Why your phone battery gets worse over time - George Zaidan

643,037 views ใƒป 2023-08-03

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sang Jin Yi ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
A drop of gasoline, a match, and a battery, all store energyโ€”
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ , ์„ฑ๋ƒฅ, ์ „์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
00:12
but, after each expends its energy, only the battery is recyclable.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์“ด ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์˜ค์ง ์ „์ง€๋งŒ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
That's because, chemically speaking,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™”ํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
00:19
a dead battery is actually not that different from a fresh one.
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์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๋‹ค ๋œ ์ „์ง€์™€ ์ƒˆ ์ „์ง€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Most of the batteries we use today take advantage
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ง€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
00:25
of the fact that some metals like to release electrons
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ธˆ์†์€ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:28
and others like to accept them.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธˆ์†์€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
For example, in a typical alkaline double-A battery,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์•Œ์นผ๋ฆฌ AA ์ „์ง€์—์„œ
00:34
zinc metal reacts with hydroxide ions,
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์•„์—ฐ ๊ธˆ์†์€ ์ˆ˜์‚ฐํ™” ์ด์˜จ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:37
changing into zinc oxide and releasing electrons at the negative terminal.
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์‚ฐํ™” ์•„์—ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์Œ๊ทน ๋‹จ์ž์—์„œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
The electrons travel through, say, a light bulb,
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๊ทธ ์ „์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜ ์ด๋™ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
00:45
and then return to the battery at the positive terminal,
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์–‘๊ทน ๋‹จ์ž์—์„œ ์ „์ง€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:47
where theyโ€™re accepted by manganese dioxide.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ๋ง๊ฐ„์— ํก์ˆ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Different batteries use different combinations of metals,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์ง€๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธˆ์† ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
00:54
and sometimes non-metals like graphite,
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ‘์—ฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„๊ธˆ์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:56
but the basic idea is to use a pair of chemical reactions
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘ ํ•œ ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
00:59
to generate a stream of electrons.
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์ „์ž ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Almost all batteries, even single-use batteries,
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์ผํšŒ์šฉ ์ „์ง€๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „์ง€๋Š”
01:06
are theoretically rechargeable.
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์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
That's because the metals and other chemicals are still right there.
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๊ธˆ์†๊ณผ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Thatโ€™s very different than in, say, gasoline,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ น ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ์™€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๋ฐ,
01:14
where the liquid hydrocarbon molecules are converted to gases.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์•ก์ฒด ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
You can't convert exhaust back into gasoline,
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๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
01:21
but, with some work you can convert, say, zinc oxide back to zinc.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ์‚ฐํ™” ์•„์—ฐ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•„์—ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
So then what's the difference between these and these?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:31
The short answer is that trying to recharge a single-use battery
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ์ผํšŒ์šฉ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:34
doesnโ€™t just force these reactions to run in reverse.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
It also results in a bunch of side reactions that produce
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ์„œ
01:41
useless contaminants,
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์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋Š” ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:43
reducing a batteryโ€™s capacity;
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ง€์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ 
01:45
and it could even damage the internal structure of the battery,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ „์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์†์ƒํ•ด์„œ
01:48
leading to a loss of electrical contact and failure.
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์ „๊ธฐ์  ์ ‘์ด‰์ด ์ƒ์‹ค๋˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Rechargeable batteries are engineered to avoid these issues.
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์ถฉ์ „ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ „์ง€๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
Look at this lithium-ion battery.
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์ด ๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:58
Both sides have an atomic-level structure that you can imagine as lots of docks.
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์›์ž ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ถ€๋‘๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์–‘์ชฝ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
So when the battery is powering something,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
02:05
the lithium โ€œshipsโ€ give up their electrons to power the circuit,
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๋ฆฌํŠฌ โ€˜์„ ๋ฐ•โ€™์€ ํšŒ๋กœ์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
02:08
and then sail over to the other side of the battery,
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์ „์ง€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ
02:11
dock in an orderly, organized way,
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์ •๋ˆ๋˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์งํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ 
02:13
and meet up with their now-lower-energy electrons.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
When the battery is being charged, the opposite happens.
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์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Over the course of hundreds, sometimes thousands, of charge cycles,
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์ถฉ์ „ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ฒˆ, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ฒˆ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
02:24
some of the lithium ion ships sort of veer off course
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์„ ๋ฐ•์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ํ•ญ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ดํƒˆํ•˜์—ฌ
02:28
and engage in side reactions,
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๋ถ€๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:30
producing stuff that increases the internal resistance of the battery,
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์ด๋Š” ์ „์ง€์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
02:34
which in turn makes it lose efficiency and power
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ „์ง€๋Š” ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์–ด์„œ
02:37
until it inevitably dies.
