Inside the world's deepest caves | Bill Stone

82,182 views ・ 2007-06-28

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jinmyeong Jeong κ²€ν† : Sookjin Hyun
00:26
First place I'd like to take you
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μ œκ°€ λ¨Όμ € μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ λͺ¨μ‹œκ³  갈 곳은 λ°”λ‘œ
00:27
is what many believe will be the world's deepest natural abyss.
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μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κΉŠμ€ μ²œμ—° 동꡴이라 μ—¬κ²¨μ§€λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
And I say believe because this process is still ongoing.
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여겨진닀고 ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” μ§€κΈˆλ„ 탐사가 진행쀑이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
Right now there are major expeditions being planned for next year
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λ‹Ήμž₯ μ§€κΈˆλ„ 내년에 μžˆμ„ 큰 탐사가 κ³„νšλ˜κ³  있고
00:38
that I'll talk a little bit about.
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이걸 μ œκ°€ 쑰금 이야기해 λ“œλ¦¬λ„λ‘ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
One of the things that's changed here,
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μ₯΄ λ² λ₯Έμ΄ μ§€ν•˜κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μΌμ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ
00:42
in the last 150 years since Jules Verne
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μœ„λŒ€ν•œ SF적 κ°œλ…μ„ 보여쀀 이래둜 150년이 ν˜λ €λŠ”λ°
00:45
had great science-fiction concepts of what the underworld was like,
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κ·Έ λ™μ•ˆ 바뀐 것이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 그건 λ°”λ‘œ κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
is that technology has enabled us to go to these places
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기술의 힘으둜 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€ν•˜μ— λ‹€λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
that were previously completely unknown and speculated about.
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μ΄μ „μ—λŠ” μ „ν˜€ μ•Œλ €μ Έμžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ , μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 생각쑰차 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ κ³³ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
We can now descend thousands of meters into the Earth with relative impunity.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이제 λ•… 속 수천 λ―Έν„° μ•„λž˜λ‘œ 비ꡐ적 λ¬΄μ‚¬νžˆ λ‚΄λ €κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
Along the way we've discovered fantastic abysses and chambers so large
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μ§€ν•˜ μ„Έκ³„λ‘œ λ‚΄λ €κ°€λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν™˜μƒμ μΈ μ‹¬μ—°μ˜ 세계와, λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜λ„ λ„“μ–΄μ„œ
01:07
that you can see for hundreds of meters
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수백 λ―Έν„°λ₯Ό ν›€νžˆ λ‘˜λŸ¬λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”
01:09
without a break in the line of sight.
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κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 곡동을 λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
When you go on a thing like this, we can usually be in the field
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이런 νƒν—˜μ„ λ– λ‚  λ•Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 보톡 두 λ‹¬μ—μ„œ 넉 달 μ •λ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„
01:14
for anywhere from two to four months,
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μ κ²ŒλŠ” 슀물, μ„œλ₯Έ λͺ…, λ§Žκ²ŒλŠ” λ°±μ˜€μ‹­ λͺ… μ •λ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό
01:16
with a team as small as 20 or 30, to as big as 150.
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νƒν—˜ ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ μ§€λ‚΄κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
And a lot of people ask me, you know,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ €μ—κ²Œ λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
what kind of people do you get for a project like this?
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이런 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ— μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 데리고 κ°€λŠ”μ§€ 말이죠.
01:27
While our selection process
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저희가 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 과정은
01:30
is not as rigorous as NASA, it's nonetheless thorough.
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NASAλ§ŒνΌμ΄λ‚˜ κΉŒλ‹€λ‘­μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ, λ‚˜λ¦„λŒ€λ‘œ μ² μ €ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
We're looking for competence, discipline, endurance, and strength.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 기본적 λŠ₯λ ₯, 자기절제, 인내, 그리고 강인함을 μ ν•©ν•œ νŒ€μ›μ˜ 자질둜 λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
In case you're wondering, this is our strength test.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μžλ©΄ 이게 λ°”λ‘œ 우리의 체λ ₯ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:42
But we also value esprit de corps
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그와 λ™μ‹œμ— μš°λ¦¬λŠ” νŒ€ 정신을 μ€‘μš”νžˆ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³ 
01:46
and the ability to diplomatically resolve inter-personal conflict
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νƒν—˜μ΄λΌλŠ” 큰 슀트레슀λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ” μƒν™©μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” νŒ€μ›κ°„μ˜ κ°ˆλ“±μ„
01:50
while under great stress in remote locations.
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μ›λ§Œνžˆ ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ€‘μš”μ‹œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
We have already gone far beyond the limits of human endurance.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 인간이 인내할 수 μžˆλŠ” ν•œκ³„μ μ„ 크게 λ„˜μ–΄μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
From the entrance, this is nothing like a commercial cave.
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λ‹Ήμž₯ μž…κ΅¬μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° κ΄€κ΄‘μš© λ™κ΅΄κ³ΌλŠ” 크게 λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
You're looking at Camp Two in a place called J2, not K2, but J2.
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이게 Camp Twoμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. J2λΌλŠ” 곳에 있죠. K2κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
We're roughly two days from the entrance at that point.
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μž…κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ €κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ κ°€λŠ” 데 λŒ€λž΅ 이틀이 κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
And it's kind of like a high altitude mountaineering trip in reverse,
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높은 산을 λ‚΄λ €κ°€λŠ” κ³Όμ •κ³Ό λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
except that you're now running a string of these things down.
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μ €λŸ° 쀄을 타고 내렀와야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점만 λΉΌλ©΄ 말이죠.
02:16
The idea is to try to provide some measure of physical comfort
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저것은 μ–΄λŠ 정도 신체적인 νŽΈμ•ˆν•¨μ„ μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 것이죠.
02:20
while you're down there, otherwise in damp, moist, cold conditions in utterly dark places.
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μ•„λž˜λ‘œ λ‚΄λ €κ°€λ©΄ μΆ•μΆ•ν•˜κ³  μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  μΆ”μš°λ©° μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μ–΄λ‘‘κ±°λ“ μš”.
