Thulasiraj Ravilla: How low-cost eye care can be world-class

42,562 views ใƒป 2009-12-10

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Mohamed Achraf BEN MOHAMED ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Ayman Mahmoud
00:15
Good morning.
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ุตุจุงุญ ุงู„ุฎูŠุฑ.
00:17
I've come here to share with you an experiment
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ุฌุฆุช ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุฃุทู„ุนูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ
00:21
of how to get rid of one form of human suffering.
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ุชุดุฑุญ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุฃุญุฏ ู†ู…ุงุฐุฌ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ.
00:25
It really is a story of Dr. Venkataswamy.
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุตุฉ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠู‘ุฉ ู„ู„ุฏู‘ูƒุชูˆุฑ "ููŠู†ูƒุงุชุณูˆูŠู…ูŠ".
00:28
His mission and his message is about the Aravind Eye Care System.
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ู…ู‡ู…ุชู‡ ูˆุฑุณุงู„ุชู‡ ุชุชู„ุฎู‘ุต ููŠ ู†ุธุงู… "ุฃุฑุงููŠู†ุฏ" ู„ู„ุนู†ุงูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุนูŠูˆู†.
00:34
I think first it's important for us to recognize what it is to be blind.
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ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุฏุฑูƒ ู…ุงู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุดู‘ุฎุต ุฃุนู…ู‰.
00:39
(Music)
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(ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ู‰)
00:43
Woman: Everywhere I went looking for work, they said no,
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ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ : ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ุฐู‡ุจุช ุฃุจุญุซ ููŠู‡ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ ุŒ ูŠุฑูุถูˆู† ุŒ
00:47
what use do we have for a blind woman?
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ู…ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุนู…ูŠุงุก ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุŸ
00:50
I couldn't thread a needle or see the lice in my hair.
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ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุฑุจุท ุฅุจุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃู† ุฃุฑู‰ ุงู„ู‚ู…ู„ ููŠ ุดุนุฑูŠ.
00:53
If an ant fell into my rice, I couldn't see that either.
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ุฅุฐุง ุณู‚ุทุช ู†ู…ู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฒ ู„ุฏูŠุŒ ู„ู† ุฃุชู…ูƒู‘ู† ู…ู† ุฑุคูŠุชู‡ุง.
00:57
Thulasiraj Ravilla: Becoming blind is a big part of it,
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ุซูˆู„ุงุณูŠุฑุงุฌ ุฑุงููŠู„ุง : ุงู„ุนู…ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ ุŒ
00:59
but I think it also deprives the person of their livelihood, their dignity,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุญุฑู… ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ู† ุฑุฒู‚ู‡ู… ูˆูƒุฑุงู…ุชู‡ู… ุŒ
01:04
their independence, and their status in the family.
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ูˆู…ู† ุงุณุชู‚ู„ุงู„ูŠุชู‡ู… ุŒ ูˆู…ุฑูƒุฒู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ.
01:07
So she is just one amongst the millions who are blind.
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุณุช ุณูˆู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูู‚ุฏูˆุง ุจุตุฑู‡ู….
01:11
And the irony is that they don't need to be.
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ูˆุงู„ู…ูุงุฑู‚ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
01:14
A simple, well-proven surgery can restore sight to millions,
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ุฌุฑุงุญุฉ ู…ุฌุฑุจุฉ ูˆ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุจุตุฑ ู„ู„ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุŒ
01:18
and something even simpler, a pair of glasses, can make millions more see.
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ุดูŠุก ุญุชู‰ ุฃุจุณุท ุŒ ุฒูˆุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุธุงุฑุงุช ุŒ ุฌุนู„ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฃูุถู„.
01:23
If we add to that the many of us here now
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ุฃุถูู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุขู†
01:26
who are more productive because they have a pair of glasses,
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู‡ู… ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุฒูˆุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุธุงุฑุงุช ุŒ
01:30
then almost one in five Indians will require eye care,
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ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู‡ู†ูˆุฏ ุณูˆู ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุŒ
01:33
a staggering 200 million people.
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ู…ุฐู‡ู„ุŒ200 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู†ุณู…ุฉ.
01:36
Today, we're reaching not even 10 percent of them.
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ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุชู‰ 10 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ู….
01:40
So this is the context in which Aravind came into existence
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฌุงุก "ุฃุฑุงููŠู†ุฏ" ููŠู‡ ุญูŠุฒ ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
01:43
about 30 years back
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ู†ุญูˆ 30 ุนุงู…ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุก
01:46
as a post-retirement project of Dr. V.
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ูƒู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู…ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุนุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูู‰.
01:49
He started this with no money.
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ูˆุจุฏุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุจุฏูˆู† ุฃูŠ ุฃู…ูˆุงู„.
01:51
He had to mortgage all his life savings
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‚ุฏ ุฑู‡ู† ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงุฏู‘ุฎุฑู‡ ุทูˆุงู„ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
01:54
to make a bank loan.
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ู„ู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุฑุถ ู…ุตุฑููŠ.
