The four fish we're overeating -- and what to eat instead | Paul Greenberg

譯者: 杏儀 歐陽 審譯者: 易帆 余

So when I was a kid ...

童年的時候，

this was my team.

它們就是我的玩伴。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

I stunk at sports.

我運動很差勁，

I didn't like to play them, I didn't like to watch them.

我不喜歡做體育運動， 也不喜歡看別人運動。

So this is what I did. I went fishing.

所以我就選擇去釣魚。

And for all of my growing up I fished on the shores of Connecticut,

我的成長記憶， 都是在康涅狄格州岸邊釣魚，

and these are the creatures that I saw on a regular basis.

而這些生物， 就是我常常遇到的玩伴。

But after I grew up and went to college,

但長大之後，我上了大學，

and I came home in the early 90's,

90年代初，我回到家時，

this is what I found.

我卻發現：

My team had shrunk.

我的玩伴減少了。

It was like literally having your roster devastated.

少得不成隊形。

And as I sort of looked into that,

當我開始從釣客的個人角度

from a very personal point of view as a fisherman,

去調查這件事時，

I started to kind of figure out,

我開始有點想了解，

well, what was the rest of the world thinking about it?

究竟...世界上其他人 對這件事情是怎麼想的？

First place I started to look was fish markets.

我首先去看的地方是魚市。

And when I went to fish markets,

當我去了魚市場，

in spite of where I was --

無論是哪裡的魚市場，

whether I was in North Carolina, or Paris, or London, or wherever --

南卡羅琳娜的、巴黎的、 倫敦的、還有其他地方的，

I kept seeing this weirdly repeating trope of four creatures,

我不斷地看到這四種生物 奇異地重複組合出現，

again and again --

一次又一次地出現

on the menus, on ice --

在菜單上、在冰上：

shrimp, tuna, salmon and cod.

蝦，鮪魚，鮭魚和鱈魚。

And I thought this was pretty strange,

我覺得這樣相當奇怪，

and as I looked at it, I was wondering,

在調查時，我就想：

did anyone else notice this sort of shrinking of the market?

難道沒有別人注意到 市面上的海鮮種類在減少嗎？

Well, when I looked into it,

是的，當我深入調查時，

I realized that people didn't look at it as their team.

我發現人們並沒有 把魚看成他們的玩伴，

Ordinary people, the way they looked at seafood was like this.

普通人眼中的海鮮是這樣的。

It's not an unusual human characteristic

這是人之常情，

to reduce the natural world down to very few elements.

人們喜歡將自然界 精簡成寥寥幾個元素。

We did it before, 10,000 years ago, when we came out of our caves.

一萬年前，從洞穴人進化時， 我們就是這樣子，

If you look at fire pits from 10,000 years ago,

一萬年前的煮食火堆遺跡裡，

you'll see raccoons, you'll see, you know, wolves,

你可以發現浣熊、狼，

you'll see all kinds of different creatures.

各種各樣的生物都有，

But if you telescope to the age of -- you know, 2,000 years ago,

但，要是近觀到兩千年前，

you'll see these four mammals:

你會看到這四種哺乳類動物：

pigs, cows, sheep and goats.

豬、牛、綿羊、山羊。

It's true of birds, too.

還有一些鳥類。

You look at the menus in New York City restaurants

紐約市餐館裡的菜單，

150 years ago, 200 years ago,

在150年前、200年前，

you'll see snipe, woodcock, grouse, dozens of ducks, dozens of geese.

賣的是鷸、山鷸、松雞， 鴨和鵝更是居多，

But telescope ahead to the age of modern animal husbandry,

但再看看現代畜牧業，

and you'll see four:

大家會看到四種生物：

turkeys, ducks, chicken and geese.

火雞、鴨、雞、鵝。

So it makes sense that we've headed in this direction.

因此我們今天之所以這樣， 是可以理解的。

But how have we headed in this direction?

但我們到底是如何走到這一步呢？

Well ...

嗯...

first it's a very, very new problem.

首先這是一個相當新起的問題。

This is the way we've been fishing the oceans over the last 50 years.

我們在過去50年裡 就一直這樣在海裡捕魚。

World War II was a tremendous incentive to arm ourselves in a war against fish.

二戰給了我們極大的動力 來武裝自己、對付魚類。

All of the technology that we perfected during World War II --

我們在二戰期間完善了所有科技，

sonar, lightweight polymers --

例如聲納、輕質聚合物，

all these things were redirected towards fish.

