The new American Dream | Courtney Martin

253,880 views ใƒป 2016-09-28

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Dani Segdan ืžื‘ืงืจ: Zeeva Livshitz
00:12
I'm a journalist,
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ืื ื™ ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ืช,
00:14
so I like to look for the untold stories,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœื ืžืกื•ืคืจื™ื,
00:16
the lives that quietly play out under the scream of headlines.
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื–ืขืงืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช.
00:20
I've also been going about the business of putting down roots,
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ืื ื™ ื’ื ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืขืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื,
00:24
choosing a partner, making babies.
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ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’, ื•ืœื™ื“ืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช.
00:27
So for the last few years,
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ืื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
00:29
I've been trying to understand
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
00:30
what constitutes the 21st-century good life,
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ืžื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21,
00:35
both because I'm fascinated by the moral and philosophical implications,
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ื’ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช,
00:39
but also because I'm in desperate need of answers myself.
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ื•ื’ื ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื–ืงื•ืงื” ื ื•ืืฉื•ืช ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
00:43
We live in tenuous times.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
00:46
In fact, for the first time in American history,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
00:49
the majority of parents do not think that their kids will be better off
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ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘
00:53
than they were.
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ืžืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื•.
00:55
This is true of rich and poor, men and women.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื.
00:59
Now, some of you might hear this and feel sad.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ืœืงื›ื ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืชืขืฆื‘ ื›ืฉื™ืฉืžืข ืืช ื–ื”.
01:01
After all, America is deeply invested
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ื”ืจื™ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžืฉืงื™ืขื” ื”ืจื‘ื”
01:04
in this idea of economic transcendence,
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ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
01:07
that every generation kind of leapfrogs the one before it,
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ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ืžืชืงื“ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื,
01:11
earning more, buying more, being more.
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ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืงื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืงื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:15
We've exported this dream all over the world,
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ื™ื™ืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
01:17
so kids in Brazil and China and even Kenya
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ืื– ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ ื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงื ื™ื”
01:20
inherit our insatiable expectation
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ื™ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืกื™ืคื•ืง
01:23
for more.
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ืœืขื•ื“.
01:25
But when I read this historic poll for the first time,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืงืจืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืกืงืจ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
01:28
it didn't actually make me feel sad.
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ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืขืฆื•ื‘ื”.
01:30
It felt like a provocation.
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงืฆื™ื”.
01:33
"Better off" -- based on whose standards?
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"ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘" - ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™?
01:37
Is "better off" finding a secure job
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ื”ืื "ืžืฆื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”
01:39
that you can count on for the rest of your life?
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ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœื™ื” ืœืฉืืจื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ืš?
01:42
Those are nearly extinct.
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ืืœื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื›ื—ื“ื•.
01:43
People move jobs, on average, every 4.7 years,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืœ 4.7 ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข,
01:47
and it's estimated that by 2020,
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ื•ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2020,
01:49
nearly half of Americans will be freelancers.
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ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื
01:53
OK, so is better off just a number?
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ื”ืื "ืžืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ" ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ?
01:56
Is it about earning as much as you possibly can?
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ื”ืื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื›ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื•?
02:00
By that singular measurement, we are failing.
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ืœืคื™ ืžื“ื“ ื–ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืฉืœื™ื.
02:03
Median per capita income has been flat since about 2000,
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ืขืจืš ื”ื—ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœื ืคืฉ ื ืฉืืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืื– ืฉื ืช 2000,
02:07
adjusted for inflation.
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ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”.
02:10
All right, so is better off getting a big house with a white picket fence?
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื– ื”ืื ืดืžืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจืด ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื’ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื ื’ื“ืจ ืขืฅ ืœื‘ื ื”?
02:14
Less of us are doing that.
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ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ื–ืืช.
02:16
Nearly five million people lost their homes in the Great Recession,
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ
02:20
and even more of us sobered up about the lengths we were willing to go --
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ื•ืืฃ ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช --
02:24
or be tricked into going, in many predatory cases --
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ืื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื›ื ืข ืœืœื›ืช ืขืดื™ ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ื‘ืฆืข --
02:27
to hold that deed.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื–ืืช.
02:29
Home-ownership rates are at their lowest since 1995.
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– 1995.
02:34
All right, so we're not finding steady employment,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ืื ื• ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”,
02:37
we're not earning as much money,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”,
02:39
and we're not living in big fancy houses.
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ื•ืื ื• ืœื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื.
