Natalie Jeremijenko: Let's teach fish to text! and other outlandish ideas

Prevoditelj: Ivan Stamenković Recezent: Senzos Osijek

I was informed by this kind of

Informirana sam ovom

unoriginal and trite idea

neoriginalnom i trivijalnom idejom

that new technologies were an opportunity

da su nove tehnologije prilika

for social transformation,

za društvenu transformaciju,

which is what drove me then,

što me pokretalo onda,

and still, it's a delusion that drives me now.

i još uvijek, to je zabluda koja me pokreće sada.

I wanted to update what I've been doing since then --

Htjela sam ažurirati ono što sam radila od tada --

but it's still the same theme song --

ali i dalje je to ista pjesma --

and introduce you to my lab and current work,

i predstavljam vam svoj laboratorij i rad,

which is the Environmental Health Clinic

koji je Klinika za zdravlje okoliša

that I run at NYU.

koju vodim na Sveučilištu u New Yorku.

And what it is -- it's a twist on health.

I ono što to jest - to je drugi pogled na zdravlje.

Because, really, what I'm trying to do now

Jer, ono što pokušavam raditi sada

is redefine what counts as health.

je redefinirati što je to zdravlje.

It's a clinic like a health clinic at any other university,

To je klinika kao zdravstvena klinika na bilo kojem sveučilištu,

except people come to the clinic

osim što ljudi dolaze na kliniku

with environmental health concerns,

sa problemima vezanim uz okoliš,

and they walk out with prescriptions

i odlaze s receptima

for things they can do to improve environmental health,

za stvari koje mogu raditi da bi poboljšali zdravlje okoliša,

as opposed to coming to a clinic with medical concerns

nasuprot dolasku u kliniku sa zdravstvenim problemima

and walking out with prescriptions for pharmaceuticals.

i izlaskom sa receptima za lijekove.

It's a handy-dandy quote from Hippocrates of the Hippocratic oath

To je zgodan citat Hipokrita iz Hipokritove zakletve

that says, "The greater part of the soul lays outside the body,

koji kaže, "Veći dio duše leži izvan tijela,

treatment of the inner requires treatment of the outer."

tretiranje vanjštine traži tretiranje nutrine."

But that suggests the issue

Ali to predlaže problem

that I'm trying to get at here,

kojim se želim pozabaviti,

that we have an opportunity to redefine what is health.

da imamo priliku redefinirati što je zdravlje.

Because this idea that health is internal

Jer ta ideja da je zdravlje nutarnje

and atomized and individual

i atomizirano i individualno

and pharmaceutical

i farmaceutsko

is largely an error.

je većinom pogreška.

And I would use this study,

I koristila bih ovu studiju,

a recent study by Philip Landrigan,

nedavnu studiju Philipa Landrigana,

to motivate a different view of health,

da motiviram drugačiji pogled na zdravlje,

where he went to most of the pediatricians in Manhattan

gdje je on otišao do većine pedijatara na Manhattanu

and the New York area

i u područje New Yorka

and logged what they spent their patient hours on.

i pratio na što troše vrijeme s pacijentima.

80 to 90 percent of their time

80 do 90 posto vremena

was spent on five things.

trošili su na pet stvari.

Number one was asthma,

Prva stvar je astma,

number two was developmental delays,

druga je problemi u razvoju,

number three was 400-fold increases

treća je 400struko povećanje

in rare childhood cancers

u rijetkim dječjim oblicima raka

in the last eight to 10, 15 years.

u zadnjih osam do 10,15 godina.

Number four and five were childhood obesity

Broj četiri i pet bili su dječja pretilost

and diabetes-related issues.

i problemi vezani uz dijabetes.

So all of those -- what's common about all of those?

Dakle, svi oni -- što im je zajedničko?

The environment is implicated, radically implicated, right.

Okoliš je impliciran, radikalno, zar ne?

This is not the germs

To nisu bacili

that medicos were trained to deal with;

s kojima smo trenirani boriti se,

this is a different definition of health,

ovo je druga definicija zdravlja,

health that has a great advantage

zdravlja koje ima veliku prednost

because it's external, it's shared,

jer je vanjsko, dijeljeno,

we can do something about it,

možemo nešto učiniti u vezi s tim,

as opposed to internal, genetically predetermined

nasuprot internim, genetski predodređenim

or individualized.

ili individualiziranim.

