Sherwin Nuland: A meditation on hope

Prevoditelj: Davorin Jelačić Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

You know, I am so bad at tech

Znate, tako sam loš s tehnologijom

that my daughter -- who is now 41 --

da sam čuo svoju kćer – sada joj je 41 godina --

when she was five, was overheard by me

kad je imala pet godina

to say to a friend of hers,

kako kaže svom prijatelju,

If it doesn't bleed when you cut it,

Ako ne krvari kad ga zarežeš,

my daddy doesn't understand it.

moj tata to ne razumije.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So, the assignment I've been given

Pa bi zadatak koji sam dobio

may be an insuperable obstacle for me,

mogao biti nepremostiva prepreka za mene,

but I'm certainly going to try.

ali ću svakako pokušati.

What have I heard

Što sam čuo

during these last four days?

u protekla četiri dana?

This is my third visit to TED.

Ovo je moja treća posjeta TED-u.

One was to TEDMED, and one, as you've heard,

Jednom sam bio na TEDMED-u, a jednom, kao što ste čuli,

was a regular TED two years ago.

na standardnom TED događaju prije dvije godine.

I've heard what I consider an extraordinary thing

Čuo sam nešto što smatram izuzetnim,

that I've only heard a little bit in the two previous TEDs,

a o čemu sam slušao samo malo na dva prethodna TED-a,

and what that is is an interweaving

a to je preplitanje,

and an interlarding, an intermixing,

povezivanje, miješanje,

of a sense of social responsibility

osjećaja društvene odgovornosti

in so many of the talks --

s temom tolikih govora --

global responsibility, in fact,

globalnom odgovornosti, zapravo,

appealing to enlightened self-interest,

koja upućuje poziv prosvijetljenom osobnom interesu,

but it goes far beyond enlightened self-interest.

ali i daleko nadmašuje prosvijetljeni osobni interes.

One of the most impressive things

Jedna od najimpresivnijih stvari

about what some, perhaps 10,

o kojoj je više, možda 10,

of the speakers have been talking about

govornika pričalo

is the realization, as you listen to them carefully, that they're not saying:

je shvaćanje, kada ih pažljivo slušate, da oni ne kažu:

Well, this is what we should do; this is what I would like you to do.

Evo što bismo trebali učiniti; ovo je ono što bih želio da učinite.

It's: This is what I have done

Nego: evo što sam ja učinio

because I'm excited by it,

jer je to uzbudljivo,

because it's a wonderful thing, and it's done something for me

jer je to divna stvar, jer sam time nešto dobio

and, of course, it's accomplished a great deal.

i, naravno, postigao sam time mnogo.

It's the old concept, the real Greek concept,

Stari je to koncept, pravi grčki koncept,

of philanthropy in its original sense:

filantropije u izvornom obliku:

phil-anthropy, the love of humankind.

philan-thropia: ljubav za čovječanstvo.

And the only explanation I can have

I jedino objašnjenje koje mogu dati

for some of what you've been hearing in the last four days

za to što ste slušali u protekla četiri dana

is that it arises, in fact, out of a form of love.

je da to dolazi iz nekog oblika ljubavi.

And this gives me enormous hope.

A to mi pruža silnu nadu.

And hope, of course, is the topic

A nada je, naravno, tema

that I'm supposed to be speaking about,

o kojoj bih trebao govoriti,

which I'd completely forgotten about until I arrived.

a koju sam posve zaboravio prije nego što sam stigao.

And when I did, I thought,

A zatim sam pomislio,

well, I'd better look this word up in the dictionary.

pa, bilo bi bolje da potražim tu riječ u rječniku.

So, Sarah and I -- my wife -- walked over to the public library,

Pa smo Sarah i ja – moja supruga – prošetali do javne knjižnice

which is four blocks away, on Pacific Street, and we got the OED,

koja je četiri ulice daleko, u ulici Pacific Street, i uzeli smo Oxfordov rječnik,

and we looked in there, and there are 14 definitions of hope,

zavirili u njega i pronašli 14 definicija za nadu,

none of which really hits you

ali vas se nijedna ne dojmi

between the eyes as being the appropriate one.

kao prikladna.

And, of course, that makes sense,

Naravno, to ima smisla,

because hope is an abstract phenomenon; it's an abstract idea,

jer je nada apstraktan fenomen; ona je apstraktna ideja,

it's not a concrete word.

a ne konkretna riječ.

Well, it reminds me a little bit of surgery.

Podsjeća me malo na kirurgiju.

If there's one operation for a disease, you know it works.

Ako postoji jedna operacija za neku bolest, znate da to djeluje.

If there are 15 operations, you know that none of them work.

Ako imate 15 operacija, znate da nijedna ne djeluje.

And that's the way it is with definitions of words.

