What everyday citizens can do to claim power on the internet | Fadi Chehadé and Bryn Freedman

Prevoditelj: Nikolina Daka Recezent: Sanda L

Bryn Freedman: So you said that in the 20th century,

Bryn Freedman: Rekli ste da u 20. stoljeću

global power was in the hands of government.

globalna moć je bila u rukama vlade.

At the beginning of this digital century,

Na početku ovog digitalnog stoljeća,

it really moved to corporations

stvarno je prešla na korporacije

and that in the future, it would move to individuals.

i u budućnosti će prijeći na pojedince.

And I've interviewed a lot of people,

Intervjuirala sam puno ljudi

and they say you're wrong,

i kažu da ste u krivu,

and they are betting on the companies.

oni se klade na kompanije.

So why are you right,

Dakle, zašto ste Vi u pravu

and why are individuals going to win out?

i zašto će pojedinci pobijediti?

Fadi Chehadé: Because companies cater to individuals,

Fadi Chehadé: Jer kompanije opslužuju pojedince,

and we as the citizenry

a mi kao građani

need to start understanding that we have a big role

moramo shvatiti da imamo veliku ulogu

in shaping how the world will be governed, moving forward.

u tome kako će se svijet voditi, kročiti naprijed.

Yes, indeed, the tug of war right now is between governments,

Da, poteže se konop između vlada

who lost much of their power to companies

kojima su kompanije preuzele puno moći,

because the internet is not built around the nation-state system

jer internet nije građen oko nacionalnog sustava

around which governments have power.

oko kojeg vlade imaju moć.

The internet is transnational.

Internet je transnacionalni.

It's not international, and it's not national,

Nije internacionalni, nije nacionalni,

and therefore the companies became very powerful.

i zbog toga su kompanije postale vrlo moćne.

They shape our economy.

One oblikuju naš gospodarski sustav.

They shape our society.

One oblikuju naše društvo.

Governments don't know what to do.

Vlade ne znaju što da rade.

Right now, they're reacting.

Trenutno, odgovaraju, reagiraju.

And I fear that if we do not, as the citizenry --

Bojim se da ako mi kao građani --

which are, in my opinion, the most important leg of that stool --

koji smo, po mom mišljenju, najvažniji dio jednadžbe --

don't take our role,

ne preuzimamo svoju ulogu,

then you are right.

onda ste u pravu.

The detractors, or the people telling you that businesses will prevail, are right.

Klevetnici, ili ljudi koji vam govore da će poslovanje prevladati, su u pravu.

It will happen.

To će se dogoditi.

BF: So are you saying that individuals will force businesses

BF: Znači, vi govorite da će pojedinci gurati poslovanje

or business will be forced to be responsive,

ili će poslovanje biti prisiljeno da više reagira,

or is there a fear that they won't be?

ili postoji strah da toga neće biti?

FC: I think they will be.

FC: Ja mislim da hoće.

Look at two weeks ago,

Pogledajte, prije dva tjedna,

a small company called Skip winning over Uber and Lyft and everyone

mala tvrtka zvana Skip je pobijedila Uber, Lyft i druge

to actually get the license for the San Francisco scooter business.

te dobila dozvolu za poslovanje skuterima u San Franciscu.

And if you read why did Skip win,

I ako pročitate zašto je Skip pobijedio,

because Skip listened to the people of San Francisco,

to je zato što je Skip slušao ljude San Francisca,

who were tired of scooters being thrown everywhere,

kojima je već dojadilo da se skuteri posvuda ostavljaju,

and actually went to the city and said,

otišli su u upravu grada i rekli,

"We will deploy the service,

"Mi ćemo razviti uslugu,

but we will respond to the people's requirements

ali ćemo se prilagođavati zahtjevima ljudi

that we organize ourselves around a set of rules."

i organizirati se oko skupa pravila."

They self-governed their behavior, and they won the contract

Sami su se dogovorili i dobili ugovor

over some very powerful companies.

pored nekih jako moćnih kompanija.

BF: So speaking of guidelines and self-governance,

BF: Govoreći o odrednicama i samo-upravljanju,

you've spent an entire lifetime creating guidelines and norms

potrošili ste cijeli životni vijek stvarajući norme i odrednice

for the internet.

za internet.

Do you think those days are over?

Mislite li da su ti dani prošli?

Who is going to guide, who is going to control,

Tko će voditi, tko će kontrolirati

and who is going to create those norms?

i tko će stvoriti te norme?

