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譯者: Yi-Ting Chung
審譯者: Ellen Tung
00:12
I love paper, and I love technology,
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我愛紙張,也熱愛科技
00:16
and what I do is I make paper interactive.
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我做的事,就是讓紙張能和人互動
00:19
And that's what I say when
people ask me what I do,
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每當有人問及我的工作,我就是這樣回答
00:22
but it really confuses most people,
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但是大多數人都不太了解
00:24
so really, the best way
for me to convey it
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因此,對我來說,要讓大家了解我的工作
00:26
is to take the technology and be creative
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最好就是把科技加上一點創意
00:29
and create experiences.
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創造出實際的經驗
00:31
So I tried to think
what I could use for here,
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我試著去思考該怎麼做
00:33
and a couple of weeks
ago I had a crazy idea
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幾個星期前,我有了一個瘋狂的想法
00:35
that I wanted to print two DJ decks
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我想印出兩張DJ台
00:39
and to try and mix some music.
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然後混合一些音效
00:42
And I'm going to try
and show that at the end,
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演講快結束時,我會試著呈現給大家看
00:44
and the suspense will be
as much mine if it works.
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我很擔心,不知道會不會成功
00:47
And I'm not a DJ, and I'm not a musician,
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我不是一個DJ,也不是音樂家
00:50
so I'm a little bit scared of that.
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所以我有點怕怕的
00:53
So I think, I found the best
way to describe my journey
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我想,解釋我為什麼進入這個行業
00:58
is just to mention a few little things
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最好的方法,就是講幾件
01:00
that have happened to me
throughout my life.
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發生在我人生中的事情
01:02
There's three particular
things that I've done,
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我做過三件很特別的事
01:04
and I'll just describe those first,
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我決定要先講這些事情
01:06
and then talk about some of my work.
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然後再談談我的工作
01:08
So when I was a kid,
I was obsessed with wires,
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在我小時候,我對線路很著迷
01:11
and I used to thread them under my carpet
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我常把線路串在地毯下
01:14
and thread them behind the walls
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也把線路串在牆壁後方
01:16
and have little switches
and little speakers,
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然後裝一些小開關,小擴音器
01:18
and I wanted to make
my bedroom be interactive
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我想要和我的房間互動
01:21
but kind of all hidden away.
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但效果似乎沒有那麼顯著
01:23
And I was also really
interested in wireless as well.
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我對無線的東西也很感興趣
01:27
So I bought one of those
little kits that you could get
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我買了一個無線電的配件,就是大家可以拿來
01:29
to make a radio transmitter,
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製作無線電發射器的工具
01:31
and I got an old book
and I carved out the inside
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我找了一本舊書,把裡面挖空
01:34
and I hid it inside there,
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然後把我做的無線電器藏在裡面
01:36
and then I placed it next to my dad
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把它放在我爸旁邊
01:38
and snuck back to my bedroom
and tuned in on the radio
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接下來,我就悄悄的回房間,然後轉開收音機
01:42
so I could eavesdrop.
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我就能偷聽我爸說話
01:44
I was not at all interested
in what he was saying.
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我對我爸說的事情完全不感興趣
令我感興趣的是
01:47
It's more that I just liked the idea
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01:48
of an everyday object
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日常生活用品
01:50
having something inside
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都有不為人知的一面
01:51
and doing something different.
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也能拿來做不一樣的事情
01:55
Several year later,
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幾年後
01:56
I managed to successfully
fail all of my exams
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我試著成功地搞砸所有的考試
02:00
and didn't really leave school
with much to show for at all,
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離開學校時也沒有學到什麼成果
02:04
and my parents, maybe as a reward,
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這可能算是種獎勵吧,因為我爸媽
02:08
bought me what turned out to be
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居然給我買了一張
02:10
a one-way ticket to Australia,
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到澳洲的單程機票
02:11
and I came back home
about four years later.
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我大概四年後才回來
02:15
I ended up on a farm
in the middle of nowhere.
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我在某地中部的農場上
02:19
It was in far western New South Wales.
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在新南威爾斯州很遠的西方
02:21
And this farm was 120,000 acres.
