ λͺ¨λ‘ κ³΅κ³΅μ˜λ£Œμ‚¬μ—…κ³Ό λ―Όκ°„μ‚¬μ—…μ˜ 사이에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•΄ 있으며
08:02
and both of them, because they're manufacturers,
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κ·Έλ“€ λ‘˜ λͺ¨λ‘ μ œμ‘°μ—…μžμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έλ°
08:04
create jobs directly, and create incomes indirectly,
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μ§μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ 일자리λ₯Ό μ°½μΆœν•˜κ³  간접적인 μ†Œλ“μ„ κ±°λ‘κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”λ°
08:07
because they're in the malaria sector,
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그듀이 말라리아 지역에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•˜μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄κ³ 
08:09
and Africa loses about 13 billion dollars a year because of malaria.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λŠ” 맀년 μ•½ 130μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό 말라리아에 κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ μžƒκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
And so as people get healthier, they also get wealthier.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 건강해 질수둝 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μž¬μ‚°λ„ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:18
The first one is called Advanced Bio-Extracts Limited.
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첫 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” Advanced Bio-Extracts λΌλŠ” μœ ν•œνšŒμ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
It's a company built in Kenya about seven years ago
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이 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” μ•½ 7λ…„μ „ 케냐에 κ·Όκ±°λ₯Ό 두고
08:23
by an incredible entrepreneur named Patrick Henfrey and his three colleagues.
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ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 기업가인 패트릭 헨프리와 그의 μ„Έ λ™λ£Œμ— μ˜ν•΄ μ°½λ¦½λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
These are old-hand farmers
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이 λ…Έλ ¨ν•œ 농뢀듀은
08:29
who've gone through all the agricultural ups and downs
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λ†μ‚¬μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  희비λ₯Ό
08:31
in Kenya over the last 30 years.
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μ§€λ‚œ 30λ…„λ™μ•ˆ μΌ€λƒμ—μ„œ κ²ͺ은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
Now, this plant is an Artemisia plant;
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자, 이 곡μž₯은 μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„ 곡μž₯인데
08:36
it's the basic component for artemisinin,
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μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„λŠ” 말라리아에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 널리 μ•Œλ €μ§„ 치료제인 μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œλ‹Œμ˜
08:38
which is the best-known treatment for malaria.
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기본적인 μ„±λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.Β©
08:40
It's indigenous to China and the Far East,
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μ΄κ²ƒμ˜ μ›μ‚°μ§€λŠ” 쀑ꡭ과 κ·Ήλ™μ§€μ—­μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
08:44
but given that the prevalence of malaria is here in Africa,
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ 말라리아가 μœ ν–‰ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 보고
08:46
Patrick and his colleagues said, "Let's bring it here,
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패트릭과 그의 λ™λ£Œλ“€μ€ "이걸 κ°€μ Έμ˜€μž,
08:50
because it's a high value-add product."
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이것은 높은 λΆ€κ°€κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό 가진 μƒν’ˆμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒ" 라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:52
The farmers get three to four times the yields that they would with maize.
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농뢀듀은 μ˜₯수수둜 ν•˜λ˜ 것 보닀 μ„Έ λ„€λ°° κ°€λŸ‰ μ†ŒμΆœλŸ‰μ„ μ–»κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:58
And so, using patient capital -- money that they could raise early on,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 그듀이 μ΄ˆκΈ°μ— λͺ¨μ„ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 인내 μžλ³Έμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ
09:02
that actually got below market returns
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그것은 사싀 μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ μ–»λŠ” μˆ˜μ΅μ— λΉ„ν•΄ μ μ—ˆκ³ 
09:04
and was willing to go the long haul and be combined
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λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λ…Έλ ₯이 λ“œλŠ” μΌμž„μ—λ„ 꺼리지 μ•Šκ³ 
09:08
with management assistance, strategic assistance --
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관리지원 그리고 μ „λž΅μ§€μ›κ³Ό κ²°ν•©ν•˜κ²Œ λ¨μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
09:11
they've now created a company where they purchase from 7,500 farmers.
