Why should you read Virginia Woolf? - Iseult Gillespie

Zašto bi trebalo da čitate Virdžiniju Vulf? - Izolt Gilespi (Iseult Gillespie)

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković

What if William Shakespeare had a sister who matched his imagination,

Šta da je Vilijam Šekspir imao sestru jednaku njemu po imaginaciji,

his wit, and his way with words?

duhovitosti i rečitosti?

Would she have gone to school and set the stage alight?

Da li bi pohađala školu i zagospodarila scenom?

In her essay "A Room of One's Own,"

U njenom eseju: "Sopstvena soba",

Virginia Woolf argues that this would have been impossible.

Virdžinija Vulf argumentuje da bi to bilo nemoguće.

She concocts a fictional sister who's stuck at home,

Izmislila je fiktivnu sestru koja je zaglavljena u kući,

snatching time to scribble a few pages

krade vreme da bi naškrabala koju stranicu

before she finds herself betrothed and runs away.

pre nego što se zatekne verenom i pobegne.

While her brother finds fame and fortune, she remains abandoned and anonymous.

Dok njen brat stiče slavu i bogatstvo, ona ostaje napuštena i nepoznata.

In this thought experiment,

U ovom misaonom eksperimentu,

Woolf demonstrates the tragedy of genius restricted,

Vulf pokazuje tragediju sputane genijalnosti,

and looks back through time for hints of these hidden histories.

i osvrće se nazad kroz vreme radi nagoveštaja ovih skrivenih istorija.

She wrote, "When one reads of a witch being ducked,

Zapisala je: "Kad neko čita o veštici koju utapaju,

of a woman possessed by devils,

ženi koju posedaju đavoli,

of a wise woman selling herbs,

mudroj ženi koja prodaje bilje,

or even a very remarkable man who had a mother,

pa čak i o veoma uzvišenom muškarcu koji je imao majku,

then I think we're on the track of a lost novelist,

tada mislim da smo na tragu izgubljenog romanopisca,

a suppressed poet,

potisnutog pesnika,

of some mute and inglorious Jane Austen."

nekakve neme i neslavne Džejn Ostin."

"A Room of One's Own" considers a world denied great works of art

"Sopstvena soba" razmatra svet kome su uskraćena velika umetnička dela

due to exclusion and inequality.

zbog isključivosti i nejednakosti.

How best can we understand the internal experience of alienation?

Kako da najbolje razumemo unutrašnje iskustvo otuđenosti?

In both her essays and fiction,

I u njenim esejima i fikciji,

Virginia Woolf shapes the slippery nature of subjective experience into words.

Virdžinija Vulf rečima opisuje sklisku prirodu subjektivnog iskustva.

Her characters frequently lead inner lives that are deeply at odds

Njeni likovi često vode unutrašnje živote koji su duboko u suprotnosti

with their external existence.

sa njihovim spoljašnjim postojanjem.

To help make sense of these disparities, the next time you read Woolf,

Da biste shvatili ovaj raskorak, sledeći put kad budete čitali Vulf,

here are some aspects of her life and work to consider.

evo nekih aspekata njenog života i dela koje treba razmotriti.

She was born Adeline Virginia Stephen in 1882 to a large and wealthy family,

Rođena je kao Adelin Virdžinija Stiven 1882. u velikoj i imućnoj porodici,

which enabled her to pursue a life in the arts.

što joj je omogućilo da izgradi život u svetu umetnosti.

The death of her mother in 1895 was followed by that of her half-sister,

Smrt njene majke 1895. je pratila smrt Virdžinijine polusestre,

father, and brother within the next ten years.

oca i brata u narednih deset godina.

These losses led to Woolf's first depressive episode

Ovi gubici su uzrokovali prvi nastup depresije kod Vulf,

and subsequent institutionalization.

a kasnije je institucionalizovana.

As a young woman, she purchased a house

Kao mlada žena, kupila je kuću

in the Bloomsbury area of London with her siblings.

u londonskoj oblasti Blumzburi zajedno sa njenim rođacima.

This brought her into contact with a circle of creatives,

Tako je došla u dodir s krugom kreativaca,

including E.M. Forster,

uključujući E. M. Forstera,

Clive Bell,

Klajva Bela,

Roger Fry,

Rodžera Fraja

and Leonard Woolf.

i Lenarda Vulfa.

These friends became known as the Bloomsbury Group,

Ovi prijatelji su postali čuveni kao Blumzberska grupa,

and Virginia and Leonard married in 1912.

a Virdžinija i Lenard su se venčali 1912.

The members of this group were prominent figures in Modernism,

Članovi ove grupe su bili istaknute figure modernizma,

a cultural movement that sought to push the boundaries

kulturološkog pokreta koji je težio pomeranju granica

of how reality is represented.

toga kako se stvarnost opisuje.

Key features of Modernist writing include the use of stream of consciousness,

Ključne crte modernističkog štiva uključuju upotrebu toka svesti,

interior monologue,

unutrašnji monolog,

distortions in time,

izobličenost vremena

and multiple or shifting perspectives.

i višestruke ili perspektive koje se smenjuju.