FC: The rules that govern the technology layers of the internet

FC: Pravila koja upravljaju tehnološkim slojevima interneta

are now well put in place,

su sada dobro posložena

and I was very busy for a few years setting those rules

i par godina sam imao puno posla oko postavljanja tih pravila,

around the part of the internet that makes the internet one network.

oko dijela interneta koji ga čini jednom mrežom.

The domain-name system, the IP numbers,

Imena domena, IP brojevi

all of that is in place.

i sve to je na svom mjestu.

However, as we get now into the upper layers of the internet,

Međutim, kako dolazimo do gornjih slojeva interneta,

the issues that affect me and you every day --

problemi koji utječu na mene i na Vas svaki dan --

privacy, security, etc. --

privatnost, sigurnost, itd. --

the system to create norms for those unfortunately is not in place.

sustav koji za to stvara norme nije na mjestu.

So we do have an issue.

Tako da imamo problem.

We have a system of cooperation and governance

Imamo sustav suradnje i upravljanja

that really needs to be created right now

koji se treba odmah stvoriti,

so that companies, governments and the citizenry can agree

tako da se kompanije, vlade i građani slože

how this new digital world is going to advance.

kako će ovaj novi digitalni svijet napredovati.

BF: So what gives a digital company any incentive?

BF: Što daje digitalnoj kompaniji ikakav poticaj?

Let's say -- Facebook comes to mind --

Recimo, na pamet mi pada Facebook,

they would say they have their users' best interests at heart,

oni bi rekli da brinu za interes korisnika,

but I think a lot of people would disagree with that.

ali mislim da se puno ljudi ne bi složilo s tim.

FC: It's been very difficult to watch how tech companies have reacted

FC: Bilo je jako teško gledati kako su tehnološke kompanije reagirale

to the citizenry's response to their technologies.

na odgovor građana na njihovu tehnologiju.

And some of them, two or three years ago, basically dismissed it.

I neki od njih su ih otkazali prije dvije ili tri godine.

The word that I heard in many board rooms is, "We're just a technology platform.

U brojnim salama za sastanke čuo sam: "Mi smo samo tehnološka platforma.

It's not my issue if my technology platform

Nije moj problem ako zbog moje tehnološke platforme

causes families to go kill their girls in Pakistan.

obitelji u Pakistanu ubijaju svoje djevojke.

It's not my issue. It's their problem.

Nije moj problem. Njihov je.

I just have a technology platform."

Ja samo imam tehnološku platformu."

Now, I think we are now entering a stage

Mislim da sad ulazimo u fazu

where companies are starting to realize this is no longer sustainable,

gdje kompanije počinju shvaćati da ovo više nije održivo

and they're starting to see the pushback

i počinju vidjeti negativne reakcije

that's coming from people, users, citizens,

koje dolaze od ljudi, korisnika, građana,

but also governments that are starting to say,

ali također i vlada, koje počinju govoriti,

"This cannot be."

"Ovo ne može ovako."

So I think there is a maturity that is starting to set,

Mislim da postoji zrelost koja se počinje nazirati,

especially in that Silicon Valley area,

pogotovo u području Silicijske doline,

where people are beginning to say, "We have a role."

gdje ljudi počinju govoriti, "Mi imamo ulogu."

So when I speak to these leaders, I say,

Tako da, kada ja pričam s tim vođama, kažem,

"Look, you could be the CEO, a very successful CEO of a company,

"Gledajte, mogli biste biti direktor, vrlo uspješan direktor kompanije,

but you could also be a steward."

ali biste mogli biti i upravitelj."

And that's the key word.

I to je ključna riječ.

"You could be a steward of the power you have

"Mogli biste biti upravitelj moći koju imate

to shape the lives and the economies of billions of people.

da oblikujete živote i gospodarstva milijardi ljudi.

Which one do you want to be?"

Koje biste htjeli biti?"

And the answer is, it's not one or the other.

Odgovor je, ni jedno, ni drugo.

This is what we are missing right now.

To je ono što sada propuštamo.

So when an adult like Brad Smith, the president of Microsoft,

Kada je odrasla osoba poput Brada Smitha, predsjednika Microsofta,

said a few months ago,

nedavno rekla,

"We need a new set of Geneva Conventions

"Trebamo novi set Ženevskih konvencija

to manage the security of the digital space,"

kako bismo upravljali sigurnošću digitalnog prostora",

many of the senior leaders in Silicon Valley

puno starijih vođa Silicijske doline

actually spoke against his words.

zapravo su pričali protiv njegovih riječi.

"What do you mean, Geneva Convention?

"Kako mislite Ženevska konvencija?

We don't need any Geneva Conventions. We self-regulate."