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์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Even when that happens, you can bring dead batteries back to lifeโ€”
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋„ ์ฃฝ์€ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:44
whether theyโ€™re rechargeable or notโ€” by recycling them.
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์ถฉ์ „์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ „์ง€๋“  ์•„๋‹ˆ๋“  ๊ฐ„์—, ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
The heart of most battery recycling is a process called smelting,
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์ „์ง€ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ œ๋ จ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณต์ •์ธ๋ฐ,
02:51
which is basically just melting the metallic parts.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ธˆ์† ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋…น์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
This drives off impurities,
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๊ธˆ์†์—์„œ ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์„ ์—†์• ๊ณ  ์ •๋ˆ๋œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
returning metals back to their initial, orderly state.
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02:59
Unfortunately, in many countries you canโ€™t just toss household batteries
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š”
๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
in with your regular recycling.
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03:05
You have to take them to a battery collection point or recycling center.
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์ „์ง€ ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Same goes for more complicated rechargeable batteries:
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „์‹ ์ „์ง€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
you need to bring them to a collection point
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์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
or send them back to the company you bought them from.
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03:16
Itโ€™s a pain, but absolutely worth the time and effort,
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๊ท€์ฐฎ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋“ค์ผ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
because recycling batteries is critical.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „์ง€ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Not only does it prevent potentially toxic battery metals
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋…ํ•œ ์ „์ง€ ๊ธˆ์†์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ˆ„์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:25
from leaking into the environment,
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03:26
it conserves scarceโ€” and vitalโ€” resources.
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ํฌ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ ์ž์›์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Earth has about 22 million tons of lithiumโ€”
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์ด ์•ฝ 2์ฒœ200๋งŒ ํ†ค ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:33
enough for about 2.5 billion EVs.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์ฐจ ์•ฝ 25์–ต ๋Œ€์— ์“ธ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
That sounds like plenty, but itโ€™s only 25% higher than the number of EVs
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์–‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ 2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ 
03:40
experts believe itโ€™ll take to reach net zero emissions by 2050,
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์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฒจ์šฐ 25% ๋” ๋งŽ์„ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ,
03:44
and that doesnโ€™t even account for laptops, phones, and anything else
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๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰,
๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ, ์ „ํ™” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
that uses a lithium-ion battery.
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03:50
Currently, though, most lithium-ion batteries are not manufactured
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์ „์ง€๋Š”
์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์ œ์กฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
with recycling in mind.
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03:55
The designs are intricate and non-standard,
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๋””์ž์ธ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์ ์ด๋ฉฐ
03:58
and the components are held together by almost indestructible glues.
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๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ ‘์ฐฉ์ œ๋กœ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So today, less than 5% of lithium-ion batteries are recycled.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  5% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์ „์ง€๋งŒ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Regulations that clearly define who is responsible for a spent battery
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์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ „์ง€์— ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์™€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ
04:11
and what should happen to it can boost recycling dramatically.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
For example, lead-acid batteries are generally subject to stringent regulations
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ฉ์ถ•์ „์ง€๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:20
and are recycled at much higher rates than lithium-ion batteries.
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๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ์ „์ง€๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’์€ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
Over the next century, weโ€™ll need to recycle huge numbers of EV batteries,
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๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ฐจ ์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ,
04:29
so scientists are working on making the battery recycling process cheaper
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ „์ง€ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ๊ณต์ •์„
๋” ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์นœํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
and more environmentally friendly.
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04:35
Smelting uses a lot of energy and, depending on the type of battery,
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์ œ๋ จ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
์ „์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ํ•ดํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
can release harmful by-products.
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04:41
In addition to regulations, industrial processes, and our own individual choices,
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๊ทœ์ •๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ณต์ • ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์„ ํƒ์— ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ
04:45
battery tech will also continue to evolve.
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์ „์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
There are proof-of-concept batteries being developed that can convert
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๊ฐœ๋… ์ž…์ฆ ์ „์ง€๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํž˜, ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ,
04:51
physical force, ambient sound, and even pee into electricity.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์˜ค์คŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
But if your top priority is to make your number one source of power, number one,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ๊ณผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ณ€์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋™๋ ฅ์›์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
05:01
sorry to say, but urine for a long wait.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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