How to overcome apathy and find your power | Dolores Huerta

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Yanyan Hong

I want to start out with quoting Helen Keller,

我想用海倫凱勒的話 來開始這場演說，

that great woman that we all admire.

她是位人人都景仰的女性。

And she had a statement that is very profound,

她說過一句非常深奧的話，

and this statement is

那句話就是，

that science has been able to find cures for many evils,

科學已經能夠 為許多罪惡找到解藥，

but never the greatest evil of all in human beings,

但始終無法治療人類的萬惡之首，

and that evil is apathy.

也就是冷淡。

So, we know that apathy really costs us a lot,

我們知道，冷淡讓我們 付出很大的代價，

especially in our democracy.

特別是在我們的民主方面。

And when we think of why people do not get involved,

當我們去思考為什麼 大家不願意去涉入，

why they do not become activists,

為什麼大家不成為行動主義者，

it's often that people are so worn down with their own familial responsibilities,

答案通常是，大家已經因為 自己的家庭責任而精疲力盡了，

and women especially.

特別是女性。

You know, women, they have so many inhibitions.

你們知道的， 女性受到好多的禁制。

Many of them have suffered so much trauma in their lives,

許多女性在一生中受到巨大的創傷，

so many aggressions in their lives.

一生中遭受好多侵犯行為。

And so it's very hard for them to realize that they have leadership capacities.

所以，她們很難知道 她們同樣擁有領導能力。

That they can get out there, and they could change the world.

她們其實可以站出來， 可以改變世界。

Another thing that many women --

許多女性還有一個狀況——

we think that we have to do everything.

我們認為什麼都得由我們來做。

That we are the only ones responsible for our families,

認為我們得要獨自 扛起我們家庭的責任，

and it is so hard for us to delegate

我們很難授權別人來做這些事，

and just get others to help us do the duties that we are responsible for.

很難讓別人來協助我們 做我們負責的工作。

We feel embarrassed or we feel guilty.

我們會覺得丟臉或是有罪惡感。

But we know that we have to make this happen,

但我們知道，我們 必須要做到這一點，

because if not, we will never have time to be able to volunteer

如果不這樣的話，我們就 永遠不會有時間能夠自願

to help on these many causes that are now facing us.

去協助達成我們現在 面對的許多目標。

One of the areas that women can give up a little bit of time

女人可以在一個領域中 放棄一點點時間，

and that is in shopping, OK?

那個領域就是購物。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And especially when we go out there

特別是當我們出門去

shopping for things that we don't even need.

購買一堆我們根本不需要的東西。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

You know, you never saw a hearse with a U-Haul behind it.

你們從未見過 U-Haul 跟在靈車的後面 。 （意思是：人死後「萬般帶不去」）

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

We have to live simply, so that others can simply live.

我們得要簡單地過日子 其他人才有日子能過。

And when we think of the kind of inheritance

當我們去思考有什麼遺產

that we want to leave to our children or our grandchildren,

是我們想要留給孩子、孫子的，

think of leaving them a legacy of justice.

想想看我們可以留給他們 「正義」這項遺產。

This is a legacy that they can not only imitate,

這項遺產不只是讓他們可以仿效，

but they can be proud of for the rest of their lives.

他們也可以在餘生為此感到自豪。

If we leave them a lot of material goods, all they're going to do is fight,

如果我們留給他們很多實體的物品， 他們只會做一件事：打鬥，

and they're going to hate each other.

且他們將會痛恨彼此。

Just remember that, when we think about what we're doing.

當我們思考我們該做什麼時， 別忘了這點。

The other thing that we have to do to liberate our women, eventually,

若最終要解放女性， 還有一件事是我們得做的，

so that we can do the kind of volunteer work that we need to do

這樣我們才能去做我們 必須要做的自願性工作，

to change this world,

來改變這個世界，

is we have to have a different kind of an education for our young women.

