Yves Morieux: As work gets more complex, 6 rules to simplify

493,754 views ใƒป 2014-01-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Seunglee Lee
00:12
I have spent the last years
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„
00:14
trying to resolve two enigmas:
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ ์ž ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Why is productivity so disappointing
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์™œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘
00:21
in all the companies where I work?
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์•„์ฃผ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
I have worked with more than 500 companies.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป 500๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ผํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Despite all the technological advances --
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  --
00:29
computers, I.T., communications, telecommunications,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ, I. T., ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ,
00:33
the Internet.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”.--
00:35
Enigma number two:
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋Š”
00:36
Why is there so little engagement at work?
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์™œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ €์กฐํ•œ๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
Why do people feel so miserable,
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์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
00:41
even actively disengaged?
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋Š”๊ฐ€?
00:45
Disengaging their colleagues.
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์™œ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ 
00:47
Acting against the interest of their company.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด์ต์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Despite all the affiliation events,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์ฒด ํ–‰์‚ฌ,
00:55
the celebration, the people initiatives,
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์ถ•ํ•˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ฃผ๋„ ๋ชจ์ž„,
00:59
the leadership development programs to train
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ํŒ€์›์—๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํŒ€์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๊ต์œกํ•˜๋Š”
01:02
managers on how to better motivate their teams.
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๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊นŒ์ง€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
At the beginning, I thought there was
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์ €๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€
01:08
a chicken and egg issue:
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๋‹ญ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๊ฑ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Because people are less engaged, they are less productive.
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์—…๋ฌด์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Or vice versa, because they are less productive,
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉด ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
01:15
we put more pressure and they are less engaged.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
But as we were doing our analysis
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:19
we realized that there was a common root cause
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์€
01:21
to these two issues
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
that relates, in fact, to the basic pillars of management.
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๊ฒฝ์˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์ง€์š”.
01:27
The way we organize is based on two pillars.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
The hard -- structure, processes, systems.
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ - ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ณผ์ •, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ,
01:33
The soft --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ --
01:34
feelings, sentiments, interpersonal relationships, traits, personality.
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๊ฐ์ •, ์ •์„œ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๊ณ„, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
And whenever a company
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์–ด๋–ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“  ์žฌ์กฐ์ง์ด๋‚˜
01:41
reorganizes, restructures, reengineers,
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๊ตฌ์กฐ ์กฐ์ •, ์—…๋ฌด ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ถ•,
01:45
goes through a cultural transformation program,
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๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์น  ๋•Œ
01:47
it chooses these two pillars.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
Now, we try to refine them,
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๋‘ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
01:51
we try to combine them.
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์œตํ•ฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€์š”.
01:53
The real issue is --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” --
01:55
and this is the answer to the two enigmas --
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
01:57
these pillars are obsolete.
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์ด ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ๋“ค์ด ๋”์ด์ƒ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Everything you read in business books is based
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฝ์œผ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์„œ์ ์€
02:02
either on one or the other
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์ด ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ ์ค‘์—
02:04
or their combination.
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ํ•œ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์— ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
They are obsolete.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
How do they work
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์ ์  ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง€๋Š”
02:09
when you try to use these approaches
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๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„
02:11
in front of the new complexity of business?
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๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:13
The hard approach, basically is that you start from strategy,
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ „๋žต, ์š”๊ฑด, ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ณผ์ •,
02:16
requirements, structures, processes, systems, KPIs, scorecards,
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ฃผ์š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ง€ํ‘œ, ์ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ,
02:20
committees, headquarters, hubs, clusters,
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์œ„์›ํšŒ, ๋ณธ๋ถ€, ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ, ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ,
02:23
you name it.
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๋‹ค ๋Œ€๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:24
I forgot all the metrics, incentives, committees, middle offices and interfaces.
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์ˆ˜์น˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€, ์žฅ๋ ค์ฑ…, ์œ„์›ํšŒ, ์ค‘๊ฒฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง, ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:29
What happens basically on the left,
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์™ผ์ชฝ์— ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
02:31
you have more complexity, the new complexity of business.
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์˜์ด ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
We need quality, cost, reliability, speed.
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ, ๋น„์šฉ, ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„, ์†๋„, ๋‹ค ์ข‹์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:39
And every time there is a new requirement,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
02:41
we use the same approach.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
We create dedicated structure processed systems,
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์ „์šฉ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
02:46
basically to deal with the new complexity of business.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:49
The hard approach creates just complicatedness
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ
02:53
in the organization.
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Let's take an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
An automotive company, the engineering division
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋ง ๋ถ€์„œ๋Š”
02:59
is a five-dimensional matrix.
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5์ฐจ์›์˜ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
If you open any cell of the matrix,
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์ด ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค์˜ ํ•œ ์นธ์„ ์—ด๋ฉด
03:03
you find another 20-dimensional matrix.
