How India's smartphone revolution is creating a new generation of readers and writers | Chiki Sarkar

65,794 views ใƒป 2019-01-31

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Roni Weisman ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:13
Look all around you.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื.
00:14
Whether you're in a subway, a park, an airport, a restaurant,
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ื’ื ืื ืืชื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืคืืจืง, ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”, ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”,
00:20
even at this conference,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื›ื ืก ื”ื–ื”,
00:22
all of you have a phone in your hands or maybe in your pockets.
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ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื›ื ื•ืื ืœื, ืื– ื‘ื›ื™ืกื›ื.
00:25
How many of you have a book?
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ืœื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื™ืฉ ืกืคืจ?
00:27
Very few, right?
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ืœืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืื“, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
00:29
This is the sight that used to greet me
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืจืื” ืฉืงื™ื“ื ืืช ืคื ื™
00:30
every time I walked out of my office block.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืฆืขื“ืชื™ ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืœื•ืง ื‘ื• ื ืžืฆื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื™.
00:33
I was surrounded by a sea of 20-something professionals
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืงืคืช ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืžืฉื”ื•
00:36
glued to their phones.
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ื”ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
00:38
And not a single one had a book in their hands.
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ื•ืืฃ ืœื ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•.
00:41
And this used to make me very, very frustrated.
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ื•ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœืช.
00:44
I was a bookworm all my life.
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ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืกืคืจื™ื.
00:46
Books formed the milestones of my life.
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ืกืคืจื™ื ืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืืช ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™.
00:49
The first man I fell in love with was Mr. Darcy.
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืชืื”ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืจ ื“ืืจืกื™.
00:52
I first read "Harry Potter" when I was 21, on a summer break from college.
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืจื™ ืคื•ื˜ืจ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืช 21,
ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ืงื™ืฅ ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
00:58
And I remember the first night I spent in a little flat I bought in my mid-20s,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืงื ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืฉืœื™,
01:03
very proudly,
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ื’ืื” ืžืื“,
01:04
and I spent the whole night reading "The Da Vinci Code."
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช "ืฆื•ืคืŸ ื“ื”-ื•ื™ื ืฆ'ื™".
01:07
And then I'm going to make a terrible confession:
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ ื ื•ืจืื™:
01:09
even today, when I'm low, I get into bed with "War and Peace."
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื•ื›ื“ื›ืช, ืื ื™ ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžื™ื˜ื” ืขื "ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืฉืœื•ื".
01:13
Don't laugh.
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ืืœ ืชืฆื—ืงื•.
01:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:16
But I was also like all those people I saw around me:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™:
01:19
I, too, lived on my phone.
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ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
01:21
I ordered my groceries online,
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ื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื›ื•ืœืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
01:23
and soon my app knew that I needed a monthly dose of diapers.
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ื™ื“ืขื” ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืชื™ ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืžื ื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืชื•ืœื™ื.
01:28
I booked my cinemas on my phone.
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ื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
01:31
I booked planes on my phone.
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ื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
01:33
And when I did the long commute back home like most urban Indians,
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื,
01:38
and was stuck in traffic,
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ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืชืงื•ืขื” ื‘ืคืงืงื™ื,
01:40
I passed the time on WhatsApp, video-chatting my twin.
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ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื˜ืก-ืืค, ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืขื ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื™.
01:45
I was part of an extraordinary revolution that was happening in India.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•.
01:49
Indians are the second-largest users of smartphones in the world.
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ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
01:54
And data prices have been slashed so radically
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ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืฉื” ื ื—ืชื›ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื” ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™
01:58
that half of urban India and even a part of rural India
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ืฉืœืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื• ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื—ืœืง ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื• ื”ื›ืคืจื™ืช
02:02
now have a smartphone with a data connection in their hands.
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ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื—ื›ื ืขื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
02:05
And if you know anything about India,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•,
02:07
you'll know that "half" means, like, all of America or something.
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ืืชื ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉ"ืžื—ืฆื™ืช" ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื‘ืขืจืš ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:10
You know, it's large numbers.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืœื” ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
02:12
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:14
And these numbers are just growing and growing and growing.
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ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืจืง ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื.
02:17
They're exploding.
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ื”ื ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื.
02:18
And what they're doing is empowering Indians
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™ื
02:20
in all kinds of extraordinary ways.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœืชื™-ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช.
02:22
And yet, none of these changes that I was seeing around me
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™
02:26
were reflected in my world, my world of books.
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ืœื ื”ืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื™, ืขื•ืœื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื™.
02:30
I live in a country the size of Europe,
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ืื ื™ ื’ืจื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
02:33
and it only has 50 decent bookshops.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืจืง 50 ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช.
