Bobby Ghosh: Why global jihad is losing

45,704 views ・ 2012-12-03

TED


Palun tehke topeltklõps allpool olevatel ingliskeelsetel subtiitritel, et mängida videot.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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Translator: Karin Leivategija Reviewer: Aari Lemmik
Räägin teile ühe sõna jõust:
00:16
I'm going to talk about the power of a word:
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džihaad.
00:19
jihad.
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Suuremale osale tõsiusklikest moslemitest
00:22
To the vast majority of practicing Muslims,
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tähendab džihaad sisemist võitlust usu eest.
00:26
jihad is an internal struggle for the faith.
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Inimese sisemist võitlust pahede, patu,
00:30
It is a struggle within, a struggle against vice, sin,
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kiusatuse, himu ja apluse vastu.
See on vaeva nägemine selle nimel,
00:35
temptation, lust, greed.
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00:37
It is a struggle to try and live a life
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et elada nii, nagu sätestavad Koraani moraalireeglid.
00:41
that is set by the moral codes written in the Koran.
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Oma esialgses tähenduses on džihaad moslemitele sama oluline
00:48
In that original idea, the concept of jihad is as important
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kui jumala arm on kristlastele.
00:53
to Muslims as the idea of grace is to Christians.
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Džihaad on suure väega sõna, kui sellest aspektist vaadata,
00:59
It's a very powerful word, jihad, if you look at it in that respect,
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millel on isegi teatud müstiline alatoon.
01:03
and there's a certain almost mystical resonance to it.
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Sel põhjusel on moslemid juba aastasadu
oma lastele nimeks pannud Džihaad,
01:08
And that's the reason why, for hundreds of years,
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nii tütardele kui poegadele,
01:10
Muslims everywhere have named their children Jihad,
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samuti nagu kristlased panevad tütarde nimeks Grace
01:13
their daughters as much as their sons, in the same way
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01:15
that, say, Christians name their daughters Grace,
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ja hindud, minu rahvas, panevad tütardele nimeks Bhakti,
01:19
and Hindus, my people, name our daughters Bhakti,
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mis tähendab sanskriti keeles sügavat sisemist usu.
01:23
which means, in Sanskrit, spiritual worship.
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Aga moslemite seas on alati olnud neid,
01:29
But there have always been, in Islam, a small group,
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kes usuvad, et džihaad pole vaid sisemine vaid ka väljapoole suunatud võitlus
01:31
a minority, who believe that jihad
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01:34
is not only an internal struggle but also an external struggle
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selliste jõudude vastu,
mis ohustavad usku või usklikke.
01:37
against forces that would threaten the faith, or the faithul.
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Ja mõned arvavad, et sellises võitluses
01:43
And some of these people believe that in that struggle,
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tohib vahel kasutada ka relva.
01:46
it is sometimes okay to take up arms.
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Sedasi mõtlesid tuhanded noored moslemid,
kes suundusid 1980ndatel Afganistani,
01:50
And so the thousands of young Muslim men
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et võidelda Nõukogude Liidu vastu, kes oli okupeerinud islamiriigi.
01:53
who flocked to Afghanistan in the 1980s
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01:56
to fight against the Soviet occupation of a Muslim country,
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Nad uskusid, et peavad püha sõda,
01:59
in their minds they were fighting a jihad,
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nende siht oli džihaad
ja nad nimetasid end mudžahediinideks,
02:02
they were doing jihad,
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02:04
and they named themselves the Mujahideen,
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mis on tuletatud samas sõnast kui džihaad.
02:07
which is a word that comes from the same root as jihad.
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Seda ei mäletata enam, aga tollal
peeti mudžahediinidest siin Ameerikas väga lugu.
02:12
And we forget this now, but back then
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02:15
the Mujahideen were celebrated in this country, in America.
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Pidasime neid pühasõdalasteks, kes võitlesid uskmatute kommunistide vastu.
02:19
We thought of them as holy warriors who were taking
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02:21
the good fight to the ungodly communists.
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Ameerika andis neile relvi, raha, toetas ja julgustas neid.
02:25
America gave them weapons, gave them money,
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02:27
gave them support, encouragement.
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Aga selles grupis oli üks väiksem grupp,
väiksem vähemus sellest vähemusest,
02:30
But within that group, a tiny, smaller group,
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02:32
a minority within a minority within a minority,
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kes käivitas uue vägivaldse versiooni
02:36
were coming up with a new and dangerous
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džihaadi kontseptsioonist.