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์•ˆ์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 20์ฐจ์›์˜ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
You have Mr. Noise, Mr. Petrol Consumption,
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์†Œ์Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ์†Œ๋ชจ ๋ฌธ์ œ,
03:09
Mr. Anti-Collision Properties.
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์ถฉ๋Œ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ์š”์†Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:11
For any new requirement,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
03:13
you have a dedicated function
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๊ทธ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ
03:15
in charge of aligning engineers against
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์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์žฌ์ •๋ ฌํ•˜๋Š”
03:17
the new requirement.
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์ „๋‹ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
What happens when the new requirement emerges?
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์ƒˆ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
03:21
Some years ago, a new requirement
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์ˆ˜๋…„์ „ ์‹œ์žฅ์—
03:24
appeared on the marketplace:
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ฑด์ด ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
the length of the warranty period.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋ณด์ฆ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
So therefore the new requirement is repairability,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ์ฆ‰ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ,
03:31
making cars easy to repair.
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์ฆ‰ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‰ฝ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
Otherwise when you bring the car to the garage to fix the light,
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์ „์กฐ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Ÿฌ ์ •๋น„์†Œ์— ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ
03:36
if you have to remove the engine
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์ „์กฐ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
03:38
to access the lights,
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์—”์ง„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋–ผ์–ด ๋‚ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:40
the car will have to stay one week in the garage
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์ •๋น„์—๋Š” 2์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆดํ…Œ๊ณ 
03:42
instead of two hours, and the warranty budget will explode.
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์ œํ’ˆ ๋ณด์ƒ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
So, what was the solution using the hard approach?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:48
If repairability is the new requirement,
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์ฐจ์˜ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
03:51
the solution is to create a new function,
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๊ทธ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
Mr. Repairability.
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๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด์š”.
03:55
And Mr. Repairability creates the repairability process.
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๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ณต์ •์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
With a repairability scorecard, with a repairability metric
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๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ์™€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์น˜
04:03
and eventually repairability incentive.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜์„ฑ ์žฅ๋ ค์ฑ…๋„ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
That came on top of 25 other KPIs.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ 25๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ง€ํ‘œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
What percentage of these people is variable compensation?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณ€๋™ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ ์šฉ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
04:13
Twenty percent at most, divided by 26 KPIs,
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์ตœ๋Œ€ 20ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑธ 26๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด
04:17
repairability makes a difference of 0.8 percent.
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๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๋”ฑ 0.8ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
What difference did it make in their actions,
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™” ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ• 
04:23
their choices to simplify? Zero.
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์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
But what occurs for zero impact? Mr. Repairability, process,
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์•„๋ฌด ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์€์š”? ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ๊ณต์ •,
04:29
scorecard, evaluation, coordination with the 25 other coordinators
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์ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ, ํ‰๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  25๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ์ •์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด
04:34
to have zero impact.
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์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Now, in front of the new complexity of business,
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๊ฒฝ์˜์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณต์žกํ•จ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:38
the only solution is not drawing boxes
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์ค„์ค„์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:41
with reporting lines.
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๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:44
It is basically the interplay.
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์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ๊ทธ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
How the parts work together.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
The connections, the interactions, the synapses.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘ํ•ฉ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
It is not the skeleton of boxes, it is the nervous system
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์ƒ์ž๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:59
of adaptiveness and intelligence.
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์ ์‘๋ ฅ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ง€๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
You know, you could call it cooperation, basically.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
05:05
Whenever people cooperate,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์—์„œ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋“ ์ง€
05:07
they use less resources. In everything.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์€ ์ž์› ์†Œ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
You know, the repairability issue
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„
05:14
is a cooperation problem.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
When you design cars, please take into account
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์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
05:20
the needs of those who will repair the cars
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ํŒ๋งค ํ›„ ์ •๋น„์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
05:22
in the after sales garages.
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์ž…์žฅ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:25
When we don't cooperate we need more time,
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋“ค๊ณ ,
05:28
more equipment, more systems, more teams.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ๋น„, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํŒ€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
We need -- When procurement, supply chain, manufacturing don't cooperate
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๋ฌผํ’ˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ, ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๊ณผ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ์กฐ ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
05:37
we need more stock, more inventories, more working capital.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์žฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‚ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ณธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Who will pay for that?
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๊ทธ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:42
Shareholders? Customers?
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์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด์š”? ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด์š”?
05:44
No, they will refuse.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
So who is left? The employees,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ฃ ? ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง์›๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
who have to compensate through their super
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์€
05:50
individual efforts for the lack of cooperation.
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์ง์› ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Stress, burnout, they are overwhelmed, accidents.