02:42
Toll the funeral bells
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ืฆืœืฆืœื• ื‘ืคืขืžื•ื ื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื”
02:44
for everything that made America great.
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืืช ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืœื’ื“ื•ืœืชื”
02:48
But,
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ืื‘ืœ,
02:49
are those the best measurements of a country's greatness,
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ื”ืื ืืœื” ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
02:53
of a life well lived?
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ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื?
02:55
What I think makes America great is its spirit of reinvention.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ื— ื”ื”ืžืฆืื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
03:00
In the wake of the Great Recession,
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ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
03:01
more and more Americans are redefining what "better off" really means.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืžืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ"
03:06
Turns out, it has more to do with community and creativity
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช
03:10
than dollars and cents.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืœื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื•ืกื ื˜ื™ื.
03:12
Now, let me be very clear:
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื•ืจ:
03:15
the 14.8 percent of Americans living in poverty need money,
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14.8 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ.
03:20
plain and simple.
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ื—ื“ ื•ื—ืœืง.
03:22
And all of us need policies that protect us from exploitation
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื’ื ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžืคื ื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ
03:25
by employers and financial institutions.
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ืข"ื™ ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื.
03:29
Nothing that follows is meant to suggest that the gap between rich and poor
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื
03:33
is anything but profoundly immoral.
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ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืกืจื™.
03:38
But,
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ืื‘ืœ,
03:39
too often we let the conversation stop there.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ืฉื.
03:42
We talk about poverty as if it were a monolithic experience;
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ืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื ื™ ื›ืชื•ืคืขื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืžื ืขืช;
03:46
about the poor as if they were solely victims.
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
03:50
Part of what I've learned in my research and reporting
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ื—ืœืง ืžืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™ ื›ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ืช
03:53
is that the art of living well
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘
03:55
is often practiced most masterfully
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:58
by the most vulnerable.
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ืขืดื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:02
Now, if necessity is the mother of invention,
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ืื– ืื ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ื ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืจืš,
04:04
I've come to believe
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื”
04:06
that recession can be the father of consciousness.
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ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื ื•ืœื“ืช ืžืžื™ืชื•ืŸ.
04:10
It confronts us with profound questions,
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ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ืฉืืœื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช,
04:13
questions we might be too lazy or distracted to ask
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ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืขืฆืœื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืื• ืฉื“ืขืชื ื• ืžื•ืกื—ืช ืžื™ื“ื™ ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ
04:16
in times of relative comfort.
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ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
04:19
How should we work?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“?
04:20
How should we live?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช?
04:22
All of us, whether we realize it or not,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืื• ืœื,
04:25
seek answers to these questions,
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ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื•,
04:26
with our ancestors kind of whispering in our ears.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื•ื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื–ื ื™ื ื•.
04:31
My great-grandfather was a drunk in Detroit,
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ื”ืกื‘ื-ืจื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืชื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื˜ืจื•ื™ื˜,
04:35
who sometimes managed to hold down a factory job.
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ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืžืคืขืœ.
04:38
He had, as unbelievable as it might sound,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื•, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืœื ื™ืื•ืžืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข,
04:41
21 children,
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21 ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
04:43
with one woman, my great-grandmother,
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ืžืื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช, ื”ืกื‘ืชื-ืจื‘ื ืฉืœื™,
04:45
who died at 47 years old of ovarian cancer.
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ืฉืžืชื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 47 ืžืกืจื˜ืŸ ืฉื—ืœื•ืช.
04:49
Now, I'm pregnant with my second child,
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™,
04:51
and I cannot even fathom what she must have gone through.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”.
04:56
And if you're trying to do the math -- there were six sets of twins.
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ -- ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืฉื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืชืื•ืžื™ื.
05:00
So my grandfather, their son,
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ืื– ืกื‘ื™, ื‘ื ื,
05:03
became a traveling salesman,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื ื•ื“ื“,
05:05
and he lived boom and bust.
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ื•ื”ืชื ื“ื ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืคืข ืœืฉืคืœ.
05:06
So my dad grew up answering the door for debt collectors
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ืื– ืื‘ื™ ื’ื“ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ืชื— ื“ืœืช ืœื’ื•ื‘ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช
05:10
and pretending his parents weren't home.
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ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืคื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืื™ื ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
05:12
He actually took his braces off himself with pliers in the garage,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืจ ืžืฉื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืขื ืคืœื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื’ืจืื’',
05:17
when his father admitted he didn't have money
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ื›ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ
05:19
to go back to the orthodontist.
