Inside the world's deepest caves | Bill Stone

Prevoditelj: Ivan Majstorovic Recezent: Nenad Maljković

First place I'd like to take you

Prvo vas želim odvesti do,

is what many believe will be the world's deepest natural abyss.

što mnogi vjeruju, najdubljeg svjetskog ponora.

And I say believe because this process is still ongoing.

I kažem vjeruju zato što ovaj proces još traje.

Right now there are major expeditions being planned for next year

Trenutno se planiraju velike ekspedicije za iduću godinu,

that I'll talk a little bit about.

o čemu ću nešto reći.

One of the things that's changed here,

Jedna od stvari koje su se promijenile,

in the last 150 years since Jules Verne

u posljednjih 150 godina otkako je Jules Verne

had great science-fiction concepts of what the underworld was like,

zamislio kako izgleda podzemni svijet,

is that technology has enabled us to go to these places

je i to da nam je danas tehnologija omogućila da odemo na mjesta

that were previously completely unknown and speculated about.

koja su do nedavno bila potpuno nepoznata i o kojima se nagađalo.

We can now descend thousands of meters into the Earth with relative impunity.

Sada se možemo spustiti na tisuće metara u Zemlju s relativno malo truda.

Along the way we've discovered fantastic abysses and chambers so large

Usput smo otkrili fantastične ponore i komore tako velike

that you can see for hundreds of meters

da u njima pogled seže na stotine metara

without a break in the line of sight.

bez ikakvih prepreka.

When you go on a thing like this, we can usually be in the field

Kada odemo na ovakvu ekspediciju, na terenu znamo biti

for anywhere from two to four months,

od dva do četiri mjeseca,

with a team as small as 20 or 30, to as big as 150.

u maloj grupi od 20-ak ili 30-ak osoba, pa do velikih grupa od 150.

And a lot of people ask me, you know,

Znate, mnogi me pitaju,

what kind of people do you get for a project like this?

kakvi se osobe javljaju za ovakve projekte?

While our selection process

Iako naš proces selekcije

is not as rigorous as NASA, it's nonetheless thorough.

nije rigorozan kao u NASA-i, nije ništa manje temeljit.

We're looking for competence, discipline, endurance, and strength.

Tražimo sposobnost, disciplinu, izdržljivost i snagu.

In case you're wondering, this is our strength test.

Ako se pitate, ovo je naš test snage.

(Laughter)

(smijeh)

But we also value esprit de corps

Ali također cijenimo duh zajedništva

and the ability to diplomatically resolve inter-personal conflict

i sposobnost diplomatskog rješavanja osobnih sukoba

while under great stress in remote locations.

pod velikim stresom u udaljenim lokacijama.

We have already gone far beyond the limits of human endurance.

Već smo daleko nadišli granice ljudske izdržljivosti.

From the entrance, this is nothing like a commercial cave.

Već od samog ulaza, ovo nimalo ne nalikuje na turističku spilju.

You're looking at Camp Two in a place called J2, not K2, but J2.

Gledate u Logor 2 u mjestu koje se zove J2; ne K2, već J2.

We're roughly two days from the entrance at that point.

Tu smo na nekih dva dana od ulaza.

And it's kind of like a high altitude mountaineering trip in reverse,

To je poput obrnutog uspona na visoku planinu,

except that you're now running a string of these things down.

osim što spuštate niz ovih stvari dolje.

The idea is to try to provide some measure of physical comfort

Ideja je donekle osigurati fizičku udobnost

while you're down there, otherwise in damp, moist, cold conditions in utterly dark places.

dok si tamo dolje, u inače vlažnim i hladnim uvjetima potpuno mračnih mjesta.

I should mention that everything you're seeing here, by the way,

Usput, moram napomenuti, da je sve što gledate

is artificially illuminated at great effort.

umjetno osvjetljeno uz veliki trud i napor.

Otherwise it is completely dark in these places.

Tu je inače potpuni mrak.

The deeper you go, the more you run into a conflict with water.

Što se dublje spuštate to vam voda više smeta.

It's basically like a tree collecting water coming down.

To je poput grana koje skupljaju vodu koja curi dolje.

And eventually you get to places where it is formidable and dangerous

I naposljetku dođete do mjesta koja su iznimno zahtjevna i opasna,

and unfortunately slides just don't do justice.

nažalost, tu fotografije ne mogu dočarati stvarno stanje.

