The awful logic of land mines -- and an app that helps people avoid them | Carlos Bautista

57,549 views ・ 2017-11-17

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Ruoyi Jin
00:13
When you walk around the place where you live,
0
13504
2393
當你在你所住的地方四處走動時,
00:15
most of the times,
1
15921
1429
大部份的時候,
00:17
you feel pretty safe and comfortable, right?
2
17374
2165
你會覺得很安全也很自在,對嗎?
00:20
Now imagine if there were land mines
3
20839
3073
現在,想像一下,
如果地雷就埋在這裡,
00:23
buried right here,
4
23936
2173
00:26
scattered around,
5
26133
1628
散佈在周圍,
00:27
and you'd never know when you might step on one.
6
27785
2484
你永遠不會知道 你會不會踩到其中一個。
00:32
That's how it is for many in my home country, Colombia.
7
32100
2923
在我的祖國,哥倫比亞, 很多人的生活就是如此。
00:35
As a result of a 50-year internal armed conflict,
8
35393
3730
經過了五十年的內部武裝衝突,
00:39
we have an undetermined number of land mines
9
39147
2437
有不知道多少數量的地雷,
00:41
buried throughout the countryside,
10
41608
1897
埋在鄉間各處,
00:43
affecting more than one third of the Colombian population.
11
43529
3158
影響到超過三分之一的 哥倫比亞人口。
00:48
These anti-personnel mines
12
48186
3244
這些殺傷性地雷的設計,
00:51
are designed to maim, not to kill their targets.
13
51454
3002
是要讓目標受重傷殘廢,而非死亡。
00:55
The logic behind this, which is awful,
14
55769
3401
這背後的邏輯十分可怕,
00:59
is that more resources are taken up caring for an injured soldier
15
59194
4576
因為照顧傷殘的士兵所花費的資源,
01:03
than dealing with a person who has been killed.
16
63794
2317
比處理被殺死的人更多。
01:07
I met Adriana Rodriguez about five years ago
17
67348
4443
約在五年前,我認識了 阿德瑞娜羅德里奎茲,
01:11
while I was working for the Colombian government
18
71815
2267
當時我在為哥倫比亞政府工作,
01:14
as a documentary filmmaker.
19
74106
1923
我是個紀錄片製作人。
01:16
During the conflict,
20
76374
1656
在衝突期間,
01:18
she was forced to leave her house ...
21
78054
1778
她被迫離開了她的家,
01:21
with her kids in her arms.
22
81268
1778
懷中抱著她的孩子。
01:24
One day, one of her neighbors was killed
23
84118
3342
有一天,她一個鄰居被炸死了,
01:27
while he stepped on a land mine.
24
87484
2126
因為他踩到了一枚地雷。
01:32
He was actually inside an abandoned house, not outside,
25
92406
4152
其實當時他在一間 廢棄的房子裡面,不是在屋外。
01:36
a house exactly like the one Adriana was forced to leave.
26
96582
3150
阿德瑞娜被迫離開的, 也是類似那樣子的房子。
01:40
Ever since, she has been living with the fear that she, or her children,
27
100442
4419
此後,她一直活在恐懼中,
擔心她或她的孩子可能會踩到地雷。
01:44
might step on a land mine.
28
104885
1348
01:47
You know, the Colombian conflict has been running for so long
29
107855
3213
哥倫比亞衝突持續了很久,
01:51
that neither me nor my mom have seen our country in peace,
30
111092
5365
我或是我母親都沒有見過 我們的國家有和平的時候。
01:56
and for someone like me,
31
116481
1468
像我這樣的人,
01:57
who has been living detached from all this suffering,
32
117973
3461
過去一直超然生活在這苦難之外,
02:01
there was only two options:
33
121458
1895
只有兩個選項:
02:04
either I get used to it,
34
124778
2033
我可以習慣它,
02:06
or I can try to change it with all my heart.
35
126835
4022
或是我可以全心全意來改變它。
02:11
And I have to admit that for almost 30 years,
36
131989
2659
我得要承認,幾乎三十年的時間,
02:14
I was getting used to it, you know?
37
134672
2959
讓我已經習慣了它。
02:18
But something changed for me when I met my wife.
38
138694
3465
但當我遇見我太太時,改變發生了。
02:22
She is a political scientist
39
142614
1835
她是個政治科學家,
02:24
completely passionate about the Colombian armed conflict.
40
144473
3110
對於哥倫比亞武裝衝突非常有熱忱。
02:28
She helped me to understand
41
148083
1961
她協助我了解
02:30
how deeply our country has been affected by land mines and by war.
42
150068
4372
我們的國家受到地雷 及戰爭的影響有多深。
02:35
We decided to come here to the United States
43
155166
2593
我們決定來到這裡,美國,
02:37
in search of new skills
44
157783
2048
來尋找新技能,
02:39
that would enable us to contribute in a fair way to our society,
45
159855
4230
讓我們能用一種公正的方式 來對我們的社會做出貢獻,
02:44
and maybe even help heal it.
46
164109
2000
甚至協助治癒它。
02:47
While in grad school,
47
167364
1171
在研究所時,
02:48
I started developing
48
168559
1210
我開始開發一種擴增實境,
02:49
an augmented reality, really broad application
49
169793
3040
應用非常廣,
02:52
to help military personnel to deactivate land mines more safely.
50
172857
3308
它能協助軍人用 更安全的方式解除地雷。
02:57
During that time, I also realized
51
177583
2628
在那時期,我也了解到
03:00
that Colombia is not the only country in the world
52
180235
2627
哥倫比亞並非世界上唯一
03:02
that has to worry about land mines.