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ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื ื˜.
05:21
So my dad, unsurprisingly,
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ืื– ืœื ืคืœื ืฉืื‘ื™
05:24
became a bankruptcy lawyer.
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ื”ืคืš ืœืขื•"ื“ ืœืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืจื’ืœ.
05:26
Couldn't write this in a novel, right?
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ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืจื•ืžื ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
05:29
He was obsessed with providing a secure foundation
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ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืœืกืคืง ื‘ืกื™ืก ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—
05:32
for my brother and I.
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ืœืื—ื™ ื•ืœื™.
05:34
So I ask these questions by way of a few generations of struggle.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื“ืจืš ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืื‘ืง.
05:38
My parents made sure that I grew up on a kind of steady ground
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ื”ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืื’ื“ืœ ืขืœ ืงืจืงืข ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”
05:41
that allows one to question and risk and leap.
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ, ืœืกื›ืŸ ื•ืœื–ื ืง.
05:45
And ironically, and probably sometimes to their frustration,
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืื™ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืชื™ืกื›ื•ืœื,
05:49
it is their steadfast commitment to security
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ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืคืฉืจืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™
05:52
that allows me to question its value,
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ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื™ ืœืคืงืคืง ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืœื•.
05:55
or at least its value as we've historically defined it
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ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืœื• ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”
05:58
in the 21st century.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”-21.
06:00
So let's dig into this first question:
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชืขืžืง ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”:
06:03
How should we work?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“?
06:06
We should work like our mothers.
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
06:09
That's right -- we've spent decades
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ -- ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื ื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื
06:11
trying to fit women into a work world built for company men.
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื.
06:16
And many have done backbends to fit in,
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ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืฉื• ืฉืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘.
06:18
but others have carved a more unconventional path,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช,
06:21
creating a patchwork of meaning and money
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ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ื›ืกืฃ
06:23
with enough flexibility to do what they need to do
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ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช
06:26
for those that they love.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ื•ืช.
06:28
My mom called it "just making it work."
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ืืžื™ ื›ื™ื ืชื” ื–ืืช "ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ"
06:31
Today I hear life coaches call it "a portfolio career."
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ื›ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืงื•ืืฆ'ืจื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช "ืชื™ืง ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”".
06:35
Whatever you call it,
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช
06:37
more and more men are craving these whole, if not harried, lives.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื”ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžื ื ืืžืจ ืจื•ื•ื™ื™ ื“ืื’ื” ืืœื•.
06:43
They're waking up to their desire and duty to be present fathers and sons.
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ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื.
06:48
Now, artist Ann Hamilton has said,
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ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ืืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืืžืจื”,
06:51
"Labor is a way of knowing."
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"ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืœื™ื“ืข".
06:54
Labor is a way of knowing.
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ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื™ื“ืข.
06:55
In other words, what we work on
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ื‘ืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื•
06:57
is what we understand about the world.
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ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:01
If this is true, and I think it is,
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ืื ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื›ืŸ,
07:03
then women who have disproportionately cared for the little ones
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ืื– ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื“ืื’ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช
07:06
and the sick ones and the aging ones,
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ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื–ืงื ื™ื
07:08
have disproportionately benefited
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ื ื”ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™
07:11
from the most profound kind of knowing there is:
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ืžืกื•ื’ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื™ื™ื:
07:15
knowing the human condition.
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ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
07:18
By prioritizing care,
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ืข"ื™ ื”ืขื“ืคืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
07:20
men are, in a sense, staking their claim
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื•ืช
07:23
to the full range of human existence.
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ืขืœ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
07:27
Now, this means the nine-to-five no longer works for anyone.
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืฉืข-ืขื“-ื—ืžืฉ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“.
07:30
Punch clocks are becoming obsolete, as are career ladders.
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ืฉืขื•ื ื™ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืกื•ืœื ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”,
07:33
Whole industries are being born and dying every day.
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ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
07:36
It's all nonlinear from here.
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ืžืคื” ื•ื”ืœืื” ื”ื›ืœ ืžืชืคืชื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืœื™ื ืืจื™.
07:39
So we need to stop asking kids,
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ืื– ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
07:41
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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"ืžื” ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉืชื’ื“ืœื•?"
07:43
and start asking them, "How do you want to be when you grow up?"
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ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื "ืื™ืš ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉืชื’ื“ืœื•?"