People who come to the clinic are called, not patients,

Ljudi koji dođu u kliniku ne zovu se pacijenti

but impatients,

već impacijenti,

because they're too impatient to wait for legislative change

jer su previše nestrpljivi (impatient) da čekaju promjenu zakona

to address local and environmental health issues.

koji će se pozabaviti utjecajem okoliša na zdravlje.

And I meet them at the University, I also have a few field offices

I susrećem se s njima na sveučilištu, uz nekoliko ureda na terenu

that I set up in various places

koje postavljam na različitim mjestima

that provide an immersion

koji predstavljaju imerziju

in some of the environmental challenges we face.

u neke od izazova s kojima se susrećemo.

I like this one from the Belgian field office,

Sviđa mi se ovaj iz ureda u Belgiji,

where we met in a roundabout,

gdje smo se susreli na kružnom toku,

precisely because the roundabout iconified

jer je kružni tok predstavljao

the headless social movement

obezglavljeni društveni pokret

that informs much social transformation,

koji informira društvenu transformaciju

as opposed to the top-down control

naprotiv kontrole s vrha

of red light traffic intersections.

crvenih svjetala raskrižja.

In this case, of course, the roundabout

U ovom slučaju naravno, kružni tok

with that micro-decisions being made in situ

sa tom mikro odlukom napravljenom na licu mjesta

by people not being told what to do.

od strane ljudi kojima nije rečeno što da čine.

But, of course, affords greater throughput,

Ali naravno, omogućuje veći protok,

fewer accidents,

manje nezgoda,

and an interesting model of social movement.

i zanimljiv model društvenog pokreta.

Some of the things that the monitoring protocols have developed:

Neke od stvari koje su protokoli nadziranja razvili:

this is the tadpole bureaucrat protocol,

ovo je birokratski protokol punoglavca,

or keeping tabs, if you will.

ili praćenje, ako tako želite.

What they are is an addition of tadpoles

To je dodavanje punoglavaca

that are named after a local bureaucrat

s imenima lokalnih birokrata

whose decisions affect your water quality.

čije odluke utječu na kvalitetu vode.

So an impatient concerned for water quality

Dakle, impacijent zabrinut za kvalitetu vode

would raise a tadpole bureaucrat

uzgojio bi punoglavca birokrata

in a sample of water in which they're interested.

u uzorku vode koji ih brine.

And we give them a couple of things to do that,

I dajemo im nekoliko stvari da to naprave,

to help them do companion animal devices

kako bi im pomogli da naprave prateće životinjske uređaje

while they're blogging and doing their email.

dok pišu i šalju mailove.

This is a tadpole walker

Ovo je šetač punoglavaca

to take your tadpole walking in the evening.

za šetanje punoglavca svake večeri.

And the interesting thing that happens --

I zanimljiva stvar koja se dogodi --

because we're using tadpoles, of course,

jer koristimo punoglavce, naravno,

because they have the most exquisite biosenses that we have,

jer imaju najčudesnija bio-osjetila koja imamo,

several orders of magnitude more sensitive

nekoliko puta osjetljivija

than some of our senses

od nekih naših osjetila

for sensing,

za osjet,

responding in a biologically meaningful way,

koja reagiraju na biološki značajan način,

to that whole class of industrial contaminants

toj cijeloj klasi industrijskih onečišćivaća

we call endocrine disruptors

koje zovemo endokrini remetitelji

or hormone emulators.

ili emulatori hormona.

But by taking your tadpole out for a walk in the evening --

Ali šetajući našeg punoglavca navečer --

there's a few action shots --

postoji nekoliko fotografija akcije --

your neighbors are likely to say, "What are you doing?"

vaši susjedi reći, "Što radite?"

And then you have to introduce your tadpole

I onda morate predstaviti svog punoglavca

and who it's named after.

i prema kome je nazvan.

You have to explain what you're doing

Morate objasniti što radite

and how the developmental events of a tadpole

i kako razvoj punoglavca

are, of course, very observable

možete promatrati

and they use the same T3-mediated hormones that we do.

i da koriste iste hormone kao i mi.

And so next time your neighbor sees you

Tako da sljedeći put kad vas susjed vidi

they'll say, "How is that tadpole doing?"

reći će, "Kako je taj punoglavac?"

