If superpowers were real: Body mass - Joy Lin

1,431,128 views ใƒป 2013-06-27

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Zeeva Livshitz
00:14
Some superheroes can grow
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ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ
00:15
to the size of a building at will.
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ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืจืฆื•ื ื.
00:19
That's very intimidating!
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ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื™ื™ื!
00:21
But a scientist must ask
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ืขืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ
00:22
where the extra material is coming from.
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ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžื’ื™ืข.
00:26
The Law of Conservation of Mass implies
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ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืžืืกื” ืื•ืžืจ
00:28
that mass can neither be created
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ืฉืžืืกื” ืœื ื ื•ืฆืจืช
00:31
nor destroyed,
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ืื• ืžื•ืฉืžื“ืช,
00:32
which means that our hero's mass
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืืกืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•
00:33
will not change just because his size changes.
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ืœื ืชืฉืชื ื” ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื• ื™ืฉืชื ื”.
00:37
For instance, when we bake a fluffy sponge cake,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืคื™ื ืขื•ื’ืช ืกืคื•ื’ ืื•ื•ืจื™ืจื™ืช,
00:42
even though the resulting delicious treat
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื˜ืขื™ืžื”
00:44
is much bigger in size than the cake batter
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ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื‘ืœื™ืœืช ื”ืขื•ื’ื”
00:46
that went into the oven,
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ืฉื ื›ื ืกื” ืœืชื ื•ืจ,
00:48
the weight of the cake batter should still equal
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ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื”
00:50
the weight of the cake
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ืœืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื•ื’ื”
00:52
plus the moisture that has evaporated.
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืœื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืื™ื™ื“ื”.
00:55
In a chemical equation,
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ื‘ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ื›ื™ืžื™ืช,
00:56
molecules rearrange to make new compounds,
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ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
00:59
but all the components should still be accounted for.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
01:03
When our hero expands
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ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื’ื“ืœ
01:05
from 6 feet tall
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ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ ืžื˜ืจ
01:07
to 18 feet tall,
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ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืฉื” ืžื˜ืจ,
01:09
his height triples.
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ื’ื•ื‘ื”ื• ืžืฉืชืœืฉ.
01:11
Galileo's Square Cube Law says
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ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ืœืื• ืื•ืžืจ
01:13
his weight will be 27
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ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” 27
01:15
- 3 times 3 times 3 equals 27 -
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- 3 ื›ืคื•ืœ 3 ื›ืคื•ืœ 3 ืฉื•ื•ื” 27 -
01:18
times his regular weight
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ื›ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื•
01:19
since he has to expand in all three dimensions.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื.
01:23
So, when our superhero transforms into a giant,
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ืื–, ื›ืฉื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืœ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืขื ืง,
01:26
we are dealing with two possibilities.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:29
Our hero towering at 18 feet
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ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื ืฉื ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” 6 ืžื˜ืจ
01:31
still only weighs 200 pounds,
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืงืœ 100 ืงื™ืœื•,
01:34
the original weight in this human form.
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ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื•.
01:36
Now, option two, our hero weighs 5,400 pounds
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื”, ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื•ืงืœ 2,700 ืงื™ืœื•
01:42
- 200 pounds times 27 equals 5,400 pounds -
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- 100 ืงื™ืœื• ื›ืคื•ืœ 27 ืฉื•ื•ื” 2,700 ืงื™ืœื• -
01:46
when he is 18 feet tall,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 6 ืžื˜ืจ,
01:48
which means he also weighs 5,400 pounds
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืฉื•ืงืœ 2,700 ืงื™ืœื•
01:52
when he is 6 feet tall.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 2 ืžื˜ืจ.
01:57
Nobody can get in the same elevator with him
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ืชื” ืžืขืœื™ืช ืื™ืชื•
01:59
without the alarm going off.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืื–ืขืงื” ืชืคืขืœ.
