How we can face the future without fear, together | Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks

270,926 views ใƒป 2017-07-26

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yeonsoo Kwon ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
"These are the times,"
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ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ํŽ˜์ธ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋•Œ์ด๋‹ค."
00:15
said Thomas Paine,
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00:17
"that try men's souls."
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00:19
And they're trying ours now.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ํ˜ผ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:21
This is a fateful moment in the history of the West.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ๊ตฌ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด์ฃ .
00:25
We've seen divisive elections and divided societies.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ„์—ด๋œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋ถ„์—ด๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
We've seen a growth of extremism
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์™€ ์ข…๊ต์—์„œ์˜
00:33
in politics and religion,
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
all of it fueled by anxiety, uncertainty and fear,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ณตํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ฑ„์งˆํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:40
of a world that's changing almost faster than we can bear,
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:46
and the sure knowledge that it's going to change faster still.
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์ง€์‹์€ ๋”์šฑ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I have a friend in Washington.
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์ €๋Š” ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:52
I asked him, what was it like being in America
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์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:54
during the recent presidential election?
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:58
He said to me, "Well,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ
01:00
it was like the man
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"๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
01:03
sitting on the deck of the Titanic
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ€๋‹‰ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ‘ํŒ์—์„œ
01:06
with a glass of whiskey in his hand
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์œ„์Šคํ‚ค ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋“ค๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
01:10
and he's saying, 'I know I asked for ice --
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ผ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๊ธด ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:19
but this is ridiculous.'"
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์ด๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌดํ•˜์ž–์•„.'" ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
So is there something we can do,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์„œ
01:26
each of us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€
01:29
to be able to face the future without fear?
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๋‘๋ ค์›€ ์—†์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งž์ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:32
I think there is.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:34
And one way into it is to see
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
01:36
that perhaps the most simple way into a culture and into an age
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
01:42
is to ask: What do people worship?
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์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:45
People have worshipped so many different things --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ฌ๊ฒจ์™”์–ด์š”.
01:48
the sun, the stars, the storm.
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ํ•ด, ๋ณ„, ํญํ’๋“ฑ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:50
Some people worship many gods, some one, some none.
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๋‹ค์‹ , ์œ ์ผ์‹ , ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์„ฌ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:54
In the 19th and 20th centuries,
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19~20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
01:57
people worshipped the nation,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋‚˜
01:59
the Aryan race, the communist state.
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์•„๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ์ข…, ๊ณต์‚ฐ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์„ฌ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”.
02:02
What do we worship?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ฌ๊ธธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:05
I think future anthropologists
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
02:08
will take a look at the books we read
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ๋˜
02:11
on self-help, self-realization,
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์ž์ฃผ์„ฑ, ์ž๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฐœ, ์ž์กด๊ฐ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ๋ˆˆ์—ฌ๊ฒจ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
02:14
self-esteem.
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02:16
They'll look at the way we talk about morality
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋•์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•
02:19
as being true to oneself,
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์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์‹คํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
02:21
the way we talk about politics
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์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
02:23
as a matter of individual rights,
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๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
02:26
and they'll look at this wonderful new religious ritual we have created.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‹ ํฅ ์ข…๊ต ์˜์‹์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
You know the one?
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๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:33
Called the "selfie."
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"์…€์นด"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:36
And I think they'll conclude that what we worship in our time
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„
02:39
is the self, the me, the I.
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์„ฌ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ง€์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
02:43
And this is great.
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์ด๊ฑด ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š”.
02:45
It's liberating. It's empowering. It's wonderful.
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ  ํž˜์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๋†€๋ž์ฃ .
02:49
But don't forget that biologically, we're social animals.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
We've spent most of our evolutionary history
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
02:58
in small groups.
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์†Œ์ง‘๋‹จ ์†์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
03:00
We need those face-to-face interactions
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฉด๋Œ€๋ฉด ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
03:04
where we learn the choreography of altruism
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ดํƒ€์‹ฌ์˜ ํ–ฅ์—ฐ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
03:08
and where we create those spiritual goods
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์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:11
like friendship and trust and loyalty and love
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์šฐ์ •, ์‹ ๋ขฐ, ์ถฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ๊ฐ™์€
03:16
that redeem our solitude.