02:36
And Indians just didn't seem to want to read for fun.
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ื ืจืื” ืฉืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื• ืœื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืืชื.
02:39
So if you look at all the best-seller lists in India,
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ืื ืชืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™-ื”ืžื›ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•,
02:41
what you'll always find in the best-seller list
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ืžื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืชืžืฆืื• ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืจื‘ื™-ื”ืžื›ืจ
ื”ื•ื ืกืคืจื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื.
02:44
is exam and professional guides.
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02:45
Imagine if you found the SAT guides as the "New York Times" number one seller,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืกืคืจ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช SAT ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืก' 1 ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืจื‘ื™-ื”ืžื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื”"ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก"
02:49
month after month.
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ืžื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื•.
02:53
And yet, the smartphone revolution was creating readers and writers
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ืžื”ืคื›ืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ื ื™ืฆืจื” ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื
02:58
of a different kind.
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ืžืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ.
03:00
Whether it was on Facebook or WhatsApp,
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ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ื•ืื ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื˜ืก-ืืค,
03:03
Indians were writing and sharing and reading all kinds of things:
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ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื•ืฉื™ืชืคื• ื•ืงืจืื• ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื:
03:07
terrible jokes, spurious pop history,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช ืื™ื•ืžื•ืช, ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืคื•ืค ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช,
03:11
long, emotional confessions,
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ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™-ืจื’ืฉ,
03:14
diatribes against the government.
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ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
03:16
And as I read and shared these things, I wondered to myself,
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ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืงืจืืชื™ ื•ืฉื™ืชืคืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืš ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™,
03:19
"Could I get these writers and these readers,
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"ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
03:24
could I turn them into my readers?"
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ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ืœืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื™?"
03:27
And so I left my plush corner office
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ื•ืื– ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื™ื ืชื™ ื”ื ื•ื— ืฉืœื™
03:29
and my job as the publisher of India's top publishing company,
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ื•ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™ ื›ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•,
03:34
and I set up on my own.
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ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืœื“ืจืš ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ืžืฉืœื™.
03:36
I moved into a single large room in a cheap bohemian district of Delhi,
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ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื•ื”ืžื™ ื–ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ืœื”ื™,
03:42
with a small team.
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื˜ืŸ.
03:44
And there, I set up a new kind of publishing house.
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ื•ืฉื, ื”ืงืžืชื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:48
A new kind of publishing house needs a new kind of reader
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ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจืื™ื
03:51
and a new kind of book.
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ื•ืœืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื.
03:54
And so I asked myself, "What would this new reader want?
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™: "ืžื” ื™ื—ืคื•ืฅ ืื•ืชื• ืงื•ืจื ืžืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ?
03:57
Would they prize urgency, relevance,
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื™ืขืจื™ื›ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื, ืฉืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง,
04:00
timeliness, directness --
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืชื, ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ึผืช --
04:03
the very qualities they seem to want from their online services,
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ืื•ืชืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉื”ื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื,
04:06
indeed, the qualities they seem to want from life today?"
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ืฉื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•?"
04:11
I knew that my readers were always on the go.
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื.
04:13
I'd have to fit into their lifestyle and schedules.
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ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืขืฆืžื™ ืœืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
04:16
Would they actually want to read a 200-page book?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื™ืจืฆื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืกืคืจ ื‘ืŸ 200 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื?
04:19
Or would they want something a little bit more digestible?
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ืื• ืฉืžื ื™ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื™ื›ื•ืœ?
04:23
Indians are incredibly value-conscious,
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ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™-ืขืจืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง,
04:26
especially when it comes to their online reading.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
04:29
I knew I had to give them books under a dollar.
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืžื“ื•ืœืจ.
04:33
And so my company was formed, and it was born.
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ื•ื›ืš ื ื•ืฆืจื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™, ื•ื›ืš ื ื•ืœื“ื”.
04:37
It was a platform where we created a list of stories designed for the smartphone,
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื” ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ื,
04:43
but it also allowed amateur writers to upload their own stories,
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจื” ื’ื ืœื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืขืฆืžื,
04:47
so they could be showcased along with the very writers
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ื•ื›ืš ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ื ืœืฆื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
04:50
they read and admired.
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ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ื ืงืจืื• ื•ื”ืขืจื™ืฆื•.
04:51
And we could also enter into other people's digital platforms.