02:39
conception of jihad,
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Ühel hetkel sai selle grupi juhiks Osama bin Laden,
02:42
and in time this group would come to be led by Osama bin Laden,
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ta arendas seda ideed edasi.
Tema tähenduses oli džihaad ülemaailmne terrorisõda
02:47
and he refined the idea.
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02:49
His idea of jihad was a global war of terror,
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kaugemal asuva vaenlase vastu,
Lääne ristisõdalaste ja Ameerika vastu.
02:54
primarily targeted at the far enemy,
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02:56
at the crusaders from the West, against America.
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Ja see, mida ta džihaadi nimel tegi
03:00
And the things he did in the pursuit of this jihad
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oli nii kohutav ja jube
03:03
were so horrendous, so monstrous,
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ja avaldas sedavõrd suurt mõju,
et tema džihaadi versiooni hakatigi pidama selleks tõeliseks.
03:06
and had such great impact,
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03:08
that his definition was the one that stuck,
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Ja mitte ainult siin Läänes.
Ega me teistsugust teadnudki, ega võtnud ka vaevaks asja uurida.
03:12
not just here in the West.
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03:13
We didn't know any better. We didn't pause to ask.
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Eeldasime, et kui see hull ja tema psühhopaatidest jüngrid
03:17
We just assumed that if this insane man and his psychopathic followers
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nimetavad oma tegevust džihaadiks, siis seda džihaad tähendabki.
03:22
were calling what they did jihad, then that's what jihad must mean.
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Ja nii ei mõelnud mitte ainult meie siin.
03:27
But it wasn't just us. Even in the Muslim world,
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Isegi islamiriikides võeti omaks tema definitsiooni džihaadist.
03:30
his definition of jihad began to gain acceptance.
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Aasta tagasi kohtusin Tuneesias
ühe väga väikese mošee imaamiga, ta oli vana mees.
03:35
A year ago I was in Tunis, and I met the imam
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Viisteist aastat tagasi pani ta oma lapselapsele nimeks Džihaad
03:38
of a very small mosque, an old man.
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03:40
Fifteen years ago, he named his granddaughter Jihad,
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selle sõna algse tähenduse järgi.
Ta lootis, et selline nimi inspireerib tüdrukut elama usklikku elu.
03:44
after the old meaning. He hoped that a name like that
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03:47
would inspire her to live a spiritual life.
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Aga ta ütles, et pärast 9/11 sündmusi
hakkas ta kahtlema.
03:52
But he told me that after 9/11,
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Ta kartis, et kui ta kutsub tüdrukut selle nimega
03:54
he began to have second thoughts.
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eriti kuskil väljas, avalikus kohas
03:57
He worried that if he called her by that name,
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võidakse arvata, et ta toetab bin Ladeni stiilis džihaadi.
03:59
especially outdoors, outside in public,
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04:02
he might be seen as endorsing bin Laden's idea of jihad.
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Reedeste jutluste ajal mošees
üritas ta taastada selle sõna algset tähendust,
04:07
On Fridays in his mosque, he gave sermons
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04:10
trying to reclaim the meaning of the word,
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aga koguduse liikmed, kes mošees käisid,
04:14
but his congregants, the people who came to his mosque,
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olid näinud videoid.
Nad olid näinud tornidesse lendavaid lennukeid ja tornide langemist.
04:18
they had seen the videos. They had seen pictures
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04:20
of the planes going into the towers, the towers coming down.
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Nad olid kuulnud bin Ladeni ütlemas, et see ongi džihaad
ja end võitjaks kuulutamas.
04:26
They had heard bin Laden say that that was jihad,
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Ja nii oli sel vanal imaamil mure, et ta räägib kurtidele kõrvadele,
04:29
and claimed victory for it. And so the old imam worried
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et keegi ei kuula teda.
04:32
that his words were falling on deaf ears. No one was paying attention.
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Ta eksis.
Mõni siiski pani tähele, aga valel põhjusel.
04:36
He was wrong. Some people were paying attention,
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USA oli tollal ajal avaldamas survet
04:40
but for the wrong reasons.
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04:41
The United States, at this point, was putting pressure
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oma araabia liitlastele, ka Tuneesiale,
et nad suruksid maha äärmusliikumise oma riigis.
