Taryn Simon photographs secret sites

102,735 views ・ 2009-09-24

TED


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Prevoditelj: Jelena Skendzic Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG
00:18
Okay, so
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Znači,
00:20
90 percent of my photographic process
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90 posto mojeg fotografskog procesa
00:23
is, in fact, not photographic.
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ustvari nije fotografsko.
00:25
It involves a campaign of letter writing,
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Ono uključuje kampanju sadržanu od pisanja pisama,
00:28
research and phone calls
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istraživanja i telefonskih poziva
00:30
to access my subjects,
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kojima pristupam svojim subjektima,
00:32
which can range from Hamas leaders in Gaza
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koji variraju od vođa Hamasa u Gazi
00:35
to a hibernating black bear in its cave
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do crnog medvjeda koji hibernira u svojoj špilji
00:38
in West Virginia.
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u Zapadnoj Virginiji.
00:41
And oddly, the most notable
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I začudo, najznačajnije
00:44
letter of rejection I ever received
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pismo odbijanja koje sam ikada primila
00:46
came from Walt Disney World,
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došlo je od Walt Disney World-a,
00:48
a seemingly innocuous site.
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naizgled bezopasnog mjesta.
00:50
And it read -- I'm just going to read a key sentence:
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Pisalo je - pročitat ću glavnu rečenicu:
00:53
"Especially during these violent times,
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"Pogotovo, tijekom ovih nasilnih vremena,
00:56
I personally believe
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osobno vjerujem
00:58
that the magical spell cast upon guests who visit our theme parks
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kako je čaroliju, koja vlada posjetiteljima našeg tematskog parka,
01:02
is particularly important to protect
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posebno važno zaštititi,
01:05
and helps to provide them with an important fantasy
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i da pomaže osigurati važnu fantaziju
01:07
they can escape to."
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kojoj mogu pribjeći."
01:09
Photography threatens fantasy.
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Fotografija prijeti fantaziji.
01:12
They didn't want to let my camera in
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Nisu htjeli pustiti kameru unutra
01:14
because it confronts constructed realities, myths and beliefs,
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jer se ona suprotstavlja konstruiranim stvarnostima, mitovima i vjerovanjima,
01:18
and provides what appears to be
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i pruža nešto što se čini
01:21
evidence of a truth.
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dokazom istine.
01:23
But there are multiple truths attached to every image,
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Ali postoje višestruke istine vezane za svaku sliku,
01:26
depending on the creator's intention, the viewer
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ovisno o autorovoj namjeri, o promatraču,
01:29
and the context in which it is presented.
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i o kontekstu u kojem je prezentirana.
01:33
Over a five year period following September 11th,
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Tijekom petogodišnjeg perioda, nakon 11. rujna,
01:36
when the American media and government were seeking
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kada su američki mediji i vlada tražili
01:38
hidden and unknown sites
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skrivena i nepoznata mjesta
01:40
beyond its borders,
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izvan vlastitih granica,
01:42
most notably weapons of mass destruction,
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osobito oružja masovnog uništenja,
01:45
I chose to look inward at that which was integral
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odabrala sam gledati unutra, u integralni dio
01:48
to America's foundation,
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američkih temelja,
01:50
mythology and daily functioning.
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mitologiju i svakodnevno funkcioniranje.
01:52
I wanted to confront the boundaries of the citizen,
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Htjela sam suprotstaviti granice građana,
01:55
self-imposed and real,
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samo-nametnute i stvarne,
01:57
and confront the divide between privileged
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kao i podjelu između privilegiranog
02:00
and public access to knowledge.
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i javnog pristupa znanju.
02:04
It was a critical moment in American history
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Bio je to kritičan trenutak u američkoj
02:07
and global history
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i globalnoj povijesti
02:09
where one felt they didn't have access to accurate information.
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gdje se mogla osjetiti nemogućnost pristupa točnim informacijama.
02:12
And I wanted to see the center with my own eyes,
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Htjela sam vidjeti središte vlastitim očima,
02:16
but what I came away with is a photograph.
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ali iznjedrila se fotografija.
02:19
And it's just another place from which to observe,
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I to je samo još jedno mjesto za promatranje
02:21
and the understanding that
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i razumijevanje kako
02:23
there are no absolute, all-knowing insiders.