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๊ณ ๋…์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ค„ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ด์ฃ .
03:19
When we have too much of the "I" and too little of the "we,"
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์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ "๋‚˜"๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ณ  "์šฐ๋ฆฌ"๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:23
we can find ourselves vulnerable,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
03:26
fearful and alone.
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๋‘๋ ต๊ณ  ์™ธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
It was no accident that Sherry Turkle of MIT
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MIT์˜ ์…ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ„ฐํด์ด
03:31
called the book she wrote on the impact of social media
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์“ด ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ฑ…์„
03:35
"Alone Together."
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"ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์—ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
03:38
So I think the simplest way of safeguarding the future "you"
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ "๋‹น์‹ "์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
03:43
is to strengthen the future "us"
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ"๋ฅผ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:46
in three dimensions:
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03:47
the us of relationship,
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๊ด€๊ณ„์†์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ
03:49
the us of identity
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ
03:51
and the us of responsibility.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด์ฃ .
03:53
So let me first take the us of relationship.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋จผ์ € ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
03:56
And here, forgive me if I get personal.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ง์„ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:59
Once upon a time,
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์˜›๋‚  ์˜›์ ์—
04:01
a very long time ago,
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์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์—
04:04
I was a 20-year-old undergraduate
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์ €๋Š” ์ฒ ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š”
04:06
studying philosophy.
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20์„ธ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:08
I was into Nietzsche and Schopenhauer and Sartre and Camus.
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๋‹ˆ์ฒด, ์‡ผํŽœํ•˜์šฐ์–ด, ์‚ฌ๋ฅดํŠธ๋ฅด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นด๋ฎˆ์— ๋น ์ ธ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:12
I was full of ontological uncertainty
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์ €๋Š” ์กด์žฌ์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค๊ณผ ์‹ค์กด์˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์— ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:16
and existential angst.
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04:18
It was terrific.
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๋๋‚ด์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:21
I was self-obsessed and thoroughly unpleasant to know,
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์ €๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐํ”ผ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:25
until one day I saw
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚ 
04:27
across the courtyard
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์บ ํผ์Šค ๋œฐ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์—
04:29
a girl
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ํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
04:31
who was everything that I wasn't.
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์ €์™€๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋”ดํŒ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
She radiated sunshine.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ–‡์‚ด์„ ๋น„์ถ”๊ณ 
04:36
She emanated joy.
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๊ธฐ์จ์ด ๋ฐœ์‚ฐ๋์–ด์š”.
04:40
I found out her name was Elaine.
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์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์—˜๋ ˆ์ธ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:42
We met. We talked.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:43
We married.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:45
And 47 years, three children and eight grandchildren later,
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์ด์ œ 47๋…„์ด ๋˜์–ด ์ž๋…€ ์…‹๊ณผ ์†์ฃผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:49
I can safely say
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์ €๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:51
it was the best decision I ever took in my life,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
because it's the people not like us
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ฎ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ
04:57
that make us grow.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
05:00
And that is why I think
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
05:03
we have to do just that.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:05
The trouble with Google filters,
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ํ•„ํ„ฐ
05:07
Facebook friends
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ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ
05:09
and reading the news by narrowcasting rather than broadcasting
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๋„“์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•œ์ •๋œ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์€
05:13
means that we're surrounded almost entirely by people like us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฎ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒํ•˜๊ณ ๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
05:18
whose views, whose opinions, whose prejudices, even,
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๊ด€์ , ๊ฒฌํ•ด, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํŽธ๊ฒฌ๋„
05:22
are just like ours.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
And Cass Sunstein of Harvard has shown
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ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ์˜ ์บ์Šค ์„ ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์€
05:26
that if we surround ourselves with people with the same views as us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:31
we get more extreme.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
I think we need to renew those face-to-face encounters
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ฎ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์˜
05:38
with the people not like us.