01:56
And over time, we have grown into a network of five hospitals,
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ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุŒ ู†ู…ูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุดุจูƒุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ุŒ
02:00
predominately in the state of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ููŠ ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ "ุชุงู…ูŠู„ ู†ุงุฏูˆ" ูˆ "ุจูˆุฏูˆุดูŠุฑูŠ"ุŒ
02:04
and then we added several, what we call Vision Centers
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ูˆุฃุถูู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ุŒ ู…ู…ู‘ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒุงู„ุฑุคูŠุฉ
02:08
as a hub-and-spoke model.
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ูƒู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ู…ุญูˆุฑ ูˆุชูƒู„ู….
02:10
And then more recently we started managing hospitals
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุขูˆู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช
02:13
in other parts of the country
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ููŠ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ
02:15
and also setting up hospitals in other parts of the world as well.
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ูˆุงู†ุดุฃู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ููŠ ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุฃูŠุถุง.
02:19
The last three decades,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ
02:21
we have done about three-and-a-half million surgeries,
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ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู†ุญูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ ูˆู†ุตู ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉุŒ
02:25
a vast majority of them for the poor people.
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ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุธู…ู‰ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ุงุณ ูู‚ุฑุงุก.
02:29
Now, each year we perform about 300,000 surgeries.
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ูˆููŠ ูƒู„ ุนุงู… ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 300.000 ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ.
02:34
A typical day at Aravind, we would do about a thousand surgeries,
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ู†ุฌุฑูŠ ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌูŠ ููŠ "ุฃุฑุงููŠู†ุฏ"ุŒ 1.000 ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉุŒ
02:38
maybe see about 6,000 patients,
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ู†ูƒุดู ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุจู…ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 6000 ู…ุฑูŠุถุง ุŒ
02:42
send out teams into the villages to examine, bring back patients,
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ู†ูุฑุณู„ ููุฑูŽู‚ู‹ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู‰ ู„ู„ูƒุดู ุŒ ู†ุนูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุŒ
02:47
lots of telemedicine consultations,
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ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูˆุฑุงุช ุงู„ุทุจูŠุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ุŒ
02:50
and, on top of that, do a lot of training,
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ูˆููˆู‚ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุฏุฑูŠุจุŒ
02:53
both for doctors and technicians who will become the future staff of Aravind.
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ุณูˆุงุก ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุทุจุงุก ุฃูˆุงู„ูู†ูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุณูŠุตุจุญูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ู…ู† ู…ูˆุธููŠ "ุฃุฑุงููŠู†ุฏ".
03:00
And then doing this day-in and day-out, and doing it well,
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ู‚ุถุงุก ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ุงุฎู„ ูˆ ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุญุณู† ูˆุฌู‡ุŒ
03:04
requires a lot of inspiration and a lot of hard work.
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ูŠุชุทู„ุจ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู„ู‡ุงู… ุŒ ูˆุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุดุงู‚.
03:08
And I think this was possible thanks to the building blocks
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ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู†ุง ุจูุถู„ ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุงุช
03:11
put in place by Dr. V.,
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุถุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ู.ุŒ
03:14
a value system, an efficient delivery process,
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ู†ุธุงู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุŒ ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุณู„ูŠู… ุฐุงุช ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุŒ
03:18
and fostering the culture of innovation.
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ูˆุชุดุฌูŠุน ุซู‚ุงูุฉ ุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ.
03:21
(Music)
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(ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ู‰)
03:29
Dr. V: I used to sit with the ordinary village man because I am from a village,
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ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูู‰. : ูƒู†ุช ุฃุฌู„ุณ ู…ุน ุฑุฌู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู‚ุฑูŠุฉ
03:33
and suddenly you turn around and seem to be in contact with his inner being,
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ูˆูุฌุฃุฉ ุชูุฑุฌุน ุงู„ู†ู‘ุธุฑ ูˆุชูƒุชุดู ุฃู†ู‘ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชุตุงู„ ู…ุน ุฐุงุชู‡ุŒ
03:37
you seem to be one with him.
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ุชุจุฏูˆ ูˆูƒุฃู†ูƒ ุชุชู‘ุญุฏุช ู…ุนู‡.
03:40
Here is a soul which has got all the simplicity of confidence.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุจุณุงุทุฉ ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ.
03:45
Doctor, whatever you say, I accept it.
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ุฃูŠู‘ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ุจู„ ูƒู„ู‘ ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„.
03:48
An implicit faith in you
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ุฅูŠู…ุงู† ุถู…ู†ูŠ ุจูƒ
03:50
and then you respond to it.
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ุซู… ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ุฑุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡.
03:52
Here is an old lady who has got so much faith in me, I must do my best for her.
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ู‡ู†ุง ุณูŠุฏุฉ ุนุฌูˆุฒ ุชุถุน ูƒู„ู‘ ุงู„ุฅูŠู…ุงู† ููŠ ุดุฎุตูŠุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุฃุจุฐู„ ู‚ุตุงุฑู‰ ุฌู‡ุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุงุฌู„ู‡ุง.
03:57
When we grow in spiritual consciousness,
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุชุฑุนุฑุน ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ ุงู„ุฑูˆุญูŠุŒ
04:00
we identify ourselves with all that is in the world,
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ู†ุทุงุจู‚ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง ู…ุน ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ
04:03
so there is no exploitation.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ูŠุณ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„.