都被轉換成用來對付魚類。

And so you see this tremendous buildup in fishing capacity,

所以你可以看到 捕撈量的驚人增長，

quadrupling in the course of time,

自二戰結束至今，

from the end of World War II to the present time.

短時間裡就翻了兩番。

And right now that means

也就是說，

we're taking between 80 and 90 million metric tons out of the sea every year.

我們現在的年均捕魚量 在 8~9千萬噸之間。

That's the equivalent of the human weight of China

這相當於每年從海裡撈出 全體中國人的重量。

taken out of the sea every year.

And it's no coincidence that I use China as the example

我用中國做例子， 不是純屬巧合，

because China is now the largest fishing nation in the world.

因為中國目前是世界上 捕魚量最大的國家。

Well, that's only half the story.

這只不過是故事的一半。

The other half of the story

故事的另一半是，

is this incredible boom in fish farming and aquaculture,

魚類養殖和水產養殖快速增長，

which is now, only in the last year or two,

在過去短短一兩年時間內，

starting to exceed the amount of wild fish that we produce.

就開始超過野生魚的產量。

So that if you add wild fish and farmed fish together,

所以野生魚和養殖魚加在一起，

you get the equivalent of two Chinas created from the ocean

就等同每年從海裡產出 全體中國人總重量的兩倍。

each and every year.

And again, it's not a coincidence that I use China as the example,

再次，我用中國做例子， 不是純屬巧合，

because China, in addition to being the biggest catcher of fish,

因為中國不僅是最大的捕魚國，

is also the biggest farmer of fish.

還是最大的魚類養殖國。

So let's look though at the four choices we are making right now.

來看看現在我們選擇的四種魚類：

The first one --

首先

by far the most consumed seafood in America and in much of the West,

在美國和許多西方國家 目前消耗最多的海鮮是

is shrimp.

蝦。

Shrimp in the wild -- as a wild product --

野生蝦在野生產品當中，

is a terrible product.

是一種糟糕的產品。

5, 10, 15 pounds of wild fish are regularly killed

一般要殺5、10、15磅的野生魚類

to bring one pound of shrimp to the market.

才能給市場帶來 1 磅蝦。

They're also incredibly fuel inefficient to bring to the market.

而且蝦的運輸燃油效率極低。

In a recent study that was produced out of Dalhousie University,

達爾豪斯大學最近的一項研究發現，

it was found that dragging for shrimp

拖網捕蝦，

is one of the most carbon-intensive ways of fishing that you can find.

是二氧化碳排放最高的捕魚方式之一。

So you can farm them,

你可以養殖蝦，

and people do farm them,

的確有人養蝦，

and they farm them a lot in this very area.

而且在這一帶養得特別多。

Problem is ...

但問題是，

the place where you farm shrimp is in these wild habitats --

養蝦是在野生棲息地養，

in mangrove forests.

在紅樹林裡面養。

Now look at those lovely roots coming down.

大家看看那些往下生長的樹根。

Those are the things that hold soil together,

這些樹根鞏固土壤，

protect coasts, create habitats for all sorts of young fish, young shrimp,

保護海線，為各種小魚蝦 以及各種生物創造棲息地，

all sorts of things that are important to this environment.

而這些生物亦同時維護這個環境。

Well, this is what happens to a lot of coastal mangrove forests.

但是，許多沿海紅樹林 卻落得此下場。

We've lost millions of acres of coastal mangroves

在過去30-40年裡，

我們喪失了上百萬畝的沿海紅樹林。

over the last 30 or 40 years.

That rate of destruction has slowed,

破壞率雖然有減緩，

but we're still in a major mangrove deficit.

但是我們仍然損失了太多的紅樹林。

The other thing that's going on here

目前另外一個狀況是

is a phenomenon that the filmmaker Mark Benjamin called "Grinding Nemo."

電影製作人Mark Benjamin所稱的 「海底碎魚總動員」現象。

This phenomenon is very, very relevant

這個現象，對於你在熱帶珊瑚礁上 看到過的生物來說，至關重要。

to anything that you've ever seen on a tropical reef.

Because what's going on right now,

因為目前捕蝦，

we have shrimp draggers dragging for shrimp,

我們用拖蝦網去捕蝦，

catching a huge amount of bycatch,

同時又兼捕大量副漁獲，

that bycatch in turn gets ground up and turned into shrimp food.

