The awful logic of land mines -- and an app that helps people avoid them | Carlos Bautista
57,549 views ・ 2017-11-17
請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。
譯者: Lilian Chiu
審譯者: Ruoyi Jin
00:13
When you walk around
the place where you live,
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當你在你所住的地方四處走動時,
00:15
most of the times,
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大部份的時候,
00:17
you feel pretty safe
and comfortable, right?
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你會覺得很安全也很自在,對嗎?
00:20
Now imagine if there were land mines
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現在,想像一下,
如果地雷就埋在這裡,
00:23
buried right here,
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00:26
scattered around,
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散佈在周圍,
00:27
and you'd never know
when you might step on one.
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你永遠不會知道
你會不會踩到其中一個。
00:32
That's how it is for many
in my home country, Colombia.
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在我的祖國,哥倫比亞,
很多人的生活就是如此。
00:35
As a result of a 50-year
internal armed conflict,
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經過了五十年的內部武裝衝突,
00:39
we have an undetermined
number of land mines
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有不知道多少數量的地雷,
00:41
buried throughout the countryside,
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埋在鄉間各處,
00:43
affecting more than one third
of the Colombian population.
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影響到超過三分之一的
哥倫比亞人口。
00:48
These anti-personnel mines
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這些殺傷性地雷的設計,
00:51
are designed to maim,
not to kill their targets.
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是要讓目標受重傷殘廢,而非死亡。
00:55
The logic behind this, which is awful,
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這背後的邏輯十分可怕,
00:59
is that more resources are taken up
caring for an injured soldier
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因為照顧傷殘的士兵所花費的資源,
01:03
than dealing with a person
who has been killed.
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比處理被殺死的人更多。
01:07
I met Adriana Rodriguez
about five years ago
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約在五年前,我認識了
阿德瑞娜羅德里奎茲,
01:11
while I was working
for the Colombian government
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當時我在為哥倫比亞政府工作,
01:14
as a documentary filmmaker.
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我是個紀錄片製作人。
01:16
During the conflict,
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在衝突期間,
01:18
she was forced to leave her house ...
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她被迫離開了她的家,
01:21
with her kids in her arms.
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懷中抱著她的孩子。
01:24
One day, one of her neighbors was killed
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有一天,她一個鄰居被炸死了,
01:27
while he stepped on a land mine.
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因為他踩到了一枚地雷。
01:32
He was actually inside
an abandoned house, not outside,
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其實當時他在一間
廢棄的房子裡面,不是在屋外。
01:36
a house exactly like the one
Adriana was forced to leave.
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阿德瑞娜被迫離開的,
也是類似那樣子的房子。
01:40
Ever since, she has been living
with the fear that she, or her children,
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此後,她一直活在恐懼中,
擔心她或她的孩子可能會踩到地雷。
01:44
might step on a land mine.
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01:47
You know, the Colombian conflict
has been running for so long
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哥倫比亞衝突持續了很久,
01:51
that neither me nor my mom
have seen our country in peace,
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我或是我母親都沒有見過
我們的國家有和平的時候。
01:56
and for someone like me,
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像我這樣的人,
01:57
who has been living detached
from all this suffering,
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過去一直超然生活在這苦難之外,
02:01
there was only two options:
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只有兩個選項:
02:04
either I get used to it,
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我可以習慣它,
02:06
or I can try to change it
with all my heart.
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或是我可以全心全意來改變它。
02:11
And I have to admit
that for almost 30 years,
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我得要承認,幾乎三十年的時間,
02:14
I was getting used to it, you know?
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讓我已經習慣了它。
02:18
But something changed for me
when I met my wife.
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但當我遇見我太太時,改變發生了。
02:22
She is a political scientist
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她是個政治科學家,
02:24
completely passionate
about the Colombian armed conflict.
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對於哥倫比亞武裝衝突非常有熱忱。
02:28
She helped me to understand
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她協助我了解
02:30
how deeply our country has
been affected by land mines and by war.
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我們的國家受到地雷
及戰爭的影響有多深。
02:35
We decided to come here
to the United States
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我們決定來到這裡,美國,
02:37
in search of new skills
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來尋找新技能,
02:39
that would enable us to contribute
in a fair way to our society,
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讓我們能用一種公正的方式
來對我們的社會做出貢獻,
02:44
and maybe even help heal it.
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甚至協助治癒它。
02:47
While in grad school,
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在研究所時,
02:48
I started developing
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我開始開發一種擴增實境,
02:49
an augmented reality,
really broad application
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應用非常廣,
02:52
to help military personnel
to deactivate land mines more safely.