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這農場有十二萬英畝大
02:24
There were 22,000 sheep,
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有兩萬兩千頭羊
02:26
and it was about 40 degrees,
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溫度差不多在攝氏40度
02:28
or 100 or so Fahrenheit.
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或是華氏一百度
02:30
And on this farm there
was the farmer, his wife,
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這農場上,有農夫和他的老婆
02:33
and there was the four-year-old daughter.
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他們還有一個四歲的女兒
02:36
And they kind of took me into the farm
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他們有點像是帶我進農場
02:39
and showed me what it
was like to live and work.
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然後向我介紹農場的生活及工作
02:42
Obviously, one of the most important
things was the sheep,
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顯然地,那裡最重要的事情就是羊
02:44
and so my job was, well,
pretty much to do everything,
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而我在那裡的工作,就是什麼都要做
02:47
but it was about bringing
the sheep back to the homestead.
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有點像是把羊趕回家這樣
02:51
And we'd do that by building fences,
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我們會築籬笆
02:53
using motorbikes and horses,
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利用摩托車和馬匹
02:55
and the sheep would make
their way all the way back
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這些羊在不同季節,就會用牠們自己的方法
02:58
to the shearing shed
for the different seasons.
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回到羊棚裡
03:01
And what I learned was,
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我從中所學到的
03:03
although at the time, like everyone else,
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雖然那個時候我和大家一樣
03:05
I thought sheep were pretty stupid
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覺得羊很笨
03:07
because they didn't do
what we wanted them to do,
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因為牠們不想做我們要牠們做的事情
03:09
what I realize now, probably
only just in the last few weeks
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我現在體認到,可能是最近幾星期才知道的
03:12
looking back, is the sheep
weren't stupid at all.
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回顧過去的日子,我發現羊一點都不笨
03:14
We'd put them in an environment
where they didn't want to be,
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我們把羊群放在一個牠們不想待的環境中
03:16
and they didn't want to do
what we wanted them to do.
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羊群也不想做我們要牠們做的事情
03:19
So the challenge was to try and get them
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所以有挑戰性的地方在於,要試著讓羊群
03:21
to do what we wanted them to do
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去做我們想要牠們做的事
03:22
by listening to the weather,
the lay of the land,
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像是聆聽自然的聲音,觀察大地的地形
03:25
and creating things
that would let the sheep flow
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以及創造事物,讓羊群能夠順著走
03:28
and go where we wanted them to go.
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走到我們要牠們去的地方
03:31
Another bunch of years later,
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又過了幾年
03:33
I ended up at Cambridge University
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我人在英國劍橋大學內的
03:35
at the Cavendish Laboratory in the U.K.
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卡文迪許實驗室
03:37
doing a Ph.D. in physics.
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寫一篇關於物理的博士論文
03:39
My Ph.D. was to move electrons
around, one at a time.
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我的論文主要關於一次移動一顆電子
03:44
And I realize — again, it's kind
of these realizations
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我發現,再一次,我領悟到的東西
03:47
looking back as to what I did —
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使我回頭看這些過往的經驗
03:49
I realize now that it
was pretty much the same
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我發現這些事情都很雷同
03:52
as moving sheep around.
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就像讓羊群移動一樣
03:54
It really is.
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事實也是如此
03:56
It's just you do it
by changing an environment.
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只不過是換個環境而已
03:59
And that's kind
of been a big lesson to me,
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這對我而言是個很大的體悟
04:01
that you can't act on any object.
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你沒有辦法影響任何物體
04:02
You change its environment,
and the object will flow.
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你改變環境,物體就跟著改變
04:05
So we made it very small,
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我們把這些物體做得很小
04:07
so things were about 30
nanometers in size;
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小到大約只有三十奈米
04:10
making it very cold, so
at liquid helium temperatures;
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我們把它做得很冷,差不多是液態氦的溫度
04:15
and changing environment
by changing the voltage,
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然後透過電壓來改變環境
04:18
and the electrons could
make flow around a loop
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這些電子就能照著圈圈流動
04:21
one at a time, on and off,
a little memory node.