02:26
I should mention that everything you're seeing here, by the way,
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μ•„μ°Έ. 그리고 이 말씀은 μ•ˆ λ“œλ Έκ΅°μš”. μ§€κΈˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 보고 κ³„μ‹œλŠ”
02:29
is artificially illuminated at great effort.
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λͺ¨λ“  것은 큰 곡을 λ“€μ—¬ 인곡적으둜 μ‘°λͺ…을 λΉ„μΆ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Otherwise it is completely dark in these places.
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그렇지 μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ μ™„μ „νžˆ μ–΄λ‘μš΄ 곳이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
The deeper you go, the more you run into a conflict with water.
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더 깊이 λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆμˆ˜λ‘ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 물과의 μ „μŸμ„ ν”Όν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
It's basically like a tree collecting water coming down.
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λ‚˜λ¬΄κ°€ λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•œ 곳으둜 λͺ¨μœΌλ“―이, μ§€ν•˜λ„ 계속 물을 λͺ¨μλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
And eventually you get to places where it is formidable and dangerous
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결ꡭ은 μœ„ν˜‘μ μ΄κ³  μœ„ν—˜ν•œ μž₯μ†Œμ— λ„λ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ 되죠.
02:47
and unfortunately slides just don't do justice.
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λΆˆν–‰νžˆλ„ μ—¬κΈ° λΉ„νƒˆμ€ μ°Έ 인정사정 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
So I've got a very brief clip here that was taken in the late 1980s.
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μ—¬κΈ° 80λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ— 찍은 μ•„μ£Ό 짧은 μž₯면을 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
So descend into Huautla Plateau in Mexico.
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ˜ Huautla 고원을 λ‚΄λ €μ˜€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
(Video)
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(λΉ„λ””μ˜€ ν™”λ©΄)
03:02
Now I have to tell you that the techniques being shown here
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이 μž₯면에 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ€ 이미 ꡬ식이고
03:05
are obsolete and dangerous.
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맀우 μœ„ν—˜ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΌ­ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
We would not do this today unless we were doing it for film.
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μš”μ¦˜μ€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜ν™” μ°λŠ”κ²Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ©΄ 말이죠.
03:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:15
Along that same line, I have to tell you
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μ˜ν™”μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°κ°€ λ‚˜μ™”μœΌλ‹ˆ λ§μΈλ°μš”,
03:17
that with the spate of Hollywood movies that came out last year,
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μž‘λ…„μ— ν•œμ°Έ 많이 λ‚˜μ™”λ˜ ν—λ¦¬μš°λ“œ μ˜ν™”μ™€λŠ” λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ
03:20
we have never seen monsters underground --
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€ν•˜ κ΄΄λ¬Όλ”°μœ„λŠ” 본적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
at least the kind that eat you.
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적어도 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μž‘μ•„λ¨ΉλŠ” λ…€μ„λ“€μ€μš”.
03:26
If there is a monster underground,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ •λ§λ‘œ μ§€ν•˜μ— 괴물이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 그건 λ°”λ‘œ
03:30
it is the crushing psychological remoteness
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멀리 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” λ”μ°ν•œ 심리적 고립감일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
that begins to hit every member of the team
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그것은 λͺ¨λ“  ꡬ성원듀을 μ—„μŠ΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
once you cross about three days inbound from the nearest entrance.
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μž…κ΅¬μ—μ„œ 3일 정도 κ±Έλ¦¬λŠ” 지점뢀터 μ°Ύμ•„μ˜€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ£ .
03:40
Next year I'll be leading an international team to J2.
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내년에 λ‚˜λŠ” J2에 ꡭ제적 νŒ€μ„ 이끌고 갈 κ³„νšμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
We're going to be shooting from minus 2,600 meters --
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€ν•˜ 2600λ―Έν„°μ—μ„œ μ΄¬μ˜ν•  κ³„νšμ΄λ©°
03:46
that's a little over 8,600 feet down --
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ν”ΌνŠΈλ‘œλŠ” 8600ν”ΌνŠΈ 살짝 λ„˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ€€μΈλ°
03:49
at 30 kilometers from the entrance.
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μž…κ΅¬μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„°λŠ” 30ν‚¬λ‘œλ―Έν„°λ‚˜ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
The lead crews will be underground for pushing 30 days straight.
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μ£Όμš” λŒ€μ›λ“€μ€ 30일 κ°€λŸ‰ 계속 μ§€ν•˜μ— 있게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
I don't think there's been a mission like that in a long time.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κΈ΄ μž„λ¬΄λŠ” μ „μ—λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
Eventually, if you keep going down in these things,
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이런 곳을 계속 λ‚΄λ €κ°€λ‹€κ°€ 보면 κ²°κ΅­μ—λŠ”
04:00
probability says that you're going to run into a place like this.
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이와 같은 μž₯μ†Œμ— 이λ₯΄κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
It's a place where there's a fold in the geologic stratum
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이것은 μ§€μ§ˆν•™μ  단측 내에 움푹 파인 곳인데
04:07
that collects water and fills to the roof.
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이 μ•ˆμ—λŠ” 물이 κ³ μ—¬μ„œ 천μž₯κΉŒμ§€ 차게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
And when you used to find these things,
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이런 κ±Έ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜λ©΄
04:12
they would put a label on a map that said terminal siphon.
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지도상에 Terminal siphon이라 ν‘œμ‹œν•˜κ²Œ 되죠.
04:15
Now I remember that term really well for two reasons.
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μ œκ°€ 이 μš©μ–΄λ₯Ό 맀우 잘 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” λ°μ—λŠ” 크게 두 μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
Number one, it's the name of my rock band, and second,
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κ·Έ μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” Terminal siphon이 제 λ½λ°΄λ“œ μ΄λ¦„μ΄λΌλŠ” 것이고
04:20
is because the confrontation of these things
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λ‘˜μ§Έλ‘œ μ œκ°€ 이런 것과 맞λ‹₯뜨리면
04:23
forced me to become an inventor.
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발λͺ…κ°€κ°€ 될 μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
And we've since gone on to develop
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이런 곳을 νƒμ‚¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
04:28
many generations of gadgets for exploring places like this.