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ne postoje apsolutni, sveznajući insajderi.
02:26
And the outsider can never really reach the core.
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Onaj izvana nikada ne može u potpunosti dosegnuti srž.
02:31
I'm going to run through some of the photographs in this series.
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Prelistati ću neke fotografije iz ovog serijala.
02:35
It's titled, "An American Index
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Zove se "Američki indeks
02:37
of the Hidden and Unfamiliar,"
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skrivenog i nepoznatog",
02:39
and it's comprised of nearly 70 images.
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i sastoji se od skoro 70 slika.
02:42
In this context I'll just show you a few.
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U ovome kontekstu pokazati ću ih samo nekoliko.
02:44
This is a nuclear waste storage and encapsulation facility
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Ovo je skladište i objekt za oblaganje nuklearnog otpada
02:49
at Hanford site in Washington State,
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u Hanfordu, u državi Washington,
02:51
where there are over 1,900
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gdje se nalazi više od 1900
02:53
stainless steel capsules containing nuclear waste
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kapsula od nehrđajućeg čelika koje sadržavaju nuklearni otpad,
02:55
submerged in water.
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potopljen u vodi.
02:57
A human standing in front of an unprotected capsule would die instantly.
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Čovjek koji bi se našao pred nezaštićenom kapsulom, umro bi na mjestu.
03:01
And I found one section amongst all of these
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Pronašla sam jedan dio među svima,
03:04
that actually resembled the outline
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koji je nalikovao na obris
03:06
of the United States of America,
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Sjedinjenih Američkih Država,
03:08
which you can see here.
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što možete vidjeti ovdje.
03:10
And a big part of the work that is
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Veliki dio rada koji
03:12
sort of absent in this context is text.
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izostaje u ovome kontekstu je tekst.
03:16
So I create these two poles.
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Zato kreiram dva pola.
03:18
Every image is accompanied with a very detailed factual text.
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Svaku sliku prati detaljan činjenični tekst.
03:22
And what I'm most interested in
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I ono što mene najviše interesira je
03:24
is the invisible space between a text
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nevidljivi prostor između teksta
03:27
and its accompanying image,
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i pripadajuće slike,
03:29
and how the image is transformed by the text
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te kako tekst transformira sliku,
03:32
and the text by the image.
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a slika tekst.
03:34
So, at best, the image is meant to float away
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U idealnom slučaju, slika odpluta
03:36
into abstraction and multiple truths and fantasy.
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u apstrakciju, i višestruke istine, i fantaziju.
03:40
And then the text functions as this cruel anchor
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Tekst tada funkcionira kao okrutno sidro
03:43
that kind of nails it to the ground.
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koje ga pričvršćuje za dno.
03:45
But in this context I'm just going to read
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U ovome kontekstu pročitati ću
03:48
an abridged version of those texts.
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skraćenu verziju tih tekstova.
03:50
This is a cryopreservation unit,
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Ovo je krionička jedinica
03:53
and it holds the bodies of the wife and mother
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i u njoj se nalaze tijela majke i žene
03:55
of cryonics pioneer Robert Ettinger,
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pionira krionike, Roberta Ettingera,
03:57
who hoped to be awoken one day to extended life
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koji se nadao probuditi jednoga dana u produženom životu,
04:00
in good health, with advancements in science and technology,
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u dobrome zdravlju, s napretkom u znanosti i tehnologiji,
04:04
all for the cost of 35 thousand dollars, for forever.
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i sve to za cijenu od 35.000 dolara, zauvijek.
04:09
This is a 21-year-old Palestinian woman
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Ovo je dvadesetjednogodišnja Palestinka
04:12
undergoing hymenoplasty.
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tijekom himenoplastike.
04:14
Hymenoplasty is a surgical procedure which restores the virginal state,
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Himenoplastika je kirurški zahvat tijekom kojeg se vraća djevičanstvo,
04:19
allowing her to adhere to certain cultural expectations
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i kojim joj je omogućeno održati određena kulturna očekivanja
04:22
regarding virginity and marriage.
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vezana za nevinost i brak.