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7,500λͺ…μ˜ λ†λΆ€λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° κ΅¬μž…ν•˜λŠ” νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
So that's about 50,000 people affected.
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μ•½ 50,000λͺ… κ°€λŸ‰μ΄ 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
And I think some of you may have visited --
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제 생각엔 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€‘ λͺ‡λͺ‡μ΄ λ°©λ¬Έν•˜μ…¨μœΌλ¦¬λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
09:19
these farmers are helped by KickStart and TechnoServe,
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이 농뢀듀은 ν‚₯μŠ€νƒ€νŠΈμ™€ ν…Œν¬λ…Έμ„œλΈŒμ—μ„œ
09:22
who help them become more self-sufficient.
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μžκΈ‰μžμ‘±ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 도움받고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:24
They buy it, they dry it and they bring it to this factory,
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그듀은 μ½”μ•Œν…œμ„ λ§Œλ“€μˆ˜ μžˆλŠ” 이 가루에 큰 ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό 가진
09:27
which was purchased in part by, again, patient capital from Novartis,
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λ…Έλ°œν‹°μŠ€μ—μ„œ μ§€μ›λœ 인내 자본으둜 μ„Έμš΄ 곡μž₯에
09:31
who has a real interest in getting the powder
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κ΅¬μž…ν•œ ν›„ 말린 μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„λ₯Ό
09:34
so that they can make Coartem.
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κ°€μ Έκ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
Acumen's been working with ABE for the past year, year and a half,
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어큐맨은 ABE와 μ§€λ‚œν•΄ 그리고 일년 반 λ™μ•ˆ
09:42
both on looking at a new business plan,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‚¬μ—…κ³„νšκ³Ό
09:44
and what does expansion look like, helping with management support
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관리지원과 κ³„μ•½μ„œμž‘μ„± 및 μžλ³Έμ‘°λ‹¬μ„ λ„μ›€μœΌλ‘œμ¨
09:47
and helping to do term sheets and raise capital.
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사업확μž₯이 μ–΄λ– ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ„λŠ”κ°€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 같이 μΌν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:51
And I really understood what patient capital meant emotionally
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그리고 μ œκ°€ 인내 자본이 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 의미λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 가에 λŒ€ν•΄
09:54
in the last month or so. Because the company was literally
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μ§€λ‚œ ν•œ 달간 κ°μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ κ·Έ νšŒμ‚¬κ°€
09:58
10 days away from proving that the product they produced
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그듀이 κ°€μž₯ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 금육 μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν•΄ μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
10:02
was at the world-quality level needed to make Coartem,
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μ½”μ•„ν…œμ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄ 그듀이 λ§Œλ“  μ œν’ˆμ΄ 세계 졜고의 μˆ˜μ€€μ΄λΌλŠ”κ²ƒμ„
10:06
when they were in the biggest cash crisis of their history.
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증λͺ…ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ•½ 10일정도밖에 남지 μ•Šμ•˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
And we called all of the social investors we know.
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그리고 μ €ν¬λŠ” 저희가 μ•Œκ³ μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬νšŒνˆ¬μžμžλ“€μ„ 뢈러λͺ¨μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
Now, some of these same social investors are really interested in Africa
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자, λͺ‡λͺ‡ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒνˆ¬μžμžλ“€μ€ 아프리카에 ꡉμž₯ν•œ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
10:16
and understand the importance of agriculture,
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λ†μ—…μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆκΈ°μ—
10:18
and they even helped the farmers.
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그듀은 농뢀듀을 λ•κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
And even when we explained that if ABE goes away,
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그리고 λ§Œμ•½ ABEκ°€ 사라진닀면
10:24
all those 7,500 jobs go away too,
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7,500μ—¬κ°œμ— λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 직μž₯이 λ™μ‹œμ— 사라진닀고 μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆμ„λ•Œ
10:28
we sometimes have this bifurcation between business and the social.