這些副漁獲會被碾碎做蝦飼料。

And sometimes, many of these vessels --

有時許多這些漁船，

manned by slaves --

都是奴工在​​工作--

are catching these so-called "trash fish,"

亦會捕獲到所謂的「垃圾魚」，

fish that we would love to see on a reef,

我們喜歡在珊瑚礁上看到的魚，

grinding them up

然後將它們碾碎，

and turning them into shrimp feed --

將它們變成蝦飼料，

an ecosystem literally eating itself and spitting out shrimp.

一個自己吃自己、自動產蝦 的生態系統。

美國消費量第二大的海鮮，

The next most consumed seafood in America,

and also throughout the West,

亦備受西方國家喜愛，

is tuna.

鮪魚（也叫吞拿魚、金槍魚）

So tuna is this ultimate global fish.

鮪魚是頂級的全球性魚類。

These huge management areas have to be observed

這些大範圍的管理區域必須接受監測，

in order for tuna to be well managed.

目的是更好地管理對鮪魚的捕撈。

Our own management area,

我們的「區域漁業管理組織」，

called a Regional Fisheries Management Organization,

is called ICCAT,

簡稱「ICCAT」，

the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas.

「大西洋鮪類保育委員會」的簡稱。

The great naturalist Carl Safina once called it,

偉大的自然學家 Carl Safina曾經戲稱為：

"The International Conspiracy to Catch all the Tunas."

「撈光所有鮪魚的國際陰謀會」。

Of course we've seen incredible improvement

當然，我們看到ICCAT

in ICCAT in the last few years,

在過去兩年的巨大進步，

there is total room for improvement,

雖然還有很大的改善空間，

but it remains to be said that tuna is a global fish,

鮪魚是不是全球性魚類 雖仍有待商榷，

and to manage it, we have to manage the globe.

但要管理它， 我們就必須全球管理，

Well, we could also try to grow tuna

我們也可以試試養殖鮪魚，

but tuna is a spectacularly bad animal for aquaculture.

但鮪魚極不適合水產養殖。

Many people don't know this but tuna are warm-blooded.

很多人可能不知道， 其實鮪魚是溫血動物。

They can heat their bodies 20 degrees above ambient temperature,

它們可以使自己身體的溫度 比環境溫度高20度，

they can swim at over 40 miles an hour.

鮪魚可以每小時游40英里。

So that pretty much eliminates

所以這把養殖魚類的優點 完全消滅了，對吧？

all the advantages of farming a fish, right?

A farmed fish is --

水產養殖魚或者一般魚

or a fish is cold-blooded, it doesn't move too much.

都是冷血動物，不怎麼運動。

That's a great thing for growing protein.

這有利於蛋白質生長。

But if you've got this crazy, wild creature

但要養殖這瘋狂野生動物，

that swims at 40 miles an hour and heats its blood --

每小時游40英里， 又要溫熱血液，

not a great candidate for aquaculture.

恐怕這對水產養殖來說 不是個好選擇。

The next creature --

美國和西方國家消費最多的 另一種海鮮是

most consumed seafood in America and throughout the West --

is salmon.

鮭魚（也稱三文魚）。

Now salmon got its plundering, too,

目前鮭魚也很搶手，

but it didn't really necessarily happen through fishing.

但是不必通過漁業來捕捉。

This is my home state of Connecticut.

我來自康州。

Connecticut used to be home to a lot of wild salmon.

康州以前是大量野生鮭魚的棲身地。

But if you look at this map of Connecticut,

但看看康州的這張地圖，

every dot on that map is a dam.

地圖上每個點代表一個堤壩。

There are over 3,000 dams in the state of Connecticut.

康州有超過3,000個堤壩。

I often say this is why people in Connecticut are so uptight --

我常說這就是為什麼 康州人脾氣這麼爆躁--

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

If somebody could just unblock Connecticut's chi,

要是有人能把康州通通氣，

I feel that we could have an infinitely better world.

我覺得我們會有 一個更美好的世界。

But I made this particular comment

但是有次我對一個國家公園 的工作人員提了這個提議，

at a convention once of national parks officers,

and this guy from North Carolina sidled up to me, he says,

有個來自南卡州的人 就走過來跟我說：

"You know, you oughtn't be so hard on your Connecticut,

「你可不要太跟你的康州過不去，

cause we here in North Carolina, we got 35,000 dams."

你看我們南卡州這裡， 有3萬5千個堤壩呢。」

So it's a national epidemic, it's an international epidemic.