04:06
It is ourselves we are helping.
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ูู†ุญู† ู†ุณุงุนุฏ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง .
04:09
It is ourselves we are healing.
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุดููŠ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง.
04:17
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
04:23
This helped us build a very ethical and very highly patient-centric organization
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุฃุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏู‘ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠุฉ
04:29
and systems that support it.
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ูˆุงู„ู†ู‘ูุธูู…ูŽ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฏุนู…ู‡ุง.
04:31
But on a practical level, you also have to deliver services efficiently,
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ู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตุนูŠุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠ ุŒ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุฃูŠุถุง ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ุงู„ุฎุฏู…ุงุช ุจูƒูุงุกุฉุŒ
04:37
and, odd as it may seem, the inspiration came from McDonald's.
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ุฌุงุก ุงู„ุฅู„ู‡ุงู… ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุบุฑูŠุจ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุŒ ู…ู† "ู…ุงูƒุฏูˆู†ุงู„ุฏุฒ".
04:41
Dr. V: See, McDonald's' concept is simple.
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ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูู‰. : ุงู†ุธุฑุŒ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… "ู…ุงูƒุฏูˆู†ุงู„ุฏุฒ" ุจุณูŠุท.
04:45
They feel they can train people all over the world,
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ูˆู‡ู… ูŠุดุนุฑูˆู† ุงู†ู‡ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุŒ
04:53
irrespective of different religions, cultures, all those things,
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ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู† ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุงู„ุฃุฏูŠุงู† ูˆุงู„ุซู‚ุงูุงุช ุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุŒ
04:56
to produce a product in the same way
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ู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ู…ู†ุชุฌ ู…ุง ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
05:00
and deliver it in the same manner
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ูˆุชู‚ุฏูŠู…ู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
05:03
in hundreds of places.
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ููŠ ู…ุฆุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู†.
05:05
Larry Brilliant: He kept talking about McDonalds and hamburgers,
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ู„ุงุฑูŠ ุจุฑูŠู„ูŠุงู†ุช : ูƒุงู† ูŠุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† "ู…ุงูƒุฏูˆู†ุงู„ุฏุฒ" ูˆ"ุงู„ู‡ู…ุจุฑุบุฑ" ุŒ
05:07
and none of it made any sense to us.
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ูˆู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ู„ุฃูŠ ุดู‰ุก ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูŠ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง.
05:13
He wanted to create a franchise,
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ูˆูƒุงู† ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุงู…ุชูŠุงุฒุŒ
05:16
a mechanism of delivery of eye care
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ุขู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุญู‘ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
05:19
with the efficiency of McDonald's.
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ุจูƒูุงุกุฉ ุชุนุงุฏู„ ูƒูุงุกุฉ "ู…ุงูƒุฏูˆู†ุงู„ุฏุฒ".
05:22
Dr. V: Supposing I'm able to produce eye care,
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ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูู‰.: ู„ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุนู†ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุนูŠู† ุŒ
05:24
techniques, methods, all in the same way,
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ูˆุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ูˆุงู„ุฃุณุงู„ูŠุจ ุŒ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฃุณู„ูˆุจุŒ
05:28
and make it available in every corner of the world.
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ูˆุฅุชุงุญุชู‡ุง ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฑูƒู† ู…ู† ุฃุฑูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู….
05:31
The problem of blindness is gone.
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ุณุชุฎุชููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู‰.
05:34
TR: If you think about it, I think the eyeball is the same,
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ุซูˆู„ุงุณูŠุฑุงุฌ ุฑุงููŠู„ุง: ุฅุฐุง ููƒุฑุช ู…ู„ูŠู‘ุง ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุงุŒ
05:37
as American or African,
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ุฅู† ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุฉุŒ
05:39
the problem is the same, the treatment is the same.
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ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณู‡.
05:42
And yet, why should there be so much variation in quality and in service,
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ูˆุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎุฏู…ุฉ ุŒ
05:46
and that was the fundamental principle that we followed
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงุชู‘ุจุนู†ุงู‡
05:49
when we designed the delivery systems.
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุตู…ูŠู… ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุณู„ูŠู….
05:52
And, of course, the challenge was that it's a huge problem,
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ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ
05:55
we are talking of millions of people,
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุŒ
05:58
very little resource to deal with it,
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ูˆุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุจุญูˆุฒุชู†ุงุŒ
06:01
and then lots of logistics and affordability issues.
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ุฃุถู ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุถุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูˆุฌุณุชูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญู…ู„ ุงู„ุชูƒุงู„ูŠู.
06:05
And then so, one had to constantly innovate.
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ูˆุญุชู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญูŠู† ุŒ ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ ุจุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ.
06:08
And one of the early innovations, which still continues,
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ูˆุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ุชุฒุงู„ ู…ุนุชู…ุฏุฉุŒ
06:11
is to create ownership in the community to the problem,
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ู‡ูˆ ุฎู„ู‚ ู…ูู„ูƒูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ
06:15
and then engage with them as a partner,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู…ู‘ ุงู„ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู…ุนู‡ู… ูƒุดุฑูŠูƒ ุŒ
06:18
and here is one such event.