02:00
Now, option two seems a little more
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื ืจืื™ืช ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:02
scientifically plausible,
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ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืžื“ืขื™ืช,
02:03
but it begs the question,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”,
02:05
how does he ever walk through the park
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ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืคืืจืง
02:07
without sinking into the ground
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืื“ืžื”
02:08
since the pressure he is exerting on the soil
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ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืœื—ืฅ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”
02:11
is calculated by his mass
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ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืืกื” ืฉืœื•
02:12
divided by the area of the bottom of his feet?
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ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืคื•ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื•?
02:15
And what kind of super socks and super shoes
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ื•ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจ ื’ืจื‘ ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื
02:18
is he putting on his feet to withstand all the friction
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ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš
02:21
that results from dragging his 5,400 pound body
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ืฉื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื’ืจื™ืจืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ 2,700 ืงื™ืœื•
02:25
against the road when he runs?
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ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฅ?
02:28
And can he even run?
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ื•ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจื•ืฅ?
02:30
And I won't even ask how he finds pants
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆื ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื
02:32
flexible enough to withstand the expansion.
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ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช.
02:41
Now, let's explore the density
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช
02:43
of the two options mentioned above.
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ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช.
02:45
Density is defined as mass divided by volume.
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ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื›ืžืืกื” ื—ืœืงื™ ื ืคื—.
02:48
The human body is made out of bones and flesh,
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืจ,
02:51
which has a relatively set density.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ื“ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืขื”.
02:54
In option one, if the hero weighs 200 pounds all the time,
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ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืงืœ 100 ืงื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
02:57
then he would be bones and flesh at normal size.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืžื•ื ื•.
03:00
When he expands to a bigger size
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืจื—ื‘ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:03
while still weighing 200 pounds,
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืงืœ 100 ืงื™ืœื•,
03:04
he essentially turns himself
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื•
03:06
into a giant, fluffy teddy bear.
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ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ ืขื ืง ื•ืจืš.
03:13
In option two, if the hero weighs
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ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ืื ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืงืœ
03:15
5,400 pounds all the time,
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2,700 ืงื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
03:17
then he would be bones and flesh at 18 feet
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ 6 ืžื˜ืจ
03:20
with 5,400 pounds of weight supported by two legs.
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ืขื ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœ 2,700 ืงื™ืœื• ืฉื ืชืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืชื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื•.
03:24
The weight would be exerted on the leg bones
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ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื
ื‘ื–ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื–.
03:26
at different angles as he moves.
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03:27
Bones, while hard, are not malleable,
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ืขืฆืžื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ืŸ ืงืฉื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ืคื•ืฃ,
03:30
meaning they do not bend,
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื•ืคืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ,
03:31
so they break easily.
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ืื– ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช.
03:33
The tendons would also be at risk of tearing.
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ื”ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืกื›ื ืช ืงืจื™ืขื”.
03:36
Tall buildings stay standing
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ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื
03:38
because they have steel frames
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืชื›ืช
03:39
and do not run and jump around in the jungle.
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ื•ื”ื ืœื ืงื•ืคืฆื™ื ื•ืจืฆื™ื ื‘ื’'ื•ื ื’ืœ.
03:42
Our hero, on the other hand,
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ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™,
03:44
one landing at a bad angle
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ื ื—ื™ืชื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื–ื•ื™ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื”
03:46
and he's down.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ.
03:51
Assuming his bodily function is the same as any mammal's,
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื• ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืง,
03:55
his heart would need to pump a large amount of blood
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ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื• ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ื›ืžื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื“ื
03:57
throughout his body to provide enough oxygen
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ื“ืจืš ื’ื•ืคื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืง ืžืกืคื™ืง ื—ืžืฆืŸ
03:59
for him to move 5,400 pounds of body weight around.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ื™ื– 2,700 ืงื™ืœื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงืœ ื’ื•ืฃ.
04:03
This would take tremendous energy,
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ื–ื” ื™ืงื— ื›ืžื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
04:05
which he would need to provide
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืกืคืง
04:06
by consuming 27 times 3,000 calories of food every day.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื›ื™ืœืช 27 ื›ืคื•ืœ 3,000 ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
04:11
Now, that is roughly 150 Big Macs.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš 150 ื‘ื™ื’ ืžืงื™ื.
