How cohousing can make us happier (and live longer) | Grace Kim

Prevoditelj: Sanda L Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

Loneliness.

Usamljenost.

All of us in this room will experience loneliness

Svatko od nas ovdje osjećat će usamljenost

at some point in our lives.

u nekom trenutku svog života.

Loneliness is not a function of being alone,

Usamljenost ne znači biti sam,

but rather, a function of how socially connected you are

već češće, koliko ste društveno povezani

to those around you.

s onima oko vas.

There could be somebody in this room right now

I ovdje sada može biti netko

surrounded by a thousand people

okružen mnoštvom ljudi,

experiencing loneliness.

a osjećati usamljenost.

And while loneliness can be attributed to many things,

I dok usamljenost može biti pripisana mnogim stvarima,

as an architect,

kao arhitektica,

I'm going to tell you today how loneliness can be the result

danas ću vam pričati o tome kako usamljenost može bit rezultat

of our built environments --

naše izgrađene okoline,

the very homes we choose to live in.

naših domova koje smo odabrali za život.

Let's take a look at this house.

Pogledajmo sada ovu kuću.

It's a nice house.

Vrlo lijepa kuća.

There's a big yard, picket fence,

Ima veliko dvorište, ogradu,

two-car garage.

garažu za dva automobila.

And the home might be in a neighborhood like this.

Ta kuća bi mogla biti u nekom susjedstvu poput ovog.

And for many people around the globe,

I za većinu ljudi diljem svijeta,

this home, this neighborhood --

ovakav dom, ovakvo susjedstvo,

it's a dream.

je dom iz snova.

And yet the danger of achieving this dream

A ipak, opasnost ostvarenja ovakvog sna

is a false sense of connection

je u lažnom osjećaju povezanosti

and an increase in social isolation.

te u povećanju društvene izoliranosti.

I know, I can hear you now,

Znam, već vas čujem,

there's somebody in the room screaming at me inside their head,

ovdje već ima netko tko u svojoj glavi viče na mene,

"That's my house, and that's my neighborhood,

"Ali to je moja kuća, moje susjedstvo,

and I know everyone on my block!"

i poznajem svakoga u mom kvartu!"

To which I would answer, "Terrific!"

Na što bih ja odgovorila, "Odlično!"

And I wish there were more people like you,

I željela bih da ima više osoba poput vas,

because I'd wager to guess there's more people in the room

jer bih se okladila da je u ovoj prostoriji više ljudi

living in a similar situation

koji žive u sličnom okruženju,

that might not know their neighbors.

ali ne poznaju svoje susjede.

They might recognize them and say hello,

Možda ih poznaju i pozdrave u prolazu,

but under their breath,

ali mrmljajući si u bradu

they're asking their spouse,

pitaju svog supružnika,

"What was their name again?"

"Kako se oni ono zovu?"

so they can ask a question by name to signify they know them.

kako bi im, oslovljavajući ih imenom, pokazali da ih poznaju.

Social media also contributes to this false sense of connection.

Društveni mediji također doprinose tom lažnom osjećaju povezanosti.

This image is probably all too familiar.

Ova slika je sigurno svima poznata.

You're standing in the elevator,

U liftu ste,

sitting in a cafe,

ili u kafiću,

and you look around,

pogledate oko sebe

and everyone's on their phone.

i svi su na svojim telefonima.

You're not texting or checking Facebook,

Vi ne šaljete SMS, ne provjeravate svoj FB profil,

but everyone else is,

ali svi oko vas to rade,

and maybe, like me, you've been in a situation

i možda ste, poput mene, bili u situaciji,

where you've made eye contact,

gdje ste pogledali nekoga,

smiled and said hello,

nasmješili se i pozdravili osobu,

and have that person yank out their earbuds

koja se zatim trznula, maknula slušalice

and say, "I'm sorry, what did you say?"

i rekla: "Oprostite, što ste rekli?"

I find this incredibly isolating.

Smatram to nevjerojatno izolirajućim.

The concept I'd like to share with you today

Koncept koji želim danas podijeliti s vama

is an antidote to isolation.

je lijek protiv izoliranosti.

It's not a new concept.

To nije novi koncept.