04:24
So it essentially reconstructs a ruptured hymen,
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U suštini, time se rekonstruira puknuti himen
04:27
allowing her to bleed upon having sexual intercourse,
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zbog čega je seksualni odnos popraćen krvarenjem
04:31
to simulate the loss of virginity.
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koje simulira gubitak nevinosti.
04:34
This is a jury simulation deliberation room,
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Ovo je simulacija porotničke vijećnice,
04:37
and you can see beyond that two-way mirror
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i, kao što možete vidjeti, iza dvostranog ogledala
04:39
jury advisers standing in a room behind the mirror.
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savjetnici porote stoje u sobi iza ogledala.
04:43
And they observe deliberations
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Promatraju vijećanje
04:45
after mock trial proceedings
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nakon lažnog sudbenog postupka
04:47
so that they can better advise their clients how to adjust their trial strategy
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kako bi mogli adekvatnije savjetovati klijente o prilagodbi svojih proceduralnih strategija
04:51
to have the outcome that they're hoping for.
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za postizanje željenog ishoda.
04:54
This process costs 60,000 dollars.
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Ovaj proces košta 60.000 dolara.
04:59
This is a U.S. Customs and Border Protection room,
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Ovo je prostor carinske i pogranične zaštite Sjedinjenih Država,
05:03
a contraband room, at John F. Kennedy International Airport.
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soba za krijumičarenje u međunarodnoj zrakoplovnoj luci John F. Kennedy.
05:06
On that table you can see 48 hours' worth
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Na stolu se može vidjeti roba zaplijenjena tijekom 48 sati
05:09
of seized goods from passengers entering in to the United States.
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od putnika na ulasku u Sjedinjene Države.
05:13
There is a pig's head and African cane rats.
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Vidimo svinjsku glavu i afričke štakore.
05:17
And part of my photographic work
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Dio mojega fotografskog rada
05:19
is I'm not just documenting what's there.
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nije samo dokumentiranje onoga što je tamo.
05:22
I do take certain liberties and intervene.
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Dajem si određenu slobodu i interveniram.
05:25
And in this I really wanted it to resemble
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I u tome sam htjela nalikovati
05:27
an early still-life painting,
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ranoj slici mrtve prirode
05:29
so I spent some time with the smells and items.
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pa sam provela neko vrijeme s mirisima i predmetima.
05:34
This is the exhibited art on the walls of the CIA
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Ovo je umjetnost izložena na zidovima CIA-e
05:37
in Langley, Virginia, their original headquarters building.
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u Langleyju, Virginiji, njihovom originalnom glavnom sjedištu.
05:40
And the CIA has had a long history
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CIA ima dugu povijest
05:43
with both covert and public cultural diplomacy efforts.
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prikrivenih i javnih angažmana u kulturnoj diplomaciji.
05:47
And it's speculated that some of their interest in the arts
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Spekulira se kako je dio njezina interesa za umjetnost
05:49
was designed to counter Soviet communism
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osmišljeno kao protuteža sovjetskom komunizmu
05:52
and promote what it considered to be pro-American
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i promocija onoga što se smatralo pro-američkom
05:54
thoughts and aesthetics.
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mišlju i estetikom.
05:56
And one of the art forms that elicited the interest of the agency,
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Jedan od umjetničkih oblika koji je izazvao interes agencije
06:00
and had thus come under question, is abstract expressionism.
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i zbog toga postao upitan, bio je apstraktni ekspresionizam.
06:06
This is the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility,
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Ovo je Postrojenje za istraživanja u forenzičkoj antropologiji
06:10
and on a six acre plot
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i prostire se na zemljištu veličine 6 jutara,
06:12
there are approximately 75 cadavers at any given time
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gdje se u svako doba nalazi oko 75 leševa
06:16
that are being studied by forensic anthropologists
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koje proučavaju forenzički antropolozi
06:19
and researchers who are interested in monitoring
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i istraživači zainteresirani za mjerenje
06:22
a rate of corpse decomposition.
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brzine raspadanja leševa.
06:25
And in this particular photograph the body of a young boy
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I na ovoj konkretnoj fotografiji je tijelo mladoga dječaka
06:28
has been used to reenact a crime scene.
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iskorišteno za uprizorenje scene zločina.