所以說美國有個堤壩流行病， 這也是個全球流行病。

And there are dams everywhere,

堤壩無處不在，

and these are precisely the things

就是這些堤壩，

that stop wild salmon from reaching their spawning grounds.

讓野生鮭魚無法到達產卵地。

So as a result, we've turned to aquaculture,

因此我們就轉靠水產養殖，

and salmon is one the most successful, at least from a numbers point of view.

而鮭魚是最成功的水產魚類， 至少從數字上看是最成功的。

When they first started farming salmon,

人們剛開始養殖鮭魚時，

it could take as many as six pounds of wild fish

要消耗多達 6 磅野生魚，

to make a single pound of salmon.

才能產出 1 磅鮭魚。

The industry has, to its credit, greatly improved.

鮭魚養殖業的確大有進步。

They've gotten it below two to one,

現在是消耗 2 磅產 1 磅，

although it's a little bit of a cheat

雖然這其中有一點欺騙性，

because if you look at the way aquaculture feed is produced,

因為養殖飼料的生產方式，

they're measuring pellets --

是用顆粒計算的，

pounds of pellets per pound of salmon.

飼料的磅數比鮭魚的磅數。

Those pellets are in turn reduced fish.

而飼料也是用魚製造的。

So the actual -- what's called the FIFO, the fish in and the fish out --

所以實際魚的投入和產出比-- 簡稱為 FIFO--

kind of hard to say.

就很難說出一個正確數字。

But in any case,

但無論如何，

credit to the industry,

養殖業功勞很大，

it has lowered the amount of fish per pound of salmon.

降低了生產每磅鮭魚所需的魚量。

Problem is we've also gone crazy

問題是：目前我們的鮭魚產量 也開始有點瘋狂了。

with the amount of salmon that we're producing.

Aquaculture is the fastest growing food system on the planet.

水產業是全球發展最快的食物系統。

It's growing at something like seven percent per year.

年均增長率約為7%。

And so even though we're doing less per fish

雖然我們消耗更少的魚，

to bring it to the market,

產出更多的鮭魚，

we're still killing a lot of these little fish.

我們還是在捕殺很多小魚。

And it's not just fish that we're feeding fish to,

而且我們不僅用魚來餵魚，

we're also feeding fish to chickens and pigs.

我們也用魚餵雞和豬。

So we've got chickens and they're eating fish,

所以我們吃雞，雞吃魚，

but weirdly, we also have fish that are eating chickens.

但見怪不怪，我們也有魚吃雞，

Because the byproducts of chickens -- feathers, blood, bone --

因為雞的副產品： 雞毛、雞血、雞骨，

get ground up and fed to fish.

會被碾碎用來餵魚。

So I often wonder,

所以我經常想，

is there a fish that ate a chicken that ate a fish?

有沒有魚吃過吃過魚的雞？

It's sort of a reworking of the chicken and egg thing. Anyway --

好像雞生蛋蛋生雞的問題。好吧——

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

All together, though, it results in a terrible mess.

總的來說，結果是非常糟糕的。

What you're talking about

我們看到的是，

is something between 20 and 30 million metric tons of wild creatures

2 - 3千萬公噸的野生動物

that are taken from the ocean and used and ground up.

從海裡捕撈出來， 被碾碎使用。

That's the equivalent of a third of a China,

也就是三分之一中國人的重量，

or of an entire United States of humans

或者是整個美國的總人口體重，

that's taken out of the sea each and every year.

每年從海裡被撈出來。

The last of the four is a kind of amorphous thing.

四種魚裡的最後一種， 定義有點模糊，

It's what the industry calls "whitefish."

業界一般稱為「白魚」。

There are many fish that get cycled into this whitefish thing

很多種魚最後變成了所謂的「白魚」，

but the way to kind of tell the story, I think,

但要解釋個中故事，

is through that classic piece of American culinary innovation,

要先提一下美國飲食 的革命性發明:

the Filet-O-Fish sandwich.

麥香魚堡。

So the Filet-O-Fish sandwich actually started as halibut.

麥香魚堡一開始用的是大比目魚。

And it started because a local franchise owner

原因是當時一個本地食店老闆發現

found that when he served his McDonald's on Friday, nobody came.

星期五他的麥當勞店沒有顧客。

Because it was a Catholic community, they needed fish.

因為當地人信基督教，需要吃魚。

So he went to Ray Kroc and he said,

所以他去找Ray Kro，說：

"I'm going to bring you a fish sandwich, going to be made out of halibut."