So I've got a very brief clip here that was taken in the late 1980s.

Zato sam pripremio kratki video koji je snimljen kasnih 80-ih.

So descend into Huautla Plateau in Mexico.

Spust na visoravani Huautla u Meksiku.

(Video)

(video)

Now I have to tell you that the techniques being shown here

Moram vam napomenuti da su tehnike koje ovdje vidite

are obsolete and dangerous.

zastarjele i opasne.

We would not do this today unless we were doing it for film.

Danas ovo ne bi radili osim ako to ne bi bilo za potrebe filma.

(Laughter)

(smijeh)

Along that same line, I have to tell you

Da nastavim misao, moram vam reći

that with the spate of Hollywood movies that came out last year,

da s obzirom na holivudske filmove koji su izašli prošle godine,

we have never seen monsters underground --

nikada nismo vidjeli čudovišta u podzemlju,

at least the kind that eat you.

barem ne ona koja bi vas pojela.

If there is a monster underground,

Ako ispod postoji čudovište,

it is the crushing psychological remoteness

onda je to ogroman psihološki pritisak zbog udaljenosti i izolacije

that begins to hit every member of the team

koji spopadne svakog člana tima

once you cross about three days inbound from the nearest entrance.

nakon nekih tri dana od najbližeg ulaza.

Next year I'll be leading an international team to J2.

Sljedeće godine vodit ću međunarodni tim u J2.

We're going to be shooting from minus 2,600 meters --

Snimat ćemo na dubiti od 2.600 metara -

that's a little over 8,600 feet down --

što je nešto više od 8.600 stopa pod zemljom -

at 30 kilometers from the entrance.

na oko 30 kilometara od ulaza.

The lead crews will be underground for pushing 30 days straight.

Vodeće skupine će u podzemlju provesti 30 dana u komadu.

I don't think there's been a mission like that in a long time.

Mislim da takve misije nije bilo već jako dugo.

Eventually, if you keep going down in these things,

S vremenom, ako se nastavite spuštati u ovome,

probability says that you're going to run into a place like this.

vjerojatno je da ćete naletiti na ovakvo mjesto.

It's a place where there's a fold in the geologic stratum

To je mjesto gdje je postoji nabor u geološkom stratumu

that collects water and fills to the roof.

u kojem se nakuplja voda i potpuno ispuni prostoriju.

And when you used to find these things,

Nekada, kada bi naišli na ovakvo nešto,

they would put a label on a map that said terminal siphon.

na kartu bi stavili oznaku na kojoj bi pisalo - krajnji sifon.

Now I remember that term really well for two reasons.

Ja sam dobro zapamtio taj pojam iz dva razloga.

Number one, it's the name of my rock band, and second,

Kao prvo, to je naziv mog rock benda (Terminal Siphon), a kao drugo,

is because the confrontation of these things

zato što me je susretanje s takvim pojavama

forced me to become an inventor.

prisililo da postanem izumitelj.

And we've since gone on to develop

Tako da smo u međuvremenu razvili

many generations of gadgets for exploring places like this.

nekoliko generacija naprava za istraživanje takvih mjesta.

This is some life-support equipment closed-cycle.

Ovo je oprema zatvorenog ciklusa za održavanje života -

And you can use that now to go for many kilometers horizontally

pomoću nje možete preći nekoliko kilometara vodoravno

underwater and to depths of 200 meters straight down underwater.

ispod vode i ići do 200 metara duboko.

When you do this kind of stuff it's like doing EVA.

Kada radite ovakvo nešto, to je poput

It's like doing extra-vehicular activity in space,

šetnje izvan letjelice u svemiru,

but at much greater distances, and at much greater physical peril.

samo na daleko većim udaljenostima i uz puno veću opasnost.

So it makes you think about how to design your equipment

Zato trebate dobro razmislite o konstrukciji svoje opreme

for long range, away from a safe haven.

koja vam treba služiti na velikim udaljenostima od sigurnog utočišta.

Here's a clip from a National Geographic movie

Ovo je isječak iz filma National Geographic-a

that came out in 1999.

objavljenog 1999.