04:44
on all its Arab allies, including Tunisia,
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04:47
to stamp out extremism in their societies,
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Ja see imaam avastas äkki, et ta on sihikule võetud
04:51
and this imam found himself suddenly in the crosshairs
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Tuneesia luureteenistuse poolt.
Varem ei olnud nad tema vastu huvi tundunud -
04:55
of the Tunisian intelligence service.
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vana mees, väike mošee -
04:57
They had never paid him any attention before --
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04:59
old man, small mosque --
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aga nüüd hakkasid nad teda külastama
ja vahel veeti teda ülekuulamistele,
05:02
but now they began to pay visits,
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kus esitati alati sama küsimus:
05:04
and sometimes they would drag him in for questions,
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"Miks sa panid oma lapselapsele nimeks Džihaad?
05:06
and always the same question:
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05:07
"Why did you name your granddaughter Jihad?
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Miks sa kasutad jätkuvalt sõna "džihaad" oma reedestel jutlustel?
05:11
Why do you keep using the word jihad in your Friday sermons?
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Kas sa vihkad ameeriklasi?
Milline on sinu side Osama bin Ladeniga?"
05:16
Do you hate Americans?
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05:18
What is your connection to Osama bin Laden?"
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Tuneesia luureteenistusele
ja sarnastele organisatsioonidele mujal araabiamaades
05:22
So to the Tunisian intelligence agency,
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05:24
and organizations like it all over the Arab world,
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võrdus džihaad äärmusliikumisega.
05:27
jihad equaled extremism,
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Bin Ladeni definitsioon oli institutsionaliseeritud.
05:32
Bin Laden's definition had become institutionalized.
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Selle sõna vägi võimaldas tal seda teha.
05:36
That was the power of that word that he was able to do.
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Ja see tegi vana imaami väga kurvaks.
05:39
And it filled this old imam, it filled him with great sadness.
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Ta ütles, et bin Ladeni arvukate kuritegude seas, oli just see see üks,
05:45
He told me that, of bin Laden's many crimes, this was,
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millele ei pööratud piisavalt tähelepanu
05:48
in his mind, one that didn't get enough attention,
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Et bin Laden lihtsalt võttis selle sõna, selle kauni mõtte
05:51
that he took this word, this beautiful idea.
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ja mitte niivõrd ei omastanud seda,
05:55
He didn't so much appropriate it as kidnapped it
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vaid röövis, moonutas ja rikkus selle ära.
05:59
and debased it and corrupted it
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ning andis sõnale tähenduse, mida see kunagi polnud tähendanud.
06:02
and turned it into something it was never meant to be,
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ja siis veenis ta kõiki,
et see on alati olnud globaalne džihaad.
06:06
and then persuaded all of us that it always was
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06:11
a global jihad.
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Aga hea uudis on see,
06:14
But the good news is
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et globaalne džihaad nagu bin Laden seda defineeris, on peaaegi läbi.
06:17
that the global jihad is almost over, as bin Laden defined it.
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See hakkas hääbuma ammu enne seda kui ta ise suri
ja nüüd on lõpp lähedal.
06:23
It was dying well before he did,
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Arvamusuuringud islamimaades näitavad,
06:26
and now it's on its last legs.
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et moslemid ei ole huvitatud
06:28
Opinion polls from all over the Muslim world show
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06:30
that there is very little interest among Muslims
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ülemaailmsest pühast sõjast Lääne vastu,
selle kauge vaenlase vastu.
06:35
in a global holy war against the West,
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06:37
against the far enemy.
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Meeste hulk, kes on valmis selle nimel võitlema ja surema, kahaneb.
06:41
The supply of young men willing to fight and die for this cause is dwindling.
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Mis sama oluline, rahastamine,
sellise tegevuse finantseerimine väheneb samuti.
06:45
The supply of money — just as important, more important perhaps —
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Rikkad fanaatikud, kes varem seesugust tegevust sponsoreerisid,
06:48
the supply of money to this activity is also dwindling.
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06:50
The wealthy fanatics who were previously
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on oma rahakotiraudu koomale tõmmanud.
06:53
sponsoring this kind of activity are now less generous.
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Mida see tähendab meie jaoks siin Läänes?
Kas võime avada šampanjapudelid,
07:00
What does that mean for us in the West?
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07:01
Does it mean we can break out the champagne,
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pesta käed puhtaks, tagasi tõmbuda ja öösiti rahulikult magada?
