The myth of Gawain and the Green Knight - Dan Kwartler

1,394,839 views ・ 2022-02-03

TED-Ed


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翻译人员: Elena W 校对人员: Helen Chang
00:06
It was Christmas time in Camelot and King Arthur was throwing a party.
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卡米洛特的圣诞节, 亚瑟王在城堡开派对。
00:12
The entire court was invited— save the wicked sorceress Morgan le Fay—
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除了邪恶的女巫摩根勒菲之外 全宫廷的人都被邀请,
00:17
and food and drink flowed freely.
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自由畅饮和进食。
00:20
But in the midst of the revelry, the castle doors split open.
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但狂欢之际 城堡的门突然敞开,
00:25
A towering knight riding an emerald steed burst into the room,
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一位骑着翡翠骏马的 骑士冲进房间,
00:29
stunning the court into silence.
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令宫廷陷入沉默。
00:32
Then, in a deep bellowing voice, he proposed a game.
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接着,他提议玩一个游戏。
00:37
The Green Knight declared he would allow
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绿衣骑士宣布,
00:39
the bravest warrior present to attack him with his own axe.
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他将允许在场最勇敢的战士 用他自己的斧头攻击他。
00:44
If they could strike him down, they would win his powerful weapon.
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如果能打倒他,那位战士 可以赢得他的斧头。
00:49
However, the knight would be allowed to return that blow
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但是,绿衣骑士会在
00:53
in one year and one day.
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一年零一天后还击。
00:56
Arthur and his knights were baffled.
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亚瑟和他的骑士们十分困惑。
00:59
No man could survive such a strike.
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没有人能从这样的 袭击中存活下来。
01:02
The Green Knight began to mock their leader’s hesitance,
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绿衣骑士嘲笑 亚瑟的犹豫不决。
01:05
and Arthur stood to defend his honor.
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正当亚瑟站起来 捍卫他的荣誉时,
01:07
But as soon as he gripped the axe, another leapt to take his place.
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另一个人跳起来 代替了他的位置。
01:12
Arthur’s nephew, Sir Gawain, took the weapon instead.
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亚瑟的侄子加文爵士 拿起了的武器。
01:16
And with one swift strike, he beheaded the grinning knight.
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他迅速一击,砍掉了 绿衣骑士的头。
01:22
But the moment his skull met the ground, it began to laugh.
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绿衣骑士的脑袋 落地时大笑起来。
01:27
The Green Knight collected his head and mounted his horse.
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他捡起自己的头颅,骑上马。
01:30
As he rode off, his severed head reminded Gawain of their contract
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离开时,他提醒加文,
01:35
and told him to seek the Green Chapel one year hence.
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一年后去寻找绿色教堂。
01:40
In the months that followed, Gawain tried to forget this bizarre vision.
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接下来的几个月里,加文 试图忘记那奇怪的经历。
01:44
But despite the strangeness of the knight’s game,
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尽管绿衣骑士的游戏很奇怪,
01:47
he was determined to act honorably.
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加文决定遵守诺言。
01:50
When the following winter approached, he set out—
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第二年的冬天,他出发了,
01:53
enduring foul weather and beastly encounters
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忍受着恶劣的天气和遭遇,
01:56
in his quest to find the mysterious Green Chapel.
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去寻找神秘的绿色教堂。
02:01
Finally, on Christmas Eve, he saw a shimmering castle on the horizon.
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平安夜,他来到了 一座闪闪发光的城堡。
02:06
The castle’s lord and lady were thrilled to help such an honorable guest,
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城堡的勋爵夫妇很高兴 帮助加文这样尊贵的客人,
02:10
and informed him that the Green Chapel was only a short ride away.
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并告诉他绿色教堂离城堡很近。
02:15
They implored Gawain to rest at their home until his meeting with the Green Knight.
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他们恳求加文在与绿衣骑士 会面之前留在城堡休息。
02:21
Thrilled at this news, Gawain happily accepted their offer.
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加文也高兴地 接受了他们的好意。
02:24
However, in exchange for their hospitality,
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然而,作为对他们 热情好客的交换,
02:27
the lord made a strange request.