(Video) Narrator: Exploration is a physical process

- "Istraživanje je fizički proces

of putting your foot in places where humans have never stepped before.

u kojem kročite na mjesta kojima čovjek nikada prije nije kročio.

This is where the last little nugget of totally unknown territory remains on this planet.

Ovdje su posljednji djelići potpuno nepoznatog teritorija na ovom planetu.

To experience it is a privilege.

Iskusiti takvo što je povlastica."

Bill Stone: That was taken in Wakulla Springs, Florida.

To je snimljeno u izvorištu rijeke Wakula na Floridi.

Couple of things to note about that movie. Every piece of equipment

Bitno je nešto napomenuti vezano za ovaj film: niti jedan komad opreme

that you saw in there did not exist before 1999.

koji ste vidjeli na filmu nije postojao prije 1999.

It was developed within a two-year period and used on actual exploratory projects.

Razvijen je za dvije godine i korišten na stvarnim istraživačkim projektima.

This gadget you see right here was called the digital wall mapper,

Naprava koju ovdje vidite zove se digitalni maper zidova -

and it produced the first three-dimensional map anybody has ever done

i stvorila je prvu, ikad napravljenu, trodimenzionalnu mapu spilje,

of a cave, and it happened to be underwater in Wakulla Springs.

a to je bilo ispod površine vode u izvorištu Wakule.

It was that gadget that serendipitously opened a door

Ta je naprava sretnom slučajnošću otvorila vrata

to another unexplored world.

u jedan drugi neistraženi svijet.

This is Europa.

Ovo je Europa.

Carolyn Porco mentioned another one called Enceladus the other day.

Carolyn Porco je neki dan spomenula drugi satelit imena Enceladus.

This is one of the places where planetary scientists

Ovo je jedno od mjesta za koje planetarni znanstvenici

believe there is a highest probability of the detection

vjeruju da tu postoji najveća vjerojatnost za otkrivanje

of the first life off earth in the ocean that exists below there.

izvanzemaljskog života - u oceanu koji se tamo nalazi ispod površine.

For those who have never seen this story,

Za one koji nisu nikad vidjeli ovu priču,

Jim Cameron produced a really wonderful IMAX movie

Jim Cameron je napravio stvarno predivan IMAX film

couple of years ago, called "Aliens of the Deep."

prije nekoliko godina, nazvao ga je "Tuđinci dubina".

There was a brief clip --

Evo kratkog isječka...

(Video) Narrator: A mission to explore under the ice of Europa

- "Istraživačka misija ispod ledenog pokrivača Europe

would be the ultimate robotic challenge.

bila bi ultimativni izazov za robotiku.

Europa is so far away that even at the speed of light,

Europa je toliko daleko da bi čak i pri brzini svjetlosti,

it would take more than an hour for the command just to reach the vehicle.

poslanoj naredbi bilo potrebno više od jednog sata samo da dođe do vozila.

It has to be smart enough to avoid terrain hazards

Ono mora biti dovoljno pametno da izbjegne opasnosti terena

and to find a good landing site on the ice.

i da pronađe odgovarajuće mjesto za slijetanje na ledu.

Now we have to get through the ice.

Zatim moramo nekako proći kroz led.

You need a melt probe.

Za to nam treba sonda za taljenje.

It's basically a nuclear-heated torpedo.

U osnovi je to nuklearno grijani torpedo.

The ice could be anywhere from three to 16 miles deep.

Led bi mogao biti debljine između pet i 25 kilometara.

Week after week, the melt probe will sink of its own weight

Tjedan za tjednom, sonda bi tonula plod vlastitom težinom

through the ancient ice, until finally --

kroz drevni led, dok konačno...

Now, what are you going to do when you reach the surface of that ocean?

A što napraviti kada dođete do površine tog oceana?

You need an AUV, an autonomous underwater vehicle.

Treba vam APV, autonomno podvodno vozilo.

It needs to be one smart puppy, able to navigate

Ono treba biti pravi Baltazar, mora biti u stanju navigirati

and make decisions on its own in an alien ocean.

i samostalno donositi odluke u stranom oceanu."

BS: What Jim didn't know when he released that movie

Ono što Jim nije znao kad je objavio taj film

was that six months earlier NASA had funded a team I assembled

bilo je da je šest mjeseci ranije NASA financirala moj tim

to develop a prototype for the Europa AUV.

za razvoj prototipa za Europin APV.