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์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
05:41
I think we need to do that
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ
05:43
in order to realize that we can disagree strongly
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์„œ๋กœ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ์ง€๋ผ๋„
05:47
and yet still stay friends.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
It's in those face-to-face encounters
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์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋งŒ์ด
05:52
that we discover that the people not like us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ฎ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ฎ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:56
are just people, like us.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
And actually, every time
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค
06:03
we hold out the hand of friendship
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ
06:05
to somebody not like us,
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
06:07
whose class or creed or color are different from ours,
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๊ณ„๊ธ‰, ์‹ ๋…, ์ธ์ข…์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
06:13
we heal
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๊นจ์นœ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ
06:15
one of the fractures
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:17
of our wounded world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ฃ .
06:19
That is the us of relationship.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Second is the us of identity.
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๋‘˜์งธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Let me give you a thought experiment.
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์ƒ๊ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:28
Have you been to Washington? Have you seen the memorials?
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ธฐ๋…๊ด€์„ ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
06:30
Absolutely fascinating.
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์ •๋ง ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
There's the Lincoln Memorial:
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๋ง์ปจ ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:34
Gettysburg Address on one side, Second Inaugural on the other.
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๊ฒŒํ‹ฐ์Šค๋ฒ„๊ทธ ์—ฐ์„ค์ด ํ•œ ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ทจ์ž„์—ฐ์„ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:38
You go to the Jefferson Memorial,
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์ œํผ์Šจ ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
06:40
screeds of text.
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์žฅํ™ฉํ•œ ๊ธ€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Martin Luther King Memorial,
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๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์—
06:44
more than a dozen quotes from his speeches.
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์—ด ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์„ค๋ฌธ ์ธ์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:46
I didn't realize, in America you read memorials.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ค„์€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”.
06:51
Now go to the equivalent in London in Parliament Square
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์ด์ œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์˜ํšŒ ๊ด‘์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋ฉด
06:55
and you will see that the monument to David Lloyd George
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๋ฐ์ด๋น— ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ์กฐ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
06:58
contains three words:
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์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์จ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:00
David Lloyd George.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น— ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ์กฐ์ง€.
07:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:05
Nelson Mandela gets two.
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๋„ฌ์Šจ ๋งŒ๋ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ณ ์š”.
07:07
Churchill gets just one:
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์ฒ˜์น  ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์—๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:09
Churchill.
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์ฒ˜์น .
07:10
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:12
Why the difference? I'll tell you why the difference.
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
07:14
Because America was from the outset a nation of wave after wave of immigrants,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ผ์„œ
07:18
so it had to create an identity
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
which it did by telling a story
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์—์„œ ์ฝ์€
07:23
which you learned at school, you read on memorials
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
07:26
and you heard repeated in presidential inaugural addresses.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ทจ์ž„์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ๋“ฃ์ฃ .
07:30
Britain until recently wasn't a nation of immigrants,
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์˜๊ตญ์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—์•ผ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ
07:33
so it could take identity for granted.
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์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
The trouble is now
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
07:38
that two things have happened which shouldn't have happened together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
The first thing is in the West we've stopped telling this story
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์ฒซ์งธ๋Š” ์„œ๊ตฌ์—์„œ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
of who we are and why,
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07:47
even in America.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋„์š”.
07:49
And at the same time,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‹œ์—
07:50
immigration is higher than it's ever been before.
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์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
So when you tell a story and your identity is strong,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
07:59
you can welcome the stranger,
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์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:01
but when you stop telling the story,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ฉด
08:03
your identity gets weak
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์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์ ธ์„œ
08:05
and you feel threatened by the stranger.
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์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
And that's bad.
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๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
I tell you, Jews have been scattered and dispersed and exiled for 2,000 years.
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์œ ๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์€ 2์ฒœ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ํฉ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•˜์–ด์š”.
08:16
We never lost our identity.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
Why? Because at least once a year,
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์–ด์งธ์„œ์š”? ์ ์–ด๋„ ์ผ ๋…„์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€
08:20
on the festival of Passover,
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์œ ์›”์ ˆ์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ
08:22
we told our story and we taught it to our children
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์ž๋…€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ 
08:25
and we ate the unleavened bread of affliction
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๊ณ ๋‚œ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ต๋ณ‘์„ ๋จน๊ณ 
08:27
and tasted the bitter herbs of slavery.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ƒํ™œ์˜ ์“ด ๋ง›์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:30
So we never lost our identity.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
I think collectively
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ
08:33
we've got to get back to telling our story,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
who we are, where we came from,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๊ณ 
08:38
what ideals by which we live.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€์š”.