06:32
This is the only federally funded site
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Ovo je jedino federalno financirano mjesto
06:35
where it is legal to cultivate cannabis
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gdje je legalno uzgajati kanabis
06:38
for scientific research in the United States.
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za znanstvena istraživanja u Sjedinjenim Državama.
06:41
It's a research crop marijuana grow room.
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To je soba za istraživanje rasta usjeva marihuane.
06:43
And part of the work that I hope for
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Dio rada kojem se nadam
06:46
is that there is a sort of disorienting entropy
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je da postoji svojevrsna dezorijentirajuća entropija
06:49
where you can't find any discernible formula in how these things --
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u kojoj ne postoji primjetna formula za ove stvari -
06:53
they sort of awkwardly jump from government to science
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one nespretno skaču s vlade na znanost,
06:56
to religion to security --
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na vjeru, na osiguranje,
06:58
and you can't completely understand
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i ne možete u potpunosti shvatiti
07:01
how information is being distributed.
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kako se informacija distribuira.
07:05
These are transatlantic submarine communication cables
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Postoje transatlantički podvodni kablovi za komunikaciju
07:08
that travel across the floor of the Atlantic Ocean,
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koji putuju diljem dna Atlantskog oceana,
07:11
connecting North America to Europe.
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povezujući Sjevernu Ameriku s Europom.
07:13
They carry over 60 million simultaneous voice conversations,
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Nose više od 60 milijuna simultanih razgovora,
07:17
and in a lot of the government and technology sites
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i na mnogim vladinim i tehnološkim lokacijama
07:20
there was just this very apparent vulnerability.
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postojala je očigledna ranjivost.
07:23
This one is almost humorous because it feels like I could
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Ovo zvuči duhovito jer se čini kao da bih mogla
07:25
just snip all of that conversation in one easy cut.
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prekinuti svu tu konverzaciju jednim jednostavnim rezom.
07:28
But stuff did feel like it could have been taken
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Ali stvari su se činile kao da su
07:32
30 or 40 years ago, like it was locked in the Cold War era
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30 ili 40 godina iz prošlosti, zaključane u eri Hladnog rata
07:36
and hadn't necessarily progressed.
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i nisu nužno napredovale.
07:39
This is a Braille edition of Playboy magazine.
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Ovo je Braillova edicija Playboy magazina.
07:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:44
And this is ... a division of the Library of Congress
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A ovo je... odijeljenje Kongresne knjižnice
07:46
produces a free national library service
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pruža besplatne knjižničke usluge
07:50
for the blind and visually impaired,
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za slijepe i slabovidne,
07:52
and the publications they choose to publish
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i publikacije koje objavljuju
07:54
are based on reader popularity.
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bazirane su na popularnosti među čitateljstvom.
07:57
And Playboy is always in the top few.
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I Playboy je uvijek u nekoliko najpopularnijih.
07:59
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:01
But you'd be surprised, they don't do the photographs. It's just the text.
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Ali začudili biste se, nema fotografija. Postoji samo tekst.
08:05
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:06
This is an avian quarantine facility
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Ovo je ptičja karantena
08:08
where all imported birds coming into America
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gdje sve ptice koje stignu u Ameriku
08:10
are required to undergo a 30-day quarantine,
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podliježu tridesetodnevnoj karanteni,
08:13
where they are tested for diseases
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gdje su testirane na bolesti,
08:15
including Exotic Newcastle Disease
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uključujući egzotični Newcastle virus
08:17
and Avian Influenza.
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i ptičju gripu.
08:21
This film shows
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Ovaj film pokazuje
08:25
the testing of a new explosive fill on a warhead.
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testiranje novog eksplozivnog punjenja na bojnoj glavi.
08:29
And the Air Armament Center
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Centar za zračno naoružanje
08:31
at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida
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u Eglinovoj Air Force bazi u Floridi
08:33
is responsible for the deployment and testing
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odgovoran je za razvoj i ispitivanje
08:35
of all air-delivered weaponry
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cijelog zračnog naoružanja
08:38
coming from the United States.
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koje dolazi iz Sjedinjenih Država.
08:42
And the film was shot on 72 millimeter, government-issue film.
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Film je snimljen na 72-milimetarskoj traci, po vladinom nalogu.
08:46
And that red dot is a marking on the government-issue film.