07:47
Their work will constantly change.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื” ืฉืœื”ื ืชืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืชื“ื™ืจ.
07:49
The common denominator is them.
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ื”ืžื›ื ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื–ื” ื”ื ืขืฆืžื.
07:51
So the more they understand their gifts
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ืื– ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
07:53
and create crews of ideal collaborators,
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ื•ื™ื™ืฆืจื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
07:55
the better off they will be.
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ื›ืš ื™ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœื”ื.
07:58
The challenge ahead is to reinvent the social safety net
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
08:01
to fit this increasingly fragmented economy.
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ืฉืชืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ืกืขืช.
08:04
We need portable health benefits.
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื”.
08:06
We need policies that reflect that everyone deserves to be vulnerable
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืข
08:09
or care for vulnerable others,
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ืื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื.
08:11
without becoming destitute.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื—ืกืจ ื›ืœ.
08:13
We need to seriously consider a universal basic income.
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื.
08:15
We need to reinvent labor organizing.
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
08:18
The promise of a work world that is structured to actually fit
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ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ื‘ืืžืช
08:22
our 21st century values,
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ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21,
08:24
not some archaic idea about bringing home the bacon,
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ื•ืœื ืกืชื ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉืื‘ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืœื— ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืคืจื ืกื”,
08:27
is long overdue --
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืžืžืฉ ืžื–ืžืŸ --
08:29
just ask your mother.
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ืฉืืœื• ืืช ืืžื ืฉืœื›ื.
08:31
Now, how about the second question:
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”:
08:33
How should we live?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช?
08:35
We should live
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช
08:37
like our immigrant ancestors.
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ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื.
08:41
When they came to America,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื‘ืื• ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”,
08:42
they often shared apartments, survival tactics, child care --
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ื”ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื• ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื --
08:46
always knew how to fill one more belly,
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื“ืขื• ืื™ืš ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืคื”,
08:48
no matter how small the food available.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืขื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ.
08:51
But they were told that success meant leaving the village behind
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืคืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจ
08:55
and pursuing that iconic symbol of the American Dream,
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ื•ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™,
08:58
the white picket fence.
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ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืขืฅ ื”ืœื‘ื ื”.
09:00
And even today, we see a white picket fence
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ื, ื›ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื’ื“ืจ ืขืฅ ืœื‘ื ื”
09:02
and we think success, self-possession.
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ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ื”ื’ืฉืžื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช.
09:04
But when you strip away the sentimentality,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืžืกื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช,
09:07
what it really does is divides us.
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ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื ื•.
09:10
Many Americans are rejecting the white picket fence
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ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืขืฅ ื”ืœื‘ื ื”
09:12
and the kind of highly privatized life that happened within it,
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ื•ืืช ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”,
09:16
and reclaiming village life,
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ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ื›ืคืจ,
09:17
reclaiming interdependence instead.
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ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
09:21
Fifty million of us, for example,
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื™ืชื ื•
09:22
live in intergenerational households.
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
09:26
This number exploded with the Great Recession,
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืงืคืฅ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
09:28
but it turns out people actually like living this way.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืš.
09:31
Two-thirds of those who are living with multiple generations under one roof
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ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžืืœื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืื—ืช
09:35
say it's improved their relationships.
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืฉื™ืคืจ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
09:38
Some people are choosing to share homes not with family,
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ืžืกืคืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื‘ืชื™ื ืœื ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
09:40
but with other people who understand the health and economic benefits
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ืืœื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื
09:44
of daily community.
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ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช.
09:46
CoAbode, an online platform for single moms looking to share homes
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ืœ- CoAbode, ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช ืœืืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื
09:49
with other single moms,
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ืขื ืืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช,
09:51
has 50,000 users.
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ื™ืฉ 50 ืืœืฃ ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื,
09:53
And people over 65 are especially prone
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ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 65 ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื˜ื™ื”
09:56
to be looking for these alternative living arrangements.
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ืœื—ืคืฉ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื•.
10:00
They understand that their quality of life
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ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
10:02
depends on a mix of solitude and solidarity.
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ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:07
Which is true of all of us when you think about it,
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”,
10:10
young and old alike.
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ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื–ืงื ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“.
10:11
For too long, we've pretended that happiness is a king in his castle.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืžื“ื™ ื”ืขืžื“ื ื• ืคื ื™ื ืฉื”ืื•ืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื‘ื˜ื™ืจืชื•,
10:16
But all the research proves otherwise.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืื—ืจืช.