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一次一顆,停停走走,有點記憶模式
04:24
And I wanted to go one step further,
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我想要更進一步嘗試
04:26
and I wanted to move one electron on
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一次只讓一個電子移動
04:28
and one electron off.
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然後一個電子停止
04:30
And I was told that I wouldn't
be able to do this,
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有人告訴我這辦不到
04:33
which, you know, as we've heard
from other people,
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你知道的,我們常常聽到別人這麼說
04:35
that's the thing that makes you do it.
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這也就是讓你辦到的原因
我下定決心,要讓別人知道我辦得到
04:37
And I was determined, and I managed
to show that I could do that.
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04:40
And a lot of that learning, I think,
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我覺得,我現在所學到的知識
04:42
came from being on that farm,
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有一大部分是從那次農場經驗而來
04:43
because when I was working on the farm,
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當我還在農場工作時
04:45
we'd have to use what was around us,
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我們只能用周遭的東西
04:47
we'd have to use the environment,
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我們得利用環境
04:49
and there was no such thing
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在那,並沒有所謂的
04:51
as something can't be done,
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辦不到這種事情
04:52
because you're in an environment where,
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因為你所身處的環境
04:54
if you can't do what you need to do,
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如果辦不到你得辦的事情
04:57
you can die, and, you know,
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你就陣亡了
04:58
I had seen that sort of thing happen.
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我曾經目睹過這類的事情
05:02
So now my obsession is printing,
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因此,我對列印很狂熱
05:05
and I'm really fascinated by the idea
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我也深深著迷於
05:07
of using conventional printing processes,
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用傳統列印流程
05:10
so the types of print
that are used to create
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也就是用來創造
05:13
many of the things around us
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我們周遭許多事物的流程
05:14
to make paper and card interactive.
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來讓紙張、卡片和人互動
05:18
When I spoke to some printers
when I started doing this
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剛開始時,我和一些列印商談過
05:20
and told them what I wanted to do,
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告訴他們我想做的事情
05:21
which was to print
conductive inks onto paper,
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就是把導電油墨印在紙上
05:24
they told me it couldn't be done,
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他們說這辦不到
05:25
again, that kind of favorite thing.
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這又再次地激發了我
05:27
So I got about 10 credit cards and loans
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我拿了差不多十張信用卡去貸款
05:32
and got myself very close
to bankruptcy, really,
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讓我自己瀕臨破產的邊緣
05:36
and bought myself this
huge printing press,
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給我自己買了台這麼大的印刷機
05:38
which I had no idea how to use at all.
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但我自己卻完全不知道該怎麼用
05:40
It was about five meters long,
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印刷機差不多有五公尺長
05:41
and I covered myself
and the floor with ink
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我把整間地板還有我自己搞得滿身油墨
05:44
and made a massive mess,
but I learned to print.
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真的是一團亂,但我想知道要怎麼印
05:47
And then I took it back to the printers
and showed them what I've done,
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接著,我把機器拿回印刷廠
告訴他們我做了什麼
05:49
and they were like, "Of
course you can do that.
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他們有點像是說「你當然可以這麼做
你剛開始就找我們不就好了?」
05:52
Why didn't you come here
in the first place?"
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05:54
That's always the case.
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這一直都是問題所在
05:57
So what we do is we take
conventional printing presses,
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我們採用傳統列印流程
06:01
we make conductive inks,
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製造導電墨水
06:03
and run those through a press,
and basically
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然後就重覆這一流程
06:06
just letting hundreds
of thousands of electrons flow
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基本上,就是讓數十萬計的電子
06:09
through pieces of paper
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流過一張張的紙
06:11
so we can make that paper interactive.
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所以我們能讓紙張互動
06:13
And it's pretty simple, really.
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這真的很簡單
06:14
It's just a collection of things
that have been done before,
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我們只是蒐集從前做過的東西
06:17
but bringing them together
in a different way.
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然後用不同的方式來結合它們
06:19
So we have a piece of paper
with conductive ink on,
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我們有一張紙還有導電墨水
06:22
and then add onto that a small circuit
board with a couple of chips,
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加上一小塊電路板,還有一兩塊晶片
06:27
one to run some capacitive touch software,
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有一塊負責電容式觸控軟體
06:29
so we know where we've touched it,
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這樣我們就會知道碰到了什麼
06:30
and the other to run, quite often,
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另一塊晶片負責一些無線軟體
06:33
some wireless software so
the piece of paper can connect.
