Bart Knols: Cheese, dogs and a pill to kill mosquitoes and end malaria

21,598 views ・ 2015-07-15

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Woo Hwang
00:12
(Mosquito buzzing)
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(λͺ¨κΈ°μ†Œλ¦¬)
00:22
(Swat)
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(μ°°μ‹Ή!)
00:25
Gotcha.
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μž‘μ•˜λ‹€!
00:27
Mosquitoes.
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μ „ λͺ¨κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‹«μ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
I hate them.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ 그렇지 μ•Šλ‚˜μš”?
00:32
Don't you?
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00:33
That awful buzzing sound at night around your ears
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밀쀑에 귓가에 μšΈλ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ”μ°ν•œ μœ™μœ™λŒ€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬
00:36
that drives you absolutely crazy?
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μ •λ§λ‘œ 미쳐버릴 것 같지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
λͺ¨κΈ°κ°€ 우리 피뢀에 λ°”λŠ˜μ„ κΌ½κ³ 
00:39
Knowing that she wants to stick a needle in your skin
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00:41
and suck out your blood?
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ν”Όλ₯Ό λΉ¨κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄ μ°Έ λ”μ°ν•΄μš”. 그렇지 μ•Šμ•„μš”?
00:43
That's awful, right?
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00:45
In fact, there's only one good thing I can think of when it gets to mosquitoes.
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사싀, 제 μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ λͺ¨κΈ°λΌλŠ” 것을 생각해보면
λ”± ν•˜λ‚˜ 쒋은 점이 있긴 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
When they fly into our bedroom at night,
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λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ 밀쀑에 침싀을 λ‚ μ•„λ‹€λ‹λ•Œ 보면
00:53
they prefer to bite my wife.
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제 와이프λ₯Ό λ¬΄λŠ” 것을 더 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”.
00:55
(Laughter)
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00:56
But that's fascinating, right?
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그런데 이것 μ°Έ μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:58
Why does she receive more bites than I do?
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μ™œ 와이프가 저보닀 더 많이 λ¬Όλ¦΄κΉŒμš”?
01:02
And the answer is smell,
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κ·Έ 닡은 λƒ„μƒˆ, λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ²΄μ·¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
the smell of her body.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹€λ₯Έ 체취λ₯Ό 가지고 있고
01:07
And since we all smell different and produce chemicals on our skin
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λͺ¨κΈ°λ₯Ό λŒμ–΄λͺ¨μœΌκ±°λ‚˜ λ‚΄μ«“λŠ” ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ ν”ΌλΆ€μ—μ„œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
01:11
that either attract or repel mosquitoes,
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01:13
some of us are just more attractive than others.
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우리 쀑 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€ λͺ¨κΈ°μ—κ²Œ 더 맀λ ₯적인 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
So my wife smells nicer than I do, or I just stink more than she does.
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그리고 제 μ™€μ΄ν”„λŠ” 저보닀 더 쒋은 λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λ‚˜λ‚˜λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄, μ œκ°€ 더 μ—­κ²¨μš΄ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό ν’κΈ°λŠ” 것인지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
01:23
Either way, mosquitoes find us in the dark by sniffing us out. They smell us.
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μ–΄μ°Œλλ“ , λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ€ μ–΄λ‘ μ†μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ„
λƒ„μƒˆλ‘œ μ°Ύμ•„λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
And during my PhD, I wanted to know exactly
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박사과정 쀑에, μ „ λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ 우리의 ν”ΌλΆ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”
μ •ν™•νžˆ μ–΄λ–€ ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ κ°μ§€ν•΄λ‚΄λŠ”μ§€ κΆκΈˆν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
what chemicals from our skin African malaria mosquitoes use
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 말라리아 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ€ ν•œλ°€μ€‘μ—λ„ μ •ν™•νžˆ 우리λ₯Ό μΆ”μ ν•΄λ‚΄κ±°λ“ μš”.
01:37
to track us down at night.
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그듀이 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 합성물이 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
And there's a whole range of compounds that they do use.
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01:42
And this was not going to be an easy task.
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μ ˆλŒ€ μ‰¬μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
And therefore we set up various experiments.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이런 μ‹€ν—˜λ“€μ„ μ™œ ν•˜λƒκ΅¬μš”?
01:49
Why did we set up these experiments?