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงุญุฏู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุงุช ุŒ
06:20
Here a community camp just organized
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฎูŠู… ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠู‘ ู‚ุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุชู†ุธูŠู…ู‡
06:23
by the community themselves,
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ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุฃู†ูุณู‡ู…ุŒ
06:26
where they find a place, organize volunteers,
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ุญูŠุซ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ู…ูƒุงู†ุง ุŒ ูˆู†ุธู‘ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ู…ุชุทูˆุนูŠู† ุŒ
06:29
and then we'll do our part. You know, check their vision,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุณู†ู‚ูˆู… ู†ุญู† ุจุฏูˆุฑู†ุง ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุŒ ูˆูุญุต ุจุตุฑู‡ู…ุŒ
06:34
and then you have doctors who you find out what the problem is
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ู‡ู†ุงู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุทุจุงุก ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠูƒุชุดููˆู† ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
06:37
and then determine what further testing should be done,
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ูˆุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ุฅุถุงููŠู‘ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุงุŒ
06:40
and then those tests are done by technicians
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุชู… ุชู†ููŠุฐ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑุงุช ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ูู†ูŠูŠู†
06:45
who check for glasses,
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุชุญู‚ู‚ูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุธุงุฑุงุช ุŒ
06:49
or check for glaucoma.
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ุฃูˆ ูŠุชุญู‚ู‚ูˆู† ู…ู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ุฒุฑู‚ุงุก.
06:53
And then, with all these results, the doctor makes a final diagnosis,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู…ุน ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจ ุจุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุŒ
06:57
and then prescribes a line of treatment,
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ูˆูŠูƒุชุจ ูˆุตูุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุŒ
07:00
and if they need a pair of glasses, they are available right there at the camp site,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ุธู‘ุงุฑุงุช ุŒ ูู‡ูŠ ู…ุชูˆูุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ููŠ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ู…ุฎูŠู… ุŒ
07:04
usually under a tree.
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ุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุญุช ุดุฌุฑุฉ.
07:06
But they get glasses in the frames of their choice,
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ู… ูŠุญุตู„ูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุธุงุฑุงุช ููŠ ุฃุทุฑ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฎุชุงุฑูˆู†ู‡ุงุŒ
07:09
and that's very important because I think glasses,
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุธุงุฑุงุช ุŒ
07:12
in addition to helping people see,
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ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ
07:14
is also a fashion statement, and they're willing to pay for it.
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ูู‡ูŠ ุฃูŠุถุง ุดูƒู„ ู…ู† ุฃุดูƒุงู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ ู„ุฏูุน ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง.
07:22
So they get it in about 20 minutes
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ูŠุญุตู„ูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุบุถูˆู† 20 ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
07:25
and those who require surgery, are counseled,
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ูˆุฃู…ู‘ุง ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ุŒ ูŠุชู…ู‘ ุชุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ
07:28
and then there are buses waiting,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุงูู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุธุงุฑุŒ
07:31
which will transport them to the base hospital.
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุณูˆู ุชู†ู‚ู„ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ.
07:34
And if it was not for this kind of logistics and support,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูˆุฌุณุชูŠู‘ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฏุนู… ุŒ
07:39
many people like this would probably never get services,
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ูุฑุจู…ุง ู„ู† ูŠุชู…ูƒู‘ู† ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุฏู…ุงุช ุŒ
07:42
and certainly not when they most need it.
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู„ูŠุณ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง.
07:46
They receive surgery the following day,
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ู‡ู… ูŠุฎุถุนูˆู† ู„ุฌุฑุงุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุŒ
07:50
and then they will stay for a day or two,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุณูˆู ูŠุจู‚ูˆู† ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูŠูˆู… ุฃูˆ ูŠูˆู…ูŠู† ุŒ
07:53
and then they are put back on the buses
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุฑูƒุจูˆู† ุงู„ุญุงูู„ุงุช ู…ู† ุฌุฏูŠุฏ
07:55
to be taken back to where they came from,
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ู„ูŠุฑุฌุนูˆู‡ู… ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุฃุชูˆุงุŒ
07:58
and where their families will be waiting to take them back home.
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ูˆุญูŠุซ ุชู†ุชุธุฑู‡ู… ุฃุณุฑู‡ู… ู„ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูŠุงุฑ.
08:03
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
08:09
And this happens several thousand times each year.
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ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุนุฏุฉ ุขู„ุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุช ูƒู„ ุนุงู….
08:14
It may sound impressive that we're seeing lots of patients,
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ู‚ุฏ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฑุงุฆุนุง ุฃู† ู†ุดุงู‡ุฏ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุŒ
08:17
very efficient process,
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ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ
08:19
but we looked at, are we solving the problem?