A tako je i s definicijama riječi.

If you have appendicitis, they take your appendix out, and you're cured.

Ako imate upalu slijepog crijeva, izvadite slijepo crijevo i izliječeni ste.

If you've got reflux oesophagitis, there are 15 procedures,

No ako imate reflux oesophagitis, postoji 15 postupaka,

and Joe Schmo does it one way

i Joe Schmo to radi na jedan način,

and Will Blow does it another way,

Will Blow na drugi,

and none of them work, and that's the way it is with this word, hope.

i nijedan ne djeluje, a tako je i s riječju nada.

They all come down to the idea of an expectation

Sve se svode na očekivanje

of something good that is due to happen.

nečega dobroga što se treba dogoditi.

And you know what I found out?

A znate što sam ja otkrio?

The Indo-European root of the word hope

Indoeuropski korijen riječi nada

is a stem, K-E-U --

je osnova, K-E-U --

we would spell it K-E-U; it's pronounced koy --

mi bismo je pisali kao K-E-U; a izgovara se koj --

and it is the same root from which the word curve comes from.

i to je isti korijen iz kojeg je nastala i riječ krivulja.

But what it means in the original Indo-European

No, ono što to na izvornom indoeuropskom znači je

is a change in direction, going in a different way.

promjena smjera, kretanje u različitom smjeru.

And I find that very interesting and very provocative,

I meni je to vrlo zanimljivo i provokativno,

because what you've been hearing in the last couple of days

jer je ono što ste slušali posljednjih dana

is the sense of going in different directions:

na određeni način pokret u drugim smjerovima:

directions that are specific and unique to problems.

pravcima koji su konkretni i jedinstveni za određeni problem.

There are different paradigms.

Postoje različite paradigme.

You've heard that word several times in the last four days,

Nekoliko puta ste čuli tu riječ u zadnja četiri dana,

and everyone's familiar with Kuhnian paradigms.

i svi ste upoznati s Kuhnovskim paradigmama.

So, when we think of hope now,

Pa kad sad razmišljamo o nadi,

we have to think of looking in other directions

moramo razmišljati o gledanju u smjerovima

than we have been looking.

drugačijim od onih u koje smo gledali.

There's another -- not definition, but description, of hope

Postoji još jedna – ne definicija, već opis nade

that has always appealed to me, and it was one by Václav Havel

koji mi se uvijek sviđao, od Václava Havela

in his perfectly spectacular book "Breaking the Peace,"

u njegovoj savršeno spektakularnoj knjizi "Slamanje mira"

in which he says that hope

u kojoj on kaže da se nada

does not consist of the expectation that things will

ne sastoji od očekivanja da će stvari

come out exactly right,

ispasti baš kako treba,

but the expectation that they will make sense

već od očekivanja da će imati smisla

regardless of how they come out.

bez obzira na to kako ispadnu.

I can't tell you how reassured I was

Ne mogu vam opisati koliko sam ohrabren bio

by the very last sentence

posljednjom rečenicom

in that glorious presentation by Dean Kamen a few days ago.

u sjajnoj prezentaciji Deana Kamena otprije nekoliko dana.

I wasn't sure I heard it right,

Nisam bio siguran da sam dobro čuo,

so I found him in one of the inter-sessions.

pa sam ga potražio u jednoj od pauza.

He was talking to a very large man, but I didn't care.

Pričao je s vrlo krupnim čovjekom, ali nisam mario.

I interrupted, and I said, "Did you say this?"

Prekinuo sam i upitao: "Jeste li to rekli?"

He said, "I think so."

On je rekao: "Mislim da jesam."

So, here's what it is: I'll repeat it.

Pa, evo što je rekao: ponovit ću.

"The world will not be saved by the Internet."

"Internet neće spasiti svijet."

It's wonderful. Do you know what the world will be saved by?

To je prekrasno. Znate li što će spasiti svijet?

I'll tell you. It'll be saved by the human spirit.

Reći ću vam. Svijet će spasiti ljudski duh.

And by the human spirit, I don't mean anything divine,

A pod ljudskim duhom ne mislim ništa božanski,

I don't mean anything supernatural --

ne mislim ništa nadnaravno --

certainly not coming from this skeptic.

svakako ne od ovog skeptika.

What I mean is this ability

Mislim na sposobnost

that each of us has

koju ima svatko od nas

to be something greater than herself or himself;

a to je da bude nešto veće od sebe;

to arise out of our ordinary selves and achieve something

da se izdigne iznad svog običnog ja i postigne nešto

that at the beginning we thought perhaps we were not capable of.

što smo na početku mislili da nismo u stanju.

On an elemental level, we have all felt

Na elementarnoj razini, svi smo osjetili

that spirituality at the time of childbirth.

tu duhovnost u vrijeme rođenja.