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01:51
Because half the world's population
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 전세계 인ꡬ의 λ°˜μ΄μƒμ΄
01:54
runs the risk of contracting a killer disease like malaria
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ λͺ¨κΈ°μ— ν•œλ²ˆ λ¬Όλ¦° 것 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 말라리아같은
01:58
through a simple mosquito bite.
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죽음의 μ§ˆλ³‘μ— 걸릴 μœ„ν—˜μ— λ†“μ—¬μžˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
Every 30 seconds, somewhere on this planet,
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이 지ꡬ μ–΄λ”˜κ°€μ—μ„œ 30μ΄ˆμ— ν•œλͺ…μ”©
02:03
a child dies of malaria,
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아이 ν•œλͺ…이 λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„λ‘œ μ£½μ–΄κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘 아침에 폴 λ ˆλΉ„κ°€
02:05
and Paul Levy this morning, he was talking about the metaphor
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727κΈ°(λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°)κ°€ 미ꡭ에 μΆ”λ½ν•˜λŠ” μ€μœ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:08
of the 727 crashing into the United States.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 맀일 점보747κΈ° 7λŒ€κ°€ μΆ©λŒν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒνΌμ˜
02:11
Well, in Africa, we have the equivalent of seven jumbo 747s
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02:16
crashing every day.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ–΄κ°€κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”
02:19
But perhaps if we can attract these mosquitoes to traps,
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λ§Œμ•½μ— μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이런 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ„ λƒ„μƒˆλ‘œ μœ μΈν•΄μ„œ
02:22
bait it with our smell,
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μž‘μ„ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, μ§ˆλ³‘μ˜ μ „νŒŒλ₯Ό 멈좜 수
02:24
we may be able to stop transmission of disease.
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μžˆμ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 퍼즐을 ν‘ΈλŠ” 것은 μ‰¬μš΄ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Now, solving this puzzle was not an easy thing,
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02:30
because we produce hundreds of different chemicals on the skin,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ€ ν”ΌλΆ€μ—μ„œ 수백개의 ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κ±°λ“ μš”
02:33
but we undertook some remarkable experiments
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 퍼즐을 맀우 빨리 ν’€μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”
λͺ‡κ°€μ§€ λ†€λž„λ§Œν•œ μ‹€ν—˜λ“€μ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
that managed us to resolve this puzzle very quickly indeed.
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02:39
First, we observed that not all mosquito species
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λ¨Όμ €, λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ μ „λΆ€ μ‹ μ²΄μ˜ 같은 λΆ€μœ„λ§Œμ„ λ¬΄λŠ” 것이
02:42
bite on the same part of the body.
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μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 것을 κ΄€μ°°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹ κΈ°ν•˜κ²Œλ„ 말이죠
02:45
Strange.
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02:46
So we set up an experiment
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ€€λΉ„ν–ˆμ£ 
02:48
where we put a naked volunteer in a large cage,
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λ°œκ°€λ²—κΈ΄ μ§€μ›μžλ₯Ό μ»€λ‹€λž€ μš°λ¦¬μ— λ„£κ³ 
02:51
(Laughter)
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κ·Έ μ•ˆμ— λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ„ ν’€μ–΄λ†¨μ–΄μš”
02:52
and in that cage, we released mosquitoes
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02:55
to see where they were biting on the body of that person.
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λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ–΄λŠ λΆ€μœ„λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ–΄λŒ€λŠ”μ§€ 보기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 말이죠
02:58
And we found some remarkable differences.
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그리고 λͺ‡κ°€μ§€ μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” 점듀을 μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
On the left here you see the bites
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μ™Όμͺ½ 그림을 λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄
λ„€λœλž€λ“œμ˜ 말라리아 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ€
03:04
by the Dutch malaria mosquito on this person.
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03:06
They had a very strong preference for biting on the face.
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얼꡴을 λ¬΄λŠ” 것을 맀우 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
In contrast, the African malaria mosquito
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λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ, μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 말라리아 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ€
발λͺ©κ³Ό λ°œμ„ λ¬Όμ–΄λŒ€λŠ” 것을 μ•„μ£Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ£ 
03:12
had a very strong preference for biting the ankles and feet of this person.
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03:17
And that, of course, we should have known all along,
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사싀 우린 이 사싀을 κ½€ μ˜€λž˜μ „λΆ€ν„° μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”
03:20
because they're called mosqui-toes, you see?