I mean, I cut through three years of engineering meetings, design

Mislim, preskočio sam 3 godine inženjerskih sastanaka, dizajna

and system integration, and introduced DEPTHX --

i sistemske integracije i predstavljam DEPTHX -

Deep Phreatic Thermal Explorer.

Dubinski termički istraživač podzemnih voda.

And as the movie says, this is one smart puppy.

I kako kaže film, ovo je pravi mali Baltazar.

It's got 96 sensors, 36 onboard computers,

Ima 96 senzora, 36 računala,

100,000 lines of behavioral autonomy code,

100.000 linija programskog koda za samostalno ponašanje,

packs more than 10 kilos of TNT in electrical onboard equivalent.

nosi više od 10 kilograma čipova u ugrađenoj elektroničkoj opremi.

This is the target site,

Ovo je ciljna lokacija,

the world's deepest hydrothermal spring at Cenote Zacaton in northern Mexico.

najdublji hidrotermalni izvor na svijetu: Cenote Zacatón u Sj. Meksiku.

It's been explored to a depth of 292 meters

Istražen je do dubine od 292 metra,

and beyond that nobody knows anything.

dublje od toga nitko ništa ne zna.

This is part of DEPTHX's mission.

Ovo je dio misije DEPTHX-a.

There are two primary targets we're doing here.

Ovdje imamo dva primarna cilja.

One is, how do you do science autonomy underground?

Prvi, kako vršiti autonomna znanstvena istraživanja u podzemlju?

How do you take a robot and turn it into a field microbiologist?

Kako robota pretvoriti u terenskog mikrobiologa?

There are more stages involved here

Ima ovdje više faza nego

than I've got time to tell you about, but basically we drive

što imam vremena govoriti ali u osnovi se krećemo

through the space, we populate it with environmental variables --

kroz prostor, punimo ga varijablama okoline -

sulphide, halide, things like that.

sulfid, halid, takve stvari.

We calculate gradient surfaces, and drive the bot over to a wall

Izračunavamo nagibe površina i vozimo robota do zida

where there's a high probability of life.

s velikom vjerojatnošću za postojanje života.

We move along the wall, in what's called proximity operations,

Krećemo se uza zid, u onome što zovemo blizinski način rada,

looking for changes in color.

tražeći promjene u boji.

If we see something that looks interesting, we pull it into a microscope.

Ako vidimo nešto što izgleda zanimljivo, to uvučemo u mikroskop.

If it passes the microscopic test, we go for a collection.

Ako prođe test mikroskopom, idemo po uzorak.

We either draw in a liquid sample,

Ili uzmemo tekući uzorak

or we can actually take a solid core from the wall.

ili možemo odlomiti komad zida.

No hands at the wheel.

Bez ruku na volanu.

This is all behavioral autonomy here

Ovo je sve samostalno ponašanje

that's being conducted by the robot on its own.

kojeg robot sam odrađuje.

The real hat trick for this vehicle, though,

Pravi zec iz šešira za ovo vozilo jest

is a disruptive new navigation system we've developed,

novi navigacijski sustav kojeg smo razvili,

known as 3D SLAM, for simultaneous localization and mapping.

poznat kao 3D SLAM, skraćeno za "simultano lociranje i mapiranje".

DEPTHX is an all-seeing eyeball.

DEPTHX je oko koje vidi u svim smjerovima.

Its sensor beams look both forward and backward at the same time,

Senzori gledaju i naprijed i nazad istovremeno,

allowing it to do new exploration

omogućavajući mu nova istraživanja

while it's still achieving geometric sensor-lock

dok radi geometrijsko pozicioniranje

on what it's gone through already.

u prostoru koji je već prošao.

What I'm going to show you next

Slijedeće što ću vam pokazati

is the first fully autonomous robotic exploration underground

jest prvo podzemno potpuno autonomno robotsko istraživanje

that's ever been done.

koje je ikada napravljeno.

This May, we're going to go from minus 1,000 meters in Zacaton,

Ovog svibnja, krenuti ćemo od minus 1.000 metara u Zacatónu,

and if we're very lucky, DEPTHX will bring back the first

i ako budemo imali sreće, DEPTHX će donijeti prve

robotically-discovered division of bacteria.

robotski otkrivene uzorke bakterija.