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μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό λͺ‡ 번이고 발λͺ…ν•΄ κ°œλŸ‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
This is some life-support equipment closed-cycle.
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이것은 μˆœν™˜μ‹ 생λͺ… μœ μ§€ μž₯λΉ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
And you can use that now to go for many kilometers horizontally
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λ¬Ό μ†μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μ‹¬ 200λ―Έν„°κΉŒμ§€, 그리고 μˆ˜ν‰μœΌλ‘œ 수 ν‚¬λ‘œλ―Έν„°κΉŒμ§€
04:37
underwater and to depths of 200 meters straight down underwater.
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μ΄λ™ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있죠.
04:41
When you do this kind of stuff it's like doing EVA.
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이건 마치 EVAλ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” 것과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
It's like doing extra-vehicular activity in space,
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EVAλž€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μš°μ£Όμ„  λ°”κΉ₯μ—μ„œ μž‘μ—…μ„ ν•˜λŠ” 건데
04:47
but at much greater distances, and at much greater physical peril.
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이건 그보닀 훨씬 λ¨Ό κ³³μ—μ„œ, 훨씬 μœ„ν—˜ν•œ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
So it makes you think about how to design your equipment
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μ•ˆμ „κ³ΌλŠ” 동떨어진 이런 κ³³μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό
04:53
for long range, away from a safe haven.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 섀계해야 ν•  지 κ³ λ―Όν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
Here's a clip from a National Geographic movie
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National Geographicμ—μ„œ 뽑은 짧은 μ˜μƒμ΄ ν•œ 토막 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
that came out in 1999.
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1999년에 λ‚˜μ˜¨ μž‘ν’ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
(Video) Narrator: Exploration is a physical process
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(λΉ„λ””μ˜€) ν•΄μ„€μž : νƒμ‚¬λŠ” 인간이 μ „ν˜€ λ°œμ„ 디디지 λͺ»ν•œ 곳에
05:02
of putting your foot in places where humans have never stepped before.
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ°œμ„ 올렀 λ†“λŠ” 신체적 과정이라 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.
05:06
This is where the last little nugget of totally unknown territory remains on this planet.
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이곳은 우리 행성에 μ•Œλ €μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 채 남아 μžˆλŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 지역이닀.
05:11
To experience it is a privilege.
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이것을 κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λΆ„λͺ… νŠΉκΆŒμ΄λ‹€.
05:18
Bill Stone: That was taken in Wakulla Springs, Florida.
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빌 μŠ€ν†€: 이 μ˜μƒμ€ ν”Œλ‘œλ¦¬λ‹€μ— μžˆλŠ” 와쿨라 μŠ€ν”„λ§μ—μ„œ μ΄¬μ˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Couple of things to note about that movie. Every piece of equipment
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이 μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©ν•  λ§Œν•œ 두 가지가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 여기에 λ“±μž₯ν•œ
05:26
that you saw in there did not exist before 1999.
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λͺ¨λ“  μž₯λΉ„λŠ” 1999λ…„ μ΄μ „μ—λŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ˜ κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
It was developed within a two-year period and used on actual exploratory projects.
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이 μž₯λΉ„λŠ” 2λ…„κ°„ κ°œλ°œλ˜μ–΄ μ‹€μ œ 탐사 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
05:33
This gadget you see right here was called the digital wall mapper,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ—¬κΈ° 이 μž₯λΉ„λŠ” 디지털 λ²½λ©΄ μ§€λ„μ œμž‘κΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:36
and it produced the first three-dimensional map anybody has ever done
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이 κΈ°κ΅¬λŠ” μ–΄λŠ λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ μ—¬νƒœκ» ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ λ™κ΅΄μ˜ 삼차원 지도λ₯Ό μ™„μ„±ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
05:40
of a cave, and it happened to be underwater in Wakulla Springs.
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κ·Έ 동꡴이 λ°”λ‘œ 와쿨라 μŠ€ν”„λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
It was that gadget that serendipitously opened a door
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이 μž₯μΉ˜λŠ” λœ»λ°–μ—λ„, 또 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ νƒμ‚¬λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€
05:47
to another unexplored world.
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μ„ΈμƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 문을 μ—΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
This is Europa.
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λͺ©μ„±μ˜ μœ„μ„± μ—μš°λ‘œνŒŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
Carolyn Porco mentioned another one called Enceladus the other day.
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μΉ΄λ‘€λ¦° 포λ₯΄μ½”λŠ” 또 ν† μ„±μ˜ μœ„μ„± μ—”μ…€λΌλ‘μŠ€μ—λ„ μ£Όλͺ©ν–ˆλŠ”데
05:56
This is one of the places where planetary scientists
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ν–‰μ„±κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 지ꡬ λ°”κΉ₯μ—μ„œ 졜초둜 생λͺ…체λ₯Ό
05:59
believe there is a highest probability of the detection
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λ°œκ²¬ν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 맀우 λ†’λ‹€κ³  μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” μœ„μΉ˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€
06:01
of the first life off earth in the ocean that exists below there.
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λ°”λ‘œ 이 μœ„μ„± ν‘œλ©΄ μ•„λž˜μ— νŽΌμ³μ§€λŠ” λ°”λ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
For those who have never seen this story,
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아직 이 μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό 보지 μ•ŠμœΌμ‹  뢄듀이 κ³„μ‹€ν…λ°μš”,
06:07
Jim Cameron produced a really wonderful IMAX movie
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짐 카메둠은 λͺ‡λ…„μ „ 정말 ν™˜μƒμ μΈ IMAX μ˜ν™”μΈ
06:10
couple of years ago, called "Aliens of the Deep."
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"에어리언 였브 더 λ”₯"을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
There was a brief clip --
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μž μ‹œ κ°μƒν•΄λ³΄μ‹œμ£ .
06:16
(Video) Narrator: A mission to explore under the ice of Europa
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(λΉ„λ””μ˜€) ν•΄μ„€μž: μ—μš°λ‘œνŒŒμ˜ λΉ™ν•˜ μ•„λž˜λ₯Ό νƒν—˜ν•˜λŠ” μž„λ¬΄λŠ”
06:18
would be the ultimate robotic challenge.