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุŒ ู‡ู„ ู†ุญู† ุจุตุฏุฏ ุญู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŸ
08:23
We did a study, a scientifically designed process,
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ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุตู…ู…ุฉ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุนู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุŒ
08:25
and then, to our dismay,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุŒ ูˆูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฎูŠุจุง ู„ู„ุขู…ุงู„ุŒ
08:27
we found this was only reaching seven percent of those in need,
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ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุดู…ู„ ูู‚ุท ุณุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู‡ู… ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุŒ
08:32
and we're not adequately addressing more, bigger problems.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุนุงู„ุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุญูˆ ูƒุงู ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏุง.
08:36
So we had to do something different,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ุดูŠุฆุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุง ุŒ
08:38
so we set up what we call primary eye care centers, vision centers.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃู†ุดุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ ุจุตุฑูŠุฉ.
08:43
These are truly paperless offices
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ู…ูƒุงุชุจ ู„ุง ุชุญูˆูŠ ูˆุซุงุฆู‚
08:45
with completely electronic medical records and so on.
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ูู‚ุท ุณุฌู„ุงุช ุทุจูŠุฉ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ุดุงุจู‡.
08:49
They receive comprehensive eye exams.
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ูŠุชู„ู‚ูˆู† ุงู„ูƒุดูˆูุงุช ุงู„ุดุงู…ู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนูŠู† .
08:52
We kind of changed the simple digital camera into a retinal camera,
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ุบูŠุฑู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุงู„ุฑู‚ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุŒ
08:56
and then every patient gets their teleconsultation with a doctor.
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุญุตู„ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู„ู‰ ูุญุต ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ูŠูุฌู’ุฑูŠู‡ ุทุจูŠุจ.
09:02
The effect of this has been that, within the first year,
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ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ูˆ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุŒ
09:06
we really had a 40 percent penetration in the market that it served,
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ุญู‚ู‚ู†ุง ุงุฎุชุฑุงู‚ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ูŠุจู„ุบ 40 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉุŒ
09:11
which is over 50,000 people.
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ุงูŠ ุจูˆุงู‚ุน ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 50.000 ุดุฎุต.
09:13
And the second year went up to 75 percent.
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ูˆูˆุตู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุนุงุฏู„ 75 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ.
09:15
So I think we have a process by which
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ู†ู…ู„ูƒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนู…ู„ ุชุณู…ุญ
09:17
we can really penetrate into the market
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ู„ู†ุง ุจุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงุฎุชุฑุงู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚
09:19
and reach everyone who needs it,
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ูˆุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒู„ู‘ ู…ู† ู‡ู… ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุŒ
09:22
and in this process of using technology, make sure
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ูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุŒ ู†ุถู…ู†
09:25
that most don't need to come to the base hospital.
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ุฃู† ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฌูŠุก ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ.
09:28
And how much will they pay for this?
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ูˆู…ุง ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ู…ุง ุณูŠุฏูุนูˆู† ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
09:30
We fixed the pricing, taking into account
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ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุซุจูŠุช ุงู„ุชุณุนูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฐ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุนุชุจุงุฑ
09:33
what they would save in bus fare in coming to a city,
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ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ุณูŠุฏู‘ุฎุฑูˆู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุงูู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุŒ
09:37
so they pay about 20 rupees, and that's good for three consultations.
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ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู†ู‘ู‡ู… ูŠุฏูุนูˆู† ู†ุญูˆ 20 ุฑูˆุจูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู…ุฑ ุฌูŠุฏ ู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงุณุชุดุงุฑุงุช.
09:41
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
09:44
The other challenge was, how do you give high-tech
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ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูƒุงู†ุŒ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชูˆูุฑ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง
09:47
or more advanced treatment and care?
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ุฃูˆ ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชู‚ุฏู…ุงุŸ
09:50
We designed a van with a VSAT,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุตู…ูŠู… ุนุฑุจุฉ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ู…ุฑ ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนูŠ "VSAT"ุŒ
09:53
which sends out images of patients to the base hospital
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฑุณู„ ุตูˆุฑุง ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ
09:57
where it is diagnosed,
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ุญูŠุซ ูŠุชู… ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุŒ
10:00
and then as the patient is waiting, the report goes back to the patient,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุตุฏุฏ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุธุงุฑุŒ ูŠุนูˆุฏ ุงู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑุŒ
10:04
it gets printed out, the patient gets it,
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ูŠุชู…ู‘ ุทุจุนู‡ุงุŒ ูˆุชูุณูŽู„ู‘ู… ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุŒ
10:07
and then gets a consultation about what they should be doing --
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ูˆูŠุญุตู„ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุดุงูˆุฑ ุญูˆู„ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ูŠูุนู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุŒ
10:10
I mean, go see a doctor or come back after six months,
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ุฃุนู†ูŠ ุŒ ุฃู† ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ู„ูŠุฑู‰ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจ ุฃูˆ ูŠุนูˆุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุณุชุฉ ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุŒ
10:13
and then this happens as a way of
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ูŠู…ุซู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ
10:15
bridging the technology competence.
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ู„ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ.
10:20
So the impact of all this has been essentially one of growing the market,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุชู†ุงู…ูŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ุŒ
10:24
because it focused on the non-customer,
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุงุกุŒ
10:27
and then by reaching the unreached,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุจุงุณุชู‡ุฏุงู ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‡ุฏููŠู†ุŒ
10:30
we're able to significantly grow the market.
