Maira Kalman: The illustrated woman

45,145 views ใƒป 2007-10-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Zeeva Livshitz ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:25
What I am always thinking about
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœื™ื•
00:28
is what this session is about, which is called simplicity.
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ, ื”ื–ื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช.
00:32
And almost, I would almost call it being simple-minded,
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ื•ื›ืžืขื˜, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจ ืชื—ื›ื•ื
00:36
but in the best sense of the word.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื”.
00:38
I'm trying to figure out two very simple things:
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื:
00:42
how to live and how to die, period.
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ืื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืš ืœืžื•ืช, ื ืงื•ื“ื”.
00:44
That's all I'm trying to do, all day long.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื•.
00:46
And I'm also trying to have some meals, and have some snacks,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’ื ืžื ืกื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžื” ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืฉื ืฉ ืงืฆืช
00:49
and, you know, and yell at my children, and do all the normal things
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ื•- ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœืฆืจื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื
00:53
that keep you grounded.
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ืฉืฉืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ืš ืžืงื•ืจืงืข.
00:56
So, I was fortunate enough to be born a very dreamy child.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื“ื™ ืžื–ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ื™ืœื“ื” ื—ื•ืœืžื ื™ืช.
01:03
My older sister was busy torturing my parents,
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ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืœืขื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
01:07
and they were busy torturing her.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืืžืœืœ ืื•ืชื”.
01:09
I was lucky enough to be completely ignored,
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ื•ืœืžื–ืœื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืœืžื• ืžืžื ื™-
01:12
which is a fabulous thing, actually, I want to tell you.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืคืœื, ื‘ืืžืช. ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™.
01:14
So, I was able to completely daydream my way through my life.
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ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืงื™ืฅ ืœืื•ืจืš ื—ื™ื™.
01:20
And I finally daydreamed my way into NYU, at a very good time, in 1967,
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื—ืœืžืชื™ ื‘ื”ืงื™ืฅ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ืืœ ืชื•ืš ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ื‘-1967,
01:27
where I met a man who was trying to blow up the math building of NYU.
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ืฉื ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืคื•ืฆืฅ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ NYU.
01:33
And I was writing terrible poetry and knitting sweaters for him.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืจื” ื’ืจื•ืขื” ื•ืกืจื’ืชื™ ืœื• ืกื•ื•ื“ืจื™ื.
01:37
And feminists hated us, and the whole thing was wretched
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ื•ื”ืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื•ื‘
01:42
from beginning to end.
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ืžื”ืชื—ืœื” ื•ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ.
01:44
But I kept writing bad poetry, and he didn't blow up the math building,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื” ื’ืจื•ืขื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคื•ืฆืฅ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื”.
01:48
but he went to Cuba.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื ืกืข ืœืงื•ื‘ื”.
01:49
But I gave him the money, because I was from Riverdale
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืชืชื™ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ืจื“ื™ื™ืœ
01:51
so I had more money than he did.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืกืฃ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื•.
01:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:54
And that was a good thing to help, you know, the cause.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœ- ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืžื˜ืจื”.
01:58
But, then he came back, and things happened,
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ืื‘ืœ, ืื– ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ, ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืจื•
02:02
and I decided I really hated my writing,
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื•ื ืืช ืืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื™,
02:05
that it was awful, awful, purple prose.
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ืฉื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืจื•ื–ื” ื ื•ืจืื” ื•ืžืฆื•ืขืฆืขืช, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื•ืจืื”.
02:09
And I decided that I wanted to tell --
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ,
02:11
but I still wanted to tell a narrative story
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœื™ืœื”
02:13
and I still wanted to tell my stories.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™.
02:15
So I decided that I would start to draw. How hard could that be?
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ. ื›ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
02:18
And so what happened was that I started
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื–ื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™
02:23
just becoming an editorial illustrator through, you know,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžืื™ื™ืจืช ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
02:26
sheer whatever, sheer ignorance.
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ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืฉื”ื•, ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช.
02:29
And we started a studio.
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ื•ืคืชื—ื ื• ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื•-
02:31
Well, Tibor really started the studio, called M&Co.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ื™ืกื“ ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื•, ืฉื ืงืจื ืื ืื ื“ ืงื•ืžืคื ื™.
02:33
And the premise of M&Co was, we don't know anything,
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ื•ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืื ืื ื“ ืงื• ื”ื™ืชื”, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืœื•ื
02:37
but that's all right, we're going to do it anyway.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”.
02:39
And as a matter of fact, it's better not to know anything,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ืœื•ื,
02:41
because if you know too much, you're stymied.
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ื›ื™ ืื ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ื” ืžืชืกื›ืœ.
02:44
So, the premise in the studio was,
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ืื– ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืชื”
02:47
there are no boundaries, there is no fear.
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ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืคื—ื“.