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好讓紙張相互連結
06:37
So I'll just describe a couple
of things that we've created.
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我會描述一些我們創作的事物
06:40
There's lots of different
things we've created.
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我們創作的事物很廣泛
這就是其中一樣,因為我喜歡蛋糕
06:43
This is one of them, because I love cake.
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06:45
And this one, it's a large poster,
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而這個,是一張大海報
06:48
and you touch it and it has
a little speaker behind it,
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這後面有個喇叭,只要你碰它
06:50
and the poster talks
to you when you touch it
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這張海報就會和你說話
06:52
and asks you a series of questions,
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然後問你一串問題
06:54
and it works out your perfect cake.
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接著找出你要的理想蛋糕
06:56
But it doesn't tell you
the cake there and then.
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但是它不會馬上說出你要的蛋糕
06:58
It uploads a picture,
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它會上傳一張照片
07:00
and the reason why it
chose that cake for you,
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然後列出為你選這個蛋糕的理由
07:02
to our Facebook page and to Twitter.
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照片會傳到我們的臉書、推特
07:05
So we're trying to create that connection
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我們試著創造出
07:08
between the physical and the digital,
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物理以及數位之間的連結
07:10
but have it not looking on a screen,
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但是卻不必看著數位螢幕
07:12
and just looking like a regular poster.
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而只是看一張普通的海報
07:15
We've worked with a bunch
of universities on a project
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我們已經和幾所大學合作
07:20
looking at interactive newsprint.
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研究互動報紙
07:22
So for example, we've created a newspaper,
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舉例來說,我們做了一種報紙
07:24
a regular newspaper.
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很普通的報紙
07:25
You can wear a pair of headphones
that are connected to it wirelessly,
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你可以戴上和報紙透過無線連結的耳機
07:28
and when you touch it,
you can hear the music
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當你碰到報紙,你就會聽到音樂
07:31
that's described on the top,
which is something you can't read.
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在最上方有描述,這是你看不到的
你可以聽到一場會議
07:34
You can hear a press conference
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07:36
as well as reading
what the editor has determined
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也可以讀到編輯要決定
07:38
that press conference was about.
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這場會議要談論什麼
07:40
And you can press a Facebook "like" button
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你可以在臉書上按讚
07:42
or you can vote on something as well.
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或是投票表決某樣東西
07:45
Something else that we created,
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我們還創造了其他東西
07:46
and this was an idea that I had
a couple of years ago,
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我在幾年前有了這個想法
07:48
and so we've done a project on this.
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我們就針對這個想法開專題來研究
07:49
It was for funding from the government
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是關於從政府方面拿到贊助金
07:51
for user-centered design
for energy-efficient buildings,
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還有使用者導向設計,節能建築
07:55
difficult to say, and something
I had no idea what it was
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這到底是什麼樣的東西,我沒有一點概念
07:57
when I went into the workshop,
but quickly learned.
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直到我走進一家工廠,我馬上就明白了
08:00
And we wanted to try and encourage people
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我們想要嘗試,也希望鼓勵大家
08:02
to use energy better.
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來更有效率的使用能源
08:04
And I really liked the idea that,
instead of looking at dials
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我真的很喜歡這想法
而不是看看儀器上的指針
08:07
and reading things to say --
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還有翻翻一些資料
08:10
looking at your energy usage,
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像是看看你們使用能源的方法
08:12
I wanted to create a poster
that was wirelessly connected
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我想做出一種透過無線連結的海報
08:15
and had color-changing inks on it,
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上面印有變色墨水
所以說,如果你更有效率地使用能源
08:17
and so if your energy usage
was trending better,
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08:20
than the leaves would appear
and the rabbits would appear
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樹葉就會出現,兔子也會跑出來
08:22
and all would be good.
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這就是好現象
08:24
And if it wasn't, then there'd be graffiti
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如果能源沒有有效地應用,就會出現噴漆
08:26
and the leaves would fall off the trees.