Ne trebamo Ženevsku konvenciju. Upravljamo sami sobom."

But that mood is changing,

Ali to raspoloženje se mijenja

and I'm starting to see many leaders say,

i ja počinjem vidjeti puno vođa koji kažu:

"Help us out."

"Pomozite nam."

But here lies the conundrum.

Ali tu je zagonetka.

Who is going to help those leaders do the right thing?

Tko će pomoći tim vođama da učine pravu stvar?

BF: So who is going to help them?

BF: Tko će im pomoći?

Because I'd love to interview you for an hour,

Jer ja bih voljela intervjuirati Vas čitav sat,

but give me your biggest fear and your best hope

ali recite mi svoj najveći strah i najveću nadu

for how this is going to work out.

za to kako će ovo završiti.

FC: My biggest hope is that we will become each stewards

FC: Moja najveća nada je da ćemo mi postati upravitelji

of this new digital world.

ovog novog digitalnog svijeta.

That's my biggest hope,

To je moja najveća nada,

because I do think, often, we want to put the blame on others.

jer mislim da često želimo okriviti druge za sve.

"Oh, it's these CEOs. They're behaving this way."

"Direktori su krivi. Oni se tako ponašaju."

"These governments are not doing enough."

"Vlade ne rade dovoljno."

But how about us?

Ali što je s nama?

How is each of us actually taking the responsibility to be a steward

Kako svatko od nas preuzima ulogu upravitelja

of the digital space we live in?

digitalnog prostora u kojem živimo?

And one of the things I've been pushing on university presidents

Jednu od stvari koje učim predsjednike sveučilišta

is we need every engineering and science and computer science student

je potreba da svaki inženjer i student znanosti ili računarstva,

who is about to write the next line of code

koji će uskoro napisati neki novi kôd

or design the next IoT device

ili dizajnirati novi IoT uređaj,

to actually have in them a sense of responsibility and stewardship

ima osjećaj odgovornosti i vođenja

towards what they're building.

prema onome što stvara.

So I suggested we create a new oath,

Predložio sam da stvorimo zakletvu,

like the Hippocratic Oath,

poput Hipokratove zakletve,

so that every student entering an engineering program

tako da svaki student koji započne studij inženjerstva

takes a technocratic oath or a wisdom oath

prisegne na tehnokratsku zakletvu ili zakletvu mudrosti,

or some oath of commitment to the rest of us.

ili nekakvu zakletvu koja ih obvezuje prema nama.

That's my best hope, that we all rise.

To je moja najveća nada, da ćemo se svi uzdići.

Because governments and businesses will fight over this power game,

Jer vlade i kompanije se bore u ovoj borbi moći,

but where are we?

ali što mi radimo?

And unless we play into that power table,

Ako se ne uključimo u borbu moći,

I think we'll end up in a bad place.

mislim da ćemo loše završiti.

My biggest fear?

Moj najveći strah?

My biggest fear, to be very tactical today,

Moj najveći strah, da budem vrlo taktičan,

what is keeping me up at night

što me drži budnim noćima,

is the current war between the West, the liberal world,

je trenutni rat između zapada, liberalnog svijeta,

and China,

i Kine,

in the area of artificial intelligence.

u području umjetne inteligencije.

There is a real war going on,

Rat je stvaran,

and for those of us who have lived through the nuclear nonproliferation age

i za nas koji smo doživjeli doba ograničenja nuklearnog oružja

and saw how people agreed

i vidjeli kako su se ljudi složili

to take some very dangerous things off the table,

zabraniti nešto jako opasno,

well, the Carnegie Endowment just finished a study.

Carnegie Endowment je upravo završio istraživanje.

They talked to every country that made nuclear weapons

Svaku zemlju koja je proizvela nuklearno oružje

and asked them,

pitali su,

"Which digital 'weapon' would you take off the table

"Koje digitalno 'oružje' biste zabranili

against somebody else's schools or hospitals?"

protiv tuđih škola ili bolnica?"

And the answer --

I odgovor --

from every nuclear power -- to this question was,

svake od tih nuklearnih sila na ovo pitanje je bilo,

nothing.

ništa.

That's what I'm worried about ...

Toga se ja bojim...

The weaponization of the digital space,

Naoružanje digitalnog prostora

and the race to get there.

i utrka da se dođe do toga.

BF: Well, it sounds like you've got a lot of work to do,

BF: Izgleda da je pred Vama puno posla,

and so do the rest of us.

kao i pred nama ostalima.

Fadi, thank you so much. I really appreciate it.

Fadi, puno Vam hvala. Zaista to cijenim.

FC: Thank you.

FC: Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)