02:50
And I -- and my full-time job, I landed the best job on Earth,
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ื•ืื ื™ - ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื” , ื ืงืœืขืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
02:53
was to daydream, and to actually come up with absurd ideas
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื—ืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืงื™ืฅ, ื•ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ื™ื™ื
02:58
that -- fortunately, there were enough people there,
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ืฉ--ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ื
03:00
and it was a team, it was a collective,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ื•ืช, ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
03:02
it was not just me coming up with crazy ideas.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจืง ืื ื™ ืฉืžืžืฆื™ืื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื.
03:04
But the point was that I was there as myself, as a dreamer.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื ื›ืขืฆืžื™, ื›ื—ื•ืœืžืช.
03:09
And so some of the things -- I mean, it was a long history of M&Co,
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ื•ื›ืš ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื-- ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืื ื“ ืงื•ืžืคื ื™,
03:12
and clearly we also needed to make some money,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืงืฆืช ื›ืกืฃ,
03:16
so we decided we would create a series of products.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื.
03:20
And some of the watches there,
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉืขื•ื ื™ื ืฉื,
03:23
attempting to be beautiful and humorous --
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ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืคื™ื ื•ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื,
03:25
maybe not attempting, hopefully succeeding.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ืจืง ื ื™ืกื•, ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•,
03:28
That to be able to talk about content,
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ืฉืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ืŸ,
03:31
to break apart what you normally expect, to use humor and surprise,
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ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ื”ืฆื™ื“ื” ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืžืฆืคื” ืœื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืชืขื”,
03:35
elegance and humanity in your work was really important to us.
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ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœืš, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื•.
03:40
It was a very high, it was a very impersonal time in design
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืื™ืžืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
03:45
and we wanted to say, the content is what's important,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘.
03:49
not the package, not the wrapping.
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ืœื ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”, ืœื ื”ืขื˜ื™ืคื”.
03:51
You really have to be journalists, you have to be inventors,
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ืืชื ืžืžืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื, ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื,
03:54
you have to use your imagination more importantly than anything.
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ.
03:58
So, the good news is that I have a dog
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ืื– ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืœื‘
04:03
and, though I don't know if I believe in luck --
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื–ืœ-
04:05
I don't know what I believe in, it's a very complicated question,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื‘ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื”, ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืžืื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช-
04:07
but I do know that before I go away, I crank his tail seven times.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืกืขืช ืœืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื , ืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื–ื ื‘ ืฉืœื• ืฉื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื.
04:11
So, whenever he sees a suitcase in the house,
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ืื– ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืžื–ื•ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
04:13
because everybody's always, you know, leaving,
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ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ืชืžื™ื“, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื ื•ืกืขื™ื,
04:16
they're always cranking this wonderful dog's tail,
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ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ื ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื”ืžืงืกื™ื ื”ื–ื”
04:18
and he runs to the other room.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื— ืœื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™.
04:20
But I am able to make the transition from working for children and --
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื--
04:25
from working for adults to children, and back and forth,
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ื•ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื- ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”,
04:28
because, you know, I can say that I'm immature,
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ื›ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช,
04:30
and in a way, that's true.
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ื•ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื, ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:33
I don't really -- I mean, I could tell you that I didn't understand,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืžืฉ- ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™,
04:38
I'm not proud of it, but I didn't understand
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื’ืื” ื‘ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™
04:40
let's say 95 percent of the talks at this conference.
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ื‘ืขืจืš 95 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
04:43
But I have been taking beautiful notes of drawings
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื™ืจืชื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื™ืคื™ื
04:45
and I have a gorgeous onion from Murray Gell-Mann's talk.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ืฆืœ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื™ ื’ืœ-ืžืืŸ.
04:48
And I have a beautiful page of doodles from Jonathan Woodham's talk.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื“ืฃ ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ื ืชืŸ ื•ื•ื“ื”ืื.
04:52
So, good things come out of, you know, incomprehension --
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ื›ืš, ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”
04:55
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:57
-- which I will do a painting of, and then it will end up in my work.
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-- ืฉืืขืฉื” ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื•, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฆื ื“ืจื›ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™.
05:00
So, I'm open to the possibilities of not knowing
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื”
05:04
and finding out something new.
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ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ.
05:06
So, in writing for children, it seems simple, and it is.
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ื›ืš, ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืš.
05:11
You have to condense a story into 32 pages, usually.
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื—ื•ืก ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืš 32 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ.
05:15
And what you have to do is, you really have to edit down to what you want to say.
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืขืœื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืจื•ืš ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ.
05:18
And hopefully, you're not talking down to kids
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ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืฉืืชื ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื
05:21
and you're not talking in such a way that you,
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ื•ืืชื ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืืชื,
05:23
you know, couldn't stand reading it after one time.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ื–ืืช ืœืื—ืจ ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
05:26
So, I hopefully am writing, you know,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
05:28
books that are good for children and for adults.