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사업과 μ‚¬νšŒ 이 두가지에 λŒ€ν•œ 뢄기점이 생기기도 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:33
And it's really time we start thinking more creatively about how they can be fused.
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그리고 μ§€κΈˆμ€ 이 두가지가 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ ν•©μ³μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμ„μ§€ 창의적으둜 생각할 λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:37
So Acumen made not one, but two bridge loans,
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어큐맨은 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 두 κ°€μ§€μ˜ μ—°κ²° 육자λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆκ³ 
10:40
and the good news is they did indeed meet world-quality classification and are now
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쒋은 μ†Œμ‹μ€ 그듀이 λͺ…μ‹€κ³΅νžˆ 세계 μ΅œκ³ μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ μΈμ •λ°›μ•˜μœΌλ©°
10:46
in the final stages of closing a 20-million-dollar round, to move it to the next level,
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더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 2천만 λ‹¬λŸ¬ κ³„μ•½μ˜ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 단계에 와 있으며
10:50
and I think that this will be one of the more important companies in East Africa.
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제 생각엔 λ™μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ νšŒμ‚¬μ€‘ ν•˜λ‚˜λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:56
This is Samuel. He's a farmer.
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μ‚¬λ¬΄μ—˜μ„ λ³΄μ‹œμ£  κ·ΈλŠ” λ†λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:58
He was actually living in the Kibera slums
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κ·ΈλŠ” 사싀 ν‚€λ² λΌμ˜ λΉˆλ―Όκ°€μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:00
when his father called him and told him about Artemisia and the value-add potential.
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그의 아버지가 κ·Έλ₯Ό λΆˆλŸ¬μ„  μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„μ˜ λΆ€κ°€κ°€μΉ˜ μž μž¬μ„±μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€ 말이죠.
11:05
So he moved back to the farm, and, long story short,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” 농μž₯으둜 λŒμ•„κ°”κ³ , κ²°κ΅­ κ·ΈλŠ”
11:08
they now have seven acres under cultivation.
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7μ—μ΄μ»€μ˜ κ²½μž‘μ§€λ₯Ό μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:11
Samuel's kids are in private school,
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μ‚¬λ¬΄μ—˜μ˜ 아이듀은 사립학ꡐ에 λ‹€λ‹ˆκ³ 
11:13
and he's starting to help other farmers in the area also go into Artemisia production --
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그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” 이 μ§€μ—­μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ†λΆ€λ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„ 생산에 λ˜ν•œ μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λ„λ‘ 돕기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
11:19
dignity being more important than wealth.
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쑴엄성이 μž¬μ‚°λ³΄λ‹€ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
11:22
The next one, many of you know.
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λ‹€μŒμ€ λ§Žμ€ 뢄듀이 μ•„μ‹œλŠ” κ±°μ—μš”.
11:25
I talked about it a little at Oxford two years ago,
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2λ…„μ „ μ˜₯μŠ€ν¬λ“œμ—μ„œ 쑰금 μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
and some of you visited A to Z manufacturing,
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€‘ λͺ‡λͺ‡μ€ A to Z μ œμ‘°μ‚¬λ₯Ό κ°€ 보신적이 μžˆμœΌμ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
which is one of the great, real companies in East Africa.
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λ™μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ νšŒμ‚¬λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ 곳을 말이죠.
11:34
It's another one that lives at the confluence of health and enterprise.
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이곳이 κ³΅κ³΅μ˜λ£Œμ‚¬μ—…κ³Ό κΈ°μ—…μ˜ 사이에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
And this is really a story about a public-private solution
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μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ€ 곡곡/λ―Όκ°„μ˜ 해결책이
11:43
that has really worked.