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它能協助軍人用
更安全的方式解除地雷。
02:57
During that time, I also realized
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在那時期,我也了解到
03:00
that Colombia is not
the only country in the world
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哥倫比亞並非世界上唯一
03:02
that has to worry about land mines.
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要擔心地雷的國家。
03:06
In fact, more than 58 countries
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事實上,超過 58 個國家
03:09
are still contaminated
with any sort of explosive device.
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仍然遍佈著各種爆破性裝置。
03:14
Only in 2015, due to an escalation of war
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直到 2015 年,因為
一些國家的戰爭情況加劇,
03:17
in countries like Libya,
Syria, Ukraine and Yemen,
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例如利比亞、敘利亞、烏克蘭和葉門。
03:21
the number of [land mine
casualties] almost doubled,
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地雷受害者的數目幾乎倍增,
03:24
from 3,695 to 6,461 people.
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從 3,695 人變成 6,461 人。
03:31
Imagine that.
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想看看那狀況。
03:32
While some countries
are trying to get rid of land mines,
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有些國家在試圖擺脫地雷,
03:35
some others are increasing their use.
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其他國家卻用得更兇。
03:38
But what happens when a conflict
that involved land mines
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當使用地雷的衝突結束之後,
03:42
comes to an end?
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會發生什麼事?
03:44
There are two consequences.
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有兩個結果。
03:46
On the one hand,
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一方面,
03:48
the internally displaced population
will start returning to their lands,
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國內背井離鄉的人口
會開始返回家園,
03:53
and on the other hand,
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另一方面,
03:55
hidden land mines are going
to start exploding more often
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隱藏的地雷會更常被平民觸發
03:58
on the civilian side.
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而爆炸。
04:01
That's the reason why I decided to join
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那就是為什麼我決定加入
04:03
the Computer Science Department at NYU,
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紐約大學的資訊科學系,
04:06
along with Professor Claudio Silva
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和克勞迪奧席爾瓦教授合作,
04:09
to start to develop an app
called MineSafe.
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開始開發一個叫做 MineSafe
(直譯:地雷安全)的 app。
04:12
MineSafe uses information
from the community
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MineSafe 用來自社區的資訊,
04:18
to suggest paths that have been declared
as the most transited
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來建議最常有人通行
04:22
without accident or incident
caused by a land mine.
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並且沒發生地雷意外的路徑。
04:27
These traffic patterns
can also be used to determine
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這些交通模式也能被用來判定
04:30
the top priority zones to be de-mined.
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哪些區域最需要掃雷。
04:35
Almost 15 million people are living now
in the countryside of Colombia.
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幾乎有一千五百萬人現在
住在哥倫比亞的鄉間。
04:41
Imagine, for a moment, if we can
crowdsource information from all of them
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想像一下,如果我們
能向他們全體收集資訊,
04:45
to help people like Adriana
and her children
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來協助像阿德瑞娜及她的孩子的人,
04:48
to find safe and reliable paths.
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找到安全可靠的路徑。
04:51
This information
can not only be used for that.
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這些資訊不只能用在這上面。
04:54
This information can also help them
to become more productive.
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這些資訊也能協助他們
變得更有生產力。
04:58
Farmers will be able to find
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農夫將能夠知道
05:00
which lands have been cleared
from explosive devices,
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哪些地方的爆破性裝置已經被清除,
05:04
and in that way, they will be able
to find new, fertile grounds
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這麼一來,他們就能
找到新的肥沃土地,
05:09
to start growing food again.
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再次開始種植作物。
05:13
MineSafe has now a partnership
with the Colombian government
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MineSafe 現在有和
哥倫比亞政府合作,
05:16
for the initial pilot,
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來做一個前導計畫,
05:18
and we have now some connections
with Cambodia and Somalia as well.
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現在我們也和柬埔寨
及索瑪利亞有了一些連結。
05:23
This project is being funded
by private money
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這個專案計畫是在美國
05:25
here in the United States,
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由私人資金所資助的,
05:27
but we don't want to stop here.
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但我們不想到此為止。
05:29
We want to go big,
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我們想做更大,
05:31
and we want to scale the project
to every single place
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我們要把這個專案計畫
擴展到每一個受地雷威脅的地方。
05:34
where land mines are still a threat.
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05:38
The Colombian armed conflict
is finally coming to an end,
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哥倫比亞武裝衝突終於要結束了,
05:43
but the consequences of years of war
are still buried under our feet.
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但多年戰爭造成的後果,
仍然埋在我們的腳下。
05:48
We at MineSafe are working
to help both people and land
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我們 MineSafe 的這群人,
在努力協助人民以及土地
05:54
to find peace.
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找到和平。
05:55
Thank you.
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謝謝。
05:57
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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