07:05
wash our hands of it, disengage, sleep easy at night?
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Ei.
Tagasitõmbuda ei saa,
07:10
No. Disengagement is not an option,
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sest kui lasta püsida kohalikul džihaadil
07:15
because if you let local jihad survive,
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saab sellest rahvusvaheline džihaad.
Ja nii ongi üle kogu maailma
07:22
it becomes international jihad.
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07:24
And so there's now a lot of different
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tekkinud mitmeid vägivaldseid džihaade.
Somaalias, Malis, Nigeerias, Iraagis,
07:27
violent jihads all over the world.
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07:30
In Somalia, in Mali, in Nigeria,
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Afganistanis ja Pakistanis on grupeeringuid,
07:32
in Iraq, in Afghanistan, Pakistan, there are groups that claim
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kes nimetavad end bin Ladeni mantlipärijateks.
07:37
to be the inheritors of the legacy of Osama bin Laden.
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Nad kasutavad tema retoorikat.
Nad kasutavad isegi tema loodud džihaadi brändi nime.
07:43
They use his rhetoric.
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07:44
They even use the brand name he created for his jihad.
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Nüüd on Al Qaeda kohal islamistlikus Maghrebis,
07:49
So there is now an al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb,
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Al Qaeda on kohal Araabia poolsaarel,
Al Qaeda on kohal Mesopotaamias.
07:53
there's an al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula,
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On ka teisi grupeeringuid: Boko Haram Nigeerias,
07:55
there is an al Qaeda in Mesopotamia.
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Al Shabaab Somaalias - ja nad kõik kummardavad Osama bin Ladenit.
07:58
There are other groups -- in Nigeria, Boko Haram,
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08:00
in Somalia, al Shabaab -- and they all pay homage to Osama bin Laden.
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Aga kui vaadata lähemalt, siis selgub,
et nende džihaad ei ole globaalne.
08:06
But if you look closely,
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Nende võitlus toimub palju kitsamate teemade pärast.
08:08
they're not fighting a global jihad.
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08:11
They're fighting battles over much narrower issues.
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Tavaliselt on probleem kas rahvuses, rassis või sektis
08:15
Usually it has to do with ethnicity or race or sectarianism,
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või on tegu lihtsalt võimuvõitlusega.
Enamasti ongi see võimuvõitlus ühes riigis
08:19
or it's a power struggle.
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või riigi mõnes väiksemas piirkonnas.
08:20
More often than not, it's a power struggle
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08:22
in one country, or even a small region within one country.
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Vahel minnakse ka üle piiride,
Iraagist Süüriasse, Malist Alžeeriasse,
08:26
Occasionally they will go across a border,
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08:29
from Iraq to Syria, from Mali to Algeria,
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Somaaliast Keeniasse,
aga see pole üleilmne džihaad mõne kauge vaenlase vastu.
08:35
from Somalia to Kenya, but they're not fighting
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08:37
a global jihad against some far enemy.
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Siiski ei tähenda see,
08:42
But that doesn't mean
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et võiksime puhata.
Olin hiljuti Jeemenis, kus -
08:45
that we can relax.
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seal asub viimane Al Qaeda haru,
08:47
I was in Yemen recently, where -- it's the home
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08:49
of the last al Qaeda franchise
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mis endiselt tahab Ameerikat ja Läänt rünnata.
08:53
that still aspires to attack America, attack the West.
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See on vana kooli Al Qaeda.
Võib-olla mäletate neid?
08:57
It's old school al Qaeda.
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Nad üritasid siia saata aluspüksi-pommimehe
08:59
You may remember these guys.
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09:00
They are the ones who tried to send the underwear bomber here,
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ja õhtuasid internetis vägivalda
09:03
and they were using the Internet to try and instigate
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Ameerika moslemite seas.
Aga nad on viimasel ajal tagasi tõmbunud.
09:06
violence among American Muslims.
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Mullu võtsid nad kontrolli alla piirkonna Jeemeni lõunaosas
09:09
But they have been distracted recently.
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09:10
Last year, they took control over a portion of southern Yemen,
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ja valitsesid seda Talibani stiilis.
Aga peale seda kui Jeemeni sõjavägi end kokku võttis
09:13
and ran it, Taliban-style.