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ืกืคืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
05:30
But the painting reflects --
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืžืฉืงืฃ --
05:32
I don't think differently for children than I do for adults.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
05:34
I try to use the same kind of imagination, the same kind of whimsy,
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื’ื—ืžื ื•ืช,
05:37
the same kind of love of language.
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ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืคื”.
05:40
So, you know, and I have lots of wonderful-looking friends.
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ื›ืŸ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืคื™-ืžืจืื”.
05:44
This is Andrew Gatz, and he walked in through the door and I said,
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ื–ื”ื• ืื ื“ืจื• ื’ืฅ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื“ืœืช, ื•ืืžืจืชื™:
05:46
"You! Sit down there." You know, I take lots of photos.
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"ืืชื”! ืฉื‘ ืฉื." ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ืžืฆืœืžืช ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
05:49
And the Bertoia chair in the background is my favorite chair.
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ื•ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื‘ืจื˜ื•ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืจืงืข ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืกื ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืขืœื™.
05:52
So, I get to put in all of the things that I love.
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ื›ืš, ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช.
05:55
Hopefully, a dialog between adults and children will happen on many different levels,
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ื™ืฉ ืœืงื•ื•ืช, ืฉื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืงืจื”-ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช,
05:59
and hopefully different kinds of humor will evolve.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืกื•ื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื™ืชืคืชื—.
06:03
And the books are really journals of my life.
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ื•ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
06:05
I never -- I don't like plots.
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ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ืœื-- ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืขืœื™ืœื”.
06:07
I don't know what a plot means.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ืœื”.
06:09
I can't stand the idea of anything that starts in the beginning,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”
06:12
you know, beginning, middle and end. It really scares me,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืืžืฆืข ื•ืกื•ืฃ. ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™,
06:14
because my life is too random and too confused,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืืงืจืื™ื ืžื“ื™, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœื™ื,
06:17
and I enjoy it that way.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื–ื”.
06:18
But anyway, so we were in Venice,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ืื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ื”,
06:23
and this is our room. And I had this dream
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื•. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื–ื”
06:25
that I was wearing this fantastic green gown,
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ืฉืœื‘ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืœื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”,
06:27
and I was looking out the window,
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ื•ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืžื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ,
06:29
and it was really a beautiful thing.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืคื”.
06:31
And so, I was able to put that into this story, which is an alphabet,
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ืื–, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื–ื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช,
06:34
and hopefully go on to something else.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
06:37
The letter C had other things in it.
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ื”ืื•ืช ืกื™ ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”.
06:39
I was fortunate also, to meet the man who's sitting on the bed,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื–ืœ ื’ื, ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื”,
06:42
though I gave him hair over here and he doesn't have hair.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ืชืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื™ืขืจ ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื™ืขืจ.
06:45
Well, he has some hair but -- well, he used to have hair.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืขืจ ื—ืœืง ืื‘ืœ-- ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืคืขื ืฉืขืจื•ืช.
06:48
And with him, I was able to do a project that was really fantastic.
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ื•ืื™ืชื•, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืคืœื ื‘ืืžืช.
06:53
I work for the New Yorker, and I do covers, and 9/11 happened
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืงืจ, ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืขืžื•ื“ื™ ืฉืขืจ, ื•ืงืจื” ื”-9/11
06:58
and it was, you know, a complete and utter end of the world as we knew it.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื›ืจื ื• ืื•ืชื•.
07:03
And Rick and I were on our way to a party in the Bronx,
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ื•ืจื™ืง ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื• ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื•ื ืงืก,
07:07
and somebody said Bronxistan,
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,ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ื ืงื™ืกื˜ืืŸ
07:09
and somebody said Ferreristan,
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ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืžืจ ืคืจืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ,
07:10
and we came up with this New Yorker cover,
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ื•ื™ืฆืื ื• ืขื ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื”ื–ื”,
07:13
which we were able to -- we didn't know what we were doing.
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• - ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
07:15
We weren't trying to be funny, we weren't trying to be --
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ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื, ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช-
07:18
well, we were trying to be funny actually, that's not true.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื, ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
07:20
We hoped we'd be funny, but we didn't know it would be a cover,
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ืงื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขืจ,
07:23
and we didn't know that that image, at the moment that it happened,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืชืžื•ื ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื”,
07:27
would be something that would be so wonderful for a lot of people.
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ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ืคืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
07:31
And it really became the -- I don't know, you know,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืคื›ื” -- ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
07:33
it was one of those moments people started laughing at what was going on.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
07:36
And from, you know, Fattushis, to Taxistan to, you know,
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ื•ืž- ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืคืื˜ื•ืฉื™ืก ืขื“ ื˜ืืงื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืขื“, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
07:41
for the Fashtoonks, Botoxia, Pashmina, Khlintunisia, you know,
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ื•ื ืงืก, ื‘ื•ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื”, ืคืฉืžื™ื ื”, ื—ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
07:45
we were able to take the city
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ
07:47
and make fun of this completely foreign, who are -- what's going on over here?
