Shaffi Mather: A new way to fight corruption

96,808 views ใƒป 2009-12-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
The anger in me against corruption
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ื”ื–ืขื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช
00:19
made me to make a big career change
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ื”ื ื™ืข ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™
00:22
last year, becoming a full-time practicing lawyer.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”, ื›ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื”.
00:26
My experiences over the last 18 months,
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ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™, ืž-18 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ืœืคื•,
00:30
as a lawyer, has seeded in me
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ื›ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ, ื ื˜ืขื• ื‘ื™
00:32
a new entrepreneurial idea,
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื–ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื”,
00:35
which I believe is indeed
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ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช
00:37
worth spreading.
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ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืคืฆื”.
00:39
So, I share it with all of you here today,
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชืฃ ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื,
00:42
though the idea itself is getting crystallized
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉื•ืช
00:44
and I'm still writing up the business plan.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ืกื— ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.
00:47
Of course it helps that fear of public failure
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขื•ื–ืจ ืฉื”ืคื—ื“ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
00:50
diminishes as the number of ideas
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ืงื˜ืŸ ื›ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช
00:53
which have failed increases.
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ืฉื ื›ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื”.
00:57
I've been a huge fan of enterprise and entrepreneurship
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ ื ืœื”ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื–ืžื•ืช
01:00
since 1993.
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ืžืื– 1993.
01:02
I've explored, experienced,
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ื—ืงืจืชื™, ื”ืชื ืกื™ืชื™,
01:04
and experimented enterprise
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ื•ืขืจื›ืชื™ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื–ืžื•ืช
01:06
and capitalism to my heart's content.
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ื•ื‘ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ืžืชื•ืš ืื”ื‘ื”.
01:09
I built, along with my two brothers,
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ื‘ื ื™ืชื™, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™
01:11
the leading real estate company in my home state, Kerala,
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ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžื•ืœื“ืชื™, ืงืจืืœื”.
01:15
and then worked professionally
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ื•ืื– ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™
01:17
with two of India's biggest businessmen,
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ืขื ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•,
01:20
but in their startup enterprises.
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ื‘ืžื™ื–ืžื™ ื”ื”ื–ื ืง ืฉืœื”ื.
01:23
In 2003, when I stepped out of the pure play capitalistic sector
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ื‘-2003, ื›ืฉื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื ืงื™ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
01:28
to work on so-called social sector issues,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™,
01:32
I definitely did not have any grand strategy
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
01:36
or plan to pursue and find
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ืื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื• ืื™ืชื•ืจ
01:39
for-profit solutions
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ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื ื™ื‘ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—
01:41
to addressing pressing public issues.
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ื›ืžืขื ื” ืขืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื•ื—ืงื™ื.
01:44
When life brought about a series
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ื›ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืœื• ืกื“ืจื”
01:46
of death and near-death experiences
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ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžืขื˜-ืžื•ื•ืช
01:49
within my close circle,
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ื‘ื—ื•ื’ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™,
01:51
which highlighted the need
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ืฉื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš
01:53
for an emergency medical response service in India,
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ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•,
01:56
similar to 911 in USA.
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ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœ-911 ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
01:59
To address this, I, along with four friends,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื–ืืช, ืื ื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:02
founded Ambulance Access for All,
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ื™ื™ืกื“ื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช "ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื›ืคื™ืŸ",
02:04
to promote life-support ambulance services in India.
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ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•.
02:08
For those from the developing world,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—,
02:10
there is nothing, absolutely nothing new in this idea.
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
02:13
But as we envisioned it,
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ืืš ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืœืœ
02:15
we had three key goals:
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžืคืชื—:
02:17
Providing world-class life support ambulance service
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ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื ืžืฆื™ืœ-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช
02:20
which is fully self-sustainable from its own revenue streams,
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื•,
02:23
and universally accessible
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ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื
02:25
to anyone in a medical emergency,
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืจืคื•ืื™,
02:28
irrespective of the capability to pay.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืฉืœื.
02:31
The service which grew out of this,
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ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืฆืžื— ืžื›ืš,
02:33
Dial 1298 for Ambulance,
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"ื—ื™ื™ื’ 1298 ืœืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก,"
02:35
with one ambulance in 2004,
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ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืขื ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก ืื—ื“ ื‘-2004,
02:38
now has a hundred-plus ambulances in three states,
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ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขืชื” ืžืขืœ ืžืื” ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,
02:41
and has transported over 100,000 patients
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ื•ืฉื”ืกื™ืข ืžืขืœ 100,000 ื—ื•ืœื™ื
02:44
and victims since inception.
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ื•ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืื– ื™ื™ืกื•ื“ื•.