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μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 이루어진 μ‹€ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:45
It started in Japan. Sumitomo had developed a technology
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이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 슀미λͺ¨ν† μ”¨λŠ”
11:49
essentially to impregnate a polyethylene-based fiber with organic insecticide,
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ν΄λ¦¬μ—ν‹Έλ Œ 기반의 μ„¬μœ μ™€ μœ κΈ°λ† μ‚΄μΆ©μ œλ₯Ό ν•©μΉ˜λŠ” μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ κ°œλ°œμ„ ν•˜κ²Œλ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
11:53
so you could create a bed net,
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이것은 λͺ¨κΈ°μž₯을 λ§Œλ“€μˆ˜ 있게 ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
11:55
a malaria bed net, that would last five years and not need to be re-dipped.
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μ΅œμ†Œ 5λ…„λ™μ•ˆ μ“Έ 수 있고 λ‹€μ‹œ μ•½ν’ˆμ²˜λ¦¬ν•  ν•„μš” μ—†λŠ” 말라리아 λͺ¨κΈ°μž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:58
It could alter the vector, but like Artemisia,
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μ•Œν…Œλ―Έμ‹œμ•„μ™€ 같이
12:01
it had been produced only in East Asia. And as part of its social responsibility,
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λ™μ•„μ‹œμ•„μ—μ„œλ§Œ μƒμ‚°λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ±…μž„μ˜ μΌλΆ€λ‘œμ¨
12:05
Sumitomo said, "Why don't we experiment
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슀미λͺ¨ν† λŠ” "아프리카인을 μœ„ν•΄ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ 생산할 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€
12:07
with whether we can produce it in Africa, for Africans?"
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•΄λ³΄λŠ”κ²Œ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ" 라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
UNICEF came forward and said, "We'll buy most of the nets,
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μœ λ‹ˆμ„Έν”„κ°€ λ‚˜μ„œμ„œ λ§ν•˜κΈΈ "μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 망을 κ΅¬μž…ν•΄μ„œ
12:13
and then we'll give them away, as part of the global fund's
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ꡭ제기금과 UN의 μž„μ‚°λΆ€μ™€ 아이듀에 λŒ€ν•œ ν—Œμ‹ μ˜ μΌν™˜μœΌλ‘œ
12:16
and the U.N.'s commitment to pregnant women and children, for free."
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λ¬΄μƒκ³΅κΈ‰ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 라고 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:22
Acumen came in with the patient capital,
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μ•„νλ©˜μ΄ 인내 μžλ³Έμ„ 가지고 μ™”κ³ 
12:25
and we also helped to identify the entrepreneur
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λ˜ν•œ 저희도 μ—¬κΈ° μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ ν•¨κ»˜ 일할
12:27
that we would all partner with here in Africa,
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기업가듀을 μ°ΎλŠ”κ²ƒμ„ 도왔고,
12:30
and Exxon provided the initial resin.
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엑손이 초기 resin을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:33
Well, in looking around for entrepreneurs,
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음, 기업가듀을 μ°ΎλŠ” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ
12:35
there was none better that we could find on earth than Anuj Shah,
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더이상 쒋은곳을 μ°ΎκΈ° μ–΄λ €μš΄ 곳을 μ°Ύμ•˜λŠ”λ° 그곳은
12:38
in A to Z manufacturing company.
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A to Z μ œμ‘°νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ μ•„λˆ„μ¦ˆ μƒ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
It's a 40-year-old company, it understands manufacturing.
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40년이 된 이 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” μ œμ‘°μ—…μ„ 잘 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:43
It's gone from socialist Tanzania into capitalist Tanzania,
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이 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” νƒ„μžλ‹ˆμ•„κ°€ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜μ—μ„œ μžλ³Έμ£Όμ˜κ°€ λ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ²ͺμ—ˆμœΌλ©°
12:46
and continued to flourish. It had about 1,000 employees when we first found it.
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계속 λ²ˆμ°½ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 저희가 이 νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό 처음 μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμ„λ•Œ 벌써 1,000μ—¬λͺ…에 λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 직원이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
And so, Anuj took the entrepreneurial risk here in Africa
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그리고 μ•„λˆ„μ¦ˆλŠ” 이곳 μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œμ˜ κΈ°μ—…κ°€μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό 지고
12:54
to produce a public good that was purchased by the aid establishment
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말라리아와 μ‹Έμš°κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 지원기관이
12:59
to work with malaria.
