Should we eat bugs? - Emma Bryce

Translator: Nazarbek Nazarov Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

[Why don't we eat bugs?]

[Nega biz qumursqalarni yemaymiz?]

For centuries, people have consumed bugs,

Asrlar davomida odamlar hasharotlarni, qo'ng'izlardan

everything from beetles

tortib kapalak qurti,

to caterpillars, locusts,

chigirtkalar-u termitlar va

grasshoppers, termites, and dragonflies.

ninachilargacha iste'mol qilishgan.

The practice even has a name:

Bu amaliyotning hatto nomi ham bor:

entomophagy.

entomofagiya.

Early hunter-gatherers probably learned from animals

Ilk ovchilar, balki, buni oqsillarga boy hasharotlar bilan

that foraged for protein-rich insects and followed suit.

oziqlanuvchi va ularga ergashuvchi hayvonlardan o'rganishgandir.

As we evolved and bugs became part of our dietary tradition,

Biz rivojlanib, hasharotlar bizning parhez an'analarimizga aylanganida,

they fulfilled the role of both staple food and delicacy.

ular asosiy oziq-ovqat va noziklikning rolini bajardilar.

In ancient Greece, cicadas were considered luxury snacks.

Qadimgi Yunonistonda sikadalarga hashamatli taom sifatida qaralgan.

And even the Romans found beetle larvae to be scrumptious.

Va hatto Rimliklar ham qo'ng'iz lichinkalarini g'ayrioddiy deb topganlar.

Why have we lost our taste for bugs?

Nega biz qumursqalarga bo'lgan ehtiyojimizni

The reason for our rejection is historical,

yo'qotdik? Bunday cheklanishimizning sababi tarixga borib

and the story probably begins

taqaladi va bu voqea, ehtimol

around 10,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent,

miloddan avvalgi 10000 - yilda O'rta Sharqda

a place in the Middle East

qishloq xo'jaligining asosiy

that was a major birthplace of agriculture.

vatani bo'lgan Fertil Crescent da boshlanadi.

Back then, our once-nomadic ancestors began to settle in the Crescent.

O'sha vaqtlarda ko'chmanchi bo'lgan ajdod- larimiz Crescent ga joylasha boshlashdi.

And as they learned to farm crops and domesticate animals there,

Va ular yerda ekinlarni yetishtirish va hayvonlarni xonakilashtirishni

attitudes changed,

o'rgangan vaqtda, qarashlar

rippling outwards towards Europe and the rest of the Western world.

o'zgarib, bu Yevropa, umuman G'arbiy dunyoning yarimiga yetib borgan.

As farming took off,

Dehqonchilik boshlanganda,

people might have spurned bugs as mere pests

odamlar hasharotlarni hosilni yo'q qiladigan zararkunandalarga

that destroyed their crops.

aylantirgan bo'lishi mumkin.

Populations grew, and the West became urbanized,

Aholi ko'payib, G'arb shaharlashgan,

weakening connections with our foraging past.

o'tmishdagi oziq izlash muammolari ham susaydi.

People simply forgot their bug-rich history.

Odamlar shunchaki hasharotga boy tarixni unutdilar.

Today, for people not accustomed to entomophagy,

Bugun entomofagiya bilan tanish bo'lmaganlarga qumursqa

bugs are just an irritant.

shunchaki qichima uyg'otuvchidir.

They sting and bite and infest our food.

Ular bizning ovqatimizga qo'nadi, tishlaydi va zararlantiradi.

We feel an "ick factor" associated with them

Biz ular bilan bog'liq bo'lgan "achchiq omil" ni

and are disgusted by the prospect of cooking insects.

his qilamiz va hasharotlarni pishirishdan jirkanamiz.

Almost 2,000 insect species are turned into food,

Deyarli 2000 hasharot turlari oziq-ovqatga aylanib,

forming a big part of everyday diets

dunyo bo'ylab ikki milliard odam uchun

for two billion people around the world.

kundalik ovqatlanishning katta qismini tashkil etadi.

Countries in the tropics are the keenest consumers,

Tropik mamlakatlar hasharotlarni sevib iste'mol qiluvchilardir,

because culturally, it's acceptable.

chunki madaniy tomondan bu qabul qilingan.

Species in those regions are also large, diverse,

Ushbu mintaqalarda tarqalgan turlar yirik va xilma-xil bo'lib,

and tend to congregate in groups or swarms

ularni yig'ib olishni osonlashtiruvchi guruh yoki

that make them easy to harvest.

to'da bo'lish tendentsiyasiga ega.

Take Cambodia in Southeast Asia

Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyodagi Kambodjani

where huge tarantulas are gathered,

olaylik, u yerda ulkan tarantulalar yig'iladi,

fried, and sold in the marketplace.

qovuriladi va bozorlarda sotiladi.

In southern Africa,

Afrikaning janubida

the juicy mopane worm is a dietary staple,

suvli mopan qurti parhez mahsulotidir,

simmered in a spicy sauce

achchiq sousga solingan yoki

or eaten dried and salted.

quritilgan va tuzlangan holda iste'mol qilinadi.

And in Mexico, chopped jumiles are toasted with garlic, lemon, and salt.

Meksikada esa to'g'ralgan jumililar sarimsoq, limon va tuz bilan qovuriladi.