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λ‘œλ΄‡κ³΅ν•™μ˜ ν•œκ³„μ— λ„μ „ν•˜λŠ” ν–‰μœ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
Europa is so far away that even at the speed of light,
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μ—μš°λ‘œνŒŒλŠ” λΉ›μ˜ μ†λ„λ‘œλ„ λ¨Ό 거리에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
it would take more than an hour for the command just to reach the vehicle.
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λͺ…λ Ήμ–΄κ°€ λ‘œλ΄‡μ—κ²Œ λ„μ°©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλ§Œ 해도 ν•œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ λ„˜κ²Œ κ±Έλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
It has to be smart enough to avoid terrain hazards
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ μ§€ν˜•μ„ ν”Όν•  수 있고
06:37
and to find a good landing site on the ice.
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μ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° 쒋은 지점을 찾을 수 μžˆμ„ μ •λ„λ‘œ λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:49
Now we have to get through the ice.
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이제 λΉ™ν•˜λ₯Ό 톡과해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
You need a melt probe.
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μ–ΌμŒμ„ 뚫고 λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ 탐침이 ν•„μš”ν•œλ°μš”.
06:54
It's basically a nuclear-heated torpedo.
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μ›μžλ ₯을 μ΄μš©ν•œ λ°œμ—΄λ‘œ 뚫고 λ‚΄λ €κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:07
The ice could be anywhere from three to 16 miles deep.
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μ–ΌμŒμ˜ λ‘κ»˜λŠ” λŠ” 5kmμ—μ„œ 25kmκΉŒμ§€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œλ°,
07:11
Week after week, the melt probe will sink of its own weight
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μˆ˜μ£ΌμΌμ— 걸쳐 이 μž₯λΉ„λŠ” 슀슀둜의 λ¬΄κ²Œμ— μ˜ν•΄ κ°€λΌμ•‰κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
through the ancient ice, until finally --
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λΉ™ν•˜λ₯Ό κ΄€ν†΅ν• λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 말이죠.
07:23
Now, what are you going to do when you reach the surface of that ocean?
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자, μˆ˜λ©΄μ— λ„λ‹¬ν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
07:29
You need an AUV, an autonomous underwater vehicle.
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AUV, 즉 자율 μž μˆ˜μ •μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
It needs to be one smart puppy, able to navigate
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이 μž μˆ˜μ •μ€ μ˜λ¦¬ν•œ κ°•μ•„μ§€μ²˜λŸΌ 슀슀둜 길을 찾을 수 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:36
and make decisions on its own in an alien ocean.
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바닀괴물을 λ§Œλ‚˜λ„ 슀슀둜 λŒ€μ²˜ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ•Όμ£ .
07:41
BS: What Jim didn't know when he released that movie
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빌 μŠ€ν†€: μ΄μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό κ°œλ΄‰ν–ˆμ„λ‹Ήμ‹œ 짐 카메둠이 λͺ°λžλ˜ 사싀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
was that six months earlier NASA had funded a team I assembled
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κ°œλ΄‰ 6κ°œμ›”μ „ 이미 NASAκ°€ μ œκ°€ λͺ¨μ€ νŒ€μ— νˆ¬μžν•˜μ—¬
07:48
to develop a prototype for the Europa AUV.
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μ—μš°λ‘œνŒŒλ‘œ λ– λ‚  AUV의 초기λͺ¨λΈμ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
I mean, I cut through three years of engineering meetings, design
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그리고 3λ…„κ°„ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 기술회의, 섀계 및 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œν†΅ν•©μ„ 거쳐
07:56
and system integration, and introduced DEPTHX --
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심해 지측 μ—΄ 탐사기인 DEPTHXλ₯Ό
07:59
Deep Phreatic Thermal Explorer.
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μ„ λ³΄μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
And as the movie says, this is one smart puppy.
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μ˜ν™”μ—μ„œ λ§ν•œκ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ ν•œλ§ˆλ¦¬ μ˜λ¦¬ν•œ 강아지죠.
08:04
It's got 96 sensors, 36 onboard computers,
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DEPTHXλŠ” 96개의 μ„Όμ„œμ™€ 36개의 μ˜¨λ³΄λ“œ 컴퓨터λ₯Ό νƒ‘μž¬ν•˜κ³  있으며,
08:09
100,000 lines of behavioral autonomy code,
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κ±°κΈ°λ‹€κ°€ 10λ§Œμ€„μ— 이λ₯΄λŠ” μžμœ¨ν–‰λ™μ½”λ“œμ™€
08:12
packs more than 10 kilos of TNT in electrical onboard equivalent.
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10ν‚¬λ‘œκ°€ λ„˜λŠ” TNTκ°€ νƒ‘μž¬λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:17
This is the target site,
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이곳이 λͺ©ν‘œμž₯μ†Œλ‘œ
08:19
the world's deepest hydrothermal spring at Cenote Zacaton in northern Mexico.
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λ©•μ‹œμ½” λΆλΆ€μ˜ μžμΉ΄ν†€ μ„νšŒμš°λ¬Όμ΄λΌλŠ” μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κΉŠμ€ μ˜¨μ²œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:24
It's been explored to a depth of 292 meters
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이곳은 아직 292λ―Έν„°κΉŒμ§€λ§Œ νƒμ‚¬λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
08:27
and beyond that nobody knows anything.
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더 κΉŠμ€ 곳에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ•„λŠ” 것이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
This is part of DEPTHX's mission.
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λ°”λ‘œ 이곳을 νƒμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 DEPTHX의 μž„λ¬΄ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
There are two primary targets we're doing here.
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이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 크게 두 가지λ₯Ό κ³ λ―Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
One is, how do you do science autonomy underground?
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μ§€ν•˜μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 자율적으둜 과학을 연ꡬ할 것인가?
08:36
How do you take a robot and turn it into a field microbiologist?
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즉 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ ν˜„μž₯ λ―Έμƒλ¬Όν•™μžλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΉŒ ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
There are more stages involved here
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이 λ¬Έμ œμ—” 이 μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ‹€ μ¨μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ €λ„ λͺ¨μžλž„
08:42
than I've got time to tell you about, but basically we drive
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 단계듀이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, 기본적으둜 ν•˜λŠ” 일은
08:44
through the space, we populate it with environmental variables --
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ 곡간을 νƒμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μ£Όλ³€ λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
sulphide, halide, things like that.