In fact, it's an age-old way of living,

Zapravo, radi se o vrlo starom načinu života,

and it still exists in many non-European cultures

koji još uvijek postoji u mnogim ne-europskim kulturama

around the world.

diljem svijeta.

And about 50 years ago,

A prije 50 godina,

the Danes decided to make up a new name,

Danci su odlučili dati tome novo ime

and since then,

i od tada,

tens of thousands of Danish people have been living in this connected way.

deseci tisuća Danaca žive ovako povezano.

And it's being pursued more widely around the globe

Ovo se sve više odvijalo diljem svijeta,

as people are seeking community.

kako su ljudi više tražili zajednicu.

This concept

Ovaj koncept

is cohousing.

zove se zajedničko stanovanje.

Cohousing is an intentional neighborhood where people know each other

Zajedničko stanovanje je kreirana okolina u kojoj se ljudi poznaju

and look after one another.

i brinu jedni za druge.

In cohousing, you have your own home,

U zajedničkom stanovanju imate svoj vlastiti dom,

but you also share significant spaces, both indoors and out.

ali i dijelite značajni dio unutarnjeg i vanjskog prostora.

Before I show you some pictures of cohousing,

Prije nego vam pokažem slike zajedničkog stanovanja,

I'd like to first introduce you to my friends Sheila and Spencer.

želim vam prvo predstaviti svoje prijatelje, Sheilu i Spencera.

When I first met Sheila and Spencer, they were just entering their 60s,

Kada sam upoznala Sheilu i Spencera, bili su upravo ušli u svoje 60-e godine,

a Spencer je mislio o budućnosti, na kraju svoje duge karijere

and Spencer was looking ahead at the end of a long career

u osnovnom obrazovanju.

in elementary education.

And he really disliked the idea

Zaista mu se nije svidjela pomisao

that he might not have children in his life

da možda neće imati djece u svom životu

upon retirement.

kada ode u mirovinu.

They're now my neighbors.

Oni su sada moji susjedi.

We live in a cohousing community that I not only designed,

Živimo u takvoj zajednici, koju nisam samo dizajnirala,

but developed

već i razvila

and have my architecture practice in.

te u kojoj imam svoj arhitektonski ured.

This community is very intentional about our social interactions.

Ovakva zajednica je vrlo određena u vezi s društvenim interakcijama.

So let me take you on a tour.

Povest ću vas u razgledavanje.

From the outside, we look like any other small apartment building.

Izvana izgledamo kao bilo koja druga zgrada s malim stanovima.

In fact, we look identical to the one next door,

Zapravo, zgrada izgleda identično susjednoj zgradi,

except that we're bright yellow.

osim što je naša žarko žuta.

Inside, the homes are fairly conventional.

Iznutra, stanovi su prilično uobičajenog izgleda.

We all have living rooms and kitchens,

Svi imamo dnevne sobe i kuhinje,

bedrooms and baths,

spavaće sobe i kupaonice

and there are nine of these homes around a central courtyard.

i ukupno je devet ovakvih domova oko središnjeg prostora.

This one's mine,

Ovaj je moj,

and this one is Spencer and Sheila's.

a ovaj Spencerov i Sheilin.

The thing that makes this building uniquely cohousing

Ono što ovu zgradu čini jedinstvenom kod ovakvog stanovanja,

are not the homes,

nisu domovi,

but rather, what happens here --

već ono što se tamo odvija,

the social interactions that happen in and around that central courtyard.

društvene interakcije unutar i oko središnjeg prostora.

When I look across the courtyard,

Kada pogledam preko,

veselim se što ću vidjeti Spencera i Sheilu.

I look forward to see Spencer and Sheila.

In fact, every morning, this is what I see,

Zapravo, svakog jutra vidim ovo,

Spencer waving at me furiously as we're making our breakfasts.

Spencera koji mi maše, dok mi pripremamo doručak.

From our homes, we look down into the courtyard,

Iz svojih domova gledamo na zajednički prostor

and depending on the time of year,

i ovisno o dobu godine,

we see this:

vidimo ovo:

kids and grownups in various combinations

djecu i odrasle u raznim kombinacijama,

playing and hanging out with each other.

igrajući se i družeći se jedni s drugima.

There's a lot of giggling and chatter.

Mnogo je hihotanja i brbljanja.

