How augmented reality is changing activism | Glenn Cantave

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang

My name is Glenn,

我是葛倫，

I'm 25,

今年二十五歲，

and I don't know my real last name.

我不知道我真正的姓氏。

It's not uncommon in America.

這種狀況在美國並非不常見。

Most black people in this country are walking around

在這個國家，大部分的黑人

with a slave owner's last name.

用的都是奴隸主的姓氏。

Black history has been systemically erased and altered for centuries.

數世紀來，黑人歷史已經 被系統性地抹除和改變。

As I give this talk,

我在這裡演講時，

there are more than 700 Confederate monuments standing nationwide.

全國有超過七百座 南方聯盟的紀念碑。

These were erected to honor Confederate soldiers

立碑的目的是對 南方聯盟的士兵表示敬意，

who fought to maintain slavery --

他們為了維護奴隸制度而戰—— 大部分都是在南方——

mostly in the South --

from the 1890s to the 1950s,

從 1890 年代到 1950 年代，

when Jim Crow laws enforcing racial segregation were in full effect.

那段時間，吉姆 · 克勞法 極端強制種族隔離。

To this day, black people are forced to confront monuments of slaveholders

至今，黑人仍被迫要在公共空間中

正視奴隸主的紀念碑。

in our public spaces.

These memorials are a physical representation of a system

這些紀念碑是體制的具體代表，

that is actively working to define whose lives matter

這個體制主動去定義誰的命重要、

and whose lives do not.

誰的命不重要。

If we are going to disrupt the narrative,

如果我們要中止這種故事，

we have to start at the origin.

我們就得從源頭下手。

Genocide, slavery and patriarchy started in the Americas

種族大屠殺、奴隸制度、父權制

都是在哥倫布時代出現在美國。

with Christopher Columbus.

Most people in the United States know about his voyage of 1492.

在美國，大部分人都知道 他 1492 年的航行。

Fewer people know that an estimated 250,000 indigenous Arawaks were wiped out

很少人知道，

在他到達後的兩年內，

估計有二十五萬原住民 阿拉瓦克人被除掉。

within two years of his arrival.

Even fewer people know

更少人知道，

that Columbus admitted in a letter written to Doña Juana de la Torre

哥倫布在寫給 Doña Juana de la Torre 的信上承認

that "nine and 10-year-old girls were in high demand,

「非常需要九、十歲的女孩，

and for girls of all ages a good price must be paid."

且願意用很好的價格 購買各種年齡的女孩。」

Yet New York City's Columbus Circle has had him perched 76 feet high

但，紐約市的哥倫布圓環 有一座七十六英呎的哥倫布雕像，

next to Central Park since 1892.

從 1982 年起就 一直在中央公園旁。

I started Movers and Shakers,

我創立了 Movers and Shakers，

a nonprofit,

它是一個非營利組織， 目的是要移除這座雕像。

to get the statue removed.

Movers and Shakers is a group of activists, artists,

Movers and Shakers 的團隊 成員包括活動家、藝術家、

educators and engineers focused on using immersive technology

教育家，和工程師， 重點在使用身歷其境的技術

to highlight the narratives of the oppressed.

將被壓迫者的故事給突顯出來。

In our campaign to knock Columbus off his pedestal,

在我們打算將哥倫布 打下雕像墊座的活動中，

we engaged in a visually provocative form of activism.

我們採用了一種在視覺上 很有煽動性的行動主義形式。

We created an augmented reality installation

我們創造了一個 擴增實境現實裝置，

on the true story of Christopher Columbus

主題是哥倫布的真實故事，

and used it to host teach-ins in Columbus Circle and Times Square.

用它來主持在哥倫布圓環 和時代廣場的教學。

Many see the controversy around the statue

許多人把雕像的爭議視為

as tension between the Italian-American community

義大利裔美國人族群

和原住民族群之間的緊張局勢。

and the indigenous community.

The reality is that most black people are here in this country

現實是，現在之所以 有許多黑人在這個國家裡，

as a result of the atrocities

就是哥倫布帶起的殘暴行為

that were kicked off by Christopher Columbus.

所造成的結果。

So we ended up holding a slave auction in Union Square

最後，我們在聯合廣場 舉辦奴隸拍賣，

to tie into the genesis of the transatlantic slave trade.

促成了橫越大西洋 做奴隸買賣的起源。

I ran the New York City Marathon in chains to spread awareness to this issue.

我戴著鐵鏈去跑紐約市馬拉松， 希望喚起對這個議題的意識。

I was also arrested in Giants Stadium for hosting a slave reenactment

我也在巨人球場被逮捕，

因為我在巨人足球隊的 主場首開賽中重演奴隸。

at their football team's home opener.

We gave it everything that we had,

我們盡了全力，

but in the end,

但最終紐約市決定要保留雕像，

New York City decided to keep the statue,

and New York State unanimously voted to make it a landmark.

紐約州全體一致投票通過， 讓它成為地標。

The news was devastating,

這消息讓人好無力，

but it opened up another door.

但它也開啟了另一扇門。

We realized that with augmented reality

我們了解到，若採用擴增實境，

you don't need permission from the government

不需要政府的許可，

to put up a monument or to make a statement.

就能夠立起紀念碑或是發表聲明。

You can just do it.