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ν™©ν™”λ¬Ό, ν• λ‘œκ²ν™”λ¬Όκ³Ό 같은 것듀 말이죠.
08:50
We calculate gradient surfaces, and drive the bot over to a wall
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν‘œλ©΄μ˜ 변화도λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•΄μ„œ, λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ 생λͺ…체가 μ‘΄μž¬ν• 
08:53
where there's a high probability of life.
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κ°€λŠ₯성이 높은 곳으둜 κ°€κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
We move along the wall, in what's called proximity operations,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒ‰μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 벽을 λ”°λΌμ„œ μ›€μ§μ˜€κ³ 
08:57
looking for changes in color.
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이걸 κ·Όμ ‘μ„± μž‘μ „μ΄λΌ λΆˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:59
If we see something that looks interesting, we pull it into a microscope.
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μ΄λŸ¬λ‹€κ°€ ν₯미둜운 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ²Œ 되면, ν˜„λ―Έκ²½ μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ 끌고 였죠.
09:02
If it passes the microscopic test, we go for a collection.
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λ§Œμ•½ ν˜„λ―Έκ²½ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό ν†΅κ³Όν•˜λ©΄, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ μˆ˜μ§‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:06
We either draw in a liquid sample,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 앑체 μƒ˜ν”Œμ„ 뽑아 내기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:08
or we can actually take a solid core from the wall.
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ν˜Ήμ€ λ²½μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 고체 핡을 μΆ”μΆœν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:11
No hands at the wheel.
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이 λͺ¨λ“  과정은
09:12
This is all behavioral autonomy here
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ°œμž…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 채
09:14
that's being conducted by the robot on its own.
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ 자율적으둜 νŒλ‹¨ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
The real hat trick for this vehicle, though,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이 μž μˆ˜μ •μ˜ μ§„μˆ˜λŠ”
09:19
is a disruptive new navigation system we've developed,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°œλ°œν•œ μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨ ν•­ν•΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 3D SLAM으둜
09:22
known as 3D SLAM, for simultaneous localization and mapping.
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SLAM은 λ™μ‹œ μΈ‘λŸ‰ 및 지도 μ œμž‘μ˜ μ•½μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:26
DEPTHX is an all-seeing eyeball.
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DEPTHXλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  λ°©ν–₯을 λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
Its sensor beams look both forward and backward at the same time,
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μ„Όμ„œκ°€ μ•žκ³Ό λ’€λ₯Ό λ™μ‹œμ— λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”λ° 이 덕뢄에
09:32
allowing it to do new exploration
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이미 μ§€λ‚˜μ˜¨ 곳의 μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ„Όμ„œλ‘œ κ³ μ •ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
09:35
while it's still achieving geometric sensor-lock
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계속 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 곳을 νƒν—˜ν•  수
09:37
on what it's gone through already.
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있게 되죠.
09:38
What I'm going to show you next
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ 것은
09:41
is the first fully autonomous robotic exploration underground
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μ™„μ „ μžμœ¨ν˜• λ‘œλ΄‡μ— μ˜ν•œ
09:45
that's ever been done.
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졜초의 μ§€ν•˜ νƒμ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
This May, we're going to go from minus 1,000 meters in Zacaton,
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μ˜€λŠ” 5월에 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μžμΉ΄ν†€μ˜ μ§€ν•˜ 천 λ―Έν„°μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν• ν…λ°
10:39
and if we're very lucky, DEPTHX will bring back the first
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운이 μ’‹λ‹€λ©΄ DEPTHXκ°€ 세계 졜초둜 λ‘œλ΄‡μ— μ˜ν•΄ 발견된
10:42
robotically-discovered division of bacteria.
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λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό 가지고 λŒμ•„μ˜€κ²Œ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:45
The next step after that is to test it in Antartica and then,
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” λ‚¨κ·Ήμ—μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•  μ˜ˆμ •μ΄κ³ ,
10:48
if the funding continues and NASA has the resolution to go,
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λ§Œμ•½ 자금이 μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜κ³  NASA의 결심이 μ„ λ‹€λ©΄
10:51
we could potentially launch by 2016, and by 2019
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2016년에 λ‘œμΌ“μ„ λ°œμ‚¬ν•΄, 2019λ…„μ—λŠ”
10:55
we may have the first evidence of life off this planet.
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지ꡬ외 생λͺ…μ²΄μ˜ 졜초의 흔적을 찾게 될지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
10:59
What then of manned space exploration?
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유인 우주 νƒμ‚¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
11:04
The government recently announced plans to return to the moon by 2024.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆ 전에 2024λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 달에 ν•œλ²ˆ 더 κ°€κ² λ‹€λŠ” κ³„νšμ„ λ°œν‘œν–ˆμ£ .
11:08
The successful conclusion of that mission will result
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이 κ³„νšμ΄ μ„±κ³΅ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것은 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν• κΉŒμš”?
11:11
in infrequent visitation of the moon by a small number
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λͺ‡ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” μ •λΆ€ κ³Όν•™μžμ™€ λ‘œμΌ“ μŠΉλ¬΄μ›μ΄
11:15
of government scientists and pilots.
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달에 κ°„κ°„νžˆ λ°©λ¬Έν•˜λŠ” 정도일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:17
It will leave us no further along in the general expansion
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50λ…„ μ „κ³Ό 비ꡐ할 λ•Œ λ²” 인λ₯˜μ˜ 우주 μ§„μΆœμ€
11:21
of humanity into space than we were 50 years ago.
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그닀지 진전이 μ—†λŠ” μƒνƒœλ‘œ λ‚¨κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:24
Something fundamental has to change
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근본적인 λ³€ν™”κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:26
if we are to see common access to space in our lifetime.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μš°μ£Όμ— 자유둭게 κ°€κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ 말이죠.
11:29
What I'm going to show you next are a couple of controversial ideas.
