The myth of Prometheus - Iseult Gillespie

8,638,128 views ・ 2017-11-14

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: hale kwon κ²€ν† : Won Jang
"κ·ΈλŒ€λŠ” μΈκ°„λ“€μ—κ²Œ 운λͺ…κ³Ό 힘의 상징이라넀" - λ°”μ΄λŸ°, "ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€"
인λ₯˜μ˜ 탄생 이전에
00:07
Before the creation of humanity,
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the Greek gods won a great battle against a race of giants called the Titans.
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그리슀의 신듀은 거인 μ’…μ‘± ν‹°νƒ„κ³Όμ˜ λŒ€μ „μŸμ—μ„œ μŠΉλ¦¬ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
Most Titans were destroyed or driven to the eternal hell of Tartarus.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 티탄듀은 νŒŒκ΄΄λ˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ˜μ›ν•œ 지μ˜₯인 타λ₯΄νƒ€λ‘œμŠ€μ— λ³΄λ‚΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
But the Titan Prometheus, whose name means foresight,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ '선견'μ΄λž€ 뜻의 이름을 가진 ν‹°νƒ„μ‘±μ˜ ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ”
00:21
persuaded his brother Epimetheus to fight with him on the side of the gods.
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남동생인 μ—ν”Όλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λ₯Ό μ„€λ“ν•΄μ„œ μ‹ λ“€μ˜ νŽΈμ—μ„œ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‹Έμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
As thanks, Zeus entrusted the brothers
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κ·Έ λ³΄λ‹΅μœΌλ‘œ, μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” κ·Έλ“€ ν˜•μ œμ—κ²Œ λͺ¨λ“  생λͺ…체λ₯Ό μ°½μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 일을 맑겼죠.
00:30
with the task of creating all living things.
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00:34
Epimetheus was to distribute the gifts of the gods among the creatures.
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μ—ν”Όλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μ‹ λ“€μ˜ 선물을 ν”Όμ‘°λ¬Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
To some, he gave flight;
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μ–΄λ–€ κ²ƒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λΉ„ν–‰ λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ£Όκ³ 
00:40
to others, the ability to move through water
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λ¬Όμ—μ„œ 움직일 수 μžˆλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯μ΄λ‚˜
00:42
or race through grass.
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ν’€ 사이λ₯Ό μ§ˆμ£Όν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
He gave the beasts glittering scales,
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ§μŠΉλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ°˜μ§μ΄λŠ” λΉ„λŠ˜κ³Ό
00:47
soft fur,
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λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ ν„Έ
00:48
and sharp claws.
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그리고 λ‚ μΉ΄λ‘œμš΄ λ°œν†±μ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
Meanwhile, Prometheus shaped the first humans out of mud.
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ν•œνŽΈ, ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μ§„ν™μœΌλ‘œ 졜초의 인간을 λΉšμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
He formed them in the image of the gods,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 인간을 μ‹ λ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅κ³Ό λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
00:57
but Zeus decreed they were too remain mortal
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μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” 그듀을 λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ μ£½λŠ” 쑴재둜 λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
01:00
and worship the inhabitants of Mount Olympus from below.
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μ§€μƒμ—μ„œ μ˜¬λ¦Όν‘ΈμŠ€ μ‚°μ˜ 신듀을 μˆ­λ°°ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
Zeus deemed humans subservient creatures vulnerable to the elements
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μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” 인간듀을 μžμ—°μ— μ·¨μ•½ν•˜κ³  μ‹ λ“€μ˜ λ³΄ν˜Έμ— μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ”
01:09
and dependent on the gods for protection.
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쒅속적인 생λͺ…체라고 μ—¬κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
However, Prometheus envisioned his crude creations with a greater purpose.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ 피쑰물에 더 큰 λœ»μ„ ν’ˆκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
So when Zeus asked him to decide how sacrifices would be made,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œμš°μŠ€κ°€ κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 제물이 λ°”μ³μ§ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ •ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ˜€μ„λ•Œ
01:22
the wily Prometheus planned a trick that would give humans some advantage.
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κΎ€κ°€ λ§Žμ€ ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μΈκ°„λ“€μ—κ²Œ 이읡이 될 κ³„νšμ„ μƒκ°ν•΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
He killed a bull and divided it into two parts to present to Zeus.