「我要做一種魚肉堡， 用大比目魚做。」

Ray Kroc said, "I don't think it's going to work.

Ray Kroc就說：「我看不太好吧!」

I want to do a Hula Burger,

「我想做一種呼拉漢堡，

and there's going to be a slice of pineapple on a bun.

在麵包上放一片菠蘿。

But let's do this, let's have a bet.

我們倆各做各的， 打賭看誰贏。

Whosever sandwich sells more, that will be the winning sandwich."

誰的漢堡賣得多， 誰的漢堡是冠軍漢堡。」

Well, it's kind of sad for the ocean that the Hula Burger didn't win.

哎，呼拉漢堡最後沒有贏， 對大海真是件悲傷的事，

So he made his halibut sandwich.

所以他就做了比目魚堡。

Unfortunately though, the sandwich came in at 30 cents.

不過不妙的是， 魚堡賣30美分一個，

Ray wanted the sandwich to come in at 25 cents,

Ray想要做到25美分。

so he turned to Atlantic cod.

所以他就去用大西洋鱈魚。

We all know what happened to Atlantic cod in New England.

新英格蘭的大西洋鱈魚， 不用說大家都知道。

So now the Filet-O-Fish sandwich is made out of Alaska pollock,

所以如今的麥香魚堡 用的是阿拉斯加黃線狹鱈，

it's the largest fin fish fishery in the United States,

它是美國捕撈量最大的魚類，

2 to 3 billion pounds of fish taken out of the sea every single year.

每年捕撈20到30億磅。

If we go through the pollock,

如果黃線狹鱈撈完了，

the next choice is probably going to be tilapia.

下一個選擇應該就是羅非魚。

Tilapia is one of those fish nobody ever heard of 20 years ago.

羅非魚在20年前不出名，

It's actually a very efficient converter of plant protein into animal protein,

但可以非常有效地將植物蛋白質 轉為動物蛋白質，

and it's been a godsend to the third world.

羅非魚一直是第三世界的福音。

It's actually a tremendously sustainable solution,

它其實是一種極好的 可持續發展解決方案，

it goes from an egg to an adult in nine months.

它從卵成長為成魚只需九個月。

The problem is that when you look about the West,

問題是從西方角度看，

it doesn't do what the West wants it to do.

羅非魚卻沒有西方想要的特點。

It really doesn't have what's called an oily fish profile.

羅非魚沒有所謂的“魚油”賣點。

It doesn't have the EPA and DHA omega-3s

也沒有EPA，DHA、 omega-3不飽和脂肪酸，

that we all think are going to make us live forever.

這些我們覺得吃了 可以長生不老的東西。

So what do we do?

那我們該怎麼辦？

I mean, first of all, what about this poor fish, the clupeids?

首先來說， 這種小魚怎麼樣，鯡魚？

The fish that represent a huge part of that 20 to 30 million metric tons.

在上面提到的二、三千萬噸裡， 這種魚占了很大比例。

Well, one possibility that a lot of conservationists have raised

許多保護主義者 都提到這種可能性，

is could we eat them?

我們可以吃鯡魚嗎？

Could we eat them directly instead of feeding them to salmon?

我們可不可以直接吃它， 而不是用來餵鮭魚？

There are arguments for it.

這有些爭論。

They are tremendously fuel efficient to bring to market,

鯡魚的燃油經濟性極高，

a fraction of the fuel cost of say, shrimp,

只佔蝦的燃油費用的冰山一角，

and at the very top of the carbon efficiency scale.

碳效率的排名也相當可觀。

They also are omega-3 rich, a great source for EPA and DHA.

鯡魚含豐富EPA、DHA、 omega-3不飽和脂肪酸。

So that is a potential.

所以鯡魚有潛力。

And if we were to go down that route what I would say is,

如果我們從這點說開來， 我想說的是，

instead of paying a few bucks a pound -- or a few bucks a ton, really --

與其在每磅上支出幾美元-- 實際是每噸幾美元--

and making it into aquafeed,

用來把鯡魚變成魚飼料，

could we halve the catch and double the price for the fishermen

我們是不是可以將捕撈量減半， 讓漁民的售價提升一倍，

and make that our way of treating these particular fish?

以此作為我們對待 這些魚類的做法嗎？

Other possibility though, which is much more interesting,

另外一個選擇更有趣：

is looking at bivalves, particularly mussels.

雙殼貝類，特別是貽貝。

Now, mussels are very high in EPA and DHA, they're similar to canned tuna.