02:46
The service is -- (Applause)
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ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื -- [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
02:49
fully self-sustainable from its own revenues,
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ืขืฆืžืื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื•,
02:52
without accessing any public funds,
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ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืงืจื ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช
02:54
and the cross-subsidy model actually works,
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ื•ื”ื“ื’ื ืฉืœ ืกื™ื‘ืกื•ื“ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืคื•ืขืœ,
02:58
where the rich pays higher, poor pays lower,
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ื›ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื - ืคื—ื•ืช,
03:01
and the accident victim is getting the service free of charge.
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื.
03:05
The service responded effectively
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ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘
03:07
and efficiently,
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ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช,
03:09
during the unfortunate
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžืฆืขืจื™ื
03:11
26/11 Mumbai terror attacks.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืคืช ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืžื‘ืื™ ื‘-26.11.
03:14
And as you can see from the visuals,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื”ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื,
03:18
the service was responding and rescuing
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ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ื•ื”ืฆื™ืœ
03:21
victims from the incident locations
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ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืืชืจื™ ื”ืชืงืจื™ื•ืช
03:24
even before the police could cordon off
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืกื’ื•ืจ
03:27
the incident locations
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ืืช ืืชืจื™ ื”ืชืงืจื™ื•ืช
03:30
and formally confirm it as a terror strike.
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ื•ืœืืฉืจ ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืงืคืช ื˜ืจื•ืจ.
03:33
We ended up being the first medical response team
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
03:37
in every incident location
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืืชืจ ืชืงืจื™ืช
03:40
and transported 125 victims,
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ื•ื”ืกืขื ื• 125 ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช,
03:43
saving life.
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ื•ื”ืฆืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื.
03:45
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
03:50
In tribute and remembrance
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ืœื–ื›ืจ
03:54
of 26/11 attacks
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ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ื”-26.11,
03:58
over the last one year,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื•ืœืคืช,
04:01
we have actually helped a Pakistani NGO,
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ืกื™ื™ืขื ื• ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืคืงื™ืกื˜ื ื™,
04:04
Aman Foundation,
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"ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืขืžืืŸ",
04:07
to set up a self-sustainable life support ambulance service
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ืœื”ืงื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืœื”ืฆืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื
04:11
in Karachi, facilitated by Acumen Fund.
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ื‘ืงืจืฆ'ื™, ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข "ืงืจืŸ ืืงื•ืžืŸ".
04:14
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
04:20
It's a small message from us,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืกืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
04:24
in our own small way
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื• ื”ืฆื ื•ืขื”
04:26
to the enemies of humanity,
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ืœืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช,
04:28
of Islam, of South Asia,
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ื”ืื™ืกืœื, ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืกื™ื”,
04:31
of India, and of Pakistan,
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ื”ื•ื“ื• ื•ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
04:34
that humanity will continue to bloom,
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ืฉื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉื’ืฉื’,
04:37
irrespective of such dastardly attacks.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
04:39
Since then I've also co-founded two other social enterprises.
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ืžืื– ื’ื ื™ื™ืกื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
04:43
One is Education Access for All,
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ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื "ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื›ืœ",
04:45
setting up schools in small-town India.
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ืฉืžืงื™ื ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•.
04:48
And the other is Moksha-Yug Access,
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ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื "ืžื•ืงืฉื” ื™ื•ื’",
04:50
which is integrating rural supply chain
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืฉืช ืืกืคืงื” ื›ืคืจื™ืช
04:52
on the foundations of self-help group-based microfinance.
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ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื–ืขื™ืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืขื–ืจื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช.
04:57
I guess we seem to be doing at least a few things right.
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ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
05:00
Because diligent investors and venture funds
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ื›ื™ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืžืชืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ
05:03
have committed over 7.5 million dollars in funding.
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ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-7.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ.
05:07
With the significance being these funds have come in
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ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืงืจื ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืช
05:09
as a QT capital, not as grant or as philanthropy.
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ื›ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื›ืžื™ืœื’ื” ืื• ื ื“ื‘ื”.
05:13
Now I come back to the idea of the new social enterprise
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ื•ื›ืขืช ืื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”
05:16
that I'm exploring.
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ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
05:18
Corruption, bribes, and lack of transparency.
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ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ืฉื•ื—ื“ ื•ื”ืขื“ืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
05:21
You may be surprised to know
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชื•ืคืชืขื• ืœื“ืขืช
05:23
that eight speakers yesterday
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ืฉืฉืžื•ื ื” ื ื•ืืžื™ื ืืชืžื•ืœ
05:26
actually mentioned these terms in their talks.