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Ova crvena točka je oznaka filma po vladinom nalogu.
08:50
All living white tigers in North America
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Svi živući bijeli tigrovi u Sjevernoj Americi
08:53
are the result of selective inbreeding --
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rezultat su selektivnog srodničkog parenja
08:55
that would be mother to son,
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majke sa sinom,
08:57
father to daughter, sister to brother --
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oca sa kćeri, sestre sa bratom -
08:59
to allow for the genetic conditions
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kako bi se ostvarili genetski uvjeti
09:02
that create a salable white tiger.
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koji stvaraju kurentnog bijelog tigra.
09:04
Meaning white fur, ice blue eyes, a pink nose.
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Točnije, s bijelim krznom, ledeno plavim očima, ružičastim nosom.
09:08
And the majority of these white tigers
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Većina bijelih tigrova
09:11
are not born in a salable state
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nisu rođeni u takvome stanju
09:13
and are killed at birth.
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i bivaju ubijeni pri rođenju.
09:15
It's a very violent process that is little known.
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Ovaj nasilan proces malo je poznat.
09:18
And the white tiger is obviously celebrated in several forms of entertainment.
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A bijeli tigar je očigledno slavljen u nekoliko zabavljačkih vrsta.
09:23
Kenny was born. He actually made it to adulthood.
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Kenny je rođen. Doživio je odraslost.
09:26
He has since passed away,
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Tada je uginuo,
09:28
but was mentally retarded
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ali je bio mentalno retardiran
09:30
and suffers from severe bone abnormalities.
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i bolovao od teških koštanih abnormalnosti.
09:34
This, on a lighter note, is at
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Sa svjetlije strane, ovo je u
09:36
George Lucas' personal archive.
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osobnoj arhivi Georgea Lucasa.
09:39
This is the Death Star.
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Ovo je Zvijezda smrti.
09:41
And it's shown here in its true orientation.
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Ovdje je pokazana u pravoj orijentaciji.
09:44
In the context of "Star Wars: Return of the Jedi,"
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U kontekstu filma Ratovi zvijezda: Povratak Jedija
09:46
its mirror image is presented.
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prikazana je njezina zrcalna slika.
09:48
They flip the negative.
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Prikazan je negativ.
09:50
And you can see the photoetched brass detailing,
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Možete vidjeti urezane detalje na mesingu
09:53
and the painted acrylic facade.
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i oslikanu akrilnu fasadu.
09:55
In the context of the film,
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U kontekstu filma,
09:57
this is a deep-space battle station of the Galactic Empire,
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ovo je vojna postaja Galaktičkog carstva u dubokome svemiru
10:00
capable of annihilating planets and civilizations,
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sposobnog uništiti planete i civilizacije
10:04
and in reality it measures about four feet by two feet.
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a u stvarnosti je velika 4x2 stope.
10:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:11
This is at Fort Campbell in Kentucky.
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Ovo je Fort Campbell u Kentuckyju.
10:14
It's a Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain site.
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Ovo je prostor za vojne operacije na urbaniziranom terenu.
10:17
Essentially they've simulated a city
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U srži, simuliran je grad
10:20
for urban combat,
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za urbane borbe
10:22
and this is one of the structures that exists in that city.
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i ovo je jedna od struktura koja postoji u tome gradu.
10:24
It's called the World Church of God.
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Zove se Svjetska Božja crkva.
10:27
It's supposed to be a generic site of worship.
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Predstavlja generičko mjesto štovanja.
10:30
And after I took this photograph,
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Nakon što sam ovo fotografirala,
10:33
they constructed a wall around the World Church of God
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sagrađen je zid oko Svjetske Božje crkve
10:35
to mimic the set-up of mosques in Afghanistan or Iraq.
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koji je imitirao džamije u Afganistanu ili Iraku.
10:40
And I worked with Mehta Vihar
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I radila sam s Mehtom Viharom
10:42
who creates virtual simulations for the army
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koji stvara virtualne simulacije za vojsku,
10:45
for tactical practice.
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za taktičke vježbe.
10:47
And we put that wall around the World Church of God,
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Stavili smo zid oko Crkve i
10:49
and also used the characters and vehicles and explosions
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koristili likove, vozila i eksplozije
10:53
that are offered in the video games for the army.