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ื•ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื–ื”, ืžื™ ื”ื -- ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ?
07:51
Who are these people? What are these tribes?
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ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”? ืžื” ื”ื ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืืœื”?
07:54
And David Remnick, who was really wonderful about it,
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ื•ื“ื™ื™ื•ื™ื“ ืจืžื ื™ืง, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืคืœื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื–ื”,
07:57
had one problem. He didn't like Al Zheimers,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื—ืช. ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืื”ื‘ ืืช ืืœ ืฆื”ื™ืžืจืก,
08:02
because he thought it would insult people with Alzheimer's.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืขืœื™ื‘ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ.
08:05
But you know, we said, "David, who's going to know?
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืžืจื ื•, "ื“ื™ื™ื•ื™ื“, ืžื™ ื™ื™ื“ืข?
08:07
They're not."
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ื”ื ืœื."
08:09
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:11
So it stayed in, and it was, and, you know, it was a good thing.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื ืฉืืจ, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
08:19
You know, in the course of my life, I never know what's going to happen
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™, ืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช
08:22
and that's kind of the beauty part.
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ื•ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืคื™.
08:24
And we were on Cape Cod, a place, obviously, of great inspiration,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงื™ื™ืค ืงื•ื“, ืžืงื•ื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืจื‘ ื”ืฉืจืื”,
08:28
and I picked up this book, "The Elements of Style," at a yard sale.
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ื•ื”ืฉื’ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื–ื”, "ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ"-ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื—ืฆืจ.
08:32
And I didn't -- and I'd never used it in school,
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ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ -- ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
08:34
because I was too busy writing poems, and flunking out,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืกื•ืงื” ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืจื™ื , ื•ื‘ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ
08:37
and I don't know what, sitting in cafes.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื”, ื‘ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืงืคื”.
08:39
But I picked it up and I started reading it and I thought, this book is amazing.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
08:42
I said, people should know about this book.
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ืืžืจืชื™, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”.
08:45
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:48
So I decided it needed a few -- it needed a lift, it needed a few illustrations.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื• ื›ืžื” - ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื”ืขืœืื”, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืžื” ืื™ื•ืจื™ื.
08:51
And basically, I called the, you know, I convinced the White Estate,
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ื•ื›ืš, ื”ืชืงืฉืจืชื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืฉื›ื ืขืชื™ ืืช "ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜",
08:55
and what an intersection of like, you know,
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ื•ืื™ื–ื” ืžื™ืŸ ืžืคื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
08:57
Polish Jew, you know, main WASP family. Here I am, saying,
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ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืคื•ืœื ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื•ืกืคื™ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื ื” ืื ื™, ืื•ืžืจืช:
09:03
I'd like to do something to this book.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”.
09:05
And they said yes, and they left me completely alone,
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ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื• ื›ืŸ, ื•ืขื–ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื ืคืฉื™,
09:07
which was a gorgeous, wonderful thing.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื“ืจ, ื ืคืœื.
09:10
And I took the examples that they gave,
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ื•ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื ืชื ื•,
09:14
and just did 56 paintings, basically.
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ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจืชื™ ืจืง 56 ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™.
09:16
So, this is, I don't know if you can read this.
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ืื– ื–ื”ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื–ื”.
09:18
"Well, Susan, this is a fine mess you are in."
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"ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืกื•ื–ืŸ, ื”ืกืชื‘ื›ืช ื›ื”ื•ื’ืŸ."
09:20
And when you're dealing with grammar,
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ืงื“ื•ืง,
09:22
which is, you know, incredibly dry,
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ืฉื”ื•ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื™ื‘ืฉ ืžืื•ื“,
09:24
E.B. White wrote such wonderful, whimsical -- and actually, Strunk --
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ืื™.ื‘ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜. ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืœื” ื ืคืœืื™ื ืžืฉืขืฉืขื™ื, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืกื˜ืจืื ืง -
09:28
and then you come to the rules and, you know,
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
09:30
there are lots of grammar things. "Do you mind me asking a question?
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื“ืงื“ื•ืง. "ืื›ืคืช ืœื›ื ืื ืืฉืืœ ืฉืืœื”?
09:33
Do you mind my asking a question?"
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ืื›ืคืช ืœื›ื ืฉืืฉืืœ ืฉืืœื”?"
09:36
"Would, could, should, or would, should, could."
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"ื™ื”ื™ื”, ื™ื•ื›ืœ, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš, ืื• ื™ื”ื™ื”, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš, ื™ื•ื›ืœ."
09:38
And "would" is Coco Chanel's lover, "should" is Edith Sitwell,
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ื•- "ื™ื”ื™ื”" ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืื”ื‘ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงื• ืฉืื ืœ, "ืฆืจื™ืš" ื”ื•ื ืื“ื™ืช ืกื™ื˜ื•ื•ืœ,
09:42
and "could" is an August Sander subject.
