A bold plan to empower 1.6 million out-of-school girls in India | Safeena Husain

Prevoditelj: Martina Peraic Recezent: Sanda L

The world today has many problems.

Svijet danas ima mnogo problema.

And they're all very complicated and interconnected and difficult.

I svi su vrlo komplicirani, međusobno povezani i zamršeni.

But there is something we can do.

Ali možemo nešto učiniti.

I believe

Vjerujem

that girls' education is the closest thing we have to a silver bullet

da je obrazovanje djevojčica najdostupnija stvar koju imamo kao učinkovito oružje

to help solve some of the world's most difficult problems.

da nam pomogne riješiti neke od najtežih svjetskih problema.

But you don't have to take my word for it.

Ali ne morate mi vjerovati na riječ.

The World Bank says

Svjetska banka kaže

that girls' education is one of the best investments

da je obrazovanje djevojčica jedno od najboljih ulaganja

that a country can make.

koje država može poduzeti.

It helps to positively impact

Pozitivno utječe

nine of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.

na devet od 17 ciljeva održivog razvoja.

Everything from health, nutrition, employment --

Sva područja, od zdravlja, prehrane, zapošljavanja --

all of these are positively impacted when girls are educated.

sve to doživi pozitivan učinak kada se djevojčice obrazuju.

Additionally, climate scientists have recently rated girls' education

Dodatno, istraživači klime nedavno su rangirali obrazovanje djevojčica

at number six out of 80 actions to reverse global warming.

na šesto mjesto od 80 poteza za zaustavljanje globalnog zatopljenja.

At number six, it's rated higher than solar panels and electric cars.

Šestim mjestom rangirano je više nego solarne ploče i električni auti.

And that's because when girls are educated,

To je zbog toga, kada se djevojčice obrazuju,

they have smaller families,

imaju manje obitelji,

and the resulting reduction in population

a posljedično smanjenje populacije

reduces carbon emissions significantly.

značajno smanjuje ugljične emisije.

But more than that, you know, it's a problem we have to solve once.

Ali i više od toga, znate, to je problem koji moramo riješiti samo jednom.

Because an educated mother is more than twice as likely

Jer dvostruko je vjerojatnije da će obrazovana majka

to educate her children.

obrazovati svoju djecu.

Which means that by doing it once,

Što znači, ako to učinimo jednom,

we can close the gender and literacy gap forever.

možemo iskorijeniti nepravnopravnosti roda i pismenosti zauvijek.

I work in India,

Radim u Indiji,

which has made incredible progress

koja je ostvarila nevjerojatan napredak

in bringing elementary education for all.

u činjenju osnovnog obrazovanja dostupnim svima.

However, we still have four million out-of-school girls,

Međutim, i dalje imamo 4 milijuna djevojčica koje ne idu u školu,

one of the highest in the world.

jedan od najvećih brojeva na svijetu.

And girls are out of school because of, obviously poverty,

Djevojke ne idu u školu zbog, očito, siromaštva,

social, cultural factors.

društvenih, kulturalnih čimbenika.

But there's also this underlying factor of mindset.

Ali postoji i sveobuhvatni čimbenik stanja uma.

I have met a girl whose name was Naraaz Nath.

Upoznala sam djevojku Naraaz Nath.

Naaraaz means angry.

Naaraaz znači "ljuta".

And when I asked her, "Why is your name 'angry'?"

Kad sam je pitala, "Zašto se zoveš 'ljuta'?"

she said, "Because everybody was so angry when a girl was born."

rekla je, "Zato što su svi bili tako ljuti jer se rodila djevojčica."

Another girl called Antim Bala,

Druga djevojka, Antim Bala,

which means the last girl.

znači "posljednja djevojčica".

Because everybody hoped that would be the last girl to be born.

Jer su se svi nadali da će to biti posljednja djevojčica koja će se roditi.

A girl called Aachuki.

Djevojka Aachuki.