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ponuđene u video igrama za vojsku.
10:56
And I put them into my photograph.
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Stavila sam ih u svoju fotografiju.
11:00
This is live HIV virus
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To je živi virus HIV-a
11:02
at Harvard Medical School, who is working with the U.S. Government
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na harvardovom Medicinskom fakultetu, koji radi s vladom Sjedinjenih Država
11:04
to develop sterilizing immunity.
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na razvoju sterilizirajućeg imuniteta.
11:08
And Alhurra is a U.S. Government- sponsored
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Sponzorirana od strane američke vlade, Alhurra je
11:11
Arabic language television network
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televizijska mreža na arapskome jeziku
11:14
that distributes news and information to over 22 countries in the Arab world.
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koja distribuira vijesti i informacije u više od 22 zemlje arapskoga svijeta.
11:19
It runs 24 hours a day, commercial free.
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Emitira 24 sata dnevno, bez reklama.
11:22
However, it's illegal to broadcast Alhurra within the United States.
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Međutim, ilegalno je emitirati ju unutar Sjedinjenih Država.
11:27
And in 2004, they developed a channel called Alhurra Iraq,
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2004. razvijen je Alhurra Irak,
11:30
which specifically deals with events occurring in Iraq
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program specijaliziran za događaje vezane za Irak
11:33
and is broadcast to Iraq.
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koji se emitira u Iraku.
11:36
Now I'm going to move on to another project I did.
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Sad se prebacujem na svoj drugi projekt.
11:38
It's titled "The Innocents."
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Zove se "Nevini".
11:41
And for the men in these photographs,
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I za ljude ovdje,
11:43
photography had been used to create a fantasy.
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fotografija je iskorištena za stvaranje fantazije.
11:46
Contradicting its function as evidence of a truth,
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Proturječno svojoj funkciji, kao dokaz istini,
11:49
in these instances it furthered the fabrication of a lie.
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u ovim slučajevima je potpomogla konstruiranju laži.
11:53
I traveled across the United States
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Putovala sam diljem Amerike
11:55
photographing men and women who had been wrongfully convicted
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fotografirajući muškarce i žene, pogrešno osuđene
11:58
of crimes they did not commit, violent crimes.
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za zločine koje nisu počinili, nasilne zločine.
12:02
I investigate photography's ability to blur truth and fiction,
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Istražujem sposobnost fotografije da zamagli istinu i fikciju,
12:06
and its influence on memory,
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i njezin utjecaj na sjećanje
12:08
which can lead to severe, even lethal consequences.
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koji može dovesti do teških, čak smrtonosnih posljedica.
12:12
For the men in these photographs,
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Za ljude na ovim fotografijama
12:14
the primary cause of their wrongful conviction
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osnovni razlog njihove netočne osude
12:16
was mistaken identification.
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bila je zabuna u identifikaciji.
12:19
A victim or eyewitness identifies
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Žrtva ili svjedok identificira
12:21
a suspected perpetrator
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osumnjičenika
12:23
through law enforcement's use of images.
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koristeći fotografije na zakonski reguliran način.
12:26
But through exposure to composite sketches,
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No, kroz izloženost sastavljenim licima na crtežima,
12:28
Polaroids, mug shots and line-ups,
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polaroidima, policijskim slikama i postrojavanjima,
12:31
eyewitness testimony can change.
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iskaz svjedoka može se promijeniti.
12:33
I'll give you an example from a case.
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Dat ću vam primjer jednoga slučaja.
12:36
A woman was raped and presented with a series of photographs
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Žena je silovana te joj je ponuđen niz fotografija
12:39
from which to identify her attacker.
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od kojih je trebala identificirati napadača.
12:41
She saw some similarities in one of the photographs,
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Vidjela je neke sličnosti s licem na jednoj od fotografija,
12:45
but couldn't quite make a positive identification.
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ali ga nije mogla definitivno identificirati,
12:47
Days later, she is presented with another photo array
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Danima kasnije, nanovo joj je pokazano mnoštvo fotografija,
12:51
of all new photographs,
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sve nove,
12:53
except that one photograph that she had some draw to
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osim one jedne koja je privukla njezinu pažnju
12:56
from the earlier array is repeated in the second array.