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ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ื.
05:29
Bribes and corruption have both a demand and a supply side,
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ืœืฉื•ื—ื“ ื•ื’ื ืœืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆืข ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ.
05:32
with the supply side being mostly of
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ
05:35
greedy corporate unethical businesses
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ืขืกืงื™ื ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืชืื‘ื™-ื‘ืฆืข ื•ื—ืกืจื™-ืžื•ืกืจ
05:37
and hapless common man.
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™-ืžื–ืœ.
05:39
And the demand side being mostly politicians,
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื,
05:42
bureaucrats and those who have discretionary power
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ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื, ื•ืืœื” ืฉื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜
05:44
vested with them.
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ื”ื•ืขื ืง ืœื”ื.
05:46
According to World Bank estimate,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
05:48
one trillion dollars is paid in bribes
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ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื›ืฉื•ื—ื“
05:51
every year, worsening the condition
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”, ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘
05:53
of the already worse off.
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ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ืžืžื™ืœื.
05:55
Yet, if you analyze the common man,
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ืืš ืื ืชื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜,
05:58
he or she does not wake up every day and say,
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ื”ื•ื ืื• ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
06:01
"Hmm, let me see who I can pay a bribe to today."
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"ื”ืžืž, ื”ื‘ื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ืžื™ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื—ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื."
06:04
or, "Let me see who I can corrupt today."
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ืื•, "ืืช ืžื™ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื“ื™ื— ื”ื™ื•ื ืžื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจ."
06:07
Often it is the constraining or the back-to-the-wall situation
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ื‘ื“"ื› ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืื• ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื—ืงื•ืช ืœืคื™ื ื”
06:12
that the hapless common man finds himself or herself in
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ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืื•ืžืœืœ ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืื• ืขืฆืžื”
06:15
that leads him to pay a bribe.
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ื•ืืฉืจ ืžืืœืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืฉืœื ืฉื•ื—ื“.
06:17
In the modern day world, where time is premium
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื›ืฉืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ,
06:20
and battle for subsistence is unimaginably tough,
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ื•ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืงืฉื” ืžืขืœ ืœื›ืœ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ
06:23
the hapless common man
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ื™ืฉ-ื”ืžื–ืœ
06:25
simply gives in and pays the bribe just to get on with life.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื•ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืฉืœื ืฉื•ื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•.
06:30
Now, let me ask you another question.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืฉืืœ ืืชื›ื ืฉืืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช.
06:32
Imagine you are being asked to pay a bribe
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืฉืืชื ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืฉื•ื—ื“
06:34
in your day-to-day life to get something done.
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ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
06:37
What do you do? Of course you can call the police.
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ืžื” ืชืขืฉื•? ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
06:40
But what is the use if the police department is in itself steeped in corruption?
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ืืš ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ืฉืงื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช?
06:44
Most definitely you don't want to pay the bribe.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“.
06:47
But you also don't have the time, resources,
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ืืš ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ื–ืžืŸ, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื,
06:50
expertise or wherewithal to fight this.
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ื™ื“ืข ืื• ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื›ืš.
06:53
Unfortunately, many of us in this room
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื•ืœื
06:57
are supporters of capitalist policies and market forces.
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ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง.
07:01
Yet the market forces around the world
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ืืš ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
07:04
have not yet thrown up a service where you can call in,
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ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืงืจื‘ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•,
07:07
pay a fee, and fight the demand for a bribe.
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ืœืฉืœื ืชืžื•ืจืชื• ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“.
07:10
Like a bribe buster service,
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ื ื ื™ื—, "ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ืฉื•ื—ื“",
07:13
or 1-800-Fight-Bribes,
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ืื• "1-800-ืื ื˜ื™-ืฉื•ื—ื“",
07:15
or www.stopbribes.org or
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ืื• ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืœืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฉื•ื—ื“
07:19
www.preventcorruption.org.
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ืื• ืืชืจ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
07:22
Such a service simply do not exist.
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ื ื ื• ืงื™ื™ื.
07:25
One image that has haunted me
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ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืจื“ืคื” ืื•ืชื™
07:27
from my early business days
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื
07:29
is of a grandmother, 70 plus years, being harassed
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืชื ื‘ืช 70 ืคืœื•ืก, ืฉืกื‘ืœื” ื”ื˜ืจื“ื”
07:32
by the bureaucrats in the town planning office.
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ืฉืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™.
07:35
All she needed was permission to build three steps
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ื”ื™ื ืจืฆืชื” ืจืง ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช 3 ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช
07:37
to her house, from ground level,
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ืืœ ื‘ื™ืชื”, ืžืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข,
07:39
making it easier for her to enter and exit her house.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœืฆืืช.