It means somebody who has arrived.

To znači netko tko je stigao.

Not wanted, but arrived.

Nije bio željen, nego je stigao.

And it is this mindset

To je taj mentalni sklop

that keeps girls from school or completing their education.

koji brani djevojkama školu ili dovršenje obrazovanja.

It's this belief that a goat is an asset

To je vjerovanje da je koza vrijednost

and a girl is a liability.

a djevojčica je teret.

My organization Educate Girls works to change this.

Moja organizacija Educate Girls (Obrazujmo djevojke) radi na promjeni toga.

And we work in some of the most difficult, rural,

I radimo u nekima od najtežih, seoskih,

remote and tribal villages.

najudaljenijih plemenskih zajednica.

And how do we do it?

Kako mi to radimo?

We first and foremost find

Prije svega pronađemo

young, passionate, educated youth from the same villages.

mlade, strastvene, obrazovane mlade iz istih tih sela.

Both men and women.

I ženske i muške.

And we call them Team Balika,

Nazovemo ih tim Balika,

balika just means the girl child,

balika znači žensko dijete,

so this is a team that we are creating for the girl child.

dakle ovaj tim sastavljamo za žensko dijete.

And so once we recruit our community volunteers,

Kada sastavimo tim volontera u zajednici,

we train them, we mentor them, we hand-hold them.

obučimo ih, dajemo im mentorstvo, pažljivo ih pratimo u radu.

That's when our work starts.

Tada započinje naš posao.

And the first piece we do is about identifying every single girl

Prvi korak je identificiranje svake djevojčice

who's not going to school.

koja ne ide u školu.

But the way we do it is a little different and high-tech,

Način na koji to radimo je malo drugačiji i tehnički napredniji,

at least in my view.

barem ja tako mislim.

Each of our frontline staff have a smartphone.

Svaki pripadnik našeg osoblja na terenu ima telefon.

It has its own Educate Girls app.

Telefon ima aplikaciju Educate Girls.

And this app has everything that our team needs.

Ova aplikacija sadrži sve što je potrebno našem timu.

It has digital maps of where they're going to be conducting the survey,

Ima digitalne karte područja kamo odlaze provoditi anketu,

it has the survey in it, all the questions,

Ima anketu sa svim pitanjima,

little guides on how best to conduct the survey,

kratke upute kako najbolje provoditi anketu,

so that the data that comes to us is in real time and is of good quality.

kako bi podaci došli k nama u realnom vremenu i bili visoke kvalitete.

So armed with this,

Tako opremljeni,

our teams and our volunteers go door-to-door

naši timovi i volonteri idu od vrata do vrata

to every single household to find every single girl

u svako domaćinstvo kako bi pronašli svaku djevojčicu

who may either we never enrolled or dropped out of school.

koja se ili nikada nije upisala u školu ili se jednom ispisala iz škole.

And because we have this data and technology piece,

Budući da imamo te podatke i tehnologiju,

very quickly we can figure out who the girls are and where they are.

vrlo brzo možemo saznati tko su te djevojčice i gdje se nalaze.

Because each of our villages are geotagged,

Svako od sela je geolocirano

and we can actually build that information out

i zapravo možemo skupiti te podatke

very, very quickly.

vrlo, vrlo brzo.

And so once we know where the girls are,

I jednom kad saznamo gdje su djevojčice,

we actually start the process of bringing them back into school.

zapravo počnemo s procesom vraćanja u školu.

And that actually is just our community mobilization process,

A to je naš proces mobilizacije zajednice,

it starts with village meetings, neighborhood meetings,

počinje sa seoskim sastancima, susjedskim sastancima,

and as you see, individual counseling of parents and families,

i, vidite, pojedinačnim savjetovanjem roditelja i obitelji,

to be able to bring the girls back into school.

kako bismo mogli vratiti djevojčice u školu.

And this can take anything from a few weeks to a few months.