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ื•"ื™ื•ื›ืœ" ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืกื ื“ืจ.
09:45
And, "He noticed a large stain in the center of the rug."
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ื•"ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื—."
09:47
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:49
So, there's a kind of British understatement, murder-mystery theme
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ื•ื›ืš, ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื” ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™, ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืชืขืœื•ืžืช ืจืฆื—
09:52
that I really love very much.
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ืืช ื–ื” ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืื•ื“ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช
09:54
And then, "Be obscure clearly! Be wild of tongue in a way we can understand."
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ื•ืื–, "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืคืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ! ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคืจืื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ."
09:58
E.B. White wrote us a number of rules,
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ืื™. ื‘ื™. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื›ืชื‘ ืœื ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืœืœื™ื,
10:00
which can either paralyze you and make you loathe him
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืื• ืœืฉืชืง ืืชื›ื ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœืชืขื‘ ืื•ืชื•
10:02
for the rest of time, or you can ignore them, which I do,
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ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื, ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”,
10:07
or you can, I don't know what, you know, eat a sandwich.
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ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืจื™ืš.
10:10
So, what I did when I was painting was I started singing,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื™ื™ืจืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืฉื™ืจ,
10:13
because I really adore singing,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืžืขืจื™ืฆื” ืฉื™ืจื”,
10:15
and I think that music is the highest form of all art.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
10:18
So, I commissioned a wonderful composer, Nico Muhly,
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ื›ืš, ืฉื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ืžืœื—ื™ืŸ ื ืคืœื, ื ื™ืงื• ืžื•ื”ืœื™,
10:21
who wrote nine songs using the text,
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ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืชืฉืขื” ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ืงืกื˜,
10:25
and we performed this fantastic evening of --
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ื•ื‘ื™ืฆืขื ื• ืขืจื‘ ื ืคืœื ื–ื” ืฉืœ โ€“
10:29
he wrote music for both amateurs and professionals.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข.
10:32
I played the clattering teacup and the slinky
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ืฉื™ื—ืงืชื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืกืคืœ ืชื” ืžืจืขื™ืฉ , ื•ืงืคื™ืฅ ืฆืขืฆื•ืข
10:34
in the main reading room of the New York Public Library,
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ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง,
10:37
where you're supposed to be very, very quiet,
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืงื˜ื™ื,
10:39
and it was a phenomenally wonderful event,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืจื•ืข ื ืคืœื
10:41
which we hopefully will do some more.
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ืฉืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘.
10:45
Who knows? The New York TimesSelect, the op-ed page,
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ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข? ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ื ืกืœืงื˜, ืขืžื•ื“ ืžืืžืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช,
10:49
asked me to do a column, and they said, you can do whatever you want.
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ื‘ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ืจ, ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื™: ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืืช ืจื•ืฆื”.
10:52
So, once a month for the last year,
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ื›ืŸ, ืื—ืช ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
10:53
I've been doing a column called "The Principles of Uncertainty,"
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ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื "ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช"
10:57
which, you know, I don't know who Heisenberg is,
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ืืฉืจ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื–ื ื‘ืจื’,
10:59
but I know I can throw that around now. You know,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืคืœื•ื˜ ื–ืืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข
11:01
it's the principles of uncertainty, so, you know.
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ืืœื” ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช, ื›ืš, ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
11:04
I'm going to read quickly -- and probably I'm going to edit some,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช-- ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืขืจื•ืš ื›ืžื”,
11:07
because I don't have that much time left -- a few of the columns.
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ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ -- ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื
11:10
And basically, I was so, you know, it was so amusing,
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ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืฉืขืฉืข,
11:13
because I said, "Well, how much space do I have?"
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ืฉืืžืจืชื™, "ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™?"
11:14
And they said, "Well, you know, it's the Internet."
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ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ื˜ื•ื‘, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื–ื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜."
11:16
And I said, "Yes, but how much space do I have?"
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ื•ืื ื™, ืืžืจืชื™, "ื›ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™?"
11:18
And they said, "It's unlimited, it's unlimited."
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ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ, ื–ื” ืœื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ."
11:20
OK. So, the first one I was very timid, and I'll begin.
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ื˜ื•ื‘,. ื›ืš ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื ื‘ื•ื›ื”, ื•ืืชื—ื™ืœ.
11:25
"How can I tell you everything that is in my heart?
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"ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘ื™?
11:27
Impossible to begin. Enough. No. Begin with the hapless dodo."
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ. ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืœื. ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ื“ื•ื“ื• ื—ืกืจ ื”ืžื–ืœ."
11:30
And I talk about the dodo, and how the dodo became extinct,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื“ื•, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืคืš ื”ื“ื•ื“ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื ื›ื—ื“,
11:34
and then I talk about Spinoza.
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืฉืคื™ื ื•ื–ื”.