Bugs can be eaten whole to make up a meal

Qumursqalarni to'liq iste'mol qilish uchun

or ground into flour, powder, and paste to add to food.

ovqatni tayyorlash yoki un, kukun va xamirga qo'shish mumkin.

But it's not all about taste.

Ammo barchasi ta'mga bog'liq emas.

They're also healthy.

Bu salomatlik uchun zarur.

In fact, scientists say entomophagy could be a cost-effective solution

Olimlar entomofagiya rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar uchun oziq-ovqat masalasida

for developing countries that are food insecure.

iqtisodiy jihatdan samarali yechim bo'lishi mumkin deyishadi

Insects can contain up to 80% protein,

Hasharotlarda 80% gacha protein mavjud, va ular

the body's vital building blocks,

organizmning hayotiy muhim tarkibiy

and are also high in energy-rich fat,

qismlari bo'lib, katta energiyaga ega yog', tola,

fiber, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals.

vitaminlar va minerallar singari mikroelementlarga ega.

Did you know that most edible insects contain the same amount

Bilasizmi, ko'pchilik yeyish mumkin bo'lgan hasharotlar tarkibi

or even more mineral iron than beef,

mol go'shti bilan bir xil miqdorda yoki undan ko'proq mineral

making them a huge, untapped resource when you consider that iron deficiency

temir moddasiga ega. Temir tanqisligini hozirgi kunda dunyodagi eng keng tarqalgan

is currently the most common nutritional problem in the world?

oziqlanish muammosi deb hisoblasak, ular ulkan, foydalanilmagan manba emasmi?

The mealworm is another nutritious example.

Taom qurtlari yana bir to'yimli misoldir.

The yellow beetle larvae are native to America and easy to farm.

Sariq qo'ng'iz lichinkalari vatani Amerikada ularni yetishtirish oson.

They have a high vitamin content,

Ularning tarkibi vitaminlarga boy,

loads of healthy minerals,

foydali minerallar ko'p,

and can contain up to 50% protein,

hattoki, deyarli 50 foizgacha oqsil bo'lishi mumkin,

almost as much as in an equivalent amount of beef.

ya'ni hu mol go'shti tarkibidagi miqdor bilan teng.

To cook, simply sauté in butter and salt

Uni pishirish uchun shunchaki sariyog' va tuzga soling

or roast and drizzle with chocolate for a crunchy snack.

yoki qovurdoq va sho'rlangan gazak uchun shokolad seping.

What you have to overcome in "ick factor,"

"Yoqimsiz omil"dagi yengish kerak bo'lgan

you gain in nutrition and taste.

narsa, ovqatlanish va ta'mga ega bo'lish.

Indeed, bugs can be delicious.

Hasharotlar mazali bo'lishi mumkin.

Mealworms taste like roasted nuts.

Taom qurtlari qovurilgan yong'oqqa kabidir.

Locusts are similar to shrimp.

Chigirtkalar qisqichbaqalarga o'xshaydi.

Crickets, some people say, have an aroma of popcorn.

Kriketlarda, ba'zi odamlar aytadiki, popkorn xushbo'yligi bor.

Farming insects for food also has less environmental impact

Hasharotlarni oziq-ovqat uchun yetishtirish, shuningdek, chorvachilik

than livestock farms do

fermalariga qaraganda kamroq

because insects emit far less greenhouse gas

ekologik ta'sirga ega, chunki hasharotlar juda kam issiqxona

and use up less space, water, and food.

gazini chiqaradi va kam joy, suv va oziq-ovqat sarflaydi.

Socioeconomically, bug production

Ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tomondan, hasharot ta'minoti

could uplift people in developing countries

rivojlanayotgan davlatlardagi odamlarni

since insect farms can be small scale,

rivojlantirishi mumkin, chunki hasharot fermalari

highly productive, and yet relatively inexpensive to keep.

kichik hajmli, yuqori mahsuldor va saqlash uchun arzon bo'lishi ham mumkin.

Insects can also be turned into more sustainable food for livestock

Hasharotlarni chorva mollari uchun barqaror oziq-ovqat mahsulotlariga

and can be reared on organic waste,

aylantirish, o'simlik polizlari kabi organik

like vegetable peelings,

chiqindilarda yetishtirish

that might otherwise just end up rotting in landfills.

mumkin, aks holda chiqindixonalarda chirishi mumkin.

Feeling hungry yet?

Ochlikni his qilmayapsizmi?

Faced with a plate of fried crickets, most people today would still recoil,

Bir likopcha qovurilgan kriket bilan duch kelgan odamlarning aksariyati bugun

imagining all those legs and feelers getting stuck between their teeth.

ham oyoqlari va sezgichlari tish orasida qolishini tasavvur qilib, chekinishadi.

But think of a lobster.

Omar haqida bir o'ylang.

It's pretty much just a giant insect with legs and feelers galore

Bu deyarli oyoqlari va sezgichlari bo'lgan ulkan hasharotdir,

that was once regarded as an inferior, repulsive food.

ular ilgari oddiy, jirkanch oziq-ovqat sifatida qabul qilingan.

Now, lobster is a delicacy.

Hozirda, omar - bu nafosat.

Can the same paradigm shift happen for bugs?

Xuddi shu paradigma o'zgarishi sodir bo'lishi mumkinmi?

So, give it a try!

Xullas, sinab ko'ring!

Pop that insect into your mouth,

Uni og'zingizga soling va

and savor the crunch.

qarsillashidan lazzatlaning.