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ู†ุญู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ูŠู†ู…ูˆ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ.
10:32
The other aspect is how do you deal with this efficiently
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ูˆุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ูˆ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ
10:36
when you have very few ophthalmologists?
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุนุฏุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุฃุทุจุงุก ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู†ุŸ
10:39
So what is in this video is a surgeon operating,
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ูŠุนุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠู‘ุฉุŒ
10:42
and then you see on the other side,
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ูˆุชุดุงู‡ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุŒ
10:44
another patient is getting ready.
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ู…ุฑูŠุถุง ุขุฎุฑ ุจุตุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฅุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ.
10:46
So, as they finish the surgery,
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ูุจู…ุฌุฑู‘ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชู‡ุงุก ู…ู† ุงุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉุŒ
10:49
they just swing the microscope over,
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ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ูŠุชุฏูˆูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ
10:52
the tables are placed so that their distance is just right,
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ูŠุชู… ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุทู‘ุงูˆู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุงูุฉ ู…ุนูŠู‘ู†ุฉุŒ
10:56
and then we need to do this, because, by doing this kind of process,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุŒ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒุŒ
10:59
we're able to more than quadruple the productivity of the surgeon.
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ู†ุญู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุถุงุนูุฉ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑู‘ุงุญ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ุฑู‘ุงุช.
11:04
And then to support the surgeon,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ู„ุฏุนู… ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญ ุŒ
11:06
we require a certain workforce.
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ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ.
11:09
And then we focused on village girls that we recruited,
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ุฑูƒุฒู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูุชูŠุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ุงุชู‰ ุชู… ุชุนูŠูŠู†ู‡ู†ู‘ ุŒ
11:13
and then they really are the backbone of the organization.
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ูˆู‡ู… ุญู‚ุง ูŠูู…ูŽุซู‘ู„ู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ ู„ู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ.
11:16
They do almost all of the skill-based routine tasks.
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ุจุงู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ู†ู‘ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจูƒู„ู‘ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงู… ุงู„ุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช.
11:20
They do one thing at a time. They do it extremely well.
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ูŠูŽู‚ูู…ู’ู†ูŽ ุจุดู‰ุก ูˆุงุญุฏุง ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ. ูˆู‡ู† ูŠูุนู„ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฌูŠุฏ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ.
11:23
With the result we have very high productivity,
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุตุจุญุช ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุŒ
11:26
very high quality at very, very low cost.
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ุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุจุชูƒู„ูุฉ ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุฌุฏุง.
11:31
So, putting all this together, what really happened was
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูˆุถุนู†ุง ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ู…ุนุงุŒ ู†ุฑู‰ ุฃู†ู‘ ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู‡ูˆ
11:34
the productivity of our staff was
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ุฃู†ู‘ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุธููŠู†ุง
11:37
significantly higher than anyone else.
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ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุดุฎุต ุขุฎุฑ.
11:40
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
11:46
This is a very busy table,
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฏูˆู„ ู…ุฒุฏุญู… ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุŒ
11:48
but what this really is conveying is that,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ูŠุชู…ู‘ ุชู†ุงู‚ู„ู‡ ุญู‚ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ุŒ
11:50
when it comes to quality, we have put in
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุŒ ุฃุณุณู†ุง
11:52
very good quality-assurance systems.
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ู†ุธู…ุง ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู„ุถู…ุงู† ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉ .
11:55
As a result, our complications are significantly lower
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ูˆู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูุงู„ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏุงุช ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฃู‚ู„ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ
11:58
than what has been reported in the United Kingdom,
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ู…ู† ู…ุง ุชู… ุงู„ุฅุจู„ุงุบ ุนู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ
12:01
and you don't see those kind of numbers very often.
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ูˆู„ู† ุชุฑู‰ ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุฃุฑู‚ุงู…ุง ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡.
12:04
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
12:06
So the final part of the puzzle is,
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ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญุฌูŠุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุŒ
12:08
how do you make all this work financially,
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ูƒูŠู ุชุญู‚ู‚ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ
12:11
especially when the people can't pay for it?
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ูˆุฎุตูˆุตุง ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุนุงุฌุฒูŠู† ุนู† ุฏูุน ุซู…ู†ู‡ุงุŸ
12:14
So what we did was, we gave away a lot of it for free,
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุŒ ุฃู†ู‘ู†ุง ู‚ุฏู…ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ุฌุงู†ุงุŒ
12:18
and then those who pay, I mean, they paid local market rates,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฏูุนูˆู† ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุŒ ูŠุฏูุนูˆู† ุฃุณุนุงุฑ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ
12:21
nothing more, and often much less.
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ู„ูŠุณ ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ ูˆูƒุซูŠุฑุง ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ุŒ
12:23
And we were helped by the market inefficiency.
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ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ุณุงุนุฏุชู†ุง ุนุฏู… ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚.
12:26
I think that has been a big savior, even now.
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ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ู†ู‚ุฐ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู†.
12:29
And, of course, one needs the mindset to be wanting to give away
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ูˆุจุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุŒ ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฑุก ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ ุนู‚ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฏุฎุฑูˆู†
12:33
what you have as a surplus.