And you can let them social network with your tadpole,

I možete im dozvoliti da se druže s njim,

because the Environmental Health Clinic has a social networking site

jer Klinika za zdravlje okoliša ima stranicu za povezivanje

for, not only impatients, humans,

ne samo za impacijente, ljude,

but non-humans,

već i za ne-ljude,

social networking for humans and non-humans.

društveno povezivanje za ljude i ne-ljude,

And of course, these endocrine disruptors

I naravno, ovi endokrini disruptori

are things that are implicated in the breast cancer epidemic,

su stvari koje su implicirane u epidemiju raka dojke,

the obesity epidemic,

epidemiju pretilosti,

the two and a half year drop in the average age of onset of puberty in young girls

raniji početak puberteta za djevojčice

and other related things.

i druge vezane stvari.

The culmination of this is if you've successfully raised your tadpole,

Kulminacija ovoga je ako ste uspješno uzgojili punoglavca,

observing the behavioral

promatrajući događaje ponašanja

and developmental events,

i razvoja,

you will then go and introduce your tadpole

predstavit ćete svog punoglavca

to its namesake

njegovom imenjaku

and discuss the evidence that you've seen.

i raspraviti dokaze koje ste vidjeli.

Another quick protocol -- and I'm going to go through these quickly,

Drugi brzi protokol -- i brzo ću proći kroz njih,

but just to give you the material sense of what we're doing here --

ali da vam dam uvid u ono što radimo --

instead of asking you for urine samples,

Da ne tražimo uzorke urina,

I'll ask you for a mouse sample.

tražit ću vas uzorak miša.

Anyone here lucky enough to share, to cohabit with a mouse --

Da li ovdje netko dijeli životni prostor s mišem --

a domestic partnership with mice?

ima partnerstvo s mišem?

Very lucky.

Doista ste sretni.

Mice, of course, are the quintessential

Miševi su naravno osnova,

model organism.

uzorak organizma.

They're even better models of environmental health,

Još su bolji model okolišnog zdravlja,

because not only the same mammalian biology,

jer ne samo da imaju biologiju sisavca,

but they share your diet, largely.

nego većinom dijele i našu ishranu.

They share your environmental stressors,

Dijele društvene stresore,

the asbestos levels and lead levels,

nivoe azbesta i olova,

whatever you're exposed to.

čemu god ste izloženi.

And they're geographically more limited than you are,

I geografski su ograničeniji nego vi,

because we don't know if you've been exposed

jer ne znamo da li ste bili izloženi

to persistent organic pollutants

ustrajnim organskim onečišćenjima

in your home, or occupationally

u vašem domu, ili zanimanjem

or as a child.

ili kao dijete.

Mice are a very good representation.

Miševi su dobar predstavnik.

So it starts by building a better mousetrap, of course.

Tako da to počinje gradnjom bolje mišolovke, naravno.

This is one of them.

Ovo je jedna od njih.

Coping with environmental stressors is tricky.

Nositi se s okolišnim stresorima je nezgodno.

Is anybody here on antidepressants?

Koristi li netko ovdje antidepresive?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

There's a lot of people in Manhattan are.

Pa puno ljudi na Manhattanu to radi.

And we were testing if the mice

I testirali smo

would also self-administer SSRIs.

bi li si miševi sami propisivali takvu terapiju.

So this was Prozac, this was Zoloft,

Ovo je bio Prozac, ovo je bio Zoloft,

this was a black jellybean and this was muscle relaxant,

ovo je bio žele bonbon, a ovo sredstvo za opuštanje mišića,

all of which were the medications that the impatient was taking.

što su sve lijekovi koje je uzimao impacijent.

So do you think the mice

Mislite li da su miševi

self-administered antidepressants?

sami uzimali antidepresive?

What's the -- (Audience: Sure. Yes.)

Koji je -- (Publika: Naravno. Da.)

How did you know that? They did.

Kako ste znali to? Jesu.

This was vodka and solution, gin and solution.

Ovo je bila votka i otopina, gin i otopina.

This guy also liked plain water and the muscle relaxant.

Ovaj je volio običnu vodu i sredstvo za opuštanje mišića.

Where's our expert?

Gdje je naš stručnjak?

Vodka, gin --

Vodka, gin --

(Audience: [unclear])

(Publika: nerazgovijetno)

Yes. Yes. You know your mice well.

Da. Da. Znate miševe.

They did, yes.

Jesu. Da.

So they drank as much vodka as they did plain water,

Pili su istu količinu votke kao i obične vode

which was interesting.

što je bilo zanimljivo.

Then of course, it goes into the entrapment device.

Naravno, onda su ušli u klopku.