這件事就是要提供 年輕女性一種不同的教育。

Unfortunately, in our societies around the world,

不幸的是，在全世界的社會中，

women are taught to be victims.

女人都被教導成為受害者。

Women are not taught that they are going to have to defend themselves,

女人並沒有被教導 要學會保衛自己，

that they're going to have to support themselves

沒有被教導要學會支持自己，

and they have to protect themselves.

及要學會保護自己。

Because, you know, when we actually look at the animal kingdom,

因為，你們知道的， 當我們真的去看動物王國，

and we see who are the most ferocious, the male or the female?

我們看到最兇殘的 都是雄性或雌性？

We know it's the female, right?

我們都知道是雌性，對吧？

So something went wrong with us at the top of that animal kingdom as women.

所以，在動物王國最上層的 人類女性應該是出了什麼問題。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So I want to give you an example of how I found my voice.

我想要舉個例子，跟各位說明 我如何找到我的聲音。

And I was very fortunate in that, when I was 25 years old,

我是很幸運的，當時我二十五歲，

I met a gentleman named Fred Ross Sr.,

我遇到了一位男士， 叫做大佛萊德羅斯，

who organized a chapter of a group called the Community Service Organization

他組織了「社區服務組織」 這個團體的一個分會，

in my hometown of Stockton, California.

位在我的家鄉，加州的史塔克頓。

This was a grassroots organization, and I was recruited to be a volunteer.

它是一個草根組織， 我被招募成為該組織的志工。

So, one day, while we were sitting in the office,

有一天，當我們坐在辦公室裡，

a farm worker comes in.

有一位農工走進來。

And he's paralyzed, he can hardly walk, he has a crutch.

他癱瘓了，他幾乎無法走路， 他帶著一根拐杖。

And he needs help.

他需要協助。

He needs someone to help him go down to the welfare office

他需要有人協助他去福利辦公室，

and make an application.

去做一項申請。

So, I volunteered to do that.

所以，我自願做這件事。

But when I got to the welfare office,

但，當我到了福利辦公室，

they would not let me make an application for this gentleman.

他們不讓我代替這位男士申請。

So I didn't know what to do, I was at a loss.

我不知道該如何是好，我很茫然。

So I went back to the office, and I told Mr. Ross,

所以，我回到辦公室， 告訴羅斯先生此事：

"They won't let me make an application."

「他們不讓我申請。」

And he said to me, very sternly,

他非常堅決地對我說：

"You go right back down to that welfare office,

「你再回去福利辦公室，

and you demand to see a supervisor.

要求見主管。

And you demand that they let him make an application."

然後要求他們必須讓他申請。」

And I thought, "Wow, I can do that?"

我心想：「哇，能這樣啊？」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So I thought about it,

所以，我想了一下，

and I kind of overcame my anxieties and my fears.

算是克服了我的焦慮和恐懼。

I went down to the welfare office and I demanded to see the supervisor.

我前往福利辦公室，要求見主管。

Sure enough, he came out,

當然，他出來了，

and they had to let Mr. Ruiz make an application for welfare.

而他們得要讓魯茲先生 完成福利的申請。

And he got his disability for himself and his family.

他為自己和他的家人 取得了殘障福利。

But that taught me a lesson.

但那教了我一課。

That taught me that I had a voice.

那教了我：我也有聲音。

Well, Mr. Ross also taught many of us many other things, including Cesar Chavez

羅斯先生也教了我們很多人 很多其他的事，包括凱薩查維茲，

and many other volunteers.

以及許多其他志工。

And he taught us not only that we can make demands of people,

他教我們，我們不僅 可以對別人提出要求，

especially our public officials.

特別是對我們的政府官員。

And this is something we should always keep in mind:

我們應該永遠牢記這件事：

every public official -- guess what -- they work for us.

每一位政府官員—— 你猜如何——他們為我們工作。

Because we pay their salaries with out taxes.

因為我們繳稅來支付他們的薪水。

And they are actually our servants.