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ู…ุง ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ู…ู† ูุงุฆุถ.
12:36
The result has been, over the years,
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑ ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู† ุŒ
12:38
the expenditure has increased with volumes.
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ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ูู‚ุงุช ู…ุน ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช.
12:40
The revenues increase at a higher level,
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ูˆุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏุงุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุŒ
12:42
giving us a healthy margin
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ุฃู…ู‘ู† ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุงู…ุดุง ุตุญูŠุง
12:44
while you're treating a large number of people for free.
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ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจุตุฏุฏ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู…ุฌุงู†ุง.
12:48
I think in absolute terms,
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ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ู‚ุฉ ุŒ
12:50
last year we earned about 20-odd million dollars,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุŒ
12:53
spent about 13 million, with over a 40 percent EBITA.
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ุตุฑูู†ุง ู†ุญูˆ 13 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุŒ ู…ุน ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 40 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุงุญ (ุฏูˆู† ุงุญุชุณุงุจ ุงู„ููˆุงุฆุฏ ูˆุงู„ุถุฑุงุฆุจ...)
12:58
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
13:06
But this really requires going beyond what we do,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ูŠุชุทู„ุจ ุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ุŒ
13:09
or what we have done,
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ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ุŒ
13:12
if you really want to achieve solving this problem of blindness.
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ู‘ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุญู‚ุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุชู‡ุงุก ู…ู† ุญู„ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู‰.
13:15
And what we did was a couple of very counter-intuitive things.
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ูˆู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุจุถุนุฉ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุบูŠุฑ ุจุฏูŠู‡ูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง.
13:19
We created competition for ourselves,
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ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ุฎู„ู‚ู†ุง ู…ู†ุงูุณุฉ ู„ุฃู†ูุณู†ุงุŒ
13:22
and then we made eye care affordable
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ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุนูŠูˆู† ุจุฃุณุนุงุฑ ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„ุฉ
13:25
by making low-cost consumables.
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒูŠุฉ ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ.
13:28
We proactively and systematically
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ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุญูˆ ุงุณุชุจุงู‚ูŠ ุŒ ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุฌูŠ ุŒ
13:31
promoted these practices to many hospitals in India,
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ุจุชุตุฏูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู…ุงุฑุณุงุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏ ุŒ
13:35
many in our own backyards and then in other parts of the world as well.
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ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฏูŠุงุฑู†ุง ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ููŠ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุฃูŠุถุง.
13:38
The impact of this has been that these hospitals,
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ุฃุซุฑ ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ุŒ
13:42
in the second year after our consultation,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุนุฏ ุชุดุงูˆุฑู†ุง ุŒ
13:45
are double their output
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ุชู…ูƒู‘ู†ุช ู…ู† ู…ุถุงุนูุฉ ุงู†ุชุงุฌู‡ุง
13:47
and then achieve financial recovery as well.
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ูˆุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู†ุชุนุงุด ู…ุงู„ูŠ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
13:53
The other part was how do you address
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ูˆูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‘ุนุงุทูŠ
13:56
this increase in cost of technology?
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุงุŸ
14:00
There was a time when we failed to negotiate
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ูุดู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงุญุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงูˆุถ
14:03
the [intra-ocular lens] prices to be at affordable levels,
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ุจุดุฃู† ุฌุนู„ ุฃุณุนุงุฑ [ุนุฏุณุฉ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุนูŠู†] ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„ุฉ ุŒ
14:05
so we set up a manufacturing unit.
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ูู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุฅู†ุดุงุก ูˆุญุฏุฉ ุชุตู†ูŠุน.
14:09
And then, over time, we were able to bring down the cost significantly
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุŒ ู…ุน ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุŒ ุชู…ูƒู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุชูƒุงู„ูŠู ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ
14:13
to about two percent of what it used to be when we started out.
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ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ุญูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ุนู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุจู‡ุง.
14:18
Today, we believe we have about seven percent of the global market,
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ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ ู†ุญู† ู†ุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู†ุญูˆ ุณุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุŒ
14:22
and they're used in about 120-odd countries.
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ูˆูŠุฌุฑูŠ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 120 ุจู„ุฏุง.
14:26
To conclude, I mean, what we do, does it have a broader relevance,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฎุชุงู… ุŒ ู‡ู„ ู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ ุฃูˆุณุนุŒ
14:31
or is it just India or developing countries?
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ุฃู… ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠู‚ุชุตุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงู…ูŠุฉุŸ
14:36
So to address this, we studied UK versus Aravind.
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ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุŒ ุฏุฑุณู†ุง ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ "ุฃุฑุงููŠู†ุฏ".
14:43
What it shows is that we do roughly about 60 percent
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ู…ุง ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู† ู†ุญูˆ 60 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ
14:46
of the volume of what the UK does,
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ู…ู† ุญุฌู… ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ
14:49
near a half-million surgeries as a whole country.
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ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู† ู†ุตู ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ ุจุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡.