There's an old cellphone in there -- a good use for old cellphones --

Tu je stari mobitel -- dobra uporaba --

which dials the clinic, we go and pick up the mouse.

koji poziva kliniku, a mi odemo pokupiti miša.

We take the blood sample

Uzimamo uzorak krvi

and do the blood work and hair work on the mice.

i analiziramo krv i dlake miša.

And I want to sort of point out the big advantage

I želim istaknuti veliku prednost

of framing health in this external way.

uokvirivanja zdravlja na ovaj način.

But we do have a few prescription products through this.

Ali imamo nekoliko lijekova na recept u ovome.

It's very different from the medical model.

Puno je drugačije od medicinskog modela.

Anything you do to improve your water quality or air quality,

Bilo što što radite da popravite kvalitetu vode ili zraka,

or to understand it or to change it,

ili da ju razumijete ili promijenite,

the benefits are enjoyed by anyone

u blagodatima uživaju svi

you share that water quality or air quality with.

s kojima dijelite kvalitetu vode ili zraka.

And that aggregating effect,

I taj agregacijski efekt,

that collective action effect,

taj kolektivni efekt djelovanja,

is actually something we can use to our advantage.

je nešto što možemo iskoristiti.

So I want to show you one prescription product in the clinic

Tako da vam želim pokazati jedan lijek na recept iz klinike

called the No Park.

koji se zove Ne Park.

This is a prescription to improve water quality.

Ovo je recept za poboljšanje kvalitete vode.

Many impatients are very concerned for water quality and air quality.

Mnogi impacijenti su zabrinuti oko kvalitete zraka i vode.

What we do is we take a fire hydrant,

Uzmemo hidrant,

a "no parking" space associated with a fire hydrant,

mjesto gdje se ne smije parkirati zbog hidranta,

and we prescribe the removal of the asphalt

i predložimo uklanjanje asfalta

to create an engineered micro landscape,

da bi se stvorio mikro okoliš

to create an infiltration opportunity.

koji bi stvorio priliku za infiltraciju.

Because, many of you will know,

Jer, mnogi će znati,

that the biggest pollution burden

da najveće opterećenje zagađenjem

that we have on the New York, New Jersey harbor right now

koje imamo u New Yorku, New Jerseyu sada

is no longer the point sources,

nisu više izvorišne točke,

no longer the big polluters,

nisu više veliki zagađivači,

no longer the GEs,

nisu više tvornice,

but that massive network of roads,

nego masivna mreža cesta,

[those] impervious surfaces,

te nepregledne površine,

that collect all that cadmium neurotoxin that comes from your brake liners

koje skupljaju kadmijev neurotoksin koji dolazi iz vaših kočnica

or the oily hydrocarbon waste

ili uljastog karboniziranog otpada

in every single storm event and medieval infrastructure

kod svake oluje i srednjevjekovna infrastruktura

washes it straight into the estuary system.

koja ga ispire u estuarijski sustav.

That doesn't do a lot of good.

To nije baš dobro.

These are little opportunities to intercept those pollutants

To su male prilike gdje možemo presresti te onečišćivaće

before they enter the harbor,

prije nego uđu u luku,

and they're produced by impatients

a stvaraju ih impacijenti

on various city blocks

u različitim dijelovima grada

in some very interesting ways.

na zanimljive načine.

I just want to say it was sort of a rule of thumb though,

Samo želim reći da je pravilo,

there's about two or three fire hydrants

postoji dva ili tri hidranta

on every city block.

u svakom dijelu grada.

By creating engineered micro landscapes to infiltrate in them,

Gradeći mikro okoliše kako bismo ih infiltrirali

we don't prevent them from being used

ne sprječavamo njihovo korištenje

as emergency vehicle parking spaces,

kao mjesto za hitno parkiranje vozila,

because, of course, a firetruck can come and park there.

jer naravno, vatrogasno vozilo može doći i tamo parkirati.

They flatten a few plants. No big deal, they'll regenerate.

Pregaze par biljaka. Nema veze, obnovit će se.

But if we did this

Ali ako napravimo ovo

in every single --

u svakom --

every fire hydrant

kod svakog hidranta

we could redefine the emergency.

mogli bi redefinirati hitne slučajeve.

That 99 percent of the time

99 posto vremena

when a firetruck is not parking there,

kada vatrogasna kola tu nisu parkirana,

it's infiltrating pollutants.

izbacuje onečišćivaće.

It's also increasing fixing CO2s,

Također povećava smanjenje CO2,

sequestering some of the airborne pollutants.

onemogućavajući neke od zrakom nošenih zagađivača.

