Why healthy bones are about so much more than milk | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter

363,665 views

2021-06-10 ใƒป TED


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Why healthy bones are about so much more than milk | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter

363,665 views ใƒป 2021-06-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber:
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You might believe that drinking milk,
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด
00:01
with all its calcium and vitamin D,
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์นผ์Š˜๊ณผ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ด์„œ
00:03
is the one thing you need for strong and healthy bones.
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
And it's a really nice message that sold a lot of milk over the years,
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์ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ธด ์„ธ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ์œ  ํŒ๋งค์— ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:12
but it's just not scientifically accurate.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
00:16
[Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter]
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[์   ๊ฑดํ„ฐ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ]
00:19
When we focus on milk, we lose the bigger picture of bone health.
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์šฐ์œ ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ผˆ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜ ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋†“์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
So let's start at the beginning.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:25
Adults have 206 bones
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์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋ผˆ๊ฐ€ 206๊ฐœ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:27
that form the main part of the skeletal system.
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์ด ๋ผˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
They're the support structure or cage that protects our organs,
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์ด ๋ผˆ๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ํ‹€์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:33
but they do so much more.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
They work with our muscles to move our bodies,
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๋ชธ์„ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทผ์œก๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ 
00:37
they store important minerals,
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„์„ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
00:39
they produce hormones,
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ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ
00:40
and they even make our blood.
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ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Many people think of a Halloween skeleton when they imagine bone,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ผˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ํ•ด๊ณจ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ
00:45
but that only gives us a one-dimensional view.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ผ์ฐจ์›์ ์ธ ๋ฉด๋งŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Bone actually has three layers.
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๋ผˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์„ธ ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
On the outside, there's the periosteum,
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๋ฐ”๊นฅ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๊ณจ๋ง‰์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:52
a tough membrane that covers and protects.
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๊ฒ‰์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Next, there's a thick layer of compact bone,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ๋ผˆ์˜ ๋‘ํ„ฐ์šด ์ธต์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:57
the white, hard, smooth part that most people are familiar with.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ํฌ๊ณ , ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
But inside, there is spongy or trabecular bone,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด, ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฉด์งˆ ๊ณจ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:05
and an inner core filled with bone marrow,
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๊ณจ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง„ ๋‚ดํ•ต์—๋Š”
01:07
which contains stem cells that make blood
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ํ˜ˆ์•ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ถ„์—ดํ•˜๋Š”
01:10
and are constantly dividing.
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์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Most people understand that our bones grow when we're kids and adolescents.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ผˆ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์™€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ
์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
We reach our peak bone mass in our 20s.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ 20๋Œ€์— ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ณจ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
What many people don't know is even after we stop growing,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋”๋ผ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
01:23
we are constantly removing old bone
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๊ณ 
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ผˆ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:25
and replacing it with new.
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01:26
One estimate is enough bone is removed and replaced
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ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ผˆ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ต์ฒด๋˜์–ด
10๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
that a new skeleton is made every 10 years.
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01:34
After we reach our peak bone mass,
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์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ณจ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:36
bone removal starts to outpace replacement.
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๊ณจ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์•ž์ง€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
This can eventually affect the integrity of the bone
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ผˆ์˜ ์˜จ์ „์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:43
and it lowers the bone mass or the amount of bone that we have.
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๊ณจ๋Ÿ‰, ์ฆ‰ ๋ผˆ์˜ ์–‘์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
The bone disease osteoporosis is an extreme version of this process.
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๊ณจ๋‹ค๊ณต์ฆ์€ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Bone loss outpaces replacement,
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๊ณจ ์†์‹ค์ด ๊ณจ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ 
01:54
and combined with other changes,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
01:55
this can lead to so much fragility
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์‚ด์ง ๋ถ€๋”ช์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„˜์–ด์ ธ๋„
01:58
that even small bumps or falls can create fractures.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Another cool fact about bones is they store calcium,
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๋ผˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ป๊ฐ€ ์นผ์Š˜์„ ์ €์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
so if intake is low, meaning not enough in our diet,
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์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ ์œผ๋ฉด, ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹์‚ฌ์— ์นผ์ˆจ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด
02:07
the body draws calcium from the bone.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ผˆ์—์„œ ์นผ์Š˜์„ ๋ฝ‘์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
This can also contribute to bone loss,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ผˆ์˜ ์†์‹ค์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:12
so we need enough dietary calcium to maintain our bone.
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๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์นผ์Š˜์„ ์‹๋‹จ์— ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Vitamin D fits into the picture
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D๋Š” ๋ชธ์ด ์นผ์Š˜์„
02:17
because it helps our body absorb calcium.
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ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ž˜ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
When we think of calcium and vitamin D,
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์นผ์Š˜๊ณผ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
02:22
many of us picture a frosty glass of milk.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
Milk is not the only good source of calcium out there.
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์šฐ์œ ๋งŒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์นผ์Š˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Humans are creative omnivores.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์žก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
We can get calcium from a lot of other sources --
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์นผ์Š˜์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
yogurt and cheese, for example --
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์˜ˆ๋กœ ์š”๊ฑฐํŠธ๋‚˜ ์น˜์ฆˆ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:35
but also look for leafy greens like spinach and kale,
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์‹œ๊ธˆ์น˜์™€ ์ผ€์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žŽ์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑํ•œ ์ฑ„์†Œ,
02:38
cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage,
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๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์–‘๋ฐฐ์ถ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ญ์žํ™”๊ณผ ์ฑ„์†Œ,
02:41
and proteins like tofu, nuts, beans, eggs and fish.
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๋‘๋ถ€, ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜, ์ฝฉ, ๊ณ„๋ž€๊ณผ ์ƒ์„  ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์—์„œ๋„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Fortified cereals and orange juice are also good too,
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๊ฐ•ํ™” ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€ ์ฃผ์Šค๋„ ์ข‹๊ณ 
02:49
and chia seeds.
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์น˜์•„ ์”จ๋„ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
And vitamin D is plentiful in fatty fishes,
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์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ์„ ์— ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:53
and our skin makes it from the sun.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
However, some people may need supplements.
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02:57
Another important factor for bone health is exercise.
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๋ผˆ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์šด๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Mechanical loading stimulates the cells that build bone
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
and muscles pulling on the bone may do this as well.
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๊ทผ์œก์ด ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
In fact, any activity that puts stress on your bones,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ผˆ์— ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ™œ๋™,
03:09
like walking, jogging, dancing, racket sports,
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ, ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ, ์ถค, ๋ผ์ผ“ ์Šคํฌ์ธ ,
03:12
even strength training like doing weights,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—ญ๊ธฐ ์šด๋™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒด๋ ฅ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์€
03:15
stimulates extra deposits of calcium
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์นผ์Š˜์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ถ•์ ๊ณผ
03:17
and growth of new bone.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ผˆ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
In addition, stronger muscles can help with balance.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ทผ์œก์€ ๊ท ํ˜•์žก๊ธฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
And one of the best ways to prevent a hip fracture?
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๊ณ ๊ด€์ ˆ ๊ณจ์ ˆ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€์š”?
๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žก์•„ ๋‚™์ƒ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
Reducing falls with better balance.
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03:27
If milk is your thing, that's completely OK,
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์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด ๋ฌธ์ œ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
03:30
but don't forget
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๊ผญ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:31
that bone health is so much more than just milk.
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๋ผˆ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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