There's a lot of hula-hooping.

Često se vrti hulahop.

And every now and then, "Hey, quit hitting me!"

I svako malo čujemo, "Hej, prestani me udarati!"

or a cry from one of the kids.

ili plač nekog djeteta.

These are the sounds of our daily lives,

To su zvukovi naših svakodnevnih života

and the sounds of social connectedness.

i zvukovi društvene povezanosti.

At the bottom of the courtyard, there are a set of double doors,

Na dnu zajedničkog prostora postoje dvostruka vrata

and those lead into the common house.

koja vode u zajedničku kuću.

I consider the common house the secret sauce of cohousing.

Zajednička kuća je tajni sastojak zajedničkog stanovanja.

It's the secret sauce

Kažem tajni sastojak

because it's the place where the social interactions

jer tamo počinje socijalna interakcija

and community life begin,

i život zajednice

and from there, it radiates out through the rest of the community.

te se od tamo širi na ostatak zajednice.

Inside our common house, we have a large dining room

Unutar naše zajedničke kuće imamo prostranu blagovaonicu,

to seat all 28 of us and our guests,

u koju stane svih nas 28 te gosti,

and we dine together three times a week.

i tu zajedno večeramo tri puta tjedno.

In support of those meals, we have a large kitchen

Za sve te obroke imamo veliku kuhinju,

so that we can take turns cooking for each other

kako bismo se međusobno smjenjivali u kuhanju,

in teams of three.

svaki puta po troje.

So that means, with 17 adults,

To znači, sa 17 odraslih,

I lead cook once every six weeks.

predvodim kuhanje jednom u 6 tjedana.

Two other times, I show up and help my team

Ostala dva puta dođem i pomažem svom timu

with the preparation and cleanup.

u pripremama i čišćenju.

And all those other nights,

A sve te ostale večeri

I just show up.

samo dođem.

I have dinner, talk with my neighbors,

Večeram, popričam sa susjedima

and I go home, having been fed a delicious meal

i odem kući s osjećajem da sam pojela ukusan obrok,

by someone who cares about my vegetarian preferences.

kojeg je pripremio netko tko brine za mene kao vegetarijanca.

Our nine families have intentionally chosen

Naših devet obitelji namjerno je odabralo

an alternative way of living.

alternativni način života.

Instead of pursuing the American dream,

Umjesto da slijedimo američki san,

where we might have been isolated in our single-family homes,

gdje bismo mogli biti izolirani u svojim kućama za jednu obitelj,

we instead chose cohousing,

odabrali smo zajedničko stanovanje,

so that we can increase our social connections.

kako bismo povećali svoju društvenu povezanost.

And that's how cohousing starts:

Tako počinje zajedničko stanovanje:

with a shared intention

zajedničkom namjerom

to live collaboratively.

za zajedničkim životom.

And intention is the single most important characteristic

A namjera je najvažnija značajka

that differentiates cohousing from any other housing model.

koja razlikuje ovaj, od ikojeg drugog koncepta stanovanja.

And while intention is difficult to see

I dok je namjeru teško uočiti,

or even show,

čak i pokazati,

I'm an architect, and I can't help but show you more pictures.

budući sam arhitektica, moram vam pokazati još slika.

So here are a few examples to illustrate

Evo još nekoliko primjera koji pokazuju

how intention has been expressed

kako se izrazila namjera

in some of the communities I've visited.

u nekim od zajednica koje sam posjetila.

Through the careful selection of furniture,

Pažljivim odabirom namještaja,

lighting and acoustic materials to support eating together;

osvjetljenja i akustičnih materijala, važnim za zajedničke obroke,

in the careful visual location and visual access

pažljivo odabranom lokacijom i vizualnim pristupom

to kids' play areas around and inside the common house;

za dječja igrališta oko i unutar zajedničke kuće;

in the consideration of scale

uzevši u obzir raspon

and distribution of social gathering nodes

i raspored mjesta društvenih okupljanja

in and around the community to support our daily lives,

unutar i oko zajednice, koji prate svakodnevni život,

all of these spaces help contribute to and elevate

svi ti prostori pomažu u doprinosu i podizanju

the sense of communitas

osjećaja zajedništva

in each community.

u svakoj toj zajednici.