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λ…Όλž€μ˜ 여지가 μžˆλŠ” 아이디어 λͺ‡ 개λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:33
And I hope you'll bear with me and have some faith
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미심쩍더라도 쑰금 μ°Έκ³  제 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ³ 
11:35
that there's credibility behind what we're going to say here.
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이 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ν•˜λŠ” κ·Όκ±°κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―Ώμ–΄μ£Όμ‹œλ©΄ κ°μ‚¬ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
There are three underpinnings of working in space privately.
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μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 우주λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ„Έ 가지 기반이 κ°–μΆ°μ Έμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:46
One of them is the requirement
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κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ 합리적인 κ°€κ²©μ˜
11:48
for economical earth-to-space transport.
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우주-지상 κ°„ κ΅ν†΅μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄μ£ .
11:51
The Bert Rutans and Richard Bransons of this world
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λ°”λ‘œ λ²„νŠΈ 루탄과 λ¦¬μ²˜λ“œ 브랜슨이 이것을 μ‹œμ•Όμ— 두고 있으며
11:54
have got this in their sights and I salute them.
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μ €λŠ” 그듀을 μ‘΄κ²½ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:56
Go, go, go.
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μ’‹μ•˜μ–΄, λ©‹μ§€κ²Œ ν•΄μΉ˜μ›Œ 달라ꡬ.
11:58
The next thing we need are places to stay on orbit.
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— ν•„μš”ν•œ 것이 쀑λ ₯κΆ€λ„μƒμ—μ„œ λ¨Έλ¬Ό κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:01
Orbital hotels to start with, but workshops for the rest of us later on.
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μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” ꢀ도 ν˜Έν…”λ‘œ μΆœλ°œν•΄μ„œ, λ‚˜μ€‘μ—λŠ” μž‘μ—…μž₯이 되겠죠.
12:04
The final missing piece, the real paradigm-buster, is this:
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λͺ¨μžλž€ 쑰각이자 진정 νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ„ κΉ¨λŠ” 것은
12:10
a gas station on orbit.
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λ°”λ‘œ ꢀ도 μ£Όμœ μ†Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:13
It's not going to look like that.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μƒκΈ°μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜κ² μ§€λ§Œ 말이죠.
12:15
If it existed, it would change all future spacecraft design and space mission planning.
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ꢀ도 μ£Όμœ μ†Œμ˜ μ‘΄μž¬λŠ” μš°μ£Όμ„  섀계와 우주 μž„λ¬΄ κ³„νšμ„ 솑두리째 λ°”κΏ€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:21
Now, to give you a chance to understand
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μ œκ°€ μ™œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ νž˜μ£Όμ–΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
12:24
why there is power in that statement,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ„μ™€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:27
I've got to give you the basics of Space 101.
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μš°μ£Όν•™κ°œλ‘ μ΄λΌκ³ λ‚˜ ν• κΉŒμš”?
12:29
And the first thing is everything you do in space you pay by the kilogram.
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첫째, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  ν™œλ™μ˜ λŒ€κ°€λŠ” ν‚¬λ‘œκ·Έλž¨λ‹¨μœ„λ‘œ μ§€λΆˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:37
Anybody drink one of these here this week?
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이 물을 λ§ˆμ‹  λΆ„ κ³„μ‹ λ‚˜μš”?
12:40
You'd pay 10,000 dollars for that in orbit.
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œλŠ” μ²œλ§Œμ›μ§œλ¦¬κ°€ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:44
That's more than you pay for TED,
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TED 등둝비보닀 λΉ„μ‹Έκ΅°μš”.
12:46
if Google dropped their sponsorship.
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ꡬ글 후원이 μ—†λ‹€λ©΄ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ.
12:48
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:51
The second is more than 90 percent of the weight of a vehicle is in propellant.
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λ‘˜μ§Έ, μš°μ£Όμ„  μ€‘λŸ‰μ˜ 90% 이상이 μ—°λ£Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:56
Thus, every time you'd want to do anything in space,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•΄μ„œ
13:00
you are literally blowing away enormous sums of money
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앑셀을 λ°Ÿμ„ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ 말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ–‘μ˜ λˆμ„
13:04
every time you hit the accelerator.
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μš°μ£Όμ— μŸμ•„λ²„λ¦¬κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:06
Not even the guys at Tesla can fight that physics.
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μ „κΈ° μžλ™μ°¨ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ„ 이건 λͺ» λ‹Ήν•˜μ£ .
13:09
So, what if you could get your gas at a 10th the price?
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—°λ£Œ 가격이 10λΆ„μ˜ 1 μˆ˜μ€€μ΄λΌλ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
13:15
There is a place where you can.
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이럴 수 μžˆλŠ” μž₯μ†Œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:18
In fact, you can get it better -- you can get it at 14 times lower
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” 14λΆ„μ˜ 1κΉŒμ§€ 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:21
if you can find propellant on the moon.
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λ‹¬μ—μ„œ μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό 찾을 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 말이죠.
13:24
There is a little-known mission that was launched
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λ―Έ ꡭ방성이 13λ…„ 전에 κ°œμ‹œν•œ 잘 μ•Œλ €μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ€
13:26
by the Pentagon, 13 years ago now, called Clementine.
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ν΄λ ˆλ©˜νƒ€μΈμ΄λΌλŠ” ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:30
And the most amazing thing that came out of that mission
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이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ κ²°κ³Ό 쀑 κ°€μž₯ λ†€λΌμš΄ 것은 λ‹¬μ˜ λ‚¨κ·Ήμ˜
13:33
was a strong hydrogen signature at Shackleton crater
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섀클턴 ν¬λ ˆμ΄ν„°μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μ†Œ λ°˜μ‘μ΄ κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ
13:36
on the south pole of the moon.
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λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
That signal was so strong,
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10쑰톀 규λͺ¨μ˜ 물이
13:40
it could only have been produced by 10 trillion tons of water
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μˆ˜μ–΅λ…„μ— 걸쳐 달에 μΆ©λŒν•œ μ†Œν–‰μ„±κ³Ό ν˜œμ„±μ˜ 퇴적물듀 μ•„λž˜μ—
13:44
buried in the sediment, collected over millions and billions of years
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λ¬»ν˜€μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ°–μ—λŠ” μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 없을 μ •λ„λ‘œ
13:48
by the impact of asteroids and comet material.