他們其實是我們的公僕。

Some of them turn out to be leaders, but not all of them.

他們當中有些人後來成了領袖， 但並非所有人。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Once in a while we get a leader out of there.

偶爾，他們之中會出一位領袖。

The other thing that Mr. Ross taught us is that voting is extremely important.

羅斯先生還教了我們另一件事， 投票是非常重要的。

And not just voting,

不只是投票，

but going out there and getting other people to vote.

還要採取行動，讓其他人去投票。

Going door to door.

挨家挨戶拜訪。

Phone banking, talking to voters,

電話銀行，和選舉人談話，

because many voters have a lot of doubts and they don't know how to vote.

因為許多選舉人有許多疑惑， 且他們不知道要如何投票。

And unfortunately,

不幸的是，

we know that in many countries people are not allowed to vote

我們知道，在許多國家， 人民不被允許投票，

because we have voter suppression in other countries,

因為在其他國家會打壓選舉人，

like we do here in the United States of America.

就像我們美國這裡所做的一樣。

But the thing is, if we can get out there as individuals

但，重點是，如果我們能夠 以個人的身分採取行動，

and talk to people, so we can remove their apathy

和大家交談，來消除他們的冷淡，

and make sure that they can vote.

確保他們去投票。

So, I want to give you an example of a woman in our foundation,

讓我舉個例子， 我們的基金會有一名女子，

the Dolores Huerta Foundation,

Dolores Huerta 基金會，

and just to show you that sometimes people have power,

這個例子可以讓各位看到， 有時人們本來就擁有力量，

but they don't know it.

只是他們不知道。

But once they find it, they do miraculous things.

但一旦他們找到了這股力量， 他們就能做到驚人的事。

So, Leticia Prado is an immigrant from Mexico,

所以，拉蒂夏普拉多 是來自墨西哥的移民，

only has a sixth-grade education

只有六年級的教育程度，

and speaks very limited English.

能說的英文也很有限。

But she was very concerned

但她非常擔心，

because the children at the middle school in their town called Weedpatch --

因為在他們的小鎮 威德帕奇的中學學生——

this is in California, Central Valley --

這是加州的中央谷地——

they couldn't go out and play in the schoolyard,

他們不能出去到校園運動場玩耍，

because the air quality is so bad

因為空氣品質太差了，

in the southern part of Kern County, California

在美國加州克恩郡的南方地區。

in our United States of America.

So she and her husband went out there, and they passed a bond issue

她和她先生站出來， 他們通過了一項債券發行，

to build a brand new, state-of-the-art gymnasium

來建立全新的先進體育館，

for the kids at their middle school.

供他們的中學的學生使用。

That was a big success.

那是個大成功。

Then she heard a rumor

然後，她聽到謠言，

that the principal was going to end the breakfast program

聽說校長打算要終止

農工孩童的早餐方案，

for the farm worker children,

because the principal thought it was just too much paperwork.

因為校長認為文書作業太繁重了。

So, Leticia got herself elected to the school board.

所以拉蒂夏競選並被選為 學校董事會成員。

And they kept the breakfast program, and she got rid of the principal.

他們保住了早餐方案， 還擺脫掉了那位校長。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So there were other rumors

還有其他的謠言，

about some corruption in the local water district.

提到當地的水管區有貪腐的現象。

So, Leticia got herself elected to the water district.

所以，拉蒂夏又到 水管區參選並當選。

Then she looked into all of the finances of the water district

她調查了水管區的所有財務，

and found there was 250,000 dollars missing from their bank account.

發現他們的銀行帳戶中 有二十五萬美金不見了。

So, Leticia called in the grand jury, and several arrests have been made.

所以，拉蒂夏打電話給大陪審團， 逮捕了好幾個人。

And this is just an example of a woman who never went to high school,

在這個例子中的這位女子，

從來沒有上過高中， 也沒上過大學，

never went to college,

but she found her power.