Some of you have felt it in laboratories;

Neki među vama su je osjetili u laboratorijima;

some of you have felt it at the workbench.

neki su je osjetili na radnoj klupi.

We feel it at concerts.

Osjećamo je na koncertima.

I've felt it in the operating room, at the bedside.

Osjetio sam je u operacijskoj dvorani, uz postelju.

It is an elevation of us beyond ourselves.

Ona je rast iznad nas samih.

And I think that it's going to be, in time,

I mislim kako će to biti, s vremenom,

the elements of the human spirit that we've been hearing about

elementi ljudskog duha o kojima smo slušali

bit by bit by bit from so many of the speakers in the last few days.

dio po dio po dio od toliko govornika posljednjih dana.

And if there's anything that has permeated this room,

I ako je išta natopilo ovu prostoriju,

it is precisely that.

onda je to baš to.

I'm intrigued by

Intrigira me

a concept that was brought to life

koncept kojega je stvorio

in the early part of the 19th century --

rano u 19. stoljeću --

actually, in the second decade of the 19th century --

zapravo, u drugom desetljeću 19. stoljeća --

by a 27-year-old poet

27-godišnji pjesnik

whose name was Percy Shelley.

po imenu Percy Shelley.

Now, we all think that Shelley

Sad, svi smatramo da je Shelley

obviously is the great romantic poet that he was;

veliki romantični pjesnik što on i jest;

many of us tend to forget that he wrote

mnogi su skloni zaboraviti da je napisao

some perfectly wonderful essays, too,

i neke savršeno divne eseje,

and the most well-remembered essay

a najpoznatiji esej

is one called "A Defence of Poetry."

je "Obrana poezije".

Now, it's about five, six, seven, eight pages long,

On je nekih pet, šest, sedam, osam stranica dug,

and it gets kind of deep and difficult after about the third page,

i postaje nekako dubok i težak nakon treće stranice,

but somewhere on the second page

ali negdje na drugoj stranici

he begins talking about the notion

on počinje pričati o ideji

that he calls "moral imagination."

koju naziva "moralna mašta".

And here's what he says, roughly translated:

I evo što kaže, u grubom prijevodu:

A man -- generic man --

Čovjek – obični čovjek --

a man, to be greatly good,

čovjek da bi bio velik u dobroti,

must imagine clearly.

mora jasno zamišljati.

He must see himself and the world

Mora vidjeti sebe i svijet

through the eyes of another,

kroz oči drugoga,

and of many others.

kroz oči mnogih drugih.

See himself and the world -- not just the world, but see himself.

Vidjeti sebe i svijet – ne samo svijet, već i sebe.

What is it that is expected of us

Što to od nas očekuju

by the billions of people

milijarde ljudi

who live in what Laurie Garrett the other day

koji žive u onome što je Laurie Garrett neki dan

so appropriately called

tako prikladno nazvala

despair and disparity?

očaj i nejednakost?

What is it that they have every right

Što je to što imaju svako pravo

to ask of us?

zahtijevati od nas?

What is it that we have every right to ask of ourselves,

Što je to što mi imamo svako pravo tražiti od sebe,

out of our shared humanity and out of the human spirit?

zbog zajedničke ljudskosti i zbog ljudskoga duha?

Well, you know precisely what it is.

Pa, znate točno što je to.

There's a great deal of argument

Vode se velike rasprave

about whether we, as the great nation that we are,

o tome da li mi, kao velika nacija kakva jesmo,

should be the policeman of the world,

trebamo biti svjetski policajac,

the world's constabulary,

redarstvenik svijeta,

but there should be virtually no argument

ali praktički ne bi trebalo biti nikakve rasprave

about whether we should be the world's healer.

o tome trebamo li biti iscjelitelji svijeta.

There has certainly been no argument about that

O tome se svakako nije prepiralo

in this room in the past four days.

u ovoj sali u protekla četiri dana.

So, if we are to be the world's healer,

Dakle, ako ćemo biti svjetski iscjelitelj,

every disadvantaged person in this world --

svaka ugrožena osoba na svijetu --

including in the United States -- becomes our patient.

uključujući one u Sjedinjenim Državama – postaje naš pacijent.

Every disadvantaged nation, and perhaps our own nation,

Svaka ugrožena nacija, možda i naša vlastita,

becomes our patient.

postaje naš pacijent.

So, it's fun to think about the etymology of the word "patient."

Pa je zabavno razmišljati o etimologiji riječi "pacijent".

It comes initially from the Latin patior, to endure, or to suffer.

Izvorno dolazi od latinskog patior, izdržati, ili trpjeti.