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iz protekle skupine fotografija.
12:59
And a positive identification is made
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Tada je sa sigurnošću identificirala počinitelja
13:02
because the photograph replaced the memory,
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jer je fotografija zamijenila sjećanje,
13:04
if there ever was an actual memory.
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ako je stvarno ikada i postojalo.
13:08
Photography offered the criminal justice system
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Fotografija ponuđena u kaznenom pravosuđu
13:11
a tool that transformed innocent citizens into criminals,
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oruđe je koje transformira nevine građane u kriminalce,
13:14
and the criminal justice system failed to recognize the limitations
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a pravosuđe ne prepoznaje svoja ograničenja
13:18
of relying on photographic identifications.
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kada se oslanja na fotografske identifikacije.
13:22
Frederick Daye, who is photographed at his alibi location,
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Frederick Daye, fotografiran na lokaciji koja mu je pružila alibi,
13:26
where 13 witnesses placed him at the time of the crime.
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gdje ga je 13 svjedoka smjestilo za vrijeme počinjenja zločina.
13:29
He was convicted by an all-white jury
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Osudila ga je bjelačka porota
13:32
of rape, kidnapping and vehicle theft.
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za silovanje, otmicu i krađu vozila.
13:34
And he served 10 years of a life sentence.
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Odslužio je 10 godina kazne.
13:38
Now DNA exonerated Frederick
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DNK je oslobodio Fredericka
13:40
and it also implicated another man
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i upleo drugog čovjeka
13:42
who was serving time in prison.
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koji je služio zatvorsku kaznu.
13:44
But the victim refused to press charges
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Žrtva je odbila tužiti
13:46
because she claimed that law enforcement
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s tvrdnjom da joj je pravosudni sustav
13:48
had permanently altered her memory through the use of Frederick's photograph.
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trajno promijenio sjećanje korištenjem Frederickove fotografije.
13:53
Charles Fain was convicted of kidnapping, rape and murder
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Charles Fain je osuđen za otmicu, silovanje i ubojstvo
13:57
of a young girl walking to school.
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mlade djevojke na povratku iz škole.
13:59
He served 18 years of a death sentence.
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Služio je 18 godina kazne smrću.
14:02
I photographed him at the scene of the crime
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Fotografirala sam ga na mjestu zločina
14:04
at the Snake River in Idaho.
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u Snake Riveru, Idaho.
14:06
And I photographed all of the wrongfully convicted
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Fotografirala sam sve pogrešno osuđene
14:10
at sites that came to particular significance
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na mjestima koja su postala posebno značajna
14:15
in the history of their wrongful conviction.
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u povijesti njihovih pogrešnih osuda.
14:17
The scene of arrest, the scene of misidentification,
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Scena uhićenja, scena pogrešne identifikacije,
14:19
the alibi location.
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lokacija alibija.
14:21
And here, the scene of the crime, it's this place
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I ovdje, mjesto zločina je lokacija
14:23
to which he's never been, but changed his life forever.
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na kojoj nikada nisu bili, a koja im je zauvijek promijenila život.
14:27
So photographing there, I was hoping to highlight
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Fotografirajući tamo, htjela sam naglasiti
14:29
the tenuous relationship between truth and fiction,
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čvrstu vezu između istine i fikcije
14:32
in both his life and in photography.
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u njihovom životu, i također u fotografiji.
14:37
Calvin Washington was convicted of capital murder.
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Calvin Washington je osuđen zbog umorstva iz umišljaja.
14:40
He served 13 years of a life sentence in Waco, Texas.
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Odslužio je 13 godina kazne u Waco-u, Teksas.
14:45
Larry Mayes, I photographed at the scene of arrest,
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Larryja Mayesa sam fotografirala na mjestu uhićenja
14:48
where he hid between two mattresses in Gary, Indiana,
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gdje se sakrio među madracima u Garyju, Indiana,
14:50
in this very room to hide from the police.
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od policije, upravo u ovoj sobi.
14:54
He ended up serving 18 and a half years
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Na kraju je odslužio 18 i po godina
14:56
of an 80 year sentence for rape and robbery.
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od sveukupno 80 godina kazne za silovanje i pljačku.