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ja kui kohalikud neile vastu hakkasid ja minema lõid,
09:16
And then the Yemeni military got its act together,
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09:18
and ordinary people rose up against these guys
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on suurem osa nende tegevusest
09:22
and drove them out, and since then, most of their activities,
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ja rünnakutest suunatud jeemenlaste vastu.
09:25
most of their attacks have been directed at Yemenis.
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Ilmselt ongi nüüd käes see hetk, kus saame öelda,
09:29
So I think we've come to a point now where we can say
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et nii nagu igasugune poliitika, on ka džihaad tegelikult kohalik.
09:33
that, just like all politics, all jihad is local.
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Siiski ei anna see õigust end taandada,
09:37
But that's still not reason for us to disengage,
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sest seda filmi oleme juba näinud, Afganistanis.
09:41
because we've seen that movie before, in Afghanistan.
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Kui mudžahediinid Nõukogude Liidu üle võidu saavutasid,
09:45
When those Mujahideen defeated the Soviet Union,
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ei tegelenud me enam sellega.
Ja enne veel kui šampanjamullid lahtusid,
09:49
we disengaged.
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09:51
And even before the fizz had gone out of our celebratory champagne,
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haaras Taliban Kabulis võimu,
mille peale meil öeldi, et kohalik džihaad pole meie probleem.
09:59
the Taliban had taken over in Kabul,
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10:01
and we said, "Local jihad, not our problem."
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Aga siis Taliban andis Kandahari võtmed Osama bin Ladenile
10:05
And then the Taliban gave the keys of Kandahar
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ja tema tegi sellest meie probleemi.
10:08
to Osama bin Laden. He made it our problem.
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Kui kohalikku džihaadi ignoreerida saab sellest globaalne džihaad.
10:11
Local jihad, if you ignore it, becomes global jihad again.
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Nii aga ei pea see tingimata minema.
10:17
The good news is that it doesn't have to be.
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Teame nüüd, kuidas võidelda.
On olemas vahendid ja oskused,
10:20
We know how to fight it now.
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saame kasutada seniseid kogemusi globaalse džihaadi vastases võitluses,
10:23
We have the tools. We have the knowhow,
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10:25
and we can take the lessons we've learned
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kui võitsime globaalse džihaadi,
10:27
from the fight against global jihad, the victory against global jihad,
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ning kasutada samu võtteid kohaliku džihaadi lõpetamiseks.
10:31
and apply those to local jihad.
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Mis õppetunnid need on?
Me teame, kes tappis bin Ladeni:
10:34
What are those lessons? We know who killed bin Laden:
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SEAL Team Six.
Aga kas teame ja mõistame, kes tegi lõpu binladenismile?
10:39
SEAL Team Six.
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10:41
Do we know, do we understand, who killed bin Ladenism?
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Kes tegi lõpu globaalsele džihaadile?
10:45
Who ended the global jihad?
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See annab ka võtme kohaliku džihaadi seljatamiseks.
10:49
There lie the answers to the solution to local jihad.
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Kes tegi lõpu binladenismile? Alustame bin Ladenist endast.
10:52
Who killed bin Ladenism? Let's start with bin Laden himself.
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Ta ilmselt uskus, et 9/11 terrorirünnak oli tema suurim saavutus.
Tegelikult oli see tema lõpu algus.
10:57
He probably thought 9/11 was his greatest achievement.
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10:59
In reality, it was the beginning of the end for him.
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Ta tappis 3000 süütut inimest, see täitis
islamimaailma õuduse ja vastumeelsusega,
11:03
He killed 3,000 innocent people, and that filled
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11:06
the Muslim world with horror and revulsion,
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mis tähendas, et tema tüüpi džihaad
11:10
and what that meant was that his idea of jihad
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ei võinud iial saada peavooluks.
Ta taandas end ise marginaalseks hulluks
11:13
could never become mainstream.
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11:15
He condemned himself to operating on the lunatic fringes
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omaenda kogukonnas.
11:19
of his own community.
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9/11 mitte ei tõstnud teda troonile vaid kukutas ta.
11:23
9/11 didn't empower him; it doomed him.
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Kes tappis binladenismi? See oli Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
11:28
Who killed bin Ladenism? Abu Musab al-Zarqawi killed it.