The next step after that is to test it in Antartica and then,

Korak nakon toga je testirati ga na Antarktici, a zatim

if the funding continues and NASA has the resolution to go,

ako se financiranje nastavi i ako NASA bude odlučna,

we could potentially launch by 2016, and by 2019

mogli bismo ga lansirati do 2016. - a do 2019.

we may have the first evidence of life off this planet.

mogli bismo imati prve dokaze o životu izvan ovog planeta.

What then of manned space exploration?

A što je s istraživanjem svemira s ljudskim posadama?

The government recently announced plans to return to the moon by 2024.

Vlada je nedavno najavila planove za povratak na Mjesec do 2024.

The successful conclusion of that mission will result

Uspješan završetak te misije dovest će do

in infrequent visitation of the moon by a small number

ne baš čestih posjeta Mjesecu malog broja

of government scientists and pilots.

vladinih znanstvenika i pilota.

It will leave us no further along in the general expansion

Nećemo ostvariti ništa veći napredak u općem širenju

of humanity into space than we were 50 years ago.

čovječanstva u svemir u usporedbi s onim od prije 50 godina.

Something fundamental has to change

Nešto se iz temelja mora promijeniti

if we are to see common access to space in our lifetime.

ukoliko želimo doživjeti opći pristup svemiru tijekom našeg životnog vijeka.

What I'm going to show you next are a couple of controversial ideas.

Sada ću vam pokazati par kontroverznih ideja.

And I hope you'll bear with me and have some faith

I nadam se da ćete me saslušati i povjerovati

that there's credibility behind what we're going to say here.

da postoje znanstveni temelji za ovo što ću izreći.

There are three underpinnings of working in space privately.

Postoje tri poteškoće za privatno poduzetništvo u svemiru.

One of them is the requirement

Jedna od njih je potreba

for economical earth-to-space transport.

za ekonomičnim prijevozom sa Zemlje u svemir.

The Bert Rutans and Richard Bransons of this world

Bert Rutani i Richardi Bransoni ovog svijeta

have got this in their sights and I salute them.

uzeli su si to u zadatak i ovom prilikom ih pozdravljam.

Go, go, go.

Idemo, idemo, idemo!

The next thing we need are places to stay on orbit.

Druga stvar koju trebamo su naselja u orbiti.

Orbital hotels to start with, but workshops for the rest of us later on.

Orbitalni hoteli za početak, a kasnije i radionice za nas ostale.

The final missing piece, the real paradigm-buster, is this:

Posljednja karika koja nedostaje, razbijač paradigme, je ovo:

a gas station on orbit.

benzinska crpka u orbiti.

It's not going to look like that.

Neće baš ovako izgledati.

If it existed, it would change all future spacecraft design and space mission planning.

To bi promijenilo sve buduće dizajne svemirskih letjelica i planiranje misija.

Now, to give you a chance to understand

Kako biste shvatili

why there is power in that statement,

zašto je ovo moćna izjava,

I've got to give you the basics of Space 101.

trebam vam objasniti osnove svemirskog leta.

And the first thing is everything you do in space you pay by the kilogram.

Prva stvar je da sve što radite u svemiru plaćate po kilogramu.

Anybody drink one of these here this week?

Je li netko popio jednu od ovih ovaj tjedan?

You'd pay 10,000 dollars for that in orbit.

Za to biste platili 10.000 dolara u orbiti.

That's more than you pay for TED,

To je više nego što biste platili za TED,

if Google dropped their sponsorship.

kada bi Google ukinuo sponzorstvo.

(Laughter)

(smijeh)

The second is more than 90 percent of the weight of a vehicle is in propellant.

Druga stvar je da više od 90% mase vozila čini gorivo.

Thus, every time you'd want to do anything in space,

Stoga, svaki puta kada želite nešto napraviti u svemiru,

you are literally blowing away enormous sums of money

doslovno izgarate ogromne količine novca,

every time you hit the accelerator.

svaki put kada pritisnete na gas.

Not even the guys at Tesla can fight that physics.

Čak ni momci iz Tesle ne mogu protiv te fizike.

So, what if you could get your gas at a 10th the price?

A što ako biste mogli dobiti gorivo za desetinu cijene?