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κ΅¬μž…ν•  곡곡재λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:02
And, long story short, again, they've been so successful.
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그리고 짧게 λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄ 그듀은 λ‹€μ‹œ 성곡을 κ±°λ‘μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
In our first year, the first net went off the line in October of 2003.
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첫 해인 2003λ…„ 10월에 첫 그물망이 μƒμ‚°λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:10
We thought the hitting-it-out-of-the-box number was 150,000 nets a year.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§Œμ•½ 맀년 15만개의 그물을 μƒμ‚°ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 이미 상상을 μ΄ˆμ›”ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:15
This year, they are now producing eight million nets a year,
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μ˜¬ν•΄μ—λŠ” 800만개의 그물망을 μƒμ‚°ν•˜κ³  있으며
13:18
and they employ 5,000 people, 90 percent of whom are women, mostly unskilled.
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5,000λͺ…을 κ³ μš©ν–ˆλŠ”λ° 이쀑 90%κ°€ 여성이며 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ 기술이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:23
They're in a joint venture with Sumitomo.
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그듀은 슀미λͺ¨ν† μ™€ ν•©μž‘νˆ¬μžλ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
And so, from an enterprise perspective for Africa,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 아프리카λ₯Ό 기업적인 관점,
13:29
and from a public health perspective, these are real successes.
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곡곡보건의 κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³Όλ•Œ μ™„μ „νžˆ 성곡이라고 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:32
But it's only half the story if we're really looking at solving problems of poverty,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λΉˆκ³€ν•΄κ²°λ§Œμ„ 바라보고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
13:36
because it's not long-term sustainable.
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μž₯μ‹œκ°„λ™μ•ˆ 지속적인 μ„±μž₯이 μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ°˜ν† λ§‰μ§œλ¦¬ 이야기에 μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
It's a company with one big customer.
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이 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” 큰 μ†ŒλΉ„μž ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:40
And if avian flu hits, or for any other reason
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λ§Œμ•½ μ‘°λ₯˜λ…감이 μœ ν–‰ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ ν˜Ήμ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 이유둜
13:44
the world decides that malaria is no longer as much of a priority, everybody loses.
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세계가 λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„λ¬Έμ œμ— 무게λ₯Ό 두지 μ•ŠκΈ°λ‘œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ‹€νŒ¨ν• κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:49
And so, Anuj and Acumen
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ•„λˆ„μ¦ˆμ™€ 어큐맨은
13:52
have been talking about testing the private sector,
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λ―Όκ°„λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:55
because the assumption that the aid establishment has made is that,
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지원기관이 μΆ”μΈ‘ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό
14:00
look, in a country like Tanzania,
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νƒ„μžλ‹ˆμ•„κ°™μ€ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œλŠ”
14:02
80 percent of the population makes less than two dollars a day.
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인ꡬ쀑 80νΌμ„ΌνŠΈκ°€ ν•˜λ£¨μ— 2 λ‹¬λŸ¬ 이상을 λ²Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ³  있고,
14:04
It costs, at manufacturing point, six dollars to produce these,
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μ œμ‘°μ—…μ˜ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ λ³Όλ•Œ 이 μƒν’ˆλ“€μ€ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ”λ° 6 λ‹¬λŸ¬κ°€ λ“€κ³ 
14:08
and it costs the establishment another six dollars to distribute it,
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기관이 이 물건듀을 λ‚˜λˆ μ£ΌλŠ”λ° 6 λ‹¬λŸ¬κ°€ λ“€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
14:13
so the market price in a free market would be about 12 dollars per net.
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μžμœ μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œμ˜ μ‹œμž₯가격은 κ·Έλ¬Όλ‹Ή 12 λ‹¬λŸ¬κ°€ λ˜μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”λ°
14:17
Most people can't afford that, so let's give it away free.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ ν˜•νŽΈμ΄ μ•ˆλ˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 차라리 κ·Έλƒ₯ 무료둜 λ‚˜λˆ μ£Όμž.