11:36
"As the last dodo was dying, Spinoza was looking for a rational explanation
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"ื›ืฉื”ื“ื•ื“ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื ื˜ื” ืœืžื•ืช, ืฉืคื™ื ื•ื–ื” ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™
11:40
for everything, called eudaemonia.
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ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืืื•ื“ื™ืžื•ื ื™ื”.
11:42
And then he breathed his last, with loved ones around him,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื ืฉื ืืช ื ืฉื™ืžืชื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•
11:45
and I know that he had chicken soup also, as his last meal."
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื’ื ืžืจืง ืขื•ืฃ , ื›ืืจื•ื—ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœื•."
11:47
I happen to know it for a fact.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื–ืืช ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”.
11:49
And then he died, and there was no more Spinoza. Extinct.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืคื™ื ื•ื–ื” . ื ื›ื—ื“.
11:53
And then, we don't have a stuffed Spinoza,
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ื•ืื–, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉืคื™ื ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื•ื—ืœืฅ,
11:55
but we do have a stuffed Pavlov's dog,
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ืคื‘ืœื•ื‘ ืžืคื•ื—ืœืฅ,
11:57
and I visited him in the Museum of Hygiene in St. Petersburg, in Russia.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ ืกื ื˜ ืคื˜ืจื‘ื•ืจื’, ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ื”.
12:01
And there he is, with this horrible electrical box on his rump
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ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื, ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคืกื ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ืขืœ ืื—ื•ืจื™ื•
12:06
in this fantastic, decrepit palace.
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ื‘ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
12:10
"And I think it must have been a very, very dark day
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"ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ื•ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืžืื“
12:12
when the Bolsheviks arrived.
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ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื•ืœืฉื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื•.
12:13
Maybe amongst themselves they had a few good laughs,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื›ืžื” ืฆื—ื•ืงื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื,
12:15
but Stalin was a paranoid man, even more than my father."
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ืืš ืกื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืคืจื ื•ืื™ื“, ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื‘ื ืฉืœื™."
12:19
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:20
You don't even know.
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ืืชื ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
12:21
"And decided his top people had to be extinctified."
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"ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืขืžื• ื™ื•ื›ื—ื“ื•."
12:26
Which I think I made up, which is a good thing.
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ืืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื”ืžืฆืืชื™, ืฉื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
12:28
And so, this is a chart of, you know, just a small chart,
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ื•ื›ืš, ืชืจืฉื™ื, ื–ื”ื• ืชืจืฉื™ื,ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืจืง ืชืจืฉื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ,
12:31
because the chart would go on forever of all the people that he killed.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื ืฆื— ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’.
12:33
So, shot dead, smacked over the head, you know, thrown away.
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ืื–, ื ื•ืจื” ืœืžื•ื•ืช, ื ื—ื‘ื˜ ื‘ืจืืฉื•, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื•ืฉืœืš.
12:39
"Nabokov's family fled Russia. How could the young Nabokov,
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"ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื•ืงื•ื‘ ื ืžืœื˜ื” ืžืจื•ืกื™ื”. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืงื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ,
12:42
sitting innocently and elegantly in a red chair,
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ืœืฉื‘ืช ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ื ืœื‘ ื•ื‘ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืกื ืื“ื•ื,
12:44
leafing through a book and butterflies,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ืคื“ืฃ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ืคืจืคืจื™ื,
12:46
imagine such displacement, such loss?"
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื–ื• ื”ืกื˜ื”, ื›ื–ื” ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ?"
12:50
And then I want to tell you that this is a map.
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ื•ืื– ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืคื”.
12:52
So, "My beautiful mother's family fled Russia as well.
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ืื–, "ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืคื” ื ืžืœื˜ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืžืจื•ืกื™ื”.
12:56
Too many pogroms.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืคื•ื’ืจื•ืžื™ื.
12:58
Leaving the shack, the wild blueberry woods, the geese, the River Sluch,
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ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืชื”,ืืช ืฉื™ื—ื™ ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื, ืืช ื”ืื•ื•ื–ื™ื, ืืช ื ื”ืจ ื”ืกืœืืฅ',
13:01
they went to Palestine and then America."
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ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื” ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”."
13:04
And my mother drew this map for me of the United States of America,
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ื•ืืžื™ ืฆื™ื™ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืคื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
13:06
and that is my DNA over here, because that person who I grew up with
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื“ื™.ืื .ืื™ื™ ืฉืœื™ ื›ืืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™ ืืชื•
13:15
had no use for facts whatsoever.
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ืœื ื ื–ืงืง ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ืŸ.
13:17
Facts were actually banished from our home.
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ื’ื•ืจืฉื• ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
13:20
And so, if you see that Texas -- you know, Texas and California
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ื•ื›ืš, ืื ืชืจืื• ืฉื˜ืงืกืก - ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื˜ืงืกืก ื•ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”
13:24
are under Canada, and that South Carolina is on top of North Carolina,
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ื”ื ืชื—ืช ืงื ื“ื”, ื•ื“ืจื•ื ืงืจื•ืœื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืขืœ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื•ืœื™ื™ื ื”,
13:27
this is the home that I grew up in, OK?