Ovo može potrajati od nekoliko tjedana do nekoliko mjeseci.

And once we bring the girls into the school system,

Jednom kada vratimo djevojčice u sustav školovanja,

we also work with the schools

također radimo sa školama

to make sure that schools have all the basic infrastructure

da osiguramo da škole imaju osnovnu infrastrukturu

so that the girls will be able to stay.

kako bi djevojčice mogle i ostati.

And this would include a separate toilet for girls,

To uključuje odvojeni toalet za djevojčice,

drinking water,

pitku vodu,

things that will help them to be retained.

stvari koje će im pomoći da se zadrže.

But all of this would be useless if our children weren't learning.

Ali sve bi to bilo beskorisno ako naša djeca ne uče.

So we actually run a learning program.

Tako da imamo i program učenja.

And this is a supplementary learning program,

Ovo je dodatan program učenja,

and it's very, very important,

i vrlo je, vrlo važan,

because most of our children are first-generation learners.

jer mnoga naša djeca su prvi naraštaj učenika.

That means there's nobody at home to help them with homework,

To znači da im nitko kod kuće ne može pomoći s domaćom zadaćom,

there's nobody who can support their education.

nema nikoga tko bi bio podrška njihovom obrazovanju.

Their parents can't read and write.

Njihovi roditelji ne znaju čitati ni pisati.

So it's really, really key

Pa je doista ključno

that we do the support of the learning in the classrooms.

da mi provodimo podršku učenju u učionicama.

So this is essentially our model,

U osnovi to je naš model

in terms of finding, bringing the girls in,

u smislu nalaženja, dovođenja djevojčica,

making sure that they're staying and learning.

osiguravanja da ostaju u školi i uče.

And we know that our model works.

I znamo da naš model djeluje.

And we know this because

To znamo zato što

a most recent randomized control evaluation

nedavno proizvoljno kontrolno vrednovanje

confirms its efficacy.

potvrđuje učinkovitost tog modela.

Our evaluator found that over a three-year period

Naš vrednovatelj otkrio je da je u trogodišnjem razdoblju

Educate Girls was able to bring back 92 percent of all out-of-school girls

Educate Girls uspio vratiti 92 posto djevojčica koje nisu išle u školu

back into school.

natrag u školu.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

And in terms of learning,

Kada je u pitanju učenje,

our children's learning went up significantly

učenje naše djece značajno je poraslo

as compared to control schools.

u usporedbi s kontrolnim školama.

So much so, that it was like an additional year of schooling

Toliko je poraslo, da se može mjeriti s dodatnom godinom školovanja

for the average student.

kod prosječnog učenika.

And that's enormous,

To je ogromno,

when you think about a tribal child who's entering the school system

ako pomislite na plemensko dijete koje ulazi u obrazovni sustav

for the first time.

prvi put.

So here we have a model that works;

Dakle, imamo model koji djeluje,

we know it's scalable,

znamo da je prilagodljiv na većim uzorcima,

because we are already functioning at 13,000 villages.

jer mi već funkcioniramo u 13 tisuća sela.

We know it's smart,

Znamo da je pametan,

because of the use of data and technology.

zbog upotrebe podataka i tehnologije.

We know that it's sustainable and systemic,

Znamo da je održiv i sustavan,

because we work in partnership with the community,

jer radimo u suradnji sa zajednicom,

it's actually led by the community.

zapravo ga vodi sama zajednica.

And we work in partnership with the government,

I radimo u suradnji s vladom,

so there's no creation of a parallel delivery system.

kako ne bi došlo do stvaranja usporednog sustava obrazovanja.

And so because we have this innovative partnership

Zbog toga što imamo ovu inovativnu suradnju

with the community, the government, this smart model,

sa zajednicom, vladom, ovaj pametan model,

we have this big, audacious dream today.

danas imamo ovaj veliki, odvažni san.