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ื•ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:56
So, imagine this:
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”:
04:58
imagine you're a receptionist, you've had a long day at work,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ื™ื•ื ืืจื•ืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
05:02
you book your cab in your ride-hailing app,
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ื”ื–ืžื ืชื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ืช ื–ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
05:04
it shows up,
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ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื”,
05:06
and you get into your car, and you lie back on your seat,
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ื•ืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ื ืฉืขื ื™ื ืœื›ื ืื—ื•ืจื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื›ื,
05:08
and you put on your app.
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ื•ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
05:11
And you find a set of stories waiting for you, timed to your journey.
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ื•ืืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืœื›ื, ืžืชื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉืœื›ื.
05:16
Imagine you're a gay young woman,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ืืฉื” ืœืกื‘ื™ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื”,
05:18
in a relatively conservative city like Lucknow, which lies near Delhi.
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ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื›ืžื• "ืœืืงื ืื•", ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ืœื™ื“ ื“ืœื”ื™.
05:23
There's no way your parents know about your sexuality.
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื™ื“ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
05:26
They'd completely freak out.
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ืื—ืจืช ื”ื ื™ืชื—ืจืคื ื•.
05:28
Would you like lesbian love stories written in Hindi, priced under a dollar,
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ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืื– ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืกื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ืช, ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืœืจ,
05:34
to be read in the privacy of your phone?
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ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื?
05:37
And could I match readers
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ื•ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืื™ื
05:39
to the events that were taking place around them in real time?
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช?
05:44
So we published biographies of very famous politicians
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ืื– ืคืจืกืžื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืžืื“
05:49
after they won big elections.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
05:52
When the supreme court decriminalized homosexuality,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ืžื•ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืคืฉืข,
05:56
an LGBTQ collection was waiting on our home page.
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ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืื•ืกืฃ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืœื”ื˜ื‘"ื™ื ื‘ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
06:00
And when India's Toni Morrison, the great writer Mahasweta Devi died,
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื” ื˜ื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•, ื”ืกื•ืคืจืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื”ืกึฐื•ึตื•ื˜ื” ื“ึถื‘ื™,
06:05
our readers found a short story by her as soon as news hit.
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ืžืฆืื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืœื” ืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
06:10
The idea was to be relevant to every moment of a reader's life.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืžืจื’ืขื™ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื.
06:15
Who are our readers?
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ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•?
06:17
They're mostly young men under the age of 30.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื ืืœื• ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ื™ืœ 30.
06:20
There's someone like Salil,
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืกืืœื™ืœ,
06:22
who lives in a city where there isn't a modern bookshop.
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ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื—ื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.
06:25
And he comes to our app almost every day.
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ื”ื•ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
06:28
There's someone like Manoj,
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืžืื ื•ื’',
06:30
who mostly reads us during the long commute back home.
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ืฉื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืงื•ืจื ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ืชื•.
06:34
And there's someone like Ahmed, who loves our nonfiction
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ื•ื™ืฉื ื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืื—ืžื“, ืฉืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื•ืžื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
06:37
that he can read in a single sitting, and that's priced very low.
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ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืื—ืช ืจืฆื•ืคื”, ื•ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื ืžืื“ ื ืžื•ืš.
06:42
Imagine if you're like a young, techie boy
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื›ื ืขืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืื•ื”ื‘ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
06:45
in India's Silicon Valley city of Bangalore.
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ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื ื’ืœื•ืจ ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืขืžืง ื”ืกื™ืœื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•.
06:51
And one day, you get an in-app notification
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืชืจืื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”
06:53
and it says that your favorite actress has written a sexy short story
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ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ืœื›ื ืฉื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืกืงืกื™ ืงืฆืจ
06:57
and it's waiting for you.
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ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื›ื” ืœื›ื.
06:58
That's how we launched Juggernaut.
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ื›ืš ื”ืฉืงื ื• ืืช "ื’ึธ'ืื’ึตืจื ืื•ื˜".
07:00
We got a very famous ex-adult star, called Sunny Leone.
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ื”ืฉื’ื ื• ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช-ืคื•ืจื ื• ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ืžืื“ ื‘ืฉื ืกืื ื™ ืœืื•ืŸ.
07:05
She's India's most Googled person, as it happens.
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืื“ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•.
07:08
And we got her to write us a collection of sexy short stories
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ื•ื”ืกื›ืžื ื• ืื™ืชื” ืฉืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืกืงืก ืงืฆืจื™ื
07:12
that we published every night for a week.
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ืื•ืชื ืคืจืกืžื ื• ื›ืœ ืขืจื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
07:14
And it was a sensation.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืกื ืกืฆื™ื”.
07:16
I mean, no one could believe that we'd asked Sunny Leone to write.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืžืกืื ื™ ืœืื•ืŸ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
07:20
But she did,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื”,
07:21
and she proved everyone wrong,
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ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื ืฉื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื,
07:24
and she found this immense readership.