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樹葉就會從樹上落下
所以,這就像是要你期待某件事
08:28
So it was trying to make
you look after something
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08:30
in your immediate environment,
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在一個緊急的環境下
08:32
which you don't want to see
not looking so good,
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你不想要看到看起來不好的事物
08:35
rather than expecting people to do things
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而是希望別人去做這些事
08:37
in the local environment
because of the effect
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因為這些影響
08:39
that it has a long way off.
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是很長遠的
08:41
And I think, kind of like going
back to the farm,
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我覺得這有點像回到那個農場
08:43
it's about how to let people
do what you want them to do
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關於該如何讓人們做你希望他們做的事情
08:46
rather than making people do
what you want them to do.
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而不是強迫他們去做那些事
08:51
Okay.
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好
08:52
So this is the bit I'm really scared of.
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我現在真的很怕
08:55
So a couple of things I've created are,
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我做的一些東西包括
08:57
there's a poster over here
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這裡的這張海報
08:59
that you can play drums on.
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以及那邊那個你可以打的鼓
09:01
And I am not a musician. It seemed
like a good idea at the time.
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我不是一個音樂家,先和你們說清楚比較好
09:06
If anyone wants to try
and play drums, then they can.
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如果有人想要上來玩,我很歡迎
09:08
I'll just describe how this works.
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我只是解釋一下它的原理
09:10
This poster is wirelessly
connected to my cell phone,
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這張海報透過無線連結到我的手機
09:14
and when you touch it,
it connects to the app.
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當你碰它,它就會連結到應用程式
09:17
(Drums)
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(鼓聲)
09:25
And it has really good response time.
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它反應的很快
09:27
It's using Bluetooth 4, so
it's pretty instantaneous.
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使用的是藍芽4.0,所以才有這麼好的反應
09:32
Okay. Thanks.
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好,謝謝
09:34
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
09:39
And there's a couple of other things.
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還有些其他的事情
09:40
So this one is like a sound board,
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這一塊有點像音版
09:43
so you can touch it, and I just
love these horrible noises.
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你一碰它,就會發出一些我超愛的恐怖聲音
09:48
(Sirens, explosions, breaking glass)
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(警笛聲、爆炸聲、坡璃被打破的聲音)
09:55
Okay, and this is a D.J. turntable.
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這個是一座DJ台
09:58
So it's wirelessly linked to my iPad,
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也是透過無線連結到我的iPad
10:01
and this is a software
that's running on the iPad.
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這是在iPad上執行的軟體
10:05
Oh, yes. I just love doing that.
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噢,我真的很喜歡這麼做
10:09
I'm not a D.J., though, but I just
always wanted to do that.
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雖然我不是一個DJ,但我很喜歡這麼做
10:12
(Scratching)
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(轉DJ台所發出的聲音)
10:14
So I have a crossfader,
and I have the two decks.
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我有一個平滑轉換器,兩個轉盤
10:19
So I've made some new technology,
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我創造了一些新科技
10:22
and I love things being creative,
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我喜歡讓事情變得有創意
10:23
and I love working with creative people.
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我也喜歡和有創意的人工作
10:25
So my 15-year-old niece, she's amazing,
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像是我十五歲的姪女就讓我很驚豔
10:28
and she's called Charlotte,
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她叫夏洛特
10:29
and I asked her to record something,
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我叫她幫我紀錄一些東西
10:31
and I worked with a friend called Elliot
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我和一個叫做埃利奥特的朋友一起做事
10:33
to put some beats together.
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我們把一些拍子合在一起
10:34
So this is my niece, Charlotte.
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這是我的姪女,夏洛特
10:36
(Music)
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(音樂)
11:10
Yay!
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太棒了
11:12
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
11:21
So that's pretty much what I do.
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這差不多就是我的工作
11:23
I just love bringing technology together,
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我喜歡結合科技
11:25
having a lot of fun, being creative.
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做一些好玩,又創意的事情
11:27
But it's not about the technology.
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但這不只是和科技有關
11:28
It's just about, I want to create
some great experiences.
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而是關於我想創造出很棒的經驗
11:31
So thank you very much.
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謝謝你們
11:33
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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