And that is to solve a full 40 percent of the problem

To je da riješimo punih 40 posto problema

of out-of-school girls in India in the next five years.

djevojčica koje ne pohađaju školu u Indiji u sljedećih pet godina.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

And you're thinking, that's a little ...

Mislite, to je malo...

You know, how am I even thinking about doing that,

Znate, kako to da uopće razmišljam o tome,

because India is not a small place, it's a huge country.

jer Indija nije malo mjesto, to je ogromna zemlja.

It's a country of over a billion people.

To je zemlja od preko milijardu stanovnika.

We have 650,000 villages.

Imamo 650 tisuća sela.

How is it that I'm standing here,

Kako to da sad stojim ovdje,

saying that one small organization

govoreći kako će jedna mala organizacija

is going to solve a full 40 percent of the problem?

riješiti punih 40 posto problema?

And that's because we have a key insight.

Zato što imamo ključni uvid.

And that is,

A to je,

because of our entire approach, with data and with technology,

radi našeg obuhvatnog pristupa, s podacima i tehnologijom,

that five percent of villages in India

tih 5 posto sela u Indiji

have 40 percent of the out-of-school girls.

imaju 40 posto djevojčica izvan škole.

And this is a big, big piece of the puzzle.

I to je vrlo veliki dio slagalice.

Which means, I don't have to work across the entire country.

Što znači da ne moram raditi po cijeloj zemlji.

I have to work in those five percent of the villages,

Moram raditi u tih pet posto sela,

about 35,000 villages,

oko 35 tisuća sela,

to actually be able to solve a large piece of the problem.

kako bih bila u mogućnosti riješiti velik dio problema.

And that's really key,

I to je doista ključno,

because these villages

jer ova sela

not only have high burden of out-of-school girls,

ne samo da imaju veliki teret djevojčica izvan škole,

but also a lot of related indicators, right,

nego i mnoge povezane pokazatelje,

like malnutrition, stunting, poverty, infant mortality,

poput pothranjenosti, ometanog razvoja, siromaštva, smrtnosti novorođenčadi,

child marriage.

dječjih brakova.

So by working and focusing here,

Dakle radeći i fokusirajući se ovdje,

you can actually create a large multiplier effect

možete stvoriti velik umnožavajući učinak

across all of these indicators.

unutar svih ovih pokazatelja.

And it would mean

To bi značilo

that we would be able to bring back 1.6 million girls back into school.

da bismo mogli vratiti 1,6 milijuna djevojčica u školu.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

I have to say, I have been doing this for over a decade,

Moram reći, radim ovo više od desetljeća,

and I have never met a girl who said to me,

i nikada nisam srela djevojčicu koja bi mi rekla,

you know, "I want to stay at home,"

znate, "Ja želim ostati kod kuće",

"I want to graze the cattle,"

"Želim voditi stoku na pašu",

"I want to look after the siblings,"

"Želim se brinuti o braći i sestrama",

"I want to be a child bride."

"Želim biti dječja mladenka".

Every single girl I meet wants to go to school.

Svaka djevojčica koju sam susrela želi ići u školu.

And that's what we really want to do.

I to stvarno želimo učiniti.

We want to be able to fulfill those 1.6 million dreams.

Želimo moći ispuniti tih 1,6 milijuna snova.

And it doesn't take much.

A nije potrebno mnogo.

To find and enroll a girl with our model is about 20 dollars.

Pronaći i upisati djevojčicu našim modelom košta oko 20 dolara.

To make sure that she is learning and providing a learning program,

Kako bismo osigurali da uči i da joj omogućimo program učenja,

it's another 40 dollars.

to je dodatnih 40 dolara.

But today is the time to do it.

Ali danas je vrijeme da to učinimo.

Because she is truly the biggest asset we have.

Jer ona je doista najveća vrijednost koju imamo.

I am Safeena Husain, and I educate girls.

Ja sam Safeena Husain, i ja podučavam djevojčice.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)