These appear in the work of Ezra Pound,

Sve se to pojavljuje u delu Ezre Paunda,

Gertrude Stein,

Gertrude Štajn,

James Joyce,

Džejmsa Džojsa,

and Woolf herself.

kao i same Vulf.

While reading Joyce's "Ulysses," Woolf began writing "Mrs. Dalloway."

Čitajući Džojsovog "Uliksa", Vulf je počela da piše "Gđu Dalovej".

Like "Ulysses," the text takes place over the course of a single day

Kao i "Uliks", tekst se dešava u periodu od samo jednog dana

and opens under seemingly mundane circumstances.

i započinje pod naoko svakidašnjim okolnostima.

"Mrs. Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself."

"Gđa Dalovej je rekla kako će ona lično da kupi cveće."

But the novel dives deeply into the characters' traumatic pasts,

Međutim, roman zaranja duboko u traumatične prošlosti likova,

weaving the inner world of numbed socialite Clarissa Dalloway,

preplićući unutrašnji svet otupele dame Klarise Dalovej

with that of the shell-shocked veteran Septimus Warren Smith.

sa životom zapanjenog veterana Septimusa Vorena Smita.

Woolf uses interior monologue to contrast the rich world of the mind

Vulf koristi unutrašnji monolog da suprotstavi bogati svet uma

against her characters' external existences.

sa spoljnim postojanjem njenih likova.

In her novel "To the Lighthouse,"

U njenom romanu "Ka svetioniku",

mundane moments, like a dinner party, or losing a necklace

svakidašnji trenuci, poput večernje zabave ili gubitka ogrlice,

trigger psychological revelations in the lives of the Ramsay's,

pokreću psihološka otkrovenja u životima Remzijevih,

a fictionalized version of Woolf's family growing up.

koji su fiktivna verzija odrastanja Vulfine porodice.

"To the Lighthouse" also contains one of the most famous examples

"Ka svetioniku" takođe sadrži jedan od najčuvenijih primera

of Woolf's radical representation of time.

Vulfinog radikalnog predstavljanja vremena.

In the Time Passes section,

U poglavlju "Vreme prolazi",

ten years are distilled into about 20 pages.

deset godina je sabijeno na oko 20 strana.

Here, the lack of human presence in the Ramsays' beach house

Ovde, odsustvo ljudi u kući Remzijevih na plaži

allows Woolf to reimagine time in flashes and fragments of prose.

omogućava Vulf da nanovo osmisli vreme kroz prisećanja i prozne fragmente.

"The house was left. The house was deserted.

"Kuća je bila napuštena. Kuća je bila pusta.

It was left like a shell on a sand hill to fill with dry salt grains

Napuštena je poput školjke na peščanom brdu da je ispune suva zrna soli

now that life had left it."

sad kad je život napustio."

In her novel "The Waves,"

U njenom romanu "Talasi",

there is little distinction between the narratives of the six main characters.

postoji mala razlika između pripovedanja o šest glavnih likova.

Woolf experiments with collective consciousness,

Vulf eksperimentiše sa kolektivnom svešću,

at times collapsing the six voices into one.

povremeno sabijajući šest glasova u jedan.

"It is not one life that I look back upon:

"Ne osvrćem se samo na jedan život:

I am not one person: I am many people:

nisam jedna osoba: ja sam mnoštvo ljudi:

I do not altogether know who I am,

sve u svemu, ne znam ko sam,

Jinny, Susan, Neville, Rhoda or Louis,

Džini, Suzan, Nevil, Roda ili Luis,

or how to distinguish my life from their's."

ili kako da razlikujem svoj život od njihovih."

In "The Waves," six become one, but in the gender-bending "Orlando,"

U "Talasima", šestoro postaje jedno, ali u "Orlandu", delu koje podriva rodove,

a single character inhabits multiple identities.

jedan lik sažima višestruke identitete.

The protagonist is a poet who switches between genders and lives for 300 years.

Glavni lik je pesnik koji menja rodove i živi 300 godina.

With its fluid language and approach to identity,

Tečnim jezikom i pristupom identitetu,

"Orlando" is considered a key text in gender studies.

"Orlando" se smatra ključnim tekstom na rodnim studijama.

The mind can only fly so far from the body

Um može tek toliko da odleti iz tela,

before it returns to the constraints of life.

pre nego se vrati ograničenjima života.

Like many of her characters, Woolf's life ended in tragedy

Slično mnogim njenim likovima, Vulfin život se završio tragično

when she drowned herself at the age of 59.

kada se utopila sa 59 godina.

Yet, she expressed hope beyond suffering.

Ipak, pisala je o nadi koja prevazilazi patnju.

Through deep thought, Woolf's characters are shown

Putem dubokog promišljanja, Vulfini likovi su prikazani

to temporarily transcend their material reality,

kako privremeno nadilaze njihovu materijalnu stvarnost,

and in its careful consideration of the complexity of the mind,

a opreznim razmatranjem složenosti uma,

her work charts the importance of making our inner lives known to each other.

njeno delo beleži važnost obznanjivanja naših unutrašnjih života drugima.