07:42
Yet the officer in charge would not simply give her the permit
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ืืš ื”ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ
07:45
for want of a bribe.
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ื›ื™ ืฆื™ืคื” ืœืฉื•ื—ื“.
07:47
Even though it pricked my conscience then,
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ื•ืืฃ ืฉืžืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืง ืœื™ ืื–,
07:49
I could not, or rather I did not
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ
07:51
tend to her or assist her,
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ืœื ื ื™ื’ืฉืชื™ ื•ืœื ืขื–ืจืชื™ ืœื”,
07:54
because I was busy building my real estate company.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
07:56
I don't want to be haunted by such images any more.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืžืจืื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื™ืจื“ืคื• ืื•ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:00
A group of us have been working on a pilot basis
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืช
08:02
to address individual instances of demands
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ื•ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช
08:05
for bribes for common services or entitlement.
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ืœืฉื•ื—ื“ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืื• ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
08:08
And in all 42 cases where we have pushed back such demands
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ 42 ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื“ืคื ื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืืœื”
08:11
using existing and legitimate tools
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื
08:14
like the Right to Information Act,
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ื›ืžื• ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
08:16
video, audio, or peer pressure,
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ื•ื™ื“ืื•, ืื•ื“ื™ื•, ืื• ืœื—ืฅ ืžืฆื“ ืขืžื™ืชื™ื,
08:19
we have successfully obtained whatever our clients
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื•
08:21
set out to achieve without actually paying a bribe.
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืœื ืฉื•ื ืฉื•ื—ื“.
08:25
And with the cost of these tools being substantially lower
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ืžื—ื™ืจื ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช
08:28
than the bribe demanded.
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ืžื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“.
08:30
I believe that these tools that worked in these 42 pilot cases
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืคืขืœื• ื‘-42 ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
08:35
can be consolidated in standard processes
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืœื›ืœืœ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืชืงื ื™ื™ื
08:39
in a BPO kind of environment,
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ื‘ืžืขื™ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืขืกืงื™,
08:42
and made available on web, call-center
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ื ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื™ื
08:45
and franchise physical offices,
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื™ื•ืŸ,
08:47
for a fee, to serve anyone confronted with a demand for a bribe.
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ืชืžื•ืจืช ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ืชืงืœ ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœืฉื•ื—ื“.
08:52
The target market is as tempting as it can get.
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ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืคืชื” ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ.
08:55
It can be worth up to one trillion dollars,
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ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ,
08:58
being paid in bribes every year,
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ืฉื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื›ืฉื•ื—ื“ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”,
09:00
or equal to India's GDP.
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ืื• ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•.
09:03
And it is an absolutely virgin market.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
09:06
I propose to explore this idea further,
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”,
09:09
to examine the potential of creating
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช
09:11
a for-profit, fee-based BPO
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ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืขืกืงื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื
09:15
kind of service to stop bribes
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ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“
09:17
and prevent corruption.
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ื•ื™ืžื ืข ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
09:19
I do realize that the fight for justice
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืง
09:22
against corruption is never easy.
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ื•ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืงืœื”.
09:25
It never has been and it never will be.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื–ื•, ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ื’ื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื”.
09:27
In my last 18 months as a lawyer,
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ื‘-18 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ืœืคื• ืขืœื™ ื›ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ,
09:30
battling small- and large-scale corruption,
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ื‘ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
09:32
including the one perpetrated by India's biggest corporate scamster.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื”ื•ื ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•
09:36
Through his charities
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ืฉื“ืจืš ืžืคืขืœื™ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืฉืœื•
09:38
I have had three police cases filed against me
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ืคืชื— ื ื’ื“ื™ 3 ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื”
09:41
alleging trespass, impersonation and intimidation.
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ื‘ื”ืืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื’ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื•ืžื™ื.
09:44
The battle against corruption
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ื”ืงืจื‘ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช
09:46
exacts a toll on ourselves,
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ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
09:48
our families, our friends, and even our kids.
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ืžืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ืžื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื•ืืฃ ืžื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•.
09:52
Yet I believe the price we pay is well worth holding on
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ืืš ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื ืฉืœื ืฉื•ื•ื”
09:54
to our dignity and making the world a fairer place.
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ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื• ื•ืืช ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:58
What gives us the courage?
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ืžื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืžืฅ?