And aggregated,

I agregirana,

these smaller interceptions

ova mala presretanja

could actually infiltrate all the roadborne pollution

bi zapravo mogla prodrijeti u sva cestovna zagađenja

that now runs into the estuary system,

koja protječu u estuarije,

up to a seven inch rain event, up to a hundred-year storm.

od kiše do stogodišnje oluje.

So these are small actions

Tako da ove male akcije

that can amount to a significant effect

mogu imati značajan učinak

to improve local environmental health.

na popravljanje lokalnog zdravlja okoliša.

This is one of the more ambitious ones.

Ovo je jedan od ambicioznijih.

What the climate crisis has revealed to us

Ono što nam je klimatska kriza otkrila

is a secondary, more insidious

je sekundarna, podmuklija,

and more pervasive crisis,

i prožimajuća kriza,

which is the crisis of agency,

a to je kriza djelovanja,

which is what to do.

a to je ono što ja radim.

Somehow buying a local lettuce, changing a light bulb,

Nekako kupovanje lokalne salate, mjenjanje žarulje,

driving the speed limit, changing your tires regularly,

vožnja prema ograničenju, redovno mjenjanje guma,

doesn't seem sufficient

se ne čini dovoljnim

in the face of climate crisis.

kada smo suočeni s klimatskom krizom.

And this is an interesting icon that happened --

I ovo je zanimljiva ikona koja se dogodila --

you remember these: fallout shelters.

sjećate se onih skloništa.

What is the fallout shelter

Što je sklonište

for the climate crisis?

kod klimatske krize?

This was civic mobilization.

Ovo je bila građanska mobilizacija.

Churches, school groups,

Crkve, školske grupe,

hospitals, private residents --

bolnice, stanovnici --

everyone built one of these in a matter of months.

svi su izgradili ovo u roku od par mjeseci.

And they still remain

I još uvijek ostaju

as icons of civic response

kao ikone građanskog odaziva

in the face of shared, uncertain, collective threat.

suočenog sa kolektivnom prijetnjom.

Fallout shelter for the climate crisis,

Sklonište za klimatsku krizu,

I would say, looks something like this, or this,

rekao bih, izgleda otprilike ovako, ili ovako,

which is an intensive urban agriculture facility

što je intenzivno postrojenje za urbanu poljoprivredu

that's due to go on my lab building at NYU.

koje će sigurno ići na zgradu mog laboratorija na sveučilištu.

What it does

Ono za što služi

is a very simple idea

je vrlo jednostavna ideja

of taking --

uzimanja --

80 to 90 percent of the CO2 produced in Manhattan

80 do 90 posto CO2 nastalog na Manhattanu

is building related --

je vezano uz zgrade--

we take, just like a commercial greenhouse,

uzimamo, kao komercijalni staklenik,

we take the CO2 from the building --

uzimamo C02 iz zgrada --

CO2-enriched air --

zrak obogaćen C02 --

we force it through the urban agriculture facility,

tjeramo ga kroz urbano poljoprivredno postrojenje,

and then we resupply oxygen-enriched air.

i onda dobivamo kisikom obogaćen zrak.

You can't actually build much on a roof, they're not designed for that.

Ne možete baš graditi na krovovima, nisu za to dizajnirani.

So it's on legs,

Tako da je na nogama,

so it focuses all the load on the masonry walls and the columns.

fokusira opterećene na ciglene zidove i stupce.

It's built as a barn raising,

Izgrađeno je kako podizanje štaglja,

using open source hardware.

koristeći hardware otvorenog koda.

This is the quarter-scale prototype

Ovo je smanjeni prototip

that was functioning in Spain.

koji je radio u Španjolskoj.

This is what it will look like, fingers crossed,

Ovako će to izgledati, nadam se,

NYU willing.

ako Sveučilšte prihvati.

And what I want to show you is --

I ono što vam želim pokazati je --

actually this is one of the components of it that we've just recently been testing --

ovo je jedna od komponenti koje sam nedavno testirala --

which is a solar chimney --

što je solarni dimnjak --

we have got 17 of them now put around New York at the moment --

imamo ih 17 postavljenih u New Yorku --

that passively draws air up.

koji pasivno uvlače zrak.

You understand a solar chimney.

Razumijete solarni dimnjak.

Hot air rises.

Topao zrak se diže.

You put a bit of black plastic on the side of a building,

Stavite malo crne plastike na stranu zgrade,

it'll heat up, and you'll get passive airflow.

zagrijat će se i dobit će te pasivni tok zraka.