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λͺ¨κΈ°κ°€ 달리 Mosqui-"toes"(발)이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? (μ›ƒμŒ)
03:23
(Laughter)
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03:24
That's right.
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κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ°•μˆ˜ν™˜ν˜Έ)
03:25
(Applause)
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°œλƒ„μƒˆμ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ£ 
03:28
And so we started focusing on the smell of feet ...
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03:33
on the smell of human feet,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ°œλƒ„μƒˆ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€κ°€ 우린 μ–΄λ–€ λ¬Έν•™μž‘ν’ˆμ—μ„œ μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” 글을 μ ‘ν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
03:35
until we came across a remarkable statement in the literature
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03:38
that said that cheese smells after feet
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μΉ˜μ¦ˆκ°€ λ°œλƒ„μƒˆλ³΄λ‹€ 더 λ…ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ΄μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
03:42
rather than the reverse.
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μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”
03:44
Think of it.
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03:46
And this triggered us to do a remarkable experiment.
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이 λ°œμƒμ€ μš°λ¦¬ν•˜κ²Œ μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμ§€μš”
03:48
We tried, with a tiny little piece of Limburger cheese,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό μ‹¬ν•œ λ°œλƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λ‚˜λŠ”
μž‘μ€ λ¦Όλ²„κ±°μΉ˜μ¦ˆμ‘°κ°μœΌλ‘œ (*μ—­μ£Ό: 벨기에 μ‚°μ˜ μΉ˜μ¦ˆμ’…λ₯˜)
03:53
which smells badly after feet,
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아프리카 말라리아 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ„ μœ μΈν•΄ λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
to attract African malaria mosquitoes.
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03:58
And you know what? It worked.
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μ–΄λ• μ„κΉŒμš”? 그게 λ¨Ήνžˆλ”κ΅°μš”!
사싀, λ„ˆλ¬΄ 잘 λ¨Ήν˜€μ„œ μ§€κΈˆμ€ 림버거 치즈ν–₯이 λ‚˜λŠ”
04:01
In fact, it worked so well
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04:04
that now we have a synthetic mixture of the aroma of Limburger cheese
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화학합성물을 νƒ„μžλ‹ˆμ•„μ—μ„œ μ΄μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
that we're using in Tanzania
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04:10
and has been shown there
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€ν•œν…ŒλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ³΄λ‹€ λ‘μ„Έλ°°λŠ”
04:12
to be two to three times more attractive to mosquitoes than humans.
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더 μœ ν˜Ήμ μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμ£ 
04:16
Limburg, be proud of your cheese,
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림버그, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μΉ˜μ¦ˆμ— 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:20
as it is now used in the fight against malaria.
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그것은 이제 말라리아에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©λ˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”
04:23
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:30
That's the cheese, just to show you.
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자, 이게 κ·Έ μΉ˜μ¦ˆμ—μš”. κ·Έλƒ₯ ν•œλ²ˆ λ³΄μ‹œλΌκ΅¬μš”.
04:33
My second story is remarkable as well.
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제 λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ 이야기 μ—­μ‹œ μ°Έ λ†€λž„ λ§Œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:36
It's about man's best friend. It's about dogs.
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그건 μΈκ°„μ˜ 졜고의 친ꡬ, κ°œμ— λŒ€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
And I will show you how we can use dogs in the fight against malaria.
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μ΄μ œλΆ€ν„° μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°œλ“€μ„
말라리아에 λ§žμ„œκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:44
One of the best ways of killing mosquitoes
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λͺ¨κΈ°λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 방법 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€
04:47
is not to wait until they fly around like adults
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그듀이 성좩이 λ˜μ–΄ λ‚ μ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©΄μ„œ
μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ¬Όκ³  μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ 퍼뜨릴 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 기닀리지 μ•Šκ³ 
04:51
and bite people and transmit disease.
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04:53
It's to kill them when they're still in the water as larvae.
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아직 유좩으둜 물속에 μžˆμ„λ•Œ μ£½μ΄λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
Why?
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μ™œλƒκ΅¬μš”? κ·Έ λ†ˆλ“€μ€ CIA 같은 κ²ƒμ΄κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:59
Because they are just like the CIA.
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05:02
In that pool of water, these larvae are concentrated.
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μœ μΆ©λ“€μ€ λ¬Ό 웅덩이 μ†μ—μ„œ λ­‰μ³μ„œ μ„œμ‹ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
They're all together there. They are immobile.