但她找到了她的力量。

And in addition, she has recruited other people in the community

此外，她也招募了社區中的其他人，

to also run for public office,

請他們也去競選，

and guess what -- they've all gotten themselves elected.

猜猜如何——他們全都當選了。

So, I take that Leticia really embodies

所以，我認為拉蒂夏真的實現了

something that Coretta Scott King said.

科麗塔史考特金恩說的話。

And I want to share this with you. Coretta Scott King said,

我想和各位分享， 科麗塔史考特金恩說：

"We will never have peace in the world until women take power."

「在女人掌權之前， 世界永遠不會和平。」

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Now, I have amended that statement to say

我把她的話做了點修改：

that we will never have peace in the world until feminists take power.

在女權主義者掌權之前， 世界永遠不會和平。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Because we know there is a difference, right?

我們知道這兩者有差別，對吧？

Not only that, but if we want to define what is a feminist --

不只如此，如果我們要 定義女權主義者——

a person who stands up for reproductive rights,

一個人願意站出來，支持生育權、

for immigrants' rights, for the environment,

支持移民者的權利、支持環境，

for LGBT rights and also for labor unions and working people.

支持 LGBT 的權利， 還有勞工工會以及勞動階級。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Which also means that men can also be feminists.

意思就是，男性也可以 是女權主義者。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So when we think of feminization,

當我們思考「女性化」時，

we should also think of how can we feminize the policies,

我們應該也要想想我們如何 能夠將政策給女性化，

and not only of our major countries,

不只是大國，

the wealthy countries like the United States,

富有的國家如美國，

but all over the world,

而是全世界，

our domestic and foreign policy.

我們的國內和外交政策。

And one of the things that we can do to stop wars and to have peace

若要阻止戰爭、追求和平， 我們能做的事之一

is to make sure that the wealthiest countries in the world

就是要確保世界上最富有的國家

also help the developing countries.

也能協助開發中國家。

Now, we did this in the past.

我們在過去會這麼做。

After World War II,

在第二次大戰之後，

when Japan and Germany were devastated after the war,

戰後日本和德國飽受蹂躪，

United States of America gave many tax dollars to those two countries,

美國把稅收的很大一部分 給了這兩個國家，

so that they can rebuild their economies and rebuild their corporations.

讓它們能夠重建經濟，重建企業。

And we can do that again.

我們可以再做一次這種事。

And if we can think about how we can help these other countries.

如果我們能夠想想， 我們能如何協助其他國家。

And I want to give an example

我想要舉個例子，

of issues that we are facing in the United States of America,

關於我們在美國所面臨的議題。

for instance.

舉例來說。

We know that right now

我們知道現在有許多 來自中美的難民，

we have a lot of refugees from Central America

that are at the border of the United States.

待在美國的邊境。

Why do people leave their homes,

人們為什麼要離開自己美麗的家？

their beautiful homes that we go to as tourists?

我們還會去那些地方觀光呢。

Because they don't have opportunities there.

因為他們在那裡沒有機會。

And then we think, "Hm, bananas."

接著，我們想：「嗯，香蕉。」

How many jillions of bananas do we consume in the United States every single day?

在美國，我們每天會消費多少香蕉？

And throughout the world.

全世界呢？

Now, do the people in Central America

中美的人

get the profits from the bananas that we consume?

是否有從我們消費的香蕉獲利？

No, they don't.

並沒有。

The profits go to corporations from the United States of America.

利潤到了美國企業的手上。

And we think that this is wrong.

我們認為那是不對的。

Now, if the people in Central America were to be able to get some of that money

如果中美的人能夠取得

一些我們買香蕉的錢，

that we pay for bananas,

then they wouldn't have to leave their homes.

他們就不用離開家園了。

They wouldn't have to come as asylum seekers

他們就不用像尋求政治避難者一樣

to the borders of the United States of America.

來到美國的邊境了。

And then maybe, many children would not have to be separated from their parents.