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื• ื’ื“ืœืชื™, ื˜ื•ื‘?
13:29
So, it's a miracle that I'm here today.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื ืก ืฉืื ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
13:31
But actually, it's not. It's actually a wonderful thing.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืœื. ืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืคืœื.
13:35
But then she says Tel Aviv and Lenin,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ื™ืŸ,
13:37
which is the town they came from, and, "Sorry, the rest unknown, thank you."
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ืฉื–ื• ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืื• ืžืžื ื”, ื•"ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ื”ืฉืืจ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืชื•ื“ื”."
13:40
But in her lexicon, "sorry, the rest unknown, thank you" is
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ืืš ื‘ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”, "ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ื”ืฉืืจ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืชื•ื“ื”" ื”ื•ื
13:42
"sorry, the rest unknown, go to hell,"
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"ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ื”ืฉืืจ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืœื›ื• ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ"
13:44
because she couldn't care less.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื”.
13:45
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:46
"The Impossibility of February"
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"ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™"
13:48
is that February's a really wretched month in New York
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื›ื™ ื“ืคื•ืง ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง
13:51
and the images for me conjure up these really awful things.
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ื•ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื”ืืœื”.
13:54
Well, not so awful.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื•ืจื.
13:56
I received a box in the mail and it was wrapped with newspaper
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืงื•ืคืกื ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืขื˜ื•ืคื” ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ
13:59
and there was the picture of the man on the newspaper and he was dead.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืช.
14:03
And I say, "I hope he's not really dead,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช, "ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืช,
14:05
just enjoying a refreshing lie-down in the snow,
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ืกืชื ื ื”ื ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ืฆื” ืžืจืขื ื ืช ื‘ืฉืœื’,
14:07
but the caption says he is dead."
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื•ื‘ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืช."
14:09
And actually, he was. I think he's dead, though I don't know,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
14:12
maybe he's not dead.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืช.
14:14
"And this woman leans over in anguish, not about that man,
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"ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืจื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื”,
14:16
but about all sad things. It happens quite often in February."
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ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขืฆื•ื‘ื™ื. ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ."
14:21
There's consoling.
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ื™ืฉ ื ื—ืžื”.
14:23
This man is angry because somebody threw onions all over the staircase,
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ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื•ืขืก ื›ื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ื‘ืฆืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช,
14:27
and basically -- you know, I guess onions are a theme here.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” โ€“ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉื‘ืฆืœื™ื ื”ื ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืืŸ.
14:30
And he says, "It is impossible not to lie.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ, "ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื ืœืฉืงืจ.
14:32
It is February and not lying is impossible."
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ื–ื” ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ, ื•ืœื ืœืฉืงืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™."
14:34
And I really spend a lot of time wondering,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืชื”ื™ื™ื”,
14:36
how much truth do we tell?
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ื›ืžื” ืืžืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื?
14:38
What is it that we're actually -- what story are we actually telling?
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ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” - ืื™ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื?
14:41
How do we know when we are ourselves?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืชื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฆืžื ื•?
14:43
How do we actually know that these sentences coming out of our mouths
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืคื™ื ื•
14:46
are real stories, you know, are real sentences?
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ื”ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื?
14:48
Or are they fake sentences that we think we ought to be saying?
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ืื• ื”ืื ืืœื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืžื–ื•ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ?
14:51
I'm going to quickly go through this.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื–ื”.
14:54
A quote by Bertrand Russell,
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ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื˜ืจืื ื“ ืจืืกืœ,
14:56
"All the labor of all the ages, all the devotion, all the inspiration,
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"ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืจืื”,
15:00
all the noonday brightness of human genius
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ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
15:03
are destined to extinction.
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ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื—ื“."
15:05
So now, my friends, if that is true,
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ื›ืš, ืขืชื”, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
15:07
and it is true, what is the point?"
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื– ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื?"
15:10
A complicated question.
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ืฉืืœื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช.
15:11
And so, you know, I talk to my friends
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ืื–, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
15:14
and I go to plays where they're singing Russian songs.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืฉืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื•ืกื™ื™ื.
15:17
Oh my God, you know what?
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ื”ื• ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”?
15:19
Could we have -- no, we don't have time.
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ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• โ€“ ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ.
15:21
I taped my aunt. I taped my aunt singing a song in Russian from the --
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ืื ื™ ื”ืงืœื˜ืชื™ ื“ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™. ืื ื™ ื”ืงืœื˜ืชื™ ื“ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืฉืจื” ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ืช ืž โ€“-
15:23
you know, could we have it for a second?
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืœื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืจื’ืข?
15:26
Do you have that?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืื•ืชื•?