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Ta oli Iraagi Al Qaeda erakordselt sadistlik liider,
saates sadu enesetaputerroriste ründama
11:33
He was the especially sadistic head of al Qaeda in Iraq
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11:36
who sent hundreds of suicide bombers to attack
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mitte ameeriklasi vaid iraaklasi,
moslemeid, nii sunnisid kui ka šiiite.
11:39
not Americans but Iraqis. Muslims. Sunni as well as Shiites.
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Pilt, mille Al Qaeda oli maalinud endast kui islami kaitsjaist
11:46
Any claim that al Qaeda had to being protectors of Islam
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Lääne ristirüütlite vastu
uputati iraagi moslemite verre.
11:50
against the Western crusaders
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11:53
was drowned in the blood of Iraqi Muslims.
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Kes tappis Osama bin Ladeni?
SEAL Team Six.
11:58
Who killed Osama bin Laden? The SEAL Team Six.
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Kes tappis binladenismi? Al Jazeera.
Al Jazeera ja mitmed araabiakeelsed satelliit uudistekanalid,
12:02
Who killed bin Ladenism? Al Jazeera did,
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12:04
Al Jazeera and half a dozen other satellite news stations in Arabic,
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sest nad muutusid palju vaadatavamaks
12:09
because they circumvented the old, state-owned
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kui vanad riiklikud telekanalid,
12:12
television stations in a lot of these countries
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mille eesmärk oli pigem info tõkestamine.
Al Jazeera levitas infot ja näitas inimestele,
12:16
which were designed to keep information from people.
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12:19
Al Jazeera brought information to them, showed them
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mida religiooni sildi all tegelikult räägiti ja tehti
12:22
what was being said and done in the name of their religion,
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paljastas Osama bin Ladeni ja Al Qaeda silmakirjalikkuse
12:26
exposed the hypocrisy of Osama bin Laden and al Qaeda,
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ja pakkus infot, mis võimaldas inimestel teha oma järeldused.
12:31
and allowed them, gave them the information
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12:33
that allowed them to come to their own conclusions.
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Kes tappis binladenismi? Araabia kevad,
12:37
Who killed bin Ladenism? The Arab Spring did,
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sest see näitas noortele moslemitele võimalusi,
12:41
because it showed a way for young Muslims
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kuidas algatada muutusi viisil,
12:44
to bring about change
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mida Osama bin Laden oma limiteeritud kujutlusvõimega
poleks iial osanud ettekujutada.
12:48
in a manner that Osama bin Laden, with his
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12:50
limited imagination, could never have conceived.
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Kes alistas globaalse džihaadi? Ameerika sõjavägi,
Ameerika sõdurid koos oma liitlastega,
12:54
Who defeated the global jihad? The American military did,
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võideldes kaugetel lahinguväljadel.
12:57
the American soldiers did, with their allies,
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12:59
fighting in faraway battlefields.
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Ehk kunagi saavad nad selle eest ka väljateenitud tunnustuse.
13:04
And perhaps, a time will come when they get the rightful credit for it.
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Kõik need faktorid ja veel mitmed teised -
praegu ei pruugi neid täielikult mõistagi,
13:10
So all these factors, and many more besides,
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kõikide nende faktorite summa tõi kaasa
13:13
we don't even fully understand some of them yet,
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koletisliku binladenismi nurjamise,
13:16
these came together
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13:19
to defeat a monstrosity as big as bin Ladenism,
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globaalsele džihaadile lõpu tegemine nõudis ühist pingutust.
13:22
the global jihad, you needed this group effort.
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Kõik ei pruugi samuti toimida kohaliku džihaadi alistamisel.
Ameerika sõjavägi ei lähe Nigeeriasse,
13:26
Now, not all of these things will work in local jihad.
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13:28
The American military is not going to march into Nigeria
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Boko Haramit hävitama.
Samuti on ebatõenäoline, et SEAL Team Six
13:31
to take on Boko Haram,
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tungib al Shabaabi liidrite kodudesse ja lööks nad maha.
13:34
and it's unlikely that SEAL Team Six will rappel
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13:36
into the homes of al Shabaab's leaders and take them out.
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Aga mitmed teised faktorid, mis aitasid kaasa,
13:40
But many of these other factors that were in play
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on nüüdseks tugevamadki kui varem. Pool tööd on juba tehtud.
13:44
are now even stronger than before. Half the work is already done.
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Pole vaja hakata jalgratast leiutama.
Vägivaldne džihaad, mis on surmanud rohkem moslemeid
13:50
We don't have to reinvent the wheel.