04:14
27 times 3,000 calculated equals
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27 ื›ืคื•ืœ 3,000 ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘
04:17
81,000 calculated slash 550 calories
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ื›ื™ 81,000 ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื—ืœืงื™ 550 ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช
04:20
equals 147.
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ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœ 147.
04:22
He wouldn't have time to fight crime
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ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืคืฉืข
04:24
because he would be eating all the time
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
04:26
and working a 9-to-5 job
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ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืž-9 ืขื“ 5
04:28
in order to afford all the food he eats.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื›ืœ.
04:31
And what about superheroes
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ื•ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ
04:32
who can turn their bodies into rocks or sand?
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื”ื ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื—ื•ืœ?
04:35
Well, everything on Earth is made out of elements.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช.
04:38
And what defines each element
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“
ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืขื™ื ื•.
04:40
is the number of protons in the nucleus.
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04:42
That is how our periodic table is organized.
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ื›ืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ืžื—ื–ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช.
04:45
Hydrogen has one proton,
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ืœืžื™ืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“,
04:47
helium, two protons,
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ืœื”ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื,
04:48
lithium, three protons,
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ืœืœื™ืชื™ื•ื, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื,
04:50
and so on.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืœืื”.
04:51
The primary component of the most common form
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ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:53
of sand is silicon dioxide.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื ื“ื• ืชื—ืžื•ืฆืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืŸ.
04:55
Meanwhile, the human body consists of
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ื‘ืขื•ื“, ืฉื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘
04:57
65% oxygen,
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ืž 65% ื—ืžืฆืŸ,
04:59
18% carbon,
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18% ืคื—ืžืŸ,
05:00
10% hydrogen,
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10% ืžื™ืžืŸ,
05:02
and 7% of various other elements
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ื• 7% ืฉืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื
05:04
including 0.002% of silicon.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ 0,002% ืฆื•ืจืŸ.
05:08
In a chemical reaction,
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ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื™ืžื™ืช,
05:10
the elements recombine to make new compounds.
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ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
05:12
So, where is he getting all this silicon
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ืื–, ืžืื™ืคื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืŸ
05:14
necessary to make the sand?
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ืฉื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ?
05:17
Sure, we can alter elements
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช
05:19
by nuclear fusion or nuclear fission.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืข ืื• ื”ื™ืชื•ืš ืื˜ื•ืžื™.
05:21
However, nuclear fusion requires so much heat,
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ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืข ืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื•ื,
05:25
the only natural occurrence of this process is in stars.
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ืฉื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
05:28
In order to utilize fusion in a short amount of time,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืข ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืžืื•ื“,
05:31
the temperature of the area
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ื”ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ
05:32
needs to be hotter than the Sun.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžืฉ.
05:35
Every innocent bystander will be burned to a crisp.
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ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืคื” ื—ืฃ ืžืคืฉืข ื™ืฉืจืฃ ืœื’ืžืจื™.
05:41
Rapid nuclear fission is not any better
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ื”ื™ืชื•ืš ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘
05:44
since it often results in many radioactive particles.
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ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ื ืจื“ื™ื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
05:47
Our hero would become
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ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื”ืคืš
05:48
a walking, talking nuclear power plant,
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ืœื›ื•ืจ ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ,
05:51
ultimately harming every person he tries to save.
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื™ืง ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ.
05:55
And do you really want the heat of the Sun
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ื•ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ื ื”ืฉืžืฉ
05:57
or a radioactive nuclear plant inside of your body?
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ืื• ื›ื•ืจ ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืจื“ื™ื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื›ื?
06:06
Now, which superpower physics lesson
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—-ืขืœ
06:09
will you explore next?
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ืชืจืฆื• ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš?
06:11
Shifting body size and content,
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืชื•ื›ืŸ,
06:15
super speed,
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ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ,
06:17
flight,
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ืžืขื•ืฃ,
06:19
super strength,
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ื›ื•ื—-ืขืœ,
06:22
immortality,
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ื—ื™ื™ ื ืฆื—,
06:24
and
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ื•...
06:26
invisibility.
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ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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