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정말 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μˆ˜μ†Œ λ°˜μ‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:55
If we're going to get that, and make that gas station possible,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έκ±Έ 손에 λ„£κ³  ꢀ도 μ£Όμœ μ†Œλ₯Ό κ°€λŠ₯μΌ€ ν•˜λ €λ©΄
13:59
we have to figure out ways to move large volumes of payload through space.
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λΆ€ν”Όκ°€ 큰 짐을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μš΄λ°˜ν• μ§€λ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:02
We can't do that right now.
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯은 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:04
The way you normally build a system right now is you have a tube stack
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 건 짐을 원톡에 μŒ“μ•„μ„œ
14:07
that has to be launched from the ground,
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μ§€μƒμ—μ„œ μ˜μ•„μ˜¬λ¦¬λŠ”
14:09
and resist all kinds of aerodynamic forces.
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κ³΅κΈ°μ €ν•­μ΄λž€ 곡기저항은 λ‹€ 맞λ‹₯λœ¨λ¦¬λŠ” 방법이죠.
14:11
We have to beat that.
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더 λ‚˜μ€ 방법이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:13
We can do it because in space there are no aerodynamics.
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μš°μ£Όμ—λŠ” 곡기가 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 더 λ‚˜μ€ 방법을 μ“Έ 수 있죠.
14:16
We can go and use inflatable systems for almost everything.
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기ꡬλ₯Ό 거의 λͺ¨λ“  곳에 ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:20
This is an idea that, again, came out of Livermore back in 1989,
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이 μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” 1989년에 λ‘œμ›° μš°λ“œ λ°•μ‚¬μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ΄
14:24
with Dr. Lowell Wood's group.
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λ¦¬λ²„λ¬΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ œμ•ˆν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:26
And we can extend that now to just about everything.
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μ§€κΈˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 아이디어λ₯Ό 어디에든 ν™•μž₯μ‹œν‚¬ 수 있죠.
14:30
Bob Bigelow currently has a test article in the orbit.
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ν˜„μž¬ λ°₯ λΉ„κΈ€λ‘œλΌλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ‹€ν—˜μš© 비행체λ₯Ό ꢀ도에 λ„μ›Œ λ†¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:32
We can go much further.
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쑰금 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€μ„œ
14:33
We can build space tugs, orbiting platforms for holding cryogens and water.
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우주 μ˜ˆμΈμ„ μ΄λ‚˜, κ·Ήμ €μ˜¨μœ μ²΄μ™€ 물을 보관할 ꢀ도 ν”Œλž«νΌλ„ 지을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:38
There's another thing.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 게 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:40
When you're coming back from the moon,
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λ‹¬μ—μ„œ λŒμ•„μ˜¬ λ•Œμ—λŠ”
14:42
you have to deal with orbital mechanics.
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ꢀ도역학과 씨름해야 ν•˜μ£ .
14:44
It says you're moving 10,000 feet per second faster
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μ£Όμœ μ†ŒκΉŒμ§€ λŒμ•„κ°€λŠ”λ° ν•„μš”ν•œ 속도보닀
14:46
than you really want to be to get back to your gas station.
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3km/s 더 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ£Όμœ μ†Œμ— μ ‘κ·Όν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•΄ 보죠.
14:49
You got two choices.
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두 가지 선택이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:51
You can burn rocket fuel to get there, or you can do something really incredible.
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μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό λΆ„μ‚¬ν•΄μ„œ 속도λ₯Ό μ‘°μ ˆν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, 정말 믿기지 μ•ŠλŠ” 일을 ν•  μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
14:55
You can dive into the stratosphere,
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일단 λŒ€κΈ°κΆŒμ— μ§„μž…ν•œ λ‹€μŒ
14:57
and precisely dissipate that velocity, and come back out to the space station.
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μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ 속도λ₯Ό μ€„μ—¬μ„œ, 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯으둜 λ³΅κ·€ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:01
It has never been done.
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아무도 μ„±κ³΅ν•œ 적이 μ—†μ£ .
15:02
It's risky and it's going to be one hell of a ride --
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맀우 μœ„ν—˜ν•˜κ³  정말 슀릴 λ„˜μΉ˜λŠ” νƒˆκ²ƒμ΄ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:06
better than Disney.
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λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œλ³΄λ‹€ μž¬λ°Œκ² κ΅°μš”.
15:08
The traditional approach to space exploration
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μš°μ£Όνƒμ‚¬μ˜ 전톡적 μ ‘κ·Ό 방식은
15:10
has been that you carry all the fuel you need
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μŠΉλ¬΄μ› 전원이 μ§€κ΅¬λ‘œ λŒμ•„μ˜€κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό
15:12
to get everybody back in case of an emergency.
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λΉ„μƒμ‚¬νƒœκΉŒμ§€ κ³ λ €ν•΄μ„œ μ „λΆ€ μ‹£κ³  κ°€λŠ” κ±°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:14
If you try to do that for the moon,
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λ‹¬κΉŒμ§€ κ°€λŠ”λ° 그런 짓을 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
15:16
you're going to burn a billion dollars in fuel alone sending a crew out there.
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ν•œ λͺ…을 λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ”λ°λ„ μˆ˜μ‘°μ›μ–΄μΉ˜ μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό νƒœμ›Œλ²„λ¦΄ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
But if you send a mining team there,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ 채꡴ νŒ€μ„ 보낸닀면,
15:22
without the return propellant, first --
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μ—°λ£ŒλŠ” νŽΈλ„ 만큼만...
15:24
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:29
Did any of you guys hear the story of Cortez?
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에λ₯΄λ‚œ μ½”λ₯΄ν…ŒμŠ€κ°€ μ•„μ¦ˆν…μ„ μ •λ³΅ν•˜λŸ¬ 갈 λ•Œ μ–΄λ• λŠ”μ§€ μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
15:33
This is not like that. I'm much more like Scotty.
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μ „ 그런 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μŠ€νƒ€νŠΈλž™μ— λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” 기관사 μŠ€μ½”ν‹°λΌλ©΄ λͺ¨λ₯ΌκΉŒμš”.