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κ·ΈλŠ” ν™©μ†Œλ₯Ό 죽인 ν›„, 두 갈래둜 λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ œμš°μŠ€μ—κ²Œ μ„ λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
On one side, he concealed the succulent flesh and skin
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ν•œ μͺ½μ—λŠ” 맛없어 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 뱃가죽 밑에
01:37
under the unappealing belly of the animal.
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μœ‘μ¦™μ΄ λ§Žμ€ μ‚΄κ³Ό 가죽을 μˆ¨κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
On the other, he hid the bones under a thick layer of fat.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μͺ½μ—λŠ” λ‘ν„°μš΄ 지방 밑에 λΌˆλ“€μ„ μˆ¨κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
When Zeus chose the seemingly best portion for himself,
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μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ 보기에 κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μ•„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 뢀뢄을 κ³ λ₯Έ ν›„
01:48
he was outraged at Prometheus's deception.
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€κ°€ μžμ‹ μ„ 속인 것을 μ•Œκ³ μ„œ κ²©λΆ„ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
Fuming, Zeus forbade the use of fire on Earth,
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ν™”κ°€ λ‚œ μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μ§€μƒμ—μ„œ κ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό μš”λ¦¬ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
01:55
whether to cook meat or for any other purpose.
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λ˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—¬λŸ¬ λͺ©μ μ„ μœ„ν•΄ λΆˆμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κΈˆμ§€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
But Prometheus refused to see his creations denied this resource.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” 이 사싀을 받아듀이지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
And so, he scaled Mount Olympus to steal fire
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” ν—€νŒŒμ΄μŠ€ν† μŠ€μ™€ μ•„ν…Œλ‚˜μ˜ μž‘μ—…μž₯μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
02:07
from the workshop of Hephaestus and Athena.
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λΆˆμ„ ν›”μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ˜¬λ¦Όν‘ΈμŠ€ 산에 μ˜¬λΌκ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
He hid the flames in a hollow fennel stalk and brought it safely down to the people.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 빈 회ν–₯ 쀄기에 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ λΆˆκ½ƒμ„ 숨겨 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ°€μ Έμ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
This gave them the power to harness nature for their own benefit
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μ΄λŠ” μΈκ°„λ“€μ—κ²Œ μžμ—°μ„ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 이읡을 μœ„ν•΄ μ΄μš©ν•˜κ³ 
02:20
and ultimately dominate the natural order.
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μžμ—°μ˜ μ§ˆμ„œλ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ 지배할 νž˜μ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
With fire, humans could care for themselves with food and warmth.
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λΆˆμ„ 가진 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μŒμ‹κ³Ό λ”°λœ»ν•¨μ„ 슀슀둜 관리할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
But they could also forge weapons and wage war.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무기λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κ³  μ „μŸμ„ 벌일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
02:32
Prometheus's flames acted as a catalyst for the rapid progression of civilization.
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€μ˜ λΆˆκ½ƒμ€ λ¬Έλͺ…μ˜ λΉ λ₯Έ λ°œμ „μ— μ΄‰λ§€μ œλ‘œ μž‘μš©ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
When Zeus looked down at this scene, he realized what had happened.
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μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” κ·Έ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ 보고 무엇이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λŠ”μ§€ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
Prometheus had once again wounded his pride
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 제우슀의 μžμ‘΄μ‹¬μ„ μƒμ²˜μž…ν˜”κ³ 
02:46
and subverted his authority.
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제우슀의 κΆŒμœ„λ₯Ό μžƒκ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
Furious, Zeus imposed a brutal punishment.
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ν™”κ°€ λ‚œ μ œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μž”μΈν•œ λ²Œμ„ λ‚΄λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
Prometheus was to be chained to a cliff for eternity.
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μ ˆλ²½μ— μ˜μ›νžˆ λ¬Άμ—¬μžˆμ–΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Each day, he would be visited by a vulture who would tear out his liver
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맀일 λ…μˆ˜λ¦¬κ°€ 찾아와 ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€μ˜ 간을 λœ―μ–΄λ¨Ήκ³ 
03:00
and each night his liver would grow back to be attacked again in the morning.
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맀일 λ°€ 간이 λ‹€μ‹œ 자라면 아침에 λ‹€μ‹œ 먹히게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
Although Prometheus remained in perpetual agony,
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” λŠμž„μ—†λŠ” 고톡에 μ‹œλ‹¬λ Έμ§€λ§Œ
03:09
he never expressed regret at his act of rebellion.