14:52
And we do about 300,000.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 300.000
14:55
And then we train about 50 ophthalmologists
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ุซู…ู‘ ู†ุญู† ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุชุฏุฑูŠุจ ู†ุญูˆ 50 ุทุจูŠุจ ุนูŠูˆู†
14:58
against the 70 trained by them,
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ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ 70 ู…ุฏุฑุจูŠู† ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ู‡ู… ุŒ
15:01
comparable quality, both in training and in patient care.
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ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ุŒ ุณูˆุงุก ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุชุฏุฑูŠุจ ูˆุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰.
15:04
So we're really comparing apples to apples.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูู†ุญู† ุญู‚ู‘ุง ู†ู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุชูุงุญ ุจุงู„ุชูุงุญ.
15:07
We looked at cost.
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ุงู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูƒุงู„ูŠู.
15:09
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
15:11
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
15:17
So, I think it is simple to say
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณู‡ู„ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„
15:19
just because the U.K. isn't India the difference is happening.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏ.
15:23
I think there is more to it.
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ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ.
15:25
I mean, I think one has to look at other aspects as well.
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ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุก ุฃู† ูŠู†ุธุฑ ููŠ ุฌูˆุงู†ุจ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฃูŠุถุง.
15:27
Maybe there is --
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ุฑุจู…ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ --
15:29
the solution to the cost could be in productivity,
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญู„ ุงู„ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉุŒ
15:33
maybe in efficiency, in the clinical process,
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ุฑุจู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑูŠุฉุŒ
15:36
or in how much they pay for the lenses or consumables,
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ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ู…ุง ูŠุฏูุน ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฏุณุงุช ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ
15:39
or regulations, their defensive practice.
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุทุจู‘ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุงุฆูŠ.
15:42
So, I think decoding this can probably bring
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ููƒ ุฑู…ูˆุฒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฌุญ ุฃู† ูŠูˆูุฑ
15:45
answers to most developed countries
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ุฅุฌุงุจุงุช ู„ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุฏู…ุฉ
15:50
including the U.S., and maybe
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ุจู…ุง ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ูˆุฑุจู…ุง
15:52
Obama's ratings can go up again.
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ุดุนุจูŠู‘ุฉ "ุฃูˆุจุงู…ุง" ุฃู† ุชุฑุชูุน ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
15:55
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
15:59
Another insight, which, again, I want to leave with you,
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ุชุจุตุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุŒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃูˆุฏุนู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ุŒ
16:03
in conditions where the problem is very large,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุŒ
16:06
which cuts across all economic strata,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุดู…ู„ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉ ุŒ
16:08
where we have a good solution,
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ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุญู„ู‘ ุฌูŠุฏ ุŒ
16:11
I think the process I described,
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ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุตูุชู‡ุง ุŒ
16:13
you know, productivity, quality, patient-centered care,
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ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุŒุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุŒ
16:17
can give an answer,
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุนุทูŠ ุฌูˆุงุจุง ุŒ
16:20
and there are many which fit this paradigm.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุตู„ุญ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ.
16:22
You take dentistry, hearing aid, maternity and so on.
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ูƒุทุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุŒ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงุณุชู…ุงุน ุŒ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุŒ ูˆู‡ู„ู… ุฌุฑุง.
16:25
There are many where this paradigm can now play,
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ุฃูŠู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุฃู† ูŠุนู…ู„ุŒ
16:28
but I think probably one of the most challenging things
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฑุฌุญ ุฃู†ู‘ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุตุนูˆุจุฉ
16:30
is on the softer side.
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ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‘ู‚ ุจุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูˆุญูŠู‘.
16:32
Now, how do you create compassion?
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ุฉุŸ
16:34
Now, how do you make people own the problem,
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ูƒูŠู ุชุฌุนู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุชุจู†ู‘ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ
16:36
want to do something about it?
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[ู†ุฌุนู„ู‡ู… ูŠุดุนุฑูˆู† ุงู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู†] ุฃู† ูŠูุนู„ูˆุง ุดูŠุฆุง ุญูŠุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
16:38
There are a bit harder issues.
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู‚ุถุงูŠุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุตุนูˆุจุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูŠุก.
16:40
And I'm sure people in this crowd can probably find the solutions to these.
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุดุฏ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฑุฌุญ ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุญู„ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ุง.
16:44
So I want to end my talk leaving this thought and challenge to you.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู†ู‡ูŠ ุญุฏูŠุซูŠ ุจุงุนุทุงุฆูƒู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ.
16:47
Dr. V: When you grow in spiritual consciousness,
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ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูู‰. : ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุชุฑุนุฑุน ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ ุงู„ุฑูˆุญูŠุŒ
16:50
we identify with all that is in the world
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ู†ุทุงุจู‚ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง ู…ุน ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ
16:53
so there is no exploitation.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ูŠุณ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„.
16:56
It is ourselves we are helping.
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ูู†ุญู† ู†ุณุงุนุฏ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง .
16:58
It is ourselves we are healing.
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุดููŠ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง.
17:01
TR: Thank you very much.
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ุซูˆู„ุงุณูŠุฑุงุฌ ุฑุงููŠู„ุง: ุดูƒุฑุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุง.
17:03
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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