也許，那時候，許多孩子 也不用和父母分離。

Now, we know that there are countries in the world

我們知道，世界上有些國家

that actually have free education and have free health care

真的提供免費的教育和健康照護，

for all of the people in their country.

全國的國民都可享用。

And that country is Cuba.

那個國家就是古巴。

Cuba has health care for every one of their citizens,

古巴的所有公民都享有健康照護，

and they have a free college education for every one of their citizens.

所有的公民也都能免費讀大學。

They're 11 million citizens.

他們有一千一百萬名公民。

Now, we think, if a poor country like Cuba

我們可以想想， 如果像古巴這麼貧窮的國家

can have these kind of resources, and we know that they're a poor country,

都能有這樣的資源， 且我們知道他們是個貧窮的國家，

then why can't some of the other wealthier countries,

那麼，為什麼其他更富有的國家，

like the United States of America,

像是美國，

do the same?

為什麼不能？

I think that we can make that happen.

我認為我們可以實現它。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

But we know it's not going to happen

但我們知道，它不會成真，

until we, the people of the United States of America,

除非我們，美國人民，

and people throughout the world,

以及全世界的人民，

start making sure that they get public officials elected to their governments

開始確保他們選出的政府官員

that really care about the constituents, they care about people,

真正在乎憲法，在乎人民，

they will commit to make sure that the resources that they have

他們會承諾要確保他們擁有的資源

are going to be used for their citizens, and not to be used for war.

會被用在公民身上， 而不是用在打仗上。

So, how do we make this happen?

我們要如何讓它成真？

We have to get rid of the apathy,

我們得要擺脫冷淡，

we have to get more people involved.

我們得要讓更多人參與。

We know that if we can't have a democracy in the United States,

我們知道，在美國若要擁有民主，

we can't have democracies throughout the world,

在全世界若要擁有民主，

unless people participate.

就需要人民參與。

So it is imperative that all of us get out there and we say,

所以，極重要的就是， 我們所有人都要站出來，說：

"Get rid of the apathy, get off of the sidewalk,

「擺脫冷淡，別再站在人行道上，

come and join the march for peace and justice,

一起走上街加入遊行， 爭取和平和正義，

let's make Coretta Scott's vision a reality,

咱們來實現科麗塔史考特的遠景，

to have peace in the world."

達成世界和平。」

We recently had midterm elections in the United States of America.

最近，美國期中選舉剛舉行。

And what did we see?

我們看見了什麼？

We saw that so many more women,

我們看到有更多更多的女性、

young people, people of color, LGBT folks,

年輕人、有色人種、LGBT 族群，

were all elected to public office.

都選上了公職。

And we know this happened -- why?

我們知道這發生了——為什麼？

Because so many women were on the march.

因為有好多女性去遊行。

We had the Women's March in the United States.

在美國，我們有女性遊行。

They had the Women's Marches all over the world.

在全世界都有女性遊行。

And so we now see that we have this potential.

現在我們可以看到， 我們有這種潛力。

We have this potential to get rid of the apathy.

我們有潛力可以擺脫冷淡。

And if we get everyone involved, get everyone committed,

如果我們能讓人人參與， 讓人人投入，

then, I think, we can make Coretta Scott's vision come true.

那麼，我想，我們就能 實現科麗塔史考特的遠景。

So, I want to just remind everybody,

我只是想提醒大家，

throughout the world, one of the things is,

在全世界，很重要的事之一就是

we have power,

我們有力量，

poor people have power,

窮人有力量，

every citizen has power.

每位公民都有力量。

But in order to achieve the peace that we all yearn for,

但若要達成我們大家渴望的和平，

then we've all got to get involved.

我們所有人都得要參與。

So, what do we say?

所以我們要說什麼？

Can we do it?

我們能做到嗎？我們說： 「是的，我們能！」

We say, "Yes, we can!"

And in Spanish, we say, "Sí, se puede."

用西班牙，我們說： 「Sí, se puede.」

Thank you very much.

非常謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）