15:28
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
15:47
OK. I taped my -- my aunt used to swim in the ocean
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ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื™ ื”ืงืœื˜ืชื™ ืืช - ื“ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื ื”ื’ื” ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก
15:50
every day of the year until she was about 85.
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ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 85.
15:57
So -- and that's a song about how everybody's miserable
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ื›ืš - ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืื•ืžืœืœื™ื
15:59
because, you know, we're from Russia.
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ื›ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื•ืกื™ื”.
16:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
16:02
I went to visit Kitty Carlisle Hart, and she is 96,
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืงื™ื˜ื™ ืงืืจืœื™ืกืœ ื”ืืจื˜, ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืช 96,
16:04
and when I brought her a copy of "The Elements of Style,"
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื” ืขื•ืชืง ืฉืœ "ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ"
16:07
she said she would treasure it.
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•.
16:09
And then I said -- oh, and she was talking about Moss Hart, and I said,
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ื•ืื– ืืžืจืชื™ - ื”ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ืžื•ืก ื”ืจื˜, ื•ืืžืจืชื™,
16:11
"When you met him, you knew it was him."
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"ื›ืฉืคื’ืฉืช ืื•ืชื•, ื”ืื ื™ื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ื."
16:13
And she said, "I knew it was he."
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื."
16:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
16:17
So, I was the one who should have kept the book, but it was a really wonderful moment.
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ื›ืš, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืกืคืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ืข ื ืคืœื.
16:20
And she dated George Gershwin, so, you know, get out.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆืื” ืขื ื’'ื•ืจื’ ' ื’ืจืฉื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ืš, ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœืฆืืช.
16:23
Gershwin died at the age of 38.
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ื’ืจืฉื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืžืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 38.
16:26
He's buried in the same cemetery as my husband.
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ื”ื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขืœื™.
16:29
I don't want to talk about that now.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืขืช.
16:31
I do want to talk -- the absolute icing on this cemetery cake
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ - ื”ื–ื™ื’ื•ื’ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืขื•ื’ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช
16:33
is the Barricini family mausoleum nearby.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืื•ื–ื•ืœื™ืื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ืืจื™ืฆ'ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืช ืžืงื•ื.
16:36
I think the Barricini family should open a store there and sell chocolate.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ืืจื™ืฆ'ื™ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืคืชื•ื— ื—ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“.
16:39
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
16:40
And I would like to run it for them.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
16:41
And I went to visit Louise Bourgeoise,
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ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืœื•ืื™ื– ื‘ื•ืจื’'ื•ืื–,
16:43
who's also still working, and I looked at her sink,
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ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœื”,
16:45
which is really amazing, and left.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื, ื•ืขื–ื‘ืชื™.
16:47
And then I photograph and do a painting of a sofa on the street.
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ื•ืื– ืฆื™ืœืžืชื™ ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจืชื™ ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืคื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘.
16:50
And a woman who lives on our street, Lolita.
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ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื—ื™ื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•, ืœื•ืœื™ื˜ื”.
16:53
And then I go and have some tea.
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืฉื•ืชื” ืชื”.
16:55
And then my Aunt Frances dies, and before she died,
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ื•ืื– ื“ื•ื“ืชื™ ืคืจื ืกืก ืžืชื”, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืชื”,
16:58
she tried to pay with Sweet'N Low packets for her bagel.
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ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœืฉืœื ืขื ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ ืื ื“ ืœื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื™ื’ืœ ืฉืœื”.
17:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
17:03
And I wonder what the point is and then I know, and I see
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ื•ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื”
17:05
that Hy Meyerowitz, Rick Meyerowitz's father,
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ืฉื”ื™ ืžืื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืง ืžืื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ,
17:07
a dry-cleaning supply salesman from the Bronx,
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ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ื™ื‘ืฉ ืžื”ื‘ืจื•ื ืงืก,
17:09
won the Charlie Chaplin look-alike contest in 1931.
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ื–ื›ื” ื‘-1931 ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฆ'ืจืœื™ ืฆ'ืคืœื™ืŸ.
17:14
That's actually Hy.
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ื–ื”ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™.
17:16
And I look at a beautiful bowl of fruit,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ืงืขืจืช ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืคื”,
17:19
and I look at a dress that I sewed for friends of mine.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืชืคืจืชื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™.
17:22
And it says, "Ich habe genug," which is a Bach cantata,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช,"ืื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื” ื’ื™ื ื•ื’"," ืฉื–ื• ืงื ื˜ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืืš,
17:24
which I once thought meant "I've had it, I can't take it anymore,
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ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืคืขื ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” "ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื™,ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,.
17:27
give me a break," but I was wrong.
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ืชืจื“ื• ืžืžื ื™", ืื‘ืœ ื˜ืขื™ืชื™.
17:30
It means "I have enough." And that is utterly true.
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื "ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง." ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
17:33
I happen to be alive, end of discussion. Thank you.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ. ืชื•ื“ื”.
17:35
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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