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λͺ¨λ‘ λͺ¨μ—¬μžˆμ£ . 움직이지도 μ•Šμ•„μš”
05:09
They can't escape from that water.
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λ¬Όλ°–μœΌλ‘œ νƒˆμΆœν•  μˆ˜λ„, λ‚  μˆ˜λ„ μ—†μ–΄μš”.
05:10
They can't fly.
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05:12
And they're accessible.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 접근이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έμ € μ›…λ©μ΄λ‘œ λ‹€κ°€κ°€μ„œ
05:15
You can actually walk up to that pool and you can kill them there, right?
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그듀을 μ‹Ή 죽일 수 μžˆλŠ”κ±°μ£ . μ–΄λ•Œμš”?
05:20
So the problem that we face with this
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§λ©΄ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
05:23
is that, throughout the landscape, all these pools of water with the larvae,
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μœ μΆ©λ“€μ΄ μ‚΄ λ§Œν•œ 웅덩이듀이
05:27
they are scattered all over the place,
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여기저기에 λΆ„μ‚°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
which makes it very hard for an inspector like this
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 μ‚¬μ§„μ²˜λŸΌ 검사원듀이 λͺ¨λ“  μ„œμ‹μ§€λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„μ„œ
05:32
to actually find all these breeding sites and treat them with insecticides.
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약을 μ‚΄ν¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ–΄λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μž‘λ…„μ— μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆμ„μ§€
05:37
And last year we thought very, very hard, how can we resolve this problem?
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정말 μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ κ³ λ―Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μ•Œκ²Œ 된 것이
05:41
Until we realized that just like us -- we have a unique smell --
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ²˜λŸΌ λͺ¨κΈ° μœ μΆ©λ“€ μ—­μ‹œ
맀우 λ…νŠΉν•œ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
mosquito larvae also have a very unique smell.
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05:50
And so we set up another crazy experiment,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우린 λ˜λ‹€λ₯Έ ν™©λ‹Ήν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ€€λΉ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
because we collected the smell of these larvae,
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이 μœ μΆ©λ“€μ˜ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό λͺ¨μ•„μ„œ
μ²œμ—λ‹€ 묻힌 λ‹€μŒμ—, 그걸둜 μ•„μ£Ό λ†€λž„λ§Œν•œ 짓을 ν–ˆμ§€μš”
05:55
put it on pieces of cloth, and then did something very remarkable.
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05:58
Here we have a bar with four holes
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여기에 4개의 ꡬ멍이 뚫린 λ‚˜λ¬΄νŒμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
and we put the smell of these larvae in the left hole.
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제일 μ™Όμͺ½μ— λͺ¨κΈ°μœ μΆ©λ“€μ˜ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό λ„£μ–΄λ†¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
Oh, that was very quick.
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였. (화면이) 빨리 λ„˜μ–΄κ°€λ„€μš”.
06:05
And then you see the dog. It's called Tweed. It's a border collie.
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μ—¬κΈ° κ°œκ°€ λ³΄μ΄μ‹œμ£ ? νŠΈμœ„λ“œλΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ³΄λ”μ½œλ¦¬μ§€μš”
νŠΈμœ„λ“œλŠ” 이 ꡬ멍듀을 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 벌써 λ‹€ν–ˆλ„€μš”.
06:08
He's examining these holes and now he's got it already.
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ꡬ멍듀을 λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ κ²€μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
He's going back to check the control holes again,
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06:13
but he's coming back to the first one,
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κ²°κ΅­ 첫번째 ꡬ멍으둜 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
이제 νŠΈμœ„λ“œλŠ” 이 λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό 읡히고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
and now he's locking into that smell,
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06:17
which means that now, we can use dogs with these inspectors
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λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄ 이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이런 검사λŠ₯λ ₯을 가진 κ°œλ“€μ„
μ΄μš©ν•΄ λ²ŒνŒμ— 널린 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ˜ μ„œμ‹μ§€λ₯Ό
06:20
to much better find the breeding sites of mosquitoes in the field,
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훨씬 더 잘 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
and therefore have a much bigger impact on malaria.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 말라리아에 훨씬 큰 타격을 쀄 수 있죠.
06:27
This lady is Ellen van der Zweep.
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이 μˆ™λ…€λΆ„μ€ μ—˜λ Œ 반 데어 지프 λΌλŠ” λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ 세계 졜고의 개 쑰련사 쀑 ν•œ λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
She's one of the best dog trainers in the world,
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μ—˜λ Œμ€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 λ§Žμ€ 것을 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
and she believes that we can do a lot more.