What was that word? "Communitas."

Koja je ono bila riječ? "Communitas."

Communitas is a fancy social science way of saying "spirit of community."

To je pomodni način za izraziti "duh zajedništva."

And in visiting over 80 different communities,

Posjetivši preko 80 različith zajednica,

my measure of communitas became:

moja mjera duha zajedništva postalo je:

How frequently did residents eat together?

Koliko često stanari jedu zajedno?

While it's completely up to each group

I dok o svakoj pojedinoj grupi ovisi

how frequently they have common meals,

koliko često će imati zajedničke obroke,

I know some that have eaten together every single night

znam neke koji jedu zajedno svake večeri

for the past 40 years.

zadnjih 40 godina.

I know others

Znam i druge,

that have an occasional potluck once or twice a month.

koji pojedu ponekad nešto brzinski jednom, dvaput mjesečno.

And from my observations, I can tell you,

Promatrajući sve njih, mogu vam reći,

those that eat together more frequently,

da oni koji češće jedu zajedno,

exhibit higher levels of communitas.

imaju jače izražen duh zajedništva.

It turns out, when you eat together,

Ispada, kada jedete zajedno,

you start planning more activities together.

počinjete planirati i više zajedničkih aktivnosti.

When you eat together, you share more things.

Kada jedete zajedno, više toga dijelite.

Počinjete paziti i na tuđu djecu.

You start to watch each other's kids.

You lend our your power tools. You borrow each other's cars.

Posuđujete si međusobno svoj alat ili automobile.

And despite all this,

No, unatoč svemu tome,

as my daughter loves to say,

kako moja kćer to voli reći,

everything is not rainbows and unicorns in cohousing,

nije sve u zajedničkom stanovanju samo cvijeće, duga i jednorozi,

and I'm not best friends with every single person in my community.

i nisam najbolji prijatelj sa svakom osobom u zajednici.

We even have differences and conflicts.

Svi imamo svoje razlika i neslaganja.

But living in cohousing, we're intentional about our relationships.

No, živeći u ovakvoj zajednici svjesni smo svojih odnosa.

We're motivated to resolve our differences.

Želimo pomiriti međusobne razlike.

We follow up, we check in,

Čujemo se, javimo se,

we speak our personal truths

pričamo svoje osobne istine,

and, when appropriate,

a kada je prikladno,

we apologize.

i ispričamo se.

Skeptics will say that cohousing is only interesting or attractive

Skeptici će reći da je ovakvo stanovanje zanimljivo ili atraktivno

to a very small group of people.

vrlo maloj grupi ljudi.

And I'll agree with that.

I slažem se s tim.

If you look at Western cultures around the globe,

Ako pogledate zapadne kulture diljem svijeta,

those living in cohousing are just a fractional percent.

oni koje žive na ovakav način čine vrlo mali udio.

But that needs to change,

No, to bi se trebalo promijeniti,

because our very lives depend upon it.

jer sami naši životi ovise o tome.

In 2015, Brigham Young University completed a study

2015. godine sveučilište Brigham Young završilo je studiju,

that showed a significant increase risk of premature death

koja je pokazala značajan porast rizika od preuranjene smrti,

in those who were living in isolation.

kod onih koji su živjeli izolirano.

The US Surgeon General has declared isolation

Američki odjel za javno zdravstvo proglasio je izoliranost

to be a public health epidemic.

epidemijom za javno zdravlje.

And this epidemic is not restricted to the US alone.

I ta epidemija nije ograničena samo na SAD.

So when I said earlier

I kada sam ranije rekla

that cohousing is an antidote to isolation,

da je zajedničko stanovanje lijek protiv izoliranosti,

what I should have said

zapravo sam trebala reći,

is that cohousing can save your life.

da vam zajedničko stanovanje može spasiti život.

If I was a doctor, I would tell you to take two aspirin,

Da sam liječnica, rekla bih vam da uzmete dva aspirina

and call me in the morning.

i nazovete me ujutro.

But as an architect,

No, kao arhitektica,

I'm going to suggest that you take a walk with your neighbor,

preporučit ću vam da prošetate sa svojim susjedom,

share a meal together,

podijelite obrok,

and call me in 20 years.

i nazovete me za 20 godina.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)