What we do is actually

Ono što činimo je zapravo

put a standard HVAC filter on the top of that.

da stavimo običan filter na vrh toga.

That actually removes about 95 percent

Koji uklanja 95 posto

of the carbon black,

ugljeno crne,

that stuff that, with ozone,

te stvari, koja s ozonom,

is responsible for about half of global warming's effects,

je odgovorna za efekt staklenika,

because it changes, it settles on the snow,

jer mijenja se, pada na snijeg,

it changes the reflectors,

mjenja reflektore,

it changes

mjenja

the transmission qualities of the atmosphere.

prijenos kvaliteta atmosfere.

Carbon black is that grime

Ugljeno crna je ta čađ

that otherwise lodges in your pretty pink lungs,

koja se inače zaglavi u našim plućima,

and it's associated with.

i povezana je s tim.

It's not good stuff, and it's from inefficient combustion,

Nije to dobra stvar, i dolazi od neučinkovitog izgaranja,

not from combustion itself.

ne od samog izgaranja.

When we put it through our solar chimney,

Kada prođe kroz naš solarni dimnjak,

we remove actually about 95 percent of that.

uklanjamo 95 posto toga.

And then I swap it out

I onda to zamijenim

with the students

sa studentima

and actually re-release that carbon black.

i zapravo ponovno pustim tu karbon crnu.

And we make pencils the length of which measures the grime

I radimo olovke dužine čađi

that we've pulled out of the air.

koju smo izvukli iz zraka.

Here's one of them that we have up now.

Evo jedne od njih koju imamo.

Here's who put them up and who are avid pencil users.

Evo tko ju je postavio, i tko koristi ove olovke.

Okay, so I want to show you

Ok, želim vam pokazati

just two more interfaces,

samo još dva sučelja,

because I think one of our big challenges

jer mislim da je jedan od naših velikih izazova

is re-imagining our relationship to natural systems,

je ponovno zamišljanje našeg odnosa s prirodnim sustavima,

not only through this model

ne samo kroz ovaj model

of twisted personalized health,

iskrivljenog osobnog zdravlja,

but through the animals

već kroz životinje

with whom we cohabit.

s kojima živimo.

We are not alone; the animals are moving in.

Nismo samo, životinje se useljavaju.

In fact, urban migration now describes

Zapravo, urbana migracija sada opisuje

the movement of animals formerly known as wild

kretanje živtinja koje smo nekad svrstavali u divlje

into urban centers.

u urbane centre.

You know, coyote in Central Park, a whale in the Gowanus Canal,

Kojoti u Central parku, kit u Gowanus kanalu,

elk in Westchester County.

los u Westchesteru.

It's happening all over the Developed World,

Događa se diljem razvijenog svijeta,

probably for loss of habitat,

zbog gubitka staništa,

but also because our cities are a little bit more livable

ali i zato što su naši gradovi malo pogodniji za život

than they have been.

nego su prije bili.

And every green space we create

I svaka zelena površina koju stvaramo

is an invitation for non-humans to cohabit with us.

je poziv za ne-ljude da žive s nama.

But we've kind of lacked imagination

Ali nedostajalo nam je mašte

in how we could do that well or interestingly.

kako da to činimo dobro ili zanimljivo.

And I want to show you a few of the technological interfaces

I želim vam pokazati nekoliko tehnoloških sučelja

that have been developed under the moniker of OOZ --

koji su bili razvijeni pod paskom OOZ --

which is zoo backwards and without cages --

što je ZOO naopako i bez kaveza --

to try and reform

da pokušaju reformirati

that relationship.

taj odnos.

This is communication technology for birds. It looks like this.

Ovo je komunikacijska tehnologija za ptice. Izgleda ovako.

When a bird lands on it, they trigger a sound file.

Kada ptica sleti na njega, okida zvučni dokument.

This is actually in the Whitney Museum, where there were six of them,

Ovo je muzej Whitney, gdje ih ima šest,

each of which had a different argument on it,

svaki sa drugačijim argumentom,

different sound file.

drugačijim zvukom.

They said things like this.

Rekli su nešto poput ovoga.

(Whistling)

(Zviždanje)

Recorded Voice: Here's what you need to do.

Snimljeni glas: Evo što trebate napraviti.

Go down there and buy some of those health food bars,

Idite tamo i kupite hranjive pločice,

the ones you call bird food,

one koje zovete ptičja hrana,

and bring it here and scatter it around.

i donesite ih i raspite uokolo.