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勋爵提出了一个奇怪的要求。
02:30
Over the next three days, he would go hunting and share his spoils every night.
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接下来的三天里,他会 与加文分享打猎的战利品。
02:35
In return, Gawain must give him whatever he’d gained during his day at the castle.
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作为回报,加文必须给他 在城堡里得到的一切。
02:41
At first, Gawain was perplexed by these strange terms.
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起初,加文对这奇怪的 条件感到十分不解。
02:45
But the lord’s meaning became quite clear the next day,
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但当勋爵夫人 试图勾引加文时,
02:48
when his wife tried to seduce Gawain.
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他明白了勋爵的意思。
02:51
To rebuff the lady’s advances without offending her honor,
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为了委婉的拒绝她的追求,
02:55
Gawain allowed one kiss—
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加文允许夫人吻他一下。
02:58
which he then passed on to her husband in exchange for a slain dear.
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当晚,加文把这个吻给了勋爵, 换取了一头鹿。
03:03
The next day, Gawain allowed two kisses, which he gave to the lord for a dead boar.
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第二天,加文得到了两个吻, 用来和勋爵换取一头野猪。
03:08
But on the third day, the lady offered more than just three kisses.
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但在第三天,勋爵夫人
03:13
She presented a magical sash that would protect Gawain
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给了加文一条魔法腰带,
可以保护他免受 绿衣骑士的攻击。
03:17
from the Green Knight’s blade.
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03:19
Gawain accepted immediately, but that evening, when the lord returned,
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加文立即接受了这份礼物, 但当晚上勋爵返回后,
03:24
the knight offered only three kisses with no mention of his enchanted gift.
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他只亲吻了勋爵三下, 并没有向提到那条魔法腰带。
03:30
The next morning, Gawain rode out to the Green Chapel—
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第二天早上,加文 来到绿色教堂——
03:33
a simple mound of earth
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一处简陋的土堆,
03:35
where the Green Knight ominously sharpened an axe.
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绿衣骑士在这里磨着斧头。
03:39
With the sash’s protection, Gawain approached stoically—
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在腰带的保护下, 加文走向前,
03:43
determined to honor his agreement.
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决心履行自己的协议。
03:45
He bowed his head for the deadly blow, and with a massive swing,
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他低下头等待致命的一击, 绿衣骑士挥舞着巨大的刀剑,
03:49
the Green Knight cut Gawain’s neck—
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斩向加文的脖子,
03:52
inflicting nothing more than a flesh wound.
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只造成了一道伤痕。
03:56
Once more, Gawain was bewildered.
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加文再次震惊了。
03:58
Why hadn’t the sash protected him?
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为什么腰带没有保护自己?
04:01
And why hadn’t the knight killed him?
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为什么绿衣骑士没有杀死自己?
04:04
Bursting into laughter, the Green Knight revealed himself to be the castle’s lord,
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绿衣骑士大笑起来, 表示自己就是那位勋爵,
04:09
and he’d been working with Morgan Le Fay
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他与摩根勒菲一起
04:11
to test the honor and bravery of Arthur’s knights.
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想测试亚瑟骑士们的荣誉和英勇。
04:16
He was impressed with Gawain’s behavior,
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他很赞赏加文的表现。
04:18
and he’d planned to spare his neck entirely—
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他本来打算完全不伤害加文,
04:21
until Gawain concealed the sash.
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直到他把腰带藏起来。
04:24
Filled with shame, Gawain returned to Camelot.
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加文羞愧地回到了卡米洛特。
04:28
But to his surprise, his companions absolved him of blame
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但令他惊讶的是, 他的同伴们并没有责怪他,
04:32
and celebrated his valor.
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而是赞扬了他的英勇。
04:34
Struggling to understand this strange journey,
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加文无法理解 这段奇怪的旅程。
04:37
it seemed to Gawain that perhaps the whole world was playing a game—
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他想,也许整个世界正如一场戏,
04:43
with rules more wild and bewildering than any man could understand.
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而游戏的规则疯狂、 混乱到无人能理解。
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