53
182886
2396
要擔心地雷的國家。
03:06
In fact, more than 58 countries
54
186724
2845
事實上,超過 58 個國家
03:09
are still contaminated with any sort of explosive device.
55
189593
3769
仍然遍佈著各種爆破性裝置。
03:14
Only in 2015, due to an escalation of war
56
194101
3572
直到 2015 年,因為 一些國家的戰爭情況加劇,
03:17
in countries like Libya, Syria, Ukraine and Yemen,
57
197697
4031
例如利比亞、敘利亞、烏克蘭和葉門。
03:21
the number of [land mine casualties] almost doubled,
58
201752
2596
地雷受害者的數目幾乎倍增,
03:24
from 3,695 to 6,461 people.
59
204372
5915
從 3,695 人變成 6,461 人。
03:31
Imagine that.
60
211051
1184
想看看那狀況。
03:32
While some countries are trying to get rid of land mines,
61
212259
2936
有些國家在試圖擺脫地雷,
03:35
some others are increasing their use.
62
215219
2419
其他國家卻用得更兇。
03:38
But what happens when a conflict that involved land mines
63
218648
4096
當使用地雷的衝突結束之後,
03:42
comes to an end?
64
222768
1308
會發生什麼事?
03:44
There are two consequences.
65
224782
2183
有兩個結果。
03:46
On the one hand,
66
226989
1659
一方面,
03:48
the internally displaced population will start returning to their lands,
67
228672
4688
國內背井離鄉的人口 會開始返回家園,
03:53
and on the other hand,
68
233384
1848
另一方面,
03:55
hidden land mines are going to start exploding more often
69
235256
3635
隱藏的地雷會更常被平民觸發
03:58
on the civilian side.
70
238915
1388
而爆炸。
04:01
That's the reason why I decided to join
71
241033
2770
那就是為什麼我決定加入
04:03
the Computer Science Department at NYU,
72
243827
2587
紐約大學的資訊科學系,
04:06
along with Professor Claudio Silva
73
246438
2689
和克勞迪奧席爾瓦教授合作,
04:09
to start to develop an app called MineSafe.
74
249151
2717
開始開發一個叫做 MineSafe (直譯:地雷安全)的 app。
04:12
MineSafe uses information from the community
75
252831
4338
MineSafe 用來自社區的資訊,
04:18
to suggest paths that have been declared as the most transited
76
258380
4491
來建議最常有人通行
04:22
without accident or incident caused by a land mine.
77
262895
3634
並且沒發生地雷意外的路徑。
04:27
These traffic patterns can also be used to determine
78
267035
3627
這些交通模式也能被用來判定
04:30
the top priority zones to be de-mined.
79
270686
3288
哪些區域最需要掃雷。
04:35
Almost 15 million people are living now in the countryside of Colombia.
80
275666
4381
幾乎有一千五百萬人現在 住在哥倫比亞的鄉間。
04:41
Imagine, for a moment, if we can crowdsource information from all of them
81
281085
4502
想像一下,如果我們 能向他們全體收集資訊,
04:45
to help people like Adriana and her children
82
285611
3070
來協助像阿德瑞娜及她的孩子的人,
04:48
to find safe and reliable paths.
83
288705
2493
找到安全可靠的路徑。
04:51
This information can not only be used for that.
84
291222
2391
這些資訊不只能用在這上面。
04:54
This information can also help them to become more productive.
85
294032
3643
這些資訊也能協助他們 變得更有生產力。
04:58
Farmers will be able to find
86
298379
2130
農夫將能夠知道
05:00
which lands have been cleared from explosive devices,
87
300533
4013
哪些地方的爆破性裝置已經被清除,
05:04
and in that way, they will be able to find new, fertile grounds
88
304570
5263
這麼一來,他們就能 找到新的肥沃土地,
05:09
to start growing food again.
89
309857
1427
再次開始種植作物。
05:13
MineSafe has now a partnership with the Colombian government
90
313212
3343
MineSafe 現在有和 哥倫比亞政府合作,
05:16
for the initial pilot,
91
316579
1793
來做一個前導計畫,
05:18
and we have now some connections with Cambodia and Somalia as well.
92
318396
4238
現在我們也和柬埔寨 及索瑪利亞有了一些連結。
05:23
This project is being funded by private money
93
323485
2404
這個專案計畫是在美國
05:25
here in the United States,
94
325913
1922
由私人資金所資助的,
05:27
but we don't want to stop here.
95
327859
1825
但我們不想到此為止。
05:29
We want to go big,
96
329708
1524
我們想做更大,
05:31
and we want to scale the project to every single place
97
331256
3323
我們要把這個專案計畫
擴展到每一個受地雷威脅的地方。
05:34
where land mines are still a threat.
98
334603
1746
05:38
The Colombian armed conflict is finally coming to an end,
99
338709
4522
哥倫比亞武裝衝突終於要結束了,
05:43
but the consequences of years of war are still buried under our feet.
100
343255
4731
但多年戰爭造成的後果, 仍然埋在我們的腳下。
05:48
We at MineSafe are working to help both people and land
101
348887
5280
我們 MineSafe 的這群人, 在努力協助人民以及土地
05:54
to find peace.
102
354191
1243
找到和平。
05:55
Thank you.
103
355848
1151
謝謝。
05:57
(Applause)
104
357023
5397
(掌聲)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7