14:19
And we said, "Well, there's another option.
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그리고 μ €ν¬λŠ” λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그건 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 선택일 λΏμ΄μ—μš”
14:22
Let's use the market as the best listening device we have, and
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μ‹œμž₯을 우리의 졜고의 청음μž₯치둜 μ‚Όμ•„μ„œ
14:25
understand at what price people would pay for this, so they get the dignity of choice.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆμ— 이 물건을 살지 μ•Œμ•„λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ 그듀은 μ‘΄μ—„μ„±μ˜ μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λΌμš”
14:30
We can start building local distribution,
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μ§€μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°°κΈ‰μ†Œλ₯Ό 짓기 μ‹œμž‘ν•  수 있고
14:32
and actually, it can cost the public sector much less."
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μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 곡곡뢀문에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ λΉ„μš©μ΄ 더 적게 λ“€κ±°μ—μš”"
14:36
And so we came in with a second round of patient capital to A to Z,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ” A to Z νšŒμ‚¬μ— μœ΅μžμ΄λ©΄μ„œλ„ λ™μ‹œμ— 보쑰금인 λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ 인내 μžλ³Έμ„ 가지고 μ°Ύμ•„κ°”κ³ ,
14:40
a loan as well as a grant, so that A to Z could play with pricing
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A to ZνšŒμ‚¬λŠ” μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ 가격변동에 λ”°λ₯Έ λ°˜μ‘μ„ μ‚΄ν”Όλ©΄μ„œ
14:44
and listen to the marketplace, and found a number of things.
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μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:47
One, that people will pay different prices,
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첫번째, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 가격을 μ§€λΆˆν•˜λŠ”λ°
14:49
but the overwhelming number of people will come forth at one dollar per net
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압도적인 숫자의 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ·Έλ¬Όλ‹Ή 1 λ‹¬λŸ¬μΌλ•Œ λ‚˜μ„œμ„œ
14:53
and make a decision to buy it.
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κ΅¬λ§€ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:55
And when you listen to them, they'll also have a lot to say
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그리고 그듀이 ν•˜λŠ”λ§μ„ 듀어보면
14:58
about what they like and what they don't like.
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무엇이 μ’‹κ³  λ‚˜μœμ§€μ—λŒ€ν•œ 의견이 많고
15:00
And that some of the channels we thought would work didn't work.
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저희가 μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°μ— ν†΅μš©λ  것 κ°™λ˜ λͺ‡λͺ‡ 방법듀이 μ†Œμš©μ—†κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:04
But because of this experimentation and iteration that was allowed
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ‹€ν—˜κ³Ό μ‹€ν—˜μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅μ€
15:07
because of the patient capital,
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인내 자본이 μžˆκΈ°μ— κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆκ³ ,
15:09
we've now found that it costs about a dollar in the private sector
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μ €ν¬λŠ” λ―Όκ°„ λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ 그물을 λΆ„λ°°ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ•½ 1 λ‹¬λŸ¬ κ°€λŸ‰μ˜ λΉ„μš©μ΄ λ“€κ³ 
15:12
to distribute, and a dollar to buy the net.
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κ΅¬λ§€ν•˜λŠ”λ° 1 λ‹¬λŸ¬λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:14
So then, from a policy perspective, when you start with the market,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 정책적인 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ 당신이 이 μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ 사업을 ν•˜λ €κ³  ν• λ•Œ
15:18
we have a choice.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 선택을 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅γ„΄λ‹€.