08:42
And if that happens,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:44
we will become strong enough
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ
08:46
to welcome the stranger and say,
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์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ์„ ๋งž์•„๋“ค์—ฌ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
"Come and share our lives,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ 
08:52
share our stories,
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ 
08:54
share our aspirations and dreams."
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๊ฟˆ๊ณผ ์—ด๋ง์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค."
08:58
That is the us of identity.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
And finally, the us of responsibility.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
Do you know something?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:05
My favorite phrase in all of politics,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด
09:08
very American phrase,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ธ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
09:11
is: "We the people."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ" ์ด๋ž€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
Why "we the people?"
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์™œ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ"์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:16
Because it says that we all share collective responsibility
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
09:21
for our collective future.
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์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:23
And that's how things really are and should be.
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์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Have you noticed how magical thinking
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ •์น˜์— ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:31
has taken over our politics?
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09:34
So we say, all you've got to do is elect this strong leader
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง€๋„์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘์•„์„œ
09:40
and he or she will solve all our problems for us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:46
Believe me, that is magical thinking.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
And then we get the extremes:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทน๋‹จ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ์š”.
09:52
the far right, the far left,
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๊ทน์šฐ, ๊ทน์ขŒ
09:55
the extreme religious and the extreme anti-religious,
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๊ทน๋‹จ ์ข…๊ต์™€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์ข…๊ต
09:59
the far right dreaming of a golden age that never was,
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๊ทน์šฐ๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๊ณ 
10:04
the far left dreaming of a utopia that never will be
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๊ทน์ขŒ๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์„ ์œ ํ† ํ”ผ์•„๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๊ณ 
10:09
and the religious and anti-religious equally convinced
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์ข…๊ต์™€ ๋ฐ˜์ข…๊ต๋Š” ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด
10:13
that all it takes is God or the absence of God
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์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
10:17
to save us from ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:20
That, too, is magical thinking,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
because the only people who will save us from ourselves
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์›ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
10:28
is we the people,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
10:30
all of us together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜์š”.
10:33
And when we do that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
10:36
and when we move from the politics of me
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๋‚˜์˜ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ์ •์น˜๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
10:40
to the politics of all of us together,
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10:43
we rediscover those beautiful, counterintuitive truths:
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๋งค์šฐ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ์ง„์‹ค์„ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
that a nation is strong
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์•ฝํ•œ ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ•„ ๋•Œ
10:52
when it cares for the weak,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
10:55
that it becomes rich
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ•„ ๋•Œ
10:56
when it cares for the poor,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ
10:59
it becomes invulnerable when it cares about the vulnerable.
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์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ•„ ๋•Œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํŠผํŠผํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
That is what makes great nations.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:14
So here is my simple suggestion.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
It might just change your life,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:22
and it might just help to begin to change the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Do a search and replace operation
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ 
๋งˆ์Œ ์†์˜ ๊ธ€๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์„ธ์š”.
11:30
on the text of your mind,
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11:32
and wherever you encounter the word "self,"
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"์ž์‹ "์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
11:36
substitute the word "other."
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"๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค"๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:39
So instead of self-help, other-help;
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์ž๋ฆฝ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด ๋„์›€์„
11:42
instead of self-esteem, other-esteem.
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์ž์กด๊ฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด ์กด์ค‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
11:47
And if you do that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
11:49
you will begin to feel the power
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”
์ข…๊ต ๋ฌธํ•™์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ธ€๊ท€์˜
11:52
of what for me is one of the most moving sentences
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11:56
in all of religious literature.
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ํž˜์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
"Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,
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"์‚ฌ๋ง์˜ ์Œ์นจํ•œ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚ ์ง€๋ผ๋„
12:04
I will fear no evil,
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ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ
12:07
for you are with me."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ."
12:10
We can face any future without fear
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€ ์—†์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
so long as we know
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
12:16
we will not face it alone.
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12:19
So for the sake of the future "you,"
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ "๋‹น์‹ "์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
12:23
together let us strengthen
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•จ๊ป˜
๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ"๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:26
the future "us."
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12:29
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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