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말라리아 기생좩을 λ³΄μœ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
06:34
Since we also know that people that carry malaria parasites
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06:37
smell different compared to people that are uninfected,
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κ°μ—Όλ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό μ•½κ°„ λ‹€λ₯Έ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό ν’κΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
she's convinced that we can train dogs to find people that carry the parasite.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 개λ₯Ό ν›ˆλ ¨μ‹œμΌœμ„œ
이런 기생좩 λ³΄μœ μžλ“€μ„ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
That means that in a population where malaria has gone down all the way
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λ‹€μ‹œ 말해 말라리아가 계속 쀄어듀고 있고
기생좩 λ³΄μœ μžλ„ 거의 μ—†λŠ” 그런 κ³³μ—μ„œ
06:50
and there's few people remaining with parasites,
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06:52
that the dogs can find these people,
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κ°œλ“€μ€ 이런 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:54
we can treat them with antimalarial drugs and give the final blow to malaria.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이런 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ ν•­λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„μ œλ‘œ μΉ˜λ£Œν•΄ 말라리아에 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 일격을 κ°€ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
Man's best friend in the fight against malaria.
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말라리아에 λŒ€ν•­ν•΄ μ‹Έμš°λŠ” 인λ₯˜μ˜ λ²—
μ„Έλ²ˆμ§Έ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ 훨씬 더 λ†€λž„λ§Œν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:02
My third story is perhaps even more remarkable ...
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또, μ•„μ§κΉŒμ§€λŠ” λŒ€μ€‘μ—κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦° 적이 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
and, I should say, has never been shown to the public until today.
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07:08
(Audience cheers)
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07:09
Yeah.
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예~
07:11
It's a crazy story, but I believe it's perhaps the best and ultimate revenge
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이건 μ •μ‹ λ‚˜κ°„ 말일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, μ „ 이것이 μ•„λ§ˆλ„
μ΄μ œκΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨κΈ°μ—κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 것 쀑 κ°€μž₯ 멋지고 ꢁ극적인 볡수라고 λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
against mosquitoes ever.
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07:18
In fact, people have told me
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사싀, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ΄μ œλΆ€ν„° λͺ¨κΈ°μ—κ²Œ λ¬Όλ¦¬λŠ” 것을
07:19
that now they will enjoy being bitten by mosquitoes.
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즐길 것이라고 말할지도 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
And the question of course is,
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λ¬Όλ‘  μš”μ μ€, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
07:26
what would make someone enjoy being bitten by mosquitoes?
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λͺ¨κΈ°μ— λ¬Όλ¦¬λŠ” 것을 즐길 수 μžˆμ„ 것인가? μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
And the answer I have right here ...
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그리고 해닡은
μ—¬κΈ° 제 μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ— λ„£μ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:33
in my pocket --
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07:34
(Laughter)
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07:35
if I get it.
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μ–΄λ”” μžˆλ”λΌ.
07:37
It's a tablet.
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이것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ•Œμ•½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:40
A simple tablet,
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07:41
and when I take it with water ...
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μ œκ°€ 이것을 λ¬Όκ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 먹으면
07:44
it does miracles.
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기적이 μΌμ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
Thank you.
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κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš”.
(λ¬Όλ§ˆμ‹œλŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬)
07:56
Now, let me show you how this works.
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이제 이게 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
07:59
Here in this box, I have a cage
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μ—¬κΈ° 이 λ°•μŠ€μ—λŠ” 수백마리의
κ΅Άμ£Όλ¦° μ•”μ»·λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄
08:04
with several hundred hungry female mosquitoes ...
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λ“€μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
(Laughter)
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08:12
that I'm just about to release.
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자 이제 λ†“μ•„μ€˜ λ³ΌκΉŒμš” (μ›ƒμŒ)
08:14
(Laughter)
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08:16
Just kidding, just kidding.
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λ†λ‹΄μ΄μ—μš”. λ†λ‹΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:17
(Laughter)
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08:19
What I'm going to show you is, I'm gonna stick my arm into it
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μ΄μ œλΆ€ν„° 제 νŒ”μ„ 이 λ°•μŠ€μ•ˆμ— λ„£μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:22
and I will show you how quickly they will bite.