15:19
We can continue going along at 12 dollars a net, and the customer pays zero,
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ 12λ‹¬λŸ¬μ— 그물을 μƒμ‚°ν•˜κ³  μ†ŒλΉ„μžμ˜ 뢀담을 제둜둜 λ§Œλ“€κ±°λ‚˜,
15:25
or we could at least experiment with some of it, to charge one dollar a net,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μΌλΆ€μ—κ²Œ κ·Έλ¬Όλ‹Ή 1 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ 가격을 λ§€κΈ°λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κ³ 
15:31
costing the public sector another six dollars a net,
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κ³΅κ³΅λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ 6 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ λΉ„μš©μ„ μ§€κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
15:34
give the people the dignity of choice, and have a distribution system
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ‘΄μ—„μ„±μ˜ μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ—
15:38
that might, over time, start sustaining itself.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 점차 흐λ₯΄λ©΄μ„œ 자체적으둜 μœ μ§€ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ” λΆ„λ°° μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ μƒκΈ°κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:41
We've got to start having conversations like this,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 이런 λŒ€ν™”λ₯Ό κ°€κΈΈ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
15:43
and I don't think there's any better way to start than using the market,
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μ‹œμž₯을 μ΄μš©ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό 뢈러 올 수 μžˆλŠ”
15:47
but also to bring other people to the table around it.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–΄λ– ν•œ 기초λ₯Ό μ„ΈμšΈ 더 쒋은 방법이 μ—†λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:51
Whenever I go to visit A to Z, I think of my grandmother, Stella.
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μ œκ°€ A to Zλ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ „ μŠ€ν…”λΌ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ₯Ό λ– μ˜¬λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:58
She was very much like those women sitting behind the sewing machines.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μž¬λ΄‰ν‹€ 뒀에 μ•‰μ•„μžˆλŠ” μ—¬μ„±λ“€κ³Ό 맀우 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:03
She grew up on a farm in Austria, very poor,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ ν•œ 농μž₯μ—μ„œ 맀우 κ°€λ‚œν•˜κ²Œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚¬κ³ 
16:05
didn't have very much education.
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λ§Žμ€ κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:07
She moved to the United States, where she met my grandfather,
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ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” 미ꡭ으둜 κ°”κ³  λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ‹œλ©˜νŠΈ μš΄λ°˜μˆ˜μ˜€λ˜
16:09
who was a cement hauler,
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할아버지λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:11
and they had nine children. Three of them died as babies.
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아홉λͺ…μ˜ μžμ‹μ„ λ‚³μ•˜κ³  셋이 μœ μ•„κΈ°μ— μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:17
My grandmother had tuberculosis, and she worked in a sewing machine shop,
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ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” 결핡을 μ•“μœΌμ…¨κ³  μž¬λ΄‰κ°€κ²Œμ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λ©°
16:20
making shirts for about 10 cents an hour.
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μ‹œκ°„λ‹Ή 10μ„ΌνŠΈμ •λ„λ₯Ό λ°›μœΌλ©° μ…”μΈ λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:23
She, like so many of the women I see at A to Z,
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A to Zμ—μ„œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ—¬μ„±λ“€κ³Ό κ°™μ•˜λ˜ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ”
16:27
worked hard every day, understood what suffering was,
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맀일 μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μΌν–ˆμœΌλ©° κ³ λ‚œμ΄ 무엇인지λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜κ³ 
16:30
had a deep faith in God, loved her children
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ν•˜λ‚˜λ‹˜μ—κ²Œ 큰 믿음일 가지며 μžμ‹λ“€μ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μš΄λ°
16:33
and would never have accepted a handout.
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μ§€μ›κΈˆμ„ μ „ν˜€ λ°›μœΌλ €κ³  ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:36
But because she had the opportunity of the marketplace,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
16:40
and she lived in a society that provided the safety
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 감당할 수 μžˆλŠ” μ˜λ£Œμ™€ ꡐ윑의 이용이
16:43
of having access to affordable health and education,
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μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 보μž₯된 μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
16:47
her children and their children were able to live
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μžλ…€λ“€κ³Ό 쑰손듀이
16:51
lives of real purpose and follow real dreams.