14:59
The victim failed to identify Larry
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Žrtva nije uspjela identificirati Larryja
15:01
in two live lineups
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tijekom dva postrojenja,
15:03
and then made a positive identification, days later,
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ali ga je definitivno identificirala danima kasnije
15:06
from a photo array.
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iz mnoštva fotografija.
15:09
Larry Youngblood served eight years of a 10 and half year sentence
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Larry Youngblood je odslužio 8 od 10 i pol godina kazne
15:12
in Arizona for the abduction and repeated sodomizing
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u Arizoni za otmicu i opetovano sodomiziranje
15:16
of a 10 year old boy at a carnival.
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desetogodišnjaka na karnevalu.
15:19
He is photographed at his alibi location.
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Fotografiran je na mjestu svojeg alibija.
15:23
Ron Williamson. Ron was convicted of the rape and murder
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Ron Williamson. Ron je osuđen za silovanje i ubojstvo
15:27
of a barmaid at a club,
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konobarice u klubu
15:29
and served 11 years of a death sentence.
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i odlsužio je 11 godina smrtne kazne.
15:32
I photographed Ron at a baseball field
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Fotografirala sam Rona na bejzbol terenu
15:34
because he had been drafted to the Oakland A's
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zato što je unovačen u Oakland A momčad
15:36
to play professional baseball just before his conviction.
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kako bi se bavio profesionalnim bejzbolom neposredno prije osude.
15:40
And the state's key witness in Ron's case
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Ključni državni svjedok u Ronovu slučaju
15:43
was, in the end, the actual perpetrator.
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na kraju je bio sam počinitelj.
15:48
Ronald Jones served eight years of a death sentence
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Ronald Jones je odslužio 8 godina smrtne kazne
15:52
for rape and murder of a 28-year-old woman.
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za silovanje i umorstvo 28-godišnjakinje.
15:54
I photographed him at the scene of arrest in Chicago.
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Fotografirala sam ga na mjestu uhićenja u Chicagou.
15:59
William Gregory was convicted of rape and burglary.
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William Gregory je osuđen za provalu i silovanje.
16:03
He served seven years of a 70 year sentence in Kentucky.
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Odslužio je 7 od 70 godina kazne u Kentuckyju.
16:08
Timothy Durham, who I photographed at his alibi location
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Timothy Durham, kojeg sam fotografirala na lokaciji alibija,
16:11
where 11 witnesses placed him at the time of the crime,
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gdje ga je jedanaestero ljudi smjestilo za vrijeme zločina,
16:14
was convicted of 3.5 years
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osuđen je na 3.5 od
16:16
of a 3220 year sentence,
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3220 godina kazne
16:21
for several charges of rape and robbery.
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za nekoliko optužbi silovanja i pljački.
16:23
He had been misidentified by an 11-year-old victim.
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Pogrešno ga je identificirala jedanaestogodišnja žrtva.
16:28
Troy Webb is photographed here at the scene of the crime in Virginia.
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Troy Webb je fotografiran na mjestu zločina u Virginiji.
16:32
He was convicted of rape, kidnapping and robbery,
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Osuđen za silovanje, otmicu i pljačku,
16:35
and served seven years of a 47 year sentence.
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odslužio je 7 od 47 godina kazne.
16:39
Troy's picture was in a photo array
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Troyeva slika bila je među mnoštvom
16:41
that the victim tentatively had some draw toward,
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u kojem je privukla određenu pozornost žrtve,
16:43
but said he looked too old.
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premda je optuženi izgledao prestar.
16:46
The police went and found a photograph of Troy Webb
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Policija je pronašla fotografije
16:49
from four years earlier,
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četiri godine mlađeg Troya Webba
16:51
which they entered into a photo array days later,
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te ih je dan kasnije uvrstila u skup fotografija
16:54
and he was positively identified.
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iz kojeg je bio pozitivno identificiran.
16:58
Now I'm going to leave you with a self portrait.
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Sad vas ostavljam s autoportretom.
17:02
And it reiterates that distortion is a constant,
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I on ponavlja kako je distorzija konstantna,
17:06
and our eyes are easily deceived.
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i naše se oči lagano zavaraju.
17:19
That's it. Thank you.
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To je sve. Hvala.
17:21
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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