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ื•ื’ื™ืœืชื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
07:27
And just as we've redefined what a book is and how a reader behaves,
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ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื’ื“ืจื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื”ื• ืกืคืจ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื,
07:32
we're rethinking who an author is.
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ืื ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื™ื”ื• ืกื•ืคืจ.
07:35
In our amateur writing platform,
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ื‘ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
07:36
we have writers that range from teenagers to housewives.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™-ืขืฉืจื” ื•ืขื“ ืขืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช.
07:40
And they're writing all kinds of things.
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ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
07:42
It starts as small as a poem, an essay, a single short story ...
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉื”ื• ืงื˜ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืจ, ืžืืžืจ, ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“...
07:48
Fifty percent of them are returning to the app to write again.
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘.
07:52
Take someone like Neeraj.
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ืงื—ื• ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ื ื™ืจึทืื’'.
07:54
He's a middle-aged executive, wife, two kids, a good job.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ืจืขื™ื”, ืฉื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
07:59
And Neeraj loves to read.
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ื•ื ื™ืจืื’' ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืงืจื•ื.
08:00
But every time Neeraj read a book that he loved,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื ื™ืจืื’' ืงืจื ืกืคืจ ืฉืื”ื‘,
08:03
he was also filled with regret.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืžืœื ื’ื ืชื•ื’ื”.
08:05
He wondered to himself if he could write, too.
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ื”ื•ื ืชื”ื” ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืื ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
08:08
He was convinced he had stories in his mind.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื—ื•.
08:11
But time and real life had happened, and he couldn't really manage it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืžื ืขื• ืžืžื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื–ื”.
08:16
And then he heard about the Juggernaut writer's platform.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืข ืขืœ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื "ื’'ืื’ืจื ืื•ื˜".
08:19
And what he loved about it was that he felt this was a place
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืงื•ื
08:23
where he could stand head and shoulders, equally,
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ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื›ืชืฃ ืืœ ื›ืชืฃ, ื›ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš,
08:26
with the very writers that he most admired.
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืื•ืชื ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ื›ื” ื”ืขืจื™ืฅ.
08:29
And so he began to write.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
08:31
And he snatched a minute here, an hour there,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ ื“ืงื” ืคื”, ืฉืขื” ืฉื,
08:35
in between flights in airports,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืžืœื™ ืชืขื•ืคื”,
08:37
late at night, when he had a little bit of time on his hands.
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืคื ื” ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ื–ืžืŸ.
08:40
And he wrote this extraordinary story for us.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื-ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
08:43
He wrote a story about a family of assassins
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื
08:46
who lived in the winding lanes of Old Delhi.
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ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกืžื˜ืื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืœื”ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”.
08:49
We loved it, it was so fresh and original.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื”ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืขื ืŸ ื•ืžืงื•ืจื™.
08:52
And before Neeraj knew it, he'd not only scored a film deal
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ืจืื’' ื™ื“ืข ื–ืืช, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœืกืจื˜
08:56
but also a second contract to write another story.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
09:00
Neeraj's story is one of the most read stories on our app.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืจืื’' ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
09:05
My journey is very, very young.
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ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื™ ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ืฆืขื™ืจ.
09:08
We're a two-year-old company, and we have a long way to go.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื ื•.
09:12
But we already, and we will by the end of this year,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช
09:16
have about half a million stories, many priced at under a dollar.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืžื“ื•ืœืจ.
09:21
Most of our readers love reading
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ืจื•ื‘ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื
09:23
and trying out authors they've never, ever heard of before.
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ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืขื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ.
09:27
Thirty percent of our home page reads
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ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื ื“ืจืš ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•
09:29
comes out of the writing that comes from our writer's platform.
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ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
09:34
By being everywhere,
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
09:36
by being accessible and relevant,
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
09:39
I hope to make reading a daily habit,
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื”ืจื’ืœ ื™ื•ืžื™,
09:42
as easy and effortless as checking your email,
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืœ ื•ื—ืกืจ ืžืืžืฅ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ื"ืœ,
09:46
as booking a ticket online
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ื›ืžื• ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื“ืจืš ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
09:48
or ordering your groceries.
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ืื• ื›ืžื• ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื›ื•ืœืช.
09:50
And as for me,
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ื•ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื™,
09:52
I've discovered that as I entered the six-inch world of the smartphone,
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ืื ื™ ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืŸ ืฉืฉืช ื”ืื™ื ืฆ'ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ื,
09:56
my own world just got very, very big.
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ื”ืคืš ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื“ ืžืื“.
10:00
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
10:01
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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