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μ§„μ •ν•œ λͺ©μ μ΄ 있고 μ§„μ •ν•œ κΏˆμ„ λ”°λ₯΄λŠ” 삢을 μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:54
I look around at my siblings and my cousins -- and as I said,
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μ „ 제 μžλ…€λ“€κ³Ό μ‚¬μ΄Œλ“€μ„ 쀑에 -- μ œκ°€ λ§ν–ˆλ˜ 것 처럼
16:58
there are a lot of us --
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ --
17:00
and I see teachers and musicians, hedge fund managers, designers.
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μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€, μŒμ•…κ°€λ“€, ν—€μ§€νŽ€λ“œ λ§€λ‹ˆμ €λ“€, λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆλ“€μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:06
One sister who makes other people's wishes come true.
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λ‹€λ₯Έμ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ†Œμ›μ„ μ„±μ·¨ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” ν•œ μ–Έλ‹ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:09
And my wish, when I see those women, I meet those farmers,
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이 여성듀을 보고 이 농뢀듀을 λ§Œλ‚˜λ©°
17:14
and I think about all the people across this continent
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이 λŒ€λ₯™μ„ κ°€λ‘œμ§ˆλŸ¬ 맀일 μ„±μ‹€νžˆ μΌν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μƒκ°ν•˜λ©°
17:17
who are working hard every day,
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λ°”λΌλŠ” 제 μ†Œμ›μ€
17:19
is that they have that sense of opportunity and possibility,
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그듀이 κΈ°νšŒμ™€ κ°€λŠ₯성을 바라보고
17:23
and that they also can believe and get access to services,
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곡곡 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ 사업을 믿게 되고 μ΄μš©ν• μˆ˜ 있게 λ˜μ–΄
17:28
so that their children, too, can live those lives of great purpose.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μžλ…€λ“€ λ˜ν•œ 큰 λͺ©μ μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 삢을 μ‚΄ 수 있게 λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:32
It shouldn't be that difficult.
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μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일은 아닐 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:34
But what it takes is a commitment from all of us
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 정말 ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은 우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ ν—Œμ‹ μ΄
17:38
to essentially refuse trite assumptions,
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우리의 μ§„λΆ€ν•œ 좔츑듀을 근본적으둜 κ±°λΆ€ν•˜κ³ 
17:42
get out of our ideological boxes.
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이데올둜기의 κ³ μ •κ΄€λ…μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:45
It takes investing in those entrepreneurs that are committed
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이런 곡곡사업 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ— μ „λ…ν•˜κ³  λ˜ν•œ 성곡을 μ΄λ£¨λŠ” κΈ°μ—…κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ
17:48
to service as well as to success.
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νˆ¬μžκ°€ 이루어져야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:52
It takes opening your arms, both, wide,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ–‘νŒ”μ„ λ„“κ²Œ 벌렀
17:55
and expecting very little love in return,
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μ•„μ£Ό 쑰그만 μ‚¬λž‘λ§Œμ΄ λŒμ•„μ˜¬ 것을 μ˜ˆμƒν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³ 
17:58
but demanding accountability,
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λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ μ±…μž„κ°μ„ μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λ©°
18:00
and bringing the accountability to the table as well.
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κ·Έ μ±…μž„μ„ μ§€κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:03
And most of all, most of all,
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그리고 κ·Έμ€‘μ—μ„œ, 무엇보닀도
18:06
it requires that all of us have the courage and the patience,
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μš©κΈ°μ™€ 인내심을 κ°€μ§€κ²Œ 되고
18:10
whether we are rich or poor, African or non-African,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λΆ€μœ ν•˜λ“ μ§€ κ°€λ‚œν•˜λ“ μ§€, 아프리카인이든지 아프리카인이 μ•„λ‹ˆλ“ μ§€,
18:13
local or diaspora, left or right,
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ν˜„μ§€μΈμ΄λ“ μ§€ 타지인이든지, μ’Œμ΅μ΄λ“ μ§€ μš°μ΅μ΄λ“ μ§€
18:16
to really start listening to each other.
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μ„œλ‘œμ—κ²Œ μ΄μ œλŠ” κ·€λ₯Ό 기울이기 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:18
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:20
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜κ°ˆμ±„)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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