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μžμ‹ μ˜ λ°˜ν•­μ μΈ 행동을 μ ˆλŒ€ ν›„νšŒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
His resilience in the face of oppression made him a beloved figure in mythology.
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얡압에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜λŠ” 그의 μ˜μ§€λ‘œ 인해 κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹ ν™”μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λž‘λ°›λŠ” 인물이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
He was also celebrated for his mischievous and inquisitive spirit,
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ˜ν•œ μž₯λ‚œμŠ€λŸ½κ³  ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬ λ§Žμ€ 성격과
03:22
and for the knowledge, progress, and power he brought to human hands.
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지식, 진보 그리고 μΈκ°„λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ°€μ Έλ‹€μ€€ νž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ°¬μ–‘λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
He's also a recurring figure in art and literature.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 예술과 문학에도 자주 λ“±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 인물이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
In Percy Bysshe Shelley's lyrical drama "Prometheus Unbound,"
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νΌμ‹œ λΉ„μ‹œ μ…Έλ¦¬μ˜ μ„œμ •μ μΈ 희곑 "μ‚¬μŠ¬μ—μ„œ ν’€λ¦° ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€" μ—μ„œ
03:35
the author imagines Prometheus as a romantic hero
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” νƒˆμΆœ ν›„ 곡감과 μ§€μ‹μ˜ μ „νŒŒλ₯Ό κ³„μ†ν•˜λŠ”
03:38
who escapes and continues to spread empathy and knowledge.
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λ‚­λ§Œμ μΈ μ˜μ›…μœΌλ‘œ λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
Of his protagonist, Shelley wrote,
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μ…Έλ¦¬λŠ” 그의 주인곡에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:45
"Prometheus is the type of the highest perfection
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"ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” κ³ κ·€ν•˜κ³  졜고의 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ„ μœ„ν•˜μ—¬
03:47
of moral and intellectual nature,
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κ°€μž₯ μˆœμˆ˜ν•˜κ³  μ§„μ‹€ν•œ λ™κΈ°λ‘œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜λŠ”
03:50
impelled by the purest and the truest motives
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도덕과 지적인 λ³Έμ„±μœΌλ‘œ
03:53
to the best and noblest ends."
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완벽에 κ°€μž₯ 가깝닀고 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€."
03:56
His wife Mary envisaged Prometheus as a more cautionary figure
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μ…Έλ¦¬μ˜ μ•„λ‚΄ λ©”λ¦¬λŠ” ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λ₯Ό λ‹€μ†Œ 경계λ₯Ό μš”ν•˜λŠ” 인물둜 λ³΄μ•˜κ³ 
04:00
and subtitled her novel "Frankenstein: The Modern Prometheus."
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ†Œμ„€μ„ "ν”„λž‘μΌ„μŠˆνƒ€μΈ: ν˜„λŒ€μ˜ ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€"라고 μ΄λ¦„μ§€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
This suggests the damage of corrupting the natural order
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이것은 μžμ—°μ˜ μ§ˆμ„œλ₯Ό νŒŒκ΄΄ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œμ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 보여주며
04:09
and remains relevant to the ethical questions
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  κ³Όν•™κ³Ό κΈ°μˆ μ„ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό
04:11
surrounding science and technology today.
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윀리적 λ¬Έμ œμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨μ§€μ–΄μ„œλ„ 생각해 λ³Ό λ§Œν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ΄μ§€μš”.
04:15
As hero, rebel, or trickster,
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μ˜μ›…, λ°˜μ—­μž, λ˜λŠ” μ±…λž΅κ°€λ‘œμ„œ
04:18
Prometheus remains a symbol of our capacity to capture the powers of nature,
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ν”„λ‘œλ©”ν…Œμš°μŠ€λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μžμ—°μ˜ νž˜μ„ λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯의 μƒμ§•μœΌλ‘œ λ‚¨μ•„μžˆμœΌλ©°
04:22
and ultimately,
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μ΅œμ’…μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ”
04:24
he reminds us of the potential of individual acts to ignite the world.
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세계에 λΆˆμ„ 뢙인 개인의 ν–‰λ™μ˜ 잠재λ ₯을 μƒκ°λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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