貽貝含豐富EPA和DHA， 跟鮪魚罐頭相似。

They're also extremely fuel efficient.

貽貝的燃油經濟性也極高。

To bring a pound of mussels to market

上市一磅貽貝的碳排放，

is about a thirtieth of the carbon as required to bring beef to market.

只有上市一磅牛肉的十三分之一。

They require no forage fish,

它們也不用吃魚，

they actually get their omega-3s by filtering the water of microalgae.

它們實際上可以過濾水中的藻類 得到自己的omega-3不飽和脂肪酸。

In fact, that's where omega-3s come from, they don't come from fish.

這其實是omega-3不飽和脂肪酸 的來源，而不是魚。

Microalgae make the omega-3s, they're only bioconcentrated in fish.

omega-3不飽和脂肪酸由藻類製造， 它們在魚類體內進行生物富集，

Mussels and other bivalves

貽貝和其他雙殼類

do tremendous amounts of water filtration.

能過濾大量的水。

A single mussel can filter dozens of gallons every single day.

一個貽貝每天可以過濾幾十加侖水。

And this is incredibly important when we look at the world.

這對地球的發展相當重要。

Right now, nitrification, overuse of phosphates in our waterways

如今，水體中過量的氮和磷

are causing tremendous algal blooms.

使得藻類大量繁殖。

Over 400 new dead zones have been created in the last 20 years,

過去20年裡新形成的死水區 有超過400個，

tremendous sources of marine life death.

造成大量的海洋生物死亡。

We also could look at not a fish at all.

我們還可以完全不考慮魚類，

We could look at a vegetable.

我們可以考慮植物，

We could look at seaweed, the kelps,

我們可以吃海帶，褐藻，

all these different varieties of things that can be high in omega-3s,

它們有許多不同品種， 均富含ω-3不飽和脂肪酸，

can be high in proteins,

富含蛋白質，

tremendously good things.

極好的優質食品。

They filter the water just like mussels do.

這些植物可以像貽貝那樣過濾水。

And weirdly enough,

而且信不信由你，

it turns out that you can actually feed this to cows.

你還可以用海帶來餵牛。

Now, I'm not a big fan of cattle.

我不是那麼喜歡吃牛。

But if you wanted to keep growing cattle

但要是你想養牛，

in a time and place where water resources are limited,

但是養殖時間和地點 不能提供很多水源，

you're growing seaweed in the water, you don't have to water it --

你可以在水裡養海草， 又不需要去澆水——

major consideration.

這點很重要。

And the last fish is a question mark.

最後一種魚是一個問號。

We have the ability to create aquacultured fish

我們現在有能力 去創造一種水產養殖魚，

that creates a net gain of marine protein for us.

給我們帶來豐富海洋蛋白。

This creature would have to be vegetarian,

這種魚要只吃植物，

it would have to be fast growing,

又要生長得很快，

it would have to be adaptable to a changing climate

既要容易適應氣候變化，

and it would have to have that oily fish profile,

又要有油性魚類的好處，

that EPA, DHA, omega-3 fatty acid profile that we're looking for.

給我們帶來EPA、DHA、 omega-3不飽和脂肪酸。

This exists kind of on paper.

這似乎只存在於紙面上。

I have been reporting on these subjects for 15 years.

過去15年我一直報導這類話題。

Every time I do a new story, somebody tells me,

每次我做一個新報導， 人們就說：

"We can do all that. We can do it. We've figured it all out.

「這些我們都可以做到。沒問題。 我們已經有辦法了。」

We can produce a fish

「我們可以生產一種魚，

that's a net gain of marine protein and has omega-3s."

富含海洋蛋白和 omega-3不飽和脂肪酸。」

Great.

了不起。

It doesn't seem to be getting scaled up.

但好像做不成規模。

It is time to scale this up.

是時候要把這規模做大。

If we do,

要是做到，

30 million metric tons of seafood, a third of the world catch,

三千萬噸海鮮， 全球捕撈量的三分之一，

stays in the water.

就可以留在水裡。

So I guess what I'm saying is this is what we've been going with.

所以我想說的就是， 這些是我們一直以來的選擇。

We tend to go with our appetites rather than our minds.

我們傾向於聽從自己的胃口， 而不是我們的思想。

But if we went with this, or some configuration of it,

但要是我們選擇這些， 或者類似的組合，

we might have a little more of this.

那我們就可以有更多魚類。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）