So, you go back to the old Indo-European root again,

Pa se vratite opet do indoeuropskih korijena,

and what do you find? The Indo-European stem is pronounced payen --

i otkrijete da se indoeuropska osnova kaže pejen --

we would spell it P-A-E-N -- and, lo and behold, mirabile dictu,

napisali bismo to P-A-E-N -- i, mirabili dictu,

it is the same root as the word compassion comes from, P-A-E-N.

korijen je isti kao kod riječi suosjećanje, P-A-E-N.

So, the lesson is very clear. The lesson is that our patient --

Lekcija je vrlo jasna. Ona kaže da naš pacijent --

the world, and the disadvantaged of the world --

svijet, i ugroženi u svijetu --

that patient deserves our compassion.

ti pacijenti zaslužuju naše suosjećanje.

But beyond our compassion, and far greater than compassion,

Ali i više od suosjećanja, puno više od suosjećanja

is our moral imagination

je naša moralna mašta

and our identification with each individual

i naše identificiranje sa svakim pojedincem

who lives in that world,

koji živi u tom svijetu,

not to think of them as a huge forest,

kako ne bismo o njima mislili kao o ogromnoj šumi,

but as individual trees.

nego kao o zasebnom drveću.

Of course, in this day and age, the trick is not to let each tree

Naravno, u naše doba trik je ne dopustiti da svako drvo

be obscured by that Bush in Washington that can get --

bude zaklonjeno tim Bushem (bush = grm) u Washingtonu koji --

can get in the way.

se može naći između.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So, here we are.

Evo tu smo.

We are, should be,

Mi smo, trebali bismo biti,

morally committed to

moralno predani tome

being the healer of the world.

da budemo iscjelitelji svijeta.

And we have had examples over and over and over again --

A čuli smo primjere, i opet, i opet --

you've just heard one in the last 15 minutes --

čuli ste jedan u zadnjih 15 minuta --

of people who have not only had that commitment,

o ljudima koji nisu samo bili predani,

but had the charisma, the brilliance --

već imaju karizmu i briljantni su --

and I think in this room it's easy to use the word brilliant, my God --

a u ovoj prostoriji mislim da je lako koristiti riječ briljantan, zaboga --

the brilliance to succeed at least at the beginning

briljantnost da uspiju barem na početku

of their quest,

njihove potrage,

and who no doubt will continue to succeed,

i koji će nedvojbeno nastaviti uspijevati,

as long as more and more of us enlist ourselves in their cause.

sve dok se sve više i više nas ne pridruži njihovom cilju.

Now, if we're talking

Sad, ako govorimo

about medicine,

o medicini,

and we're talking about healing,

a govorimo o liječenju,

I'd like to quote someone who hasn't been quoted.

volio bih citirati nekoga koga još nismo citirali.

It seems to me everybody in the world's been quoted here:

Čini mi se da smo svakoga na svijetu ovdje citirali:

Pogo's been quoted;

Citirali smo Pogoa;

Shakespeare's been quoted backwards, forwards, inside out.

Shakespearea smo citirali naprijed, nazad i naopačke.

I would like to quote one of my own household gods.

Volio bih citirati jednoga od mojih kućnih bogova.

I suspect he never really said this,

Pretpostavljam da nikada ovo nije stvarno rekao,

because we don't know what Hippocrates really said,

jer ne znamo što je Hipokrat zaista rekao,

but we do know for sure that one of the great Greek physicians

ali znamo sigurno da je jedan od velikih grčkih liječnika

said the following,

rekao sljedeće,

and it has been recorded in one of the books attributed to Hippocrates,

a to je zabilježeno u jednoj od knjiga pripisanih Hipokratu,

and the book is called "Precepts."

knjizi pod nazivom "Pravila".

And I'll read you what it is.

Pročitat ću vam što je to.

Remember, I have been talking about,

Sjetite se, u suštini,

essentially philanthropy:

govorio sam o filantropiji:

the love of humankind, the individual humankind

ljubavi za čovječanstvo, za pojedine ljude

and the individual humankind

a to je ono

that can bring that kind of love

što može donijeti ljubav

translated into action,

koja se pretvara u djelovanje,

translated, in some cases, into enlightened self-interest.

koja prelazi, ponekad, u prosvijetljeni osobni interes.

And here he is, 2,400 years ago:

Evo citata, otprije 2400 godina:

"Where there is love of humankind,

"Gdje postoji ljubav za čovječanstvo,

there is love of healing."

postoji i ljubav za liječenje."

We have seen that here today

Vidjeli smo to danas ovdje

with the sense,

s osjećajem,

with the sensitivity --

s osjećajnošću --

and in the last three days,

kao i u posljednja tri dana,

and with the power of the indomitable human spirit.

i sa snagom nepokorivog ljudskog duha.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam mnogo.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)