There is a place where you can.

Postoji mjesto gdje to možete.

In fact, you can get it better -- you can get it at 14 times lower

Zapravo, bilo bi i bolje - dobili biste ga za 14 puta nižu cijenu

if you can find propellant on the moon.

ukoliko biste pronašli gorivo na Mjesecu.

There is a little-known mission that was launched

Prije 13 godina Pentagon je lansirao

by the Pentagon, 13 years ago now, called Clementine.

malo poznatu misiju naziva "Clementine".

And the most amazing thing that came out of that mission

I najnevjerojatniji ishod te misije bila je

was a strong hydrogen signature at Shackleton crater

izrazita detekcija vodika u krateru Shackleton

on the south pole of the moon.

na južnom polu Mjeseca.

That signal was so strong,

Signal je bio toliko jak,

it could only have been produced by 10 trillion tons of water

da ga je moglo proizvesti samo 10 trilijuna tona vode

buried in the sediment, collected over millions and billions of years

zakopane u sediment, nakupljane milijunima i milijardama godina

by the impact of asteroids and comet material.

udarima asteroida i kometa.

If we're going to get that, and make that gas station possible,

Ako se želimo poslužiti time i tu benzinsku crpku učiniti mogućom,

we have to figure out ways to move large volumes of payload through space.

moramo smisliti način za prijevoz velikih količina tereta kroz svemir.

We can't do that right now.

Trenutno to ne možemo.

The way you normally build a system right now is you have a tube stack

Danas, normalan način izgradnje sustava za svemirski let je cilindar

that has to be launched from the ground,

koji se mora lansirati s tla

and resist all kinds of aerodynamic forces.

i mora se oduprijeti svakakvim aerodinamičkim silama.

We have to beat that.

Mi moramo bolje.

We can do it because in space there are no aerodynamics.

To možemo zato što u svemiru nema aerodinamike.

We can go and use inflatable systems for almost everything.

Možemo koristiti sustave na napuhavanje za gotovo sve.

This is an idea that, again, came out of Livermore back in 1989,

Ovo je ideja, koja je, opet, izašla iz Livermora još 1989.

with Dr. Lowell Wood's group.

od grupe dr. Lowella Wooda.

And we can extend that now to just about everything.

Danas to možemo proširiti na gotovo sve.

Bob Bigelow currently has a test article in the orbit.

Bob Bigelow trenutno ima testni uzorak u orbiti.

We can go much further.

Mi možemo dalje.

We can build space tugs, orbiting platforms for holding cryogens and water.

Možemo graditi svemirske tegljače, orbitirajuće platforme za kriogene i vodu.

There's another thing.

Ima još jedna stvar.

When you're coming back from the moon,

Kad se vraćate s Mjeseca,

you have to deal with orbital mechanics.

morate riješiti orbitalnu mehaniku.

It says you're moving 10,000 feet per second faster

Ona kaže da se krećete 3.000 metara u sekundi brže

than you really want to be to get back to your gas station.

nego što stvarno želite za vraćanje na svoju svemirsku benzinsku crpku.

You got two choices.

Imate dva izbora.

You can burn rocket fuel to get there, or you can do something really incredible.

Možete trošiti gorivo za kočenje ili možete učiniti nešto stvarno nevjerovatno.

You can dive into the stratosphere,

Možete zaroniti u stratosferu

and precisely dissipate that velocity, and come back out to the space station.

i precizno smanjiti tu brzinu te izaći s druge strane na crpku.

It has never been done.

To nikad nije učinjeno.

It's risky and it's going to be one hell of a ride --

Riskantno je i bit će to stvarno luda vožnja -

better than Disney.

bolja nego u Disneyu.

The traditional approach to space exploration

Tradicionalni pristup svemirskom istraživanju

has been that you carry all the fuel you need

bio je da sa sobom nosite sve gorivo

to get everybody back in case of an emergency.

potrebno da se svi vratite u slučaju nužde.

If you try to do that for the moon,

Ako to pokušate za Mjesec,

you're going to burn a billion dollars in fuel alone sending a crew out there.

spalit ćete milijardu dolara u gorivu samo za slanje posade.

But if you send a mining team there,

Ali ako prvo pošaljete rudarski tim,

without the return propellant, first --

bez goriva za povratak...