10:19
It shows that the healthiest, happiest and even safest --
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ื”ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ --
10:22
in terms of both climate change disaster, in terms of crime, all of that --
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื, ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืฉืข, ื›ืœ ืืœื” --
10:28
are Americans who live lives intertwined with their neighbors.
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ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืืฆืœ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืขื ืฉื›ื ื™ื”ื.
10:32
Now, I've experienced this firsthand.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
10:35
For the last few years, I've been living in a cohousing community.
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื.
10:38
It's 1.5 acres of persimmon trees,
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6 ื“ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืขืฆื™ ืืคืจืกืžื•ืŸ,
10:41
this prolific blackberry bush that snakes around a community garden,
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ืฉื™ื— ืชื•ืช ืคื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื’ืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
10:45
all smack-dab, by the way, in the middle of urban Oakland.
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ื”ื›ืœ, ืื’ื‘, ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ืื•ืงืœื ื“.
10:49
The nine units are all built to be different,
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ืชืฉืข ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื•,
10:51
different sizes, different shapes,
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ื‘ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
10:53
but they're meant to be as green as possible.
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ืืš ื”ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
10:55
So big, shiny black solar cells on our roof
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ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืคื ืœื™ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื™ื
10:57
mean our electricity bill rarely exceeds
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ื›ืš ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืจื’
10:59
more than five bucks in a month.
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ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
11:01
The 25 of us who live there are all different ages and political persuasions
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ื›ืœ ื”-25 ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืฉื’ืจื™ื ืฉื, ื”ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช
11:05
and professions,
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ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
11:06
and we live in homes that have everything a typical home would have.
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ื•ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™.
11:10
But additionally,
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ืืš ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ,
11:11
we share an industrial-sized kitchen and eating area,
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ืื ื• ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืื›ื™ืœื”,
11:13
where we have common meals twice a week.
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ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
11:15
Now, people, when I tell them I live like this,
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื™ื” ื›ืš,
11:18
often have one of two extreme reactions.
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ื™ืฉ ืื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
11:20
Either they say, "Why doesn't everyone live like this?"
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืœืžื” ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืš?"
11:22
Or they say, "That sounds totally horrifying.
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžื—ืจื™ื“ ืœื’ืžืจื™.
11:25
I would never want to do that."
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ืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช".
11:27
So let me reassure you: there is a sacred respect for privacy among us,
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ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ื: ืื ื• ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•,
11:32
but also a commitment to what we call "radical hospitality" --
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื—ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื "ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช" --
11:37
not the kind advertised by the Four Seasons,
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ืœื ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ืฉืžืœื•ืŸ 'ืืจื‘ืข ืขื•ื ื•ืช' ืžืคืจืกื,
11:40
but the kind that says that every single person is worthy of kindness,
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ืืœื ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘,
11:46
full stop, end of sentence.
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ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.
11:49
The biggest surprise for me of living in a community like this?
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ื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื›ื–ื•?
11:53
You share all the domestic labor -- the repairing, the cooking, the weeding --
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช -- ื”ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ, ื ื™ื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืขืฉื‘ื™ื --
11:57
but you also share the emotional labor.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช.
11:59
Rather than depending only on the idealized family unit
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืช
12:02
to get all of your emotional needs met,
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ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื›ืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ื›ื ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ื™ื,
12:04
you have two dozen other people that you can go to
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื 24 ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคื ื•ืช
12:06
to talk about a hard day at work
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ืงืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
12:08
or troubleshoot how to handle an abusive teacher.
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ืื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžื•ืจื” ืžืชืขืœืœ.
12:12
Teenagers in our community will often go to an adult that is not their parent
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ื‘ื ื™ ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืชื ื• ื™ืคื ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื”ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื
12:17
to ask for advice.
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ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืขืฆื”.
12:19
It's what bell hooks called "revolutionary parenting,"
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืงืก ื›ื™ื ืชื” "ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ืช"
12:22
this humble acknowledgment
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ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื‘ื›ืš
12:24
that kids are healthier when they have a wider range of adults
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ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
12:27
to emulate and count on.
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ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื•ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืœื”ื ืชืžื™ื›ื”.
12:30
Turns out, adults are healthier, too.
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:33
It's a lot of pressure,
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ื–ื” ืœื—ืฅ ืžืื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
12:35
trying to be that perfect family behind that white picket fence.