10:00
As my close friend replied, when told
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื ื”, ื›ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื•,
10:02
during the seeding days of the ambulance project
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ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืงืžืช ืžื™ื–ื ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืกื™ื,
10:05
that it is an impossible task
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ืฉื–ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช,
10:07
and the founders are insane to chalk up their blue-chip jobs,
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ื•ืฉื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ื•ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื™ืงืจ,
10:10
I quote: "Of course we cannot fail in this,
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ื˜, "ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืš
10:13
at least in our own minds.
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขืชื ื•.
10:15
For we are insane people,
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ื”ืจื™ ืื ื• ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื,
10:17
trying to do an impossible task.
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ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
10:19
And an insane person does not know what an impossible task is." Thank you.
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ื•ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช." ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
10:23
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
10:31
Chris Anderson: Shaffi, that is a really exciting business idea.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ืฉืืคื™, ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ืžืžืฉ ืžืœื”ื™ื‘.
10:36
Shaffi Mather: I just have to get through the initial days where I don't get eliminated.
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ืฉ"ืž: ืขืœื™ ืจืง ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื—ื•ืกืœ.
10:40
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
10:42
CA: What's on your mind?
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ื›"ื: ืžื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš?
10:43
I mean, give us a sense of the numbers here --
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื--
10:45
a typical bribe and a typical fee. I mean, what's in your head?
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ืฉื•ื—ื“ ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืžื•ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™. ืžื” ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื?
10:48
SM: So let me ... Let me give you an example.
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ืก"ืž: ืืชืŸ ืœืš ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
10:52
Somebody who had applied for the passport.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืคื ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ.
10:55
The officer was just sitting on it
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ื”ืคืงื™ื“ ืขื™ื›ื‘ ืื•ืชื•
10:58
and was demanding around 3,000 rupees in bribes.
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ื•ื“ืจืฉ ื›-3,000 ืจื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื•ื—ื“.
11:01
And he did not want to pay.
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ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื.
11:04
So we actually used the Right to Information Act,
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ืื– ื ื™ืฆืœื ื• ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
11:06
which is equal to the Freedom of Information Act in the United States,
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ืฉื–ื”ื” ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™,
11:09
and pushed back the officers in this particular case.
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ื•ื”ื“ืคื ื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืคืงื™ื“.
11:14
And in all these 42 cases,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ 42 ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
11:16
when we kept pushing them back,
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ื›ืฉื”ื“ืคื ื• ืื•ืชื,
11:19
there was three kinds of reaction.
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ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
11:21
A set of people actually say,
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ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืžืจื•,
11:23
"Oh, let me just grant it to them, and run away from it."
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"ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื™ ืืชืŸ ืœื•, ืจืง ืชืขื–ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืงื˜."
11:26
Some people actually come back and say,
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืืžืจื•,
11:29
"Oh, you want to screw me. Let me show you what I can do."
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"ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ืื™ืชื™? ื—ื›ื• ื•ืชืจืื• ืžื” ืืขืฉื” ืœื›ื."
11:32
And he will push us back.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ื“ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•.
11:34
So you take the next step, or use the next tool available
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ื•ืื– ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื, ืื• ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื
11:38
in what we are putting together,
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ื‘ืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืจื›ื‘ื ื•,
11:40
and then he relents.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืจื›ื›ื™ื.
11:43
By the third time, in all 42 cases, we have achieved success.
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื‘ื›ืœ 42 ื”ืžืงืจื™ื, ื”ืฉื’ื ื• ื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
11:46
CA: But if it's a 3,000-rupee, 70-dollar bribe,
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ื›"ื: ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ 3,000 ืจื•ืคื™ื•ืช, 70 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
11:51
what fee would you have to charge,
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ืื™ื–ื” ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชื“ืจืฉื•
11:53
and can you actually make the business work?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืขืกืง ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™?
11:55
SM: Well, actually the cost that we incurred
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ืก"ืž: ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื“ืจืฉื ื•
11:59
was less than 200 rupees.
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ื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-200 ืจื•ืคื™ื•ืช,
12:02
So, it actually works.
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“.
12:05
CA: That's a high gross margin business. I like it.
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ื›"ื: ื–ื”ื• ืขืกืง ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ืžื•ืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™.
12:08
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
12:10
SM: I actually did not want to answer this on the TED stage.
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ืก"ืž: ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžืขืœ ื‘ืžืช TED.
12:13
CA: OK, so these are provisional numbers, no pricing guarantee.
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ื›"ื: ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื– ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ืžื ื™, ืœื ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—.
12:17
If you can pull this off, you will be a global hero.
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ืื ืชืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื›ืš, ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
12:20
I mean, this could be huge.
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ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ื.
12:22
Thank you so much for sharing this idea at TED.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉืฉื™ืชืคืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื›ืืŸ ื‘-TED.
12:24
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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