There's a good person.

To je dobra osoba.

Natalie Jeremijenko: Okay. (Laugher)

Natalie Jeremijenko: Ok. (Smijeh)

So there was several of these.

Postoji nekoliko takvih.

The birds were able to jump from one to the other.

Ptice mogu skakati od jedne do druge.

These are just your average urban pigeon.

Ovo su samo obični gradski golubovi.

And an early test

I rani testovi

which argument elicited cooperative behavior

koji se zalažu za kooperativno ponašanje

from the people below --

ljudi ispod --

about a hundred to one

sto naprama jedan

decided that this was the argument

odlučili su da je to argument

that worked best on us.

koji najbolje djeluje na nas.

Recorded Voice: Tick, tick, tick.

Snimljeni glas: Tik, tik, tik.

That's the sound of genetic mutations

To je zvuk genetskih mutacija

of the avian flu

ptičje gripe

becoming a deadly human flu.

koja postaje smrtonosna ljudska gripa.

Do you know what slows it down?

Znate li što je usporava?

Healthy sub-populations of birds,

Zdrava populacija ptica,

increasing biodiversity generally.

te povećanje bioraznolikosti.

It is in your interests that I'm healthy,

U vašem je interesu da sam zdrav,a

happy, well-fed.

sretna i nahranjena.

Hence, you could share some of your nutritional resources

Dakle, možeš podijeliti hranu

instead of monopolizing them.

umjesto da držiš monopol.

That is, share your lunch.

Odnosno, podijeli ručak.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

NJ: It worked, and it's true.

NJ: To je radilo, i istinito je.

The final project I'd like to show you

Završni projekt koji vam želim pokazati

is a new interface for fish

je novo sučelje za ribe

that has just been launched --

koje je upravo lansirano --

it's actually officially launched next week --

zapravo, službeno tek sljedećeg tjedna --

with a wonderful commission from the Architectural League.

sa divnom dodjelom od Arhitektonske lige.

You may not have known that you need to communicate with fish,

Možda ne znate da trebate komunicirati s ribama,

but there is now a device for you to do so.

ali sada postoji uređaj za to.

It looks like this: buoys that float on the water,

Izgleda ovako, bova koja pluta na vodi,

project three foot up, three foot down.

tri stope gore, tri stope dolje.

When a fish swims underneath, a light goes on.

Kada riba pliva ispod toga, pali se svjetlo.

This is what it looks like.

Ovako to izgleda.

So there's another function on here.

Tako da postoji još jedna funkcija.

This top light is -- I'm sorry if I'm making you seasick --

Gornje svijetlo -- isprike ako imate morsku bolest --

this top light is actually a water quality display

gornje svjetlo je zapravo pokazatelj kvalitete vode

that shifts from red, when the dissolved oxygen is low,

koje se mijenja iz crvene, kada nema kisika,

to a blue/green, when its dissolved oxygen is high.

do plave, zelene, kada ga ima.

And then you can also text the fish.

I onda također možete slati poruke ribama.

So there's business cards down there

Tako da dolje imate posjetnice

that'll give you contact details.

koje će vam dati informacije o kontaktu.

And they text back.

I one šalju poruke natrag.

When the buoys get your text, they wink at you twice to say, we've got your message.

Kada bove dobiju poruku, zatrepere dva puta.

But perhaps the most popular has been

Ali možda su najpopularnije

that we've got another array of these boys in the Bronx River,

one koje su u Bronx rijeci,

where the first beaver --

gdje je prvi dabar --

crazy as he is --

lud kakav jest --

to have moved in and built a lodge in New York

izgradio stan u New Yorku

in 250 years, hangs out.

prvi put u 250 godina.

So updates from a beaver.

Dakle, novosti od dabra.

You can subscribe to updates from him. You can talk to him.

Možete primati obavijesti. Pričati s njim.

And what I like to think of

I ono što volim činiti

is this is an interface

je gledati na ovo kao na sučelje

that re-scripts how we interact with natural systems,

koje ponovno piše kako djelujemo na prirodne sustave,

specifically by changing who has information,

mijenjajući tko ima ove informacije,

where they have it,

gdje su one,

who can make sense of that information,

tko ih može razumjeti,

and what you can do about it.

i što možete s njima.