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ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืื•ืชื” ื’ื“ืจ ืขืฅ ืœื‘ื ื”.
12:40
The "new better off," as I've come to call it,
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ื”"ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉืด ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื•,
12:42
is less about investing in the perfect family
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ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช
12:45
and more about investing in the imperfect village,
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื”ืœื ืžื•ืฉืœื,
12:49
whether that's relatives living under one roof,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื’ืจื™ื ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืื—ืช,
12:51
a cohousing community like mine,
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ืื• ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื™,
12:53
or just a bunch of neighbors who pledge to really know
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ืื• ืจืง ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ
12:56
and look out for one another.
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ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช.
12:58
It's good common sense, right?
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ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื?
13:00
And yet, money has often made us dumb
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™
13:03
about reaching out.
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ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ื™ื“.
13:05
The most reliable wealth
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ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื”ืžื”ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
13:07
is found in relationship.
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ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื.
13:11
The new better off is not an individual prospect at all.
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื
13:15
In fact, if you're a failure or you think you're a failure,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ืืชื ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืืชื ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ,
13:18
I've got some good news for you:
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื:
13:20
you might be a success by standards you have not yet honored.
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ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืชื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืœืžื“ืชื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš.
13:24
Maybe you're a mediocre earner but a masterful father.
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ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืืชื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
13:28
Maybe you can't afford your dream home,
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ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
13:30
but you throw legendary neighborhood parties.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืืœื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ื ืชื™ื•ืช.
13:34
If you're a textbook success,
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ืื ืืชื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ
13:36
the implications of what I'm saying could be more grim for you.
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ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื’ื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
13:40
You might be a failure by standards you hold dear
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ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืืชื ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืขืค"ื™ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื™ื ืœืœื‘ื›ื
13:43
but that the world doesn't reward.
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ืืš ืœื ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
13:46
Only you can know.
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ืจืง ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืขืช.
13:49
I know that I am not a tribute
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื• ืื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืจื”
13:52
to my great-grandmother,
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ืœืกื‘ืชื-ืจื‘ื ืฉืœื™,
13:54
who lived such a short and brutish life,
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ืฉื—ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื” ืงืฆืจื™ื ื•ืื›ื–ืจื™ื™ื,
13:56
if I earn enough money to afford every creature comfort.
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ืื ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื›ืจืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื™ ื›ืœ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
14:00
You can't buy your way out of suffering or into meaning.
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ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืชื›ื ืžื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœื›ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
14:03
There is no home big enough
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ
14:05
to erase the pain that she must have endured.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื›ืื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืกื‘ืœื”.
14:09
I am a tribute to her
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ื—ื™ื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื• ืื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืจื” ืœื–ื›ืจื”
14:10
if I live a life as connected and courageous as possible.
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ืื ืื—ื™ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืืžื™ืฆื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ
14:16
In the midst of such widespread uncertainty,
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื” ืฉื›ื™ื— ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช,
14:19
we may, in fact, be insecure.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
14:22
But we can let that insecurity make us brittle
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืช ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืจื™ื
14:25
or supple.
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ืื• ื—ืœืฉื™ื.
14:26
We can turn inward, lose faith in the power of institutions to change --
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ื ืก ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืœืื‘ื“ ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืžืžืกื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช --
14:31
even lose faith in ourselves.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืื‘ื“ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•.
14:34
Or we can turn outward,
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ืื• ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”,
14:36
cultivate faith in our ability to reach out, to connect, to create.
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ืœื˜ืคื— ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ื™ื“, ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ, ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ.
14:43
Turns out, the biggest danger
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ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:46
is not failing to achieve the American Dream.
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ืื™ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
14:49
The biggest danger is achieving a dream
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ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื’ืช ื—ืœื•ื
14:52
that you don't actually believe in.
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ืฉืืชื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื•.
14:55
So don't do that.
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ืื– ืืœ ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”.
14:57
Do the harder, more interesting thing,
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ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ื•ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
14:59
which is to compose a life where what you do every single day,
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ืฉื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
15:03
the people you give your best love and ingenuity and energy to,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื ืืชื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืื”ื‘ืชื›ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ืžืฆืื” ื•ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื,
15:07
aligns as closely as possible with what you believe.
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ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื›ื.
15:11
That, not something as mundane as making money,
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ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ืกืฃ,
15:14
is a tribute to your ancestors.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ืงืจื” ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื›ื.
15:16
That is the beautiful struggle.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื™ืคื”.
15:20
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
15:22
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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