(Laughter)

(smijeh)

Did any of you guys hear the story of Cortez?

Jel netko od vas čuo priču o Cortezu?

This is not like that. I'm much more like Scotty.

Ovo nije poput toga. Ja sam više kao Scotty.

I like this equipment, you know, and I really value it

Znate, stvarno volim ovu opremu i zaista ju cijenim

so we're not going to burn the gear.

zato je nećemo spaliti.

But, if you were truly bold you could get it there, manufacture it,

Ali ako biste bili stvarno hrabri mogli bi je dostaviti tamo, pokrenuti proizvodnju,

and it would be the most dramatic demonstration

i to bi bila najdramatičnija demonstracija

that you could do something worthwhile off this planet

da stvarno možete napraviti nešto korisno izvan ovog planeta,

that has ever been done.

što nitko nije učinio prije vas.

There's a myth that you can't do anything in space

Postoji mit da se u svemiru ne može ništa napraviti

for less than a trillion dollars and 20 years.

za manje od trilijun dolara i 20 godina.

That's not true.

To nije istina.

In seven years, we could pull off

Za sedam godina, mogli bi ostvariti

an industrial mission to Shackleton and demonstrate

industrijsku misiju na Shackletonu i pokazati

that you could provide commercial reality out of this in low-earth orbit.

da se od ovoga može stvoriti komercijalna stvarnost u niskoj orbiti oko Zemlje.

We're living in one of the most exciting times in history.

Živimo u najuzbudljivijim vremenima u povijesti.

We're at a magical confluence where private wealth

Nalazimo se na čarobnom ušću privatnog bogatstva

and imagination are driving the demand for access to space.

u maštu, što dovodi do potražnje za pristupom svemiru.

The orbital refueling stations I've just described

Orbitalna crpka koju sam opisao

could create an entirely new industry and provide the final key

mogla bi stvoriti potpuno novu industriju i pružiti zadnju

for opening space to the general exploration.

kariku za otvaranje svemira za opće istraživanje.

To bust the paradigm a radically different approach is needed.

Kako bismo razbili paradigmu potreban je radikalno drugačiji pristup.

We can do it by jump-starting with an industrial

To možemo učiniti pomoću skoka naprijed sa

Lewis and Clark expedition to Shackleton crater,

industrijskom Lewis i Clark ekspedicijom u krater Shackleton,

to mine the moon for resources, and demonstrate

radi eksploatacije resursa na Mjesecu za resurse i pokazali

they can form the basis for a profitable business on orbit.

da to može biti osnova za profitabilne poslove u orbiti.

Talk about space always seems to be hung on ambiguities

Govor o svemiru se uvijek vrti oko nejasnoća

of purpose and timing.

svrhe i pravog trenutka.

I would like to close here by putting a stake in the sand at TED.

Završio bi zabijanjem kolca u pijesak ovdje na TED-u.

I intend to lead that expedition.

Ja namjeravam voditi tu ekspediciju.

(Applause)

(pljesak)

It can be done in seven years with the right backing.

Sa odgovarajućom podrškom to se može učiniti za sedam godina.

Those who join me in making it happen will become a part of history

Oni koji mi se pridruže u ovom pothvatu postat će dio povijesti

and join other bold individuals from time past

i tako se pridružiti drugim smjelim pojedincima iz prošlosti

who, had they been here today, would have heartily approved.

koji bi, da su ovdje danas, hrabro odobravali.

There was once a time when people did bold things to open the frontier.

Nekada su ljudi činili odvažne stvari kako bi pomakli granice.

We have collectively forgotten that lesson.

Mi smo kolektivno zaboravili tu lekciju.

Now we're at a time when boldness is required to move forward.

Nalazimo se u trenutku kada je potrebna odvažnost kako bi se pomakli naprijed.

100 years after Sir Ernest Shackleton wrote these words,

100 godina nakon što je Sir Ernest Shackleton napisao ove riječi,

I intend to plant an industrial flag on the moon

ja namjeravam zabiti industrijsku zastavu na Mjesec

and complete the final piece

i stvoriti posljednju kariku u lancu

that will open the space frontier, in our time, for all of us.

koja bi otvorila svemirska prostranstva, u našem vremenu, za sve nas.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(pljesak)