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์ด๋Š” ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ์—…๋ฌด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ๊ทน๋„์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
No wonder they disengage.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์ผ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์—์š”.
06:00
How do the hard and the soft try to foster cooperation?
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:04
The hard: In banks, when there is a problem
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
06:09
between the back office and the front office,
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์€ํ–‰์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด
06:12
they don't cooperate. What is the solution?
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
06:14
They create a middle office.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์„œ๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
What happens one year later?
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1๋…„ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
06:19
Instead of one problem between the back and the front,
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ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ์ „๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋Œ€์‹ 
06:21
now I have two problems.
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๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Between the back and the middle
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ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์„œ ์‚ฌ์ด,
06:23
and between the middle and the front.
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๋˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ์ „๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€์„œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์š”.
06:26
Plus I have to pay for the middle office.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์„œ์—๋„ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
The hard approach is unable to foster cooperation.
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
It can only add new boxes, new bones in the skeleton.
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์ƒˆ ์ƒ์ž๋“ค๋งŒ ๋”ํ•  ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ . ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์— ์ƒˆ ๋ผˆ๋“ค๋งŒ ๋”ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
The soft approach:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”:
06:37
To make people cooperate, we need to make them like each other.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
Improve interpersonal feelings,
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์ง์›๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:43
the more people like each other, the more they will cooperate.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋” ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
It is totally wrong.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
It is even counterproductive.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—ญํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Look, at home I have two TVs. Why?
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์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์—๋Š” TV๊ฐ€ 2๋Œ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์™œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:53
Precisely not to have to cooperate with my wife.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ €์™€ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:57
Not to have to impose tradeoffs to my wife.
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์•„๋‚ด์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
07:00
And why I try not to impose tradeoffs to my wife
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‚ด์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
07:04
is precisely because I love my wife.
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์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
If I didn't love my wife, one TV would be enough:
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์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด TV๋Š” ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์กฑํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
07:10
You will watch my favorite football game,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด์•ผํ•ด.
07:12
if you are not happy, how is the book or the door?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹ซ์œผ๋ฉด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ?
07:15
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:16
The more we like each other,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
07:18
the more we avoid the real cooperation
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์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
that would strain our relationships by imposing tough tradeoffs.
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์„œ๋กœ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํƒ€ํ˜‘์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:25
And we go for a second TV or we escalate
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ TV๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋Œ€ ๋” ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:28
the decision above for arbitration.
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์œ—์„ ์— ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
Definitely, these approaches are obsolete.
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๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ํ˜น์€ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
To deal with complexity, to enhance the nervous system,
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๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
07:39
we have created what we call the smart simplicity approach
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
based on simple rules.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ฒ•์น™๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
Simple rule number one:
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๊ทธ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”:
07:46
Understand what others do.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด๋ผ.
07:49
What is their real work?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
07:51
We need to go beyond the boxes,
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์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์ƒ์ž๋“ค,
07:55
the job descriptions, beyond the surface
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์ง๋ฌด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„œ, ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์ธ ํ‹€์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ
07:59
of the container, to understand the real content.
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์—…๋ฌด์˜ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
Me, designer, if I put a wire here,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด, ์ด๊ณณ์— ์ „์„ ์„ ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
08:05
I know that it will mean that we will have to
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์ •๋น„๊ณต์ด ์ „์กฐ๋“ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
08:07
remove the engine to access the lights.
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์—”์ง„์„ ๋–ผ์–ด ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Second, you need to reenforce integrators.
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํž˜์„ ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Integrators are not middle offices, they are managers,
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ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
existing managers that you reinforce
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง์›๋“ค์„
08:18
so that they have power and interest
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์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ• 
08:21
to make others cooperate.
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๊ถŒํ•œ๊ณผ ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
How can you reinforce your managers as integrators?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:26
By removing layers.
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์ธต์„ ์—†์• ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
When there are too many layers
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์ธต์ด ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก
08:29
people are too far from the action,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด์—์„œ ๋” ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
08:31
therefore they need KPIs, metrics,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ KPI์™€ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
they need poor proxies for reality.
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์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด ๋Œ€์‹  ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
They don't understand reality
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
08:39
and they add the complicatedness of metrics, KPIs.
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์ˆ˜์น˜์™€ KPI๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ๋งŒ ๋”ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
By removing rules -- the bigger we are,
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๊ทœ์ •๋“ค์„ ์—†์• ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก
08:44
the more we need integrators,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
therefore the less rules we must have,
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๊ทœ์ •์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์„์ˆ˜๋ก
08:48
to give discretionary power to managers.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ถŒ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
And we do the opposite --
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ฃ . --
08:53
the bigger we are, the more rules we create.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทœ์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
And we end up with the Encyclopedia Britannica of rules.