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이 녀석듀이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 빨리 λ¬΄λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ‹€κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
자 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:25
There we go.
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κ±±μ •λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. μ „ μ—°κ΅¬μ‹€μ—μ„œ 항상 ν•˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
Don't worry, I do this all the time in the lab.
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08:30
There we go.
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자 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€μΌ€μ΄
08:32
OK.
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08:34
Now, on the video --
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이제, μ—¬κΈ° λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό 톡해
08:37
on the video here,
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08:39
I'm going to show you exactly the same thing,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ μ •ν™•νžˆ 같은 것을 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
단지 λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ—μ„œ λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 것은
08:41
except that what I'm showing you on the video
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08:43
happened one hour after I took the tablet.
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μ•Œμ•½μ„ λ¨Ήκ³  ν•œμ‹œκ°„ 뒀에 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:46
Have a look.
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λ³΄μ„Έμš”. μž‘λ™μ„ μ•ˆν•˜λ‚˜. μ•„, λ―Έμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
That doesn't work.
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08:49
OK. Sorry about that.
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08:51
I'm sticking in my arm, I'm giving them a big juicy blood meal,
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μ§€κΈˆ 제 νŒ”μ„ λ„£κ³  λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ•„μ£Ό 먹음직슀런 ν”Όλ₯Ό μ£Όκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
I'm shaking them off, and we follow them through time
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이제 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ„ 떨어버리고, μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ§€λ‚˜λ©΄
λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ 맀우 병듀고 ν—ˆμ•½ν•΄μ§€λŠ” 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:57
to see these mosquitoes get very, very sick indeed,
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08:59
here shown in fast motion.
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κ³ μ†μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ‹œμ£ 
09:01
And three hours later, what we see at the bottom of the cage
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그리고 3μ‹œκ°„ 뒀에 μƒμžμ˜ λ°”λ‹₯에
죽은 λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:05
is dead mosquitoes ...
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μ™„μ „νžˆ 죽은 λ†ˆλ“€μ΄μ£ . 그리고 이제 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ, 신사 μˆ™λ…€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„
09:08
very dead mosquitoes.
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09:10
And I'm going to say, ladies and gentlemen,
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09:12
we have swapped the cards with mosquitoes.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨κΈ°λ₯Ό 쓸어버릴 μΉ΄λ“œλ₯Ό 가진 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
They don't kill us. We kill them.
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λͺ¨κΈ°λ“€μ΄ 우리λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 그듀을 μ£½μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이제 (μ›ƒμŒ)
09:27
Now --
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09:29
(Laughter)
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09:33
Maastricht, be prepared.
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마슀트리히트, μ€€λΉ„λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이제 μ΄κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 무엇을 ν•  수 μžˆμ„μ§€ μƒκ°ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
09:35
Now, think of what we can do with this.
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09:37
We can actually use this to contain outbreaks
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우린 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 이것을 λͺ¨κΈ°λ‘œ 인해 μƒκ²¨λ‚œ μœ ν–‰μ„± μ§ˆλ³‘λ“€μ„
09:39
of mosquito-born diseases, of epidemics, right?
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λ°•λ©Έν•˜λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
더 멋진 것은, 만일 이것이 κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λœλ‹€λ©΄
09:43
And better still, imagine what would happen
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λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 이 약을 λ¨Ήκ³ 
09:45
if, in a very large area, everyone would take these drugs, for just three weeks.
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λ”± 3μ£Όκ°€ μ§€λ‚˜λ©΄
09:49
That would give us an opportunity
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„λΌλŠ” μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ λ§μ‚΄μ‹œν‚¬
09:51
to actually eliminate malaria as a disease.
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기회λ₯Ό μ–»λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
치즈, 개, 그리고 λͺ¨κΈ°μž‘λŠ” μ•Œμ•½
09:54
So cheese, dogs and a pill to kill mosquitoes.
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09:58
That's the kind of out-of-the-box science that I love doing ...
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이것이 μ œκ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ³Όν•™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
인λ₯˜μ˜ λ²ˆμ˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œ,
10:02
for the betterment of mankind,
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10:04
but especially for her,
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특히 이 μ†Œλ…€κ°€ λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„μ—†λŠ” μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ μžλž„ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
10:05
so that she can grow up in a world without malaria.
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ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ°•μˆ˜)
10:09
Thank you.
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10:10
(Applause)
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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