In this case, instead of throwing chewing gum,

U ovom slučaju, umjesto bacanja žvakaće gume,

or Doritos or whatever you have in your pocket at the fish --

ili flipsa ili što god imate u džepu ribi -.-

There's a body of water in Iceland that I've been dealing with

Postoji voda u Islandu s kojom se bavim

that's in the middle of the city,

koja se nalazi usred grada,

and the largest pollution burden on it

i najveći onečišćivaći nisu

is not the roadborne pollution,

ispušni plinovi,

it's actually white bread

već bijeli kruh

from people feeding the fish and the birds.

kojim ljudi hrane ribe i ptice.

Instead of doing that actually, we've developed some fish sticks

Umjesto toga, razvili smo riblje štapiće

that you can feed the fish.

kojima možete hraniti ribe.

They're delicious.

Ukusni su.

They're cross-species delicious that is,

Ukusni su za više vrsta,

delicious for humans and non-humans.

i ljude i neljude.

But they also have a chelating agent in them.

Ali imaju i kcelatni agens u njima.

They're nutritionally appropriate,

Oni su prehrambeno prikladni,

not like Doritos.

ne kao flips.

And so every time

I tako svaki put

that desire to interact with the animals,

ta želja da budemo u interakciji sa životinjama,

which is at least as ubiquitous

koja je barem učestala

as that sign: "Do not feed the animals."

kao i znak: "Ne hranite životinje."

And there's about three of them on every New York City park.

I postoje barem tri u svakom parku u New Yorku.

And Yellowstone National Park,

I u nacionalnom parku Yellowstone,

there's more "do not feed the animals" signs

ima više "ne hrani životinje" znakova

than there are animals you might wish to feed.

nego životinja koje bi možda hranili.

But in that action, that interaction,

Ali u toj akciji, interakciji,

by re-scripting that,

ponovno pišući to,

by changing it into an opportunity

mjenjajući to u priliku

to offer food that is nutritionally appropriate,

da se ponudi dobra hrana,

that could augment the nutritional resources

koja će poboljšati nutritivne resurse

that we ourselves have depleted

koje smo mi potrošili

for augmenting the fish population

za povećanje populacije riba

and also adding chelating agent,

i dodavanje kcelatnog agensa,

which, like any chelating agent that we use medicinally,

koji, kao i svaki koji koristimo u medicini,

binds to the bioaccumulated heavy metals and PCBs

veže se na bioakumulirane teške metale i PCB-e

that are in the fish

koji su u ribi

living in this particular habitat

koja živi u ovoj nastambi

and allows them to pass it out as a harmless salt

i dozvoljava im da se izluče kao bezazlena sol

where it's complexed by a reactive,

gdje je složena reagensom,

effectively removing it from bioavailability.

učinkovito ju uklanjajući iz okoliša.

But I wanted to say that interaction,

Ali htjela sam reći da interakcija,

re-scripting that interaction,

ponovno pisanje te interakcije,

into collective action, collective remediative action,

u kolektivnu akciju, kolektivnu akciju za oporavak,

very different from the approach

je potpuno drugačije od pristupa

that's being used on the other side on the Hudson River,

koji se koristi s druge strane rijeke Hudson,

where we're dredging the PCBs --

gdje iskapamo PCB --

after 30 years of legislative and legal struggle,

poslije 30 godina pravne borbe,

GE's paying for the dredging

GE plaća iskapanje

of the largest Superfund site in the world --

najveće Superfund lokacije na svijetu --

we're dredging it, and it'll probably get shipped off to Pennsylvania

iskapamo je, i poslat ćemo je u Pennsylvaniu

or the nearest Third World country,

ili najbližu zemlju trećeg svijeta,

where it will continue to be toxic sludge.

gdje će i dalje biti toksična sluz.

Displacement is not the way to deal with environmental issues.

Premještaj nije rješenje za probleme okoliša.

And that's typically the paradigm

I to je inače paradigma

under which we've operated.

koju koristimo.

By actually taking the opportunity

No iskorištavajući priliku

that new technologies,

koju nove tehnologije,

new interactive technologies, present

nove interaktivne tehnologije, nude

to re-script our interactions,

kako bi ponovno pisali naše interakcije,

to script them,

da ih napišemo,

not just as isolated, individuated interactions,

ne kao izolirane, individualne interakcije,

but as collective aggregating actions

već kao kolektivne, agregirajuće akcije

that can amount to something,

koje mogu nešto napraviti,

we can really begin to address

možemo zaista početi rješavati

some of our important environmental challenges.

neke od naših važnih izazova u okolišu.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)