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๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํƒœ๋‹ˆ์ปค ๋Œ€๋ฐฑ๊ณผ์‚ฌ์ „๋งŒํ•œ ๊ทœ์ •์ง‘์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
You need to increase the quanitity of power
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ
09:01
so that you can empower everybody
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ,
09:03
to use their judgment, their intelligence.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํž˜์„ ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
You must give more cards to people
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์ง์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํŒจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์„œ
09:08
so that they have the critical mass of cards
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๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŒจ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ง“์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋ฉด
09:11
to take the risk to cooperate,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชจํ—˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
09:13
to move out of insulation.
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๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
Otherwise, they will withdraw. They will disengage.
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ํž˜์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๋ชธ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘์ค‘๋„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
These rules, they come from game theory
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ•์น™๋“ค์€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ
09:19
and organizational sociology.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
You can increase the shadow of the future.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Create feedback loops that expose people
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ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
09:27
to the consequences of their actions.
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์ง์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
This is what the automotive company did
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์•ž์„œ ๋งํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
09:32
when they saw that Mr. Repairability had no impact.
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๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
They said to the design engineers:
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋””์ž์ธ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
Now, in three years, when the new car is launched on the market,
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"์ง€๊ธˆ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ค‘์ธ ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 3๋…„ ํ›„ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์ถœ๊ณ  ๋  ๋•Œ
09:41
you will move to the after sales network, and become in charge
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํŒ๋งค ๋ถ€์„œ๋กœ ์ธ์‚ฌ ์ด๋™ ๋˜์–ด์„œ
09:44
of the warranty budget,
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๋ณด์ฆ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
and if the warranty budget explodes,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด
09:50
it will explode in your face. (Laughter)
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฝ” ์•ž์—์„œ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”." (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:52
Much more powerful than 0.8 percent variable compensation.
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0.8 ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ ์ž„๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
You need also to increase reciprocity,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์„ฑ์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
by removing the buffers that make us self-sufficient.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์™„์ถฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
When you remove these buffers,
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์ด ์™„์ถฉ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ
10:08
you hold me by the nose, I hold you by the ear.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ ์ฝ”๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ์žก์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
We will cooperate.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”.
10:13
Remove the second TV.
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ TV๋ฅผ ์—†์• ์„ธ์š”.
10:14
There are many second TVs at work
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฐ™์€ "๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ TV"๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
that don't create value,
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๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:18
they just provide dysfunctional self-sufficiency.
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์—ญ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
You need to reward those who cooperate
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
10:25
and blame those who don't cooperate.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
The CEO of The Lego Group,
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๋ ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ CEO์ธ
10:30
Jorgen Vig Knudstorp, has a great way to use it.
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์š”๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋น„ ํฌ๋ˆ„์Šคํ† ๋ฅดํ”„๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์‹คํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
He says, blame is not for failure,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, ๋ฌธ์ฑ…์€ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:35
it is for failing to help or ask for help.
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๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹คํŒจํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
It changes everything.
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์ด ๋ฒ•์น™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
Suddenly it becomes in my interest to be transparent
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์•ฝ์ ๋“ค,
10:45
on my real weaknesses, my real forecast,
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์ง„์งœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋“์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
because I know I will not be blamed if I fail,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:49
but if I fail to help or ask for help.
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๋•๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„์™€๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
When you do this, it has a lot of implications
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์ด ๋ฒ•์น™๋“ค์€ ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
10:56
on organizational design.
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๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
You stop drawing boxes, dotted lines, full lines;
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์ž์™€ ์ ์„  ํ˜น์€ ์‹ค์„ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
11:01
you look at their interplay.
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์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
It has a lot of implications on financial policies
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต ์ •์ฑ…์—๋„
11:05
that we use.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
On human resource management practices.
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์ธ์‚ฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ด€ํ–‰์—์„œ๋„์š”.
11:09
When you do that, you can manage complexity,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
the new complexity of business,
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๊ฒฝ์˜์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„
11:13
without getting complicated.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
You create more value with lower cost.
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๋” ์ ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
You simultaneously improve performance and satisfaction at work
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์ผ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง์›์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
because you have removed the common root cause
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์ด ๋‘˜์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”
11:27
that hinders both.
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๊ณตํ†ต ๋ถ„๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Complicatedness: This is your battle, business leaders.
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๋ณต์žก์„ฑ: ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
The real battle is not against competitors.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
This is rubbish, very abstract.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ—›์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋œฌ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์žก๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—์š”.
11:39
When do we meet competitors to fight them?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์‹ธ์›๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:41
The real battle is against ourselves,
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์ง„์งœ ์‹ธ์›€์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ์˜ ์‹ธ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
against our bureaucracy, our complicatedness.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ ์ฃผ์˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•จ.
11:48
Only you can fight, can do it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋งŒ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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