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13:53
The notion of violent jihad in which more Muslims are killed
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kui teisi, on pälvinud täieliku hukkamõistu.
13:56
than any other kind of people is already thoroughly discredited.
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Seda juurde pole vaja tagasi minna.
14:00
We don't have to go back to that.
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Satelliittelevisioon ja internet pakuvad noortele moslemitele
14:03
Satellite television and the Internet are informing
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palju põnevaid uusi võimalusi.
14:07
and empowering young Muslims in exciting new ways.
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Tänu Araabia kevadele on võimule tulnud uued valitsused,
mitmed neist islamistlikud valitsused,
14:12
And the Arab Spring has produced governments,
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kes teavad, et püsimajäämiseks
14:15
many of them Islamist governments,
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tuleb neil enda äärmuslased ette võtta.
14:18
who know that, for their own self-preservation,
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14:21
they need to take on the extremists in their midsts.
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Neid pole vaja veenda, kuid neid tuleb aidata,
14:26
We don't need to persuade them, but we do need to help them,
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sest neil puudub sarnane kogemus.
14:29
because they haven't really come to this place before.
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Hea uudis aga on taas, et meil on see juba olemas
14:35
The good news, again, is that a lot of the things they need
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mis neil vaja oleks. Ja me oskame seda jagada:
14:38
we already have, and we are very good at giving:
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majanduslikku abi - mitte ainult raha vaid ka teadmisi,
14:41
economic assistance, not just money, but expertise,
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tehnoloogiat, oskusteavet,
erainvesteeringud, aus kaubandus,
14:45
technology, knowhow,
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14:48
private investment, fair terms of trade,
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meditsiin, haridus, tehniline abi politsei väljaõppeks,
14:52
medicine, education, technical support for training
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et muuta politseid efektiivsemaks
14:56
for their police forces to become more effective,
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ja terrorivastaseid üksusi tõhusamaks.
14:59
for their anti-terror forces to become more efficient.
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Meil on seda kõike küllaga.
On ka teisi asju, mida nad vajaksid,
15:04
We've got plenty of these things.
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aga mida me ei oska pakkuda. Võib-olla ei oska seda mitte keegi.
15:05
Some of the other things that they need
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15:08
we're not very good at giving. Maybe nobody is.
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Aeg, kannatlikkus, delikaatsus, mõistmine,
15:11
Time, patience, subtlety, understanding --
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neid on palju raskem anda.
Ma elan praegu New Yorgis.
15:16
these are harder to give.
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Just sel nädalal on New Yorgi metroosse ilmunud plakatid,
15:18
I live in New York now. Just this week,
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mis näitavad džihaadi kui metsikust.
15:21
posters have gone up in subway stations in New York
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15:23
that describe jihad as savage.
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Siiski ei ole ma nende aastate jooksul, mil olen Lähis-Ida sündmusi kajastanud,
15:29
But in all the many years that I have covered the Middle East,
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olnud niivõrd lootusrikas kui praegu,
15:33
I have never been as optimistic as I am today
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et lõhe islami- ja läänemaailma vahel
15:37
that the gap between the Muslim world and the West
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kahaneb kiiresti.
Üks minu optimismi paljudest põhjustest
15:40
is narrowing fast,
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on teadmine, et on miljoneid, sadu miljoneid inimesi,
15:43
and one of the many reasons for my optimism
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15:44
is that, because I know there are millions,
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selliseid moslemeid nagu too vana imaam Tuneesias
15:48
hundreds of millions of people, Muslims like that old imam
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kes annavad sellele sõnale tagasi
15:52
in Tunis, who are reclaiming this word
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selle esialgse ülla tähenduse.
15:58
and restoring to its original, beautiful purpose.
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Bin Laden on surnud. Binladenism on võidetud.
Tema versiooni džihaadist võib välja visata.
16:04
Bin Laden is dead. Bin Ladenism has been defeated.
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16:06
His definition of jihad can now be expunged.
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Sellele džihaadile saab öelda: "Hüvasti. Head teed sul minna."
16:11
To that jihad we can say, "Goodbye. Good riddance."
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Ja päris džihaadile saame öelda: "Tere tulemast tagasi. Palju edu!"
16:15
To the real jihad we can say, "Welcome back. Good luck."
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Aitäh.
(Aplaus)
16:22
Thank you. (Applause)
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