15:35
I like this equipment, you know, and I really value it
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μ „ 이 μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ³ , 정말 λ†’κ²Œ ν‰κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:38
so we're not going to burn the gear.
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μš°μ£Όμ„ μ΄ λΆˆνƒ€κ²Œ λ†”λ‘˜ 생각은 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:40
But, if you were truly bold you could get it there, manufacture it,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ§Œμ•½, 정말 μš©κ°ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 이 μš°μ£Όμ„ μœΌλ‘œ 달에 λ„λ‹¬ν•΄μ„œ
15:44
and it would be the most dramatic demonstration
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μ—°λ£ŒκΈ°μ§€λ₯Ό 건섀해낸닀면, 그것은 지ꡬ λ°”κΉ₯μ—μ„œ λ²Œμ–΄μ§„
15:46
that you could do something worthwhile off this planet
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λͺ¨λ“  일듀 μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ κ°€μž₯ κ°€μΉ˜μžˆμœΌλ©΄μ„œλ„ 극적인 일을
15:48
that has ever been done.
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λͺΈμ†Œ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것이라 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:50
There's a myth that you can't do anything in space
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 1000쑰원 μ•„λž˜, 20λ…„ μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œλŠ”
15:53
for less than a trillion dollars and 20 years.
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아무것도 ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 미신이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:57
That's not true.
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κ²°μ½” 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:58
In seven years, we could pull off
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7λ…„ μ•ˆμ— μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 섀클턴 ν¬λ ˆμ΄ν„°λ‘œ κ°€λŠ”
16:00
an industrial mission to Shackleton and demonstrate
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산업적인 μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό κ°œμ‹œν•  것이며, 지ꡬ λŒ€κΈ°κΆŒ λ°”κΉ₯μ—μ„œλ„
16:02
that you could provide commercial reality out of this in low-earth orbit.
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μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ 상업적 κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό 생산해 λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ‹œμ—°ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:07
We're living in one of the most exciting times in history.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ 역사상 κ°€μž₯ ν₯미둜운 μ‹œκ°„λŒ€μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:10
We're at a magical confluence where private wealth
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ 개인의 뢀와 상상λ ₯의 λ§ˆμˆ κ³Όλ„ 같은 μœ΅ν•©μ΄
16:12
and imagination are driving the demand for access to space.
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인λ₯˜λ₯Ό 우주둜 이끌고 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œλŒ€μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:16
The orbital refueling stations I've just described
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μ œκ°€ 방금 μ„€λͺ…λ“œλ¦° ꢀ도 κΈ‰μœ  μ •κ±°μž₯은
16:19
could create an entirely new industry and provide the final key
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 산업을 μ°½μΆœν•˜κ³ , ν‰λ²”ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄
16:22
for opening space to the general exploration.
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우주λ₯Ό νƒν—˜ν•˜λŠ”λ° ν•„μš”ν•œ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ—΄μ‡ λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:26
To bust the paradigm a radically different approach is needed.
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νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ„ λ’€μ—ŽκΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” κ·Όλ³ΈλΆ€ν„° λ‹€λ₯Έ 접근방식이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:30
We can do it by jump-starting with an industrial
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λ£¨μ΄μŠ€μ™€ 클락의 λ―Έ μ„œλΆ€ κ°œμ²™μ„ 쑰금 μ‚°μ—…μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‘μš©ν•΄,
16:32
Lewis and Clark expedition to Shackleton crater,
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νƒμ‚¬λŒ€λ₯Ό 섀클턴 ν¬λ ˆμ΄ν„°λ‘œ νŒŒκ²¬ν•΄ λ‹¬μ˜ 광물을 μ±„μ·¨ν•˜κ³ 
16:35
to mine the moon for resources, and demonstrate
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 사업을 ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ·Όκ±°λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
16:37
they can form the basis for a profitable business on orbit.
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μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ ‘κ·Όν•΄ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:41
Talk about space always seems to be hung on ambiguities
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μš°μ£Όμ— κ΄€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ λͺ©μ κ³Ό μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ• λ§€ν•΄μ§€λŠ”
16:44
of purpose and timing.
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κ²½μš°κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:46
I would like to close here by putting a stake in the sand at TED.
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이곳 TED의 λͺ¨λž˜μ— λͺ»μ„ 박아두고 끝맺도둝 ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:51
I intend to lead that expedition.
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μ œκ°€ 이 탐사λ₯Ό μ΄λŒκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:53
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
17:01
It can be done in seven years with the right backing.
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μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 지원이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 7λ…„ μ•ˆμ— μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:04
Those who join me in making it happen will become a part of history
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이 일이 이루어지도둝 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜μ‹  뢄듀은 μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ 일뢀가 될 것이고
17:08
and join other bold individuals from time past
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과거의 λŒ€λ‹΄ν•œ μœ„μΈλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 기얡될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:10
who, had they been here today, would have heartily approved.
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과거의 μœ„μΈλ“€λ„ 이 μžλ¦¬μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄ 제게 λ™μ˜ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:15
There was once a time when people did bold things to open the frontier.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 경계선을 λ„“νžˆκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λŒ€λ‹΄ν•œ 일을 벌이던 μ‹œμ ˆμ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:20
We have collectively forgotten that lesson.
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μ§€κΈˆ 우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” κ·Έ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:25
Now we're at a time when boldness is required to move forward.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ μ „μ§„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λŒ€λ‹΄ν•΄μ Έμ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œλŒ€μ— 와 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:31
100 years after Sir Ernest Shackleton wrote these words,
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μ–΄λ‹ˆμŠ€νŠΈ 섀클턴 경이 이 말을 남기고 100년이 μ§€λ‚˜μ„œ,
17:35
I intend to plant an industrial flag on the moon
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μ €λŠ” 달에 μ‚°μ—…μ˜ κΉƒλ°œμ„ 꽂고
17:37
and complete the final piece
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우리 μ‹œλŒ€μ—, 우리 λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
17:40
that will open the space frontier, in our time, for all of us.
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우주λ₯Ό κ°œμ²™ν•˜λŠ”λ° ν•„μš”ν•œ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 쑰각을 μ™„μ„±ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:44
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:45
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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