你可以直接就去動手做。

So New York City right now

目前紐約市

currently has more than 150 statues of men and six of women

有超過一百五十座男性雕像 和六座女性雕像，

and currently acknowledges slaveholders in public spaces as well.

且目前也在公共空間中 肯定奴隸主。

So we decided, why not just put up a bunch of AR monuments

所以，我們決定， 為何不在全市各地設立

一堆女性和有色人種的 擴增實境紀念碑？

of women and people of color throughout the city?

Typically, monuments are created

通常，建造紀念碑的目的

to commemorate the achievements of the deceased,

是要紀念死者的成就，

but with augmented reality, we can reroute the rules.

但有了擴增實境， 我們可以改寫規則。

We started with sports.

我們先從運動著手。

Colin Kaepernick.

科林 · 卡佩尼克。

He was the starting quarterback of the San Francisco 49ers,

他曾在舊金山四九人隊 擔任先發四分衛，

and he wanted to use his platform

他想要用他的平台

to highlight the injustice of systemic racism.

來突顯出體制中的種族主義 有多麼不公正。

So he consulted a Green Beret on the most respectful way to do this,

所以他請教美國陸軍特種部隊， 最尊重的做法是什麼，

and he decided to take a knee during the national anthem.

他決定在唱國歌的時候單膝跪地。

He lost his contract with the 49ers,

他丟了和四九人隊的合約，

he was blackballed by every NFL owner,

他被所有 NFL 球隊老闆排斥，

he was criticized by millions

他被數百萬人批評，

and even the president of the United States

就連美國總統

decided to insult him.

都決定要侮辱他。

It may be decades before Colin Kaepernick is adequately respected for his courage,

或許科林 · 卡佩尼克的勇氣在 數十年之後才會得到應有的敬重，

so our team decided to do this.

所以我們的團隊決定從他開始。

Now anyone that walks by Trump Tower can see Colin Kaepernick take a knee

現在只要走過川普大廈，

就可以看到擴增實境的 科林卡佩尼克單膝跪地，

in augmented reality,

and there's nothing they can do about it.

且他們完全沒輒。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Representation matters.

代表性很重要。

Serena Williams proved to the world

小威廉絲向世界證明

that a black girl from Compton can dominate a sport

來自康普頓的黑人女孩也能稱霸

that's traditionally played at exclusive country clubs.

傳統上只有在專門的 鄉村俱樂部中才有的運動。

Let's celebrate her now.

咱們來讚頌她吧。

Jackie Robinson.

傑基 · 羅賓森。

He broke the color barrier

他打破了膚色的障礙，

and empowered many black athletes to play in Major League Baseball.

讓許多黑人運動員 能在職棒大聯盟打球。

We're going to take this monument of him and put it in Ebbets Field

我們要把他的紀念碑 放在艾比斯球場，

so that anyone can see him swing for the fences

大家都能在布魯克林的 艾比斯球場看到他用力揮棒。

in Ebbets Field in Brooklyn.

With augmented reality,

有了擴增實境，

we have the power to tell stories in public spaces that need to be told.

我們就能夠在公共空間 訴說必須要說出來的故事。

The achievements of people like Frida Kahlo, Audre Lorde,

一些人的成就，例如 芙烈達 · 卡蘿、艾德烈 · 洛爾德、

Toussaint Louverture,

杜桑 · 盧維杜爾、

Madam C.J. Walker --

沃克夫人——

this should be common knowledge.

這些應該是常識。

Our vision is a "Pokémon Go" for a contextualized history.

我們的遠景，為情境化的歷史 做出「精靈寶可夢 GO」。

Augmented reality can also be used as a tool to support organizations

擴增實境也可以用來當作工具，

去支持那些對抗體制壓迫的組織。

that are fighting against systemic oppression.

In 2019 we will release our free smartphone app

2019 年，我們會推出 免費智慧手機應用程式，

with augmented reality monuments and content.

裡面有擴增實境紀念碑和內容。

You can take your smartphone and hold it over any one-dollar bill

你可以拿著智慧手機， 放在任何一元鈔票上，

and see a scene in augmented reality

就能看到擴增實境的場景，

that illustrates the injustice of cash bail.

說明現金保釋的不公平。

You can then click on the screen

接著，你可以按下螢幕，

and be directed to the donation page of The Bail Project,

連結到保釋計畫的捐獻網頁，

a fund that raises money for people who cannot afford bail.

這個計畫是在為無法 負擔保釋金的人募資。

With augmented reality,

有了擴增實境，

we the people have the power

我們人民就能有權力

to highlight the narratives of the oppressed

在制度拒絕突顯被壓迫者的故事時，

when institutions refuse to do so.

我們就能自己來。

We can use this tool to highlight the systemic implications

我們能用這種工具來突顯出體制

of erasing someone's history.

如何抹滅某些人的歷史。

And more concretely,

更具體來說，

we can use this technology as a way to support initiatives

我們能用這項技術來支持其他方案

that are fighting against systemic racism.

對抗體制中的種族主義。

With AR, we have the power to reimagine a world

有了擴增實境，我們就能夠 重新呈現出一個世界，

that prioritizes justice over oppression.

把正義放在壓迫之上。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause and cheers)

（掌聲及歡呼）