Kevin Kelly tells technology's epic story

譯者: Bentham Chang 審譯者: Wang-Ju Tsai

我想談談我的一些研究

I want to talk about my investigations

into what technology means in our lives --

有關科技對我們生活的意義

not just our immediate life, but in the cosmic sense,

不光是狹義上我們的生活，而是廣義上的宇宙觀

in the kind of long history of the world

我們世界觀裡的時間

and our place in the world.

跟世界觀裡的空間

What is this stuff?

這是什麼呢?

What is the significance?

對我們重要嗎?

And so, I want to kind of go through my little story

我想先用一些小故事

來談我所發現的

of what I found out.

One of the first things I started to investigate

一開始引起我研究興趣的

是 "科技" 這一名稱的來源

was the history of the name of technology.

In the United States, there is a State of the Union address

美國從1790年以後依照慣例

每位總統會對國會發表施政報告

given by every president since 1790.

每一次演說

And each one of those is kind of summing up the most important things

都會總結當時對美國

最重要的事情

for the United States at that time.

If you search for the word "technology," it was not used until 1952.

如果你去追溯 "科技" 這個詞

直到1952年才開始出現

So, technology was sort of absent from everybody's thinking until 1952,

照這麼看來1952年以前

還沒有人想到科技， 而我剛好是出生在那一年

which happened to be the year of my birth.

但很明顯的， 科技

And obviously, technology had existed before then,

早在那以前就存在了， 只是我們沒有察覺而已。

but we weren't aware of it.

And so it was sort of an awakening of this force in our life.

那時就像是當頭棒喝

突然發覺我們生活中的這股力量。

I actually did research to find out the first use of the word "technology."

我實際去研究了

是誰第一個使用了 "科技" 這個詞

It was in 1829,

那是在 1829 年的時候

and it was invented by a guy who was starting a curriculum --

一個傢伙在編教程的時候發明的

a course, bringing together all the kinds of arts and crafts, and industry --

這個課程是要把不同種類的

藝術、手工藝與工業搞在一起。

and he called it "Technology."

他把這叫做科技

And that's the very first use of the word.

那就是這個名詞的起源

So what is this stuff

那這個

that we're all consumed by and bothered by?

我們每天消費的

為它煩心的東西是什麼?

Alan Kay calls it, "Technology is anything that was invented

艾倫 凱 說 "凡是我們出生後

才發明的東西， 都是科技"

after you were born."

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

Which is sort of the idea we normally have about what technology is:

這就是我們對科技的刻板印象

it's all that new stuff.

就是那些“新玩意”

It's not roads, or penicillin,

不是馬路或盤尼西林

or factory tires; it's the new stuff.

或量產的輪胎 要“新”玩意才算。

My friend Danny Hillis says kind of a similar one,

我的朋友 丹尼 西里斯 提出一個類似的說法

他說 "科技就是還不能實用的."

he says, "Technology is anything that doesn't work yet."

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

Which is, again, a sense that it's all new.

對啊, 意思就是全新的

但是我們知道科技不全是是新的

But we know that it's just not new.

It actually goes way back,

我建議大家 從時間軸上往前推

and what I want to suggest is, it goes a long way back.

推到很早很早以前。

So, another way to think about technology, what it means,

另一個思考科技意義的辦法是

is to imagine a world without technology.

去想像沒有科技的世界。

假設我們把今日世界的科技一一去掉

If we were to eliminate every single bit of technology in the world today --

真的完全去除乾淨

and I mean everything, from blades to scrapers to cloth --

從刀片 掃把 到衣服

we, as a species, would not live very long.

我們這個物種將無法存活太久。

We would die by the billions, and very quickly:

幾十億的人口將會快速的死去

the wolves would get us, we would be defenseless,

狼會吃掉亳無保護的我們

we would be unable to grow enough food or find enough food.

我們將無法栽種或找到足夠的食物

Even the hunter-gatherers used some elementary tools.

獵人們至少也用了一些工具吧。

So, they had minimal technology,

所以他們有了最起碼的科技

but they had some technology.

但他們的科技不止如此

And if we study those hunter-gatherer tribes

如果我們研究形成部落的這些獵人

and the Neanderthal, which are very similar to early man,

像是最早發現的 尼安德塔人

we find out a very curious thing about this world without technology,

在無科技世界裡我們找到令人好奇的東西

and this is a kind of a curve of their average age.

這是他們平均壽命的曲線

There are no Neanderthal fossils that are older than 40 years old

在尼安德塔人的骨骸中

沒有超過40歲的

that we've ever found,

這些獵人部落的年齡大部份

and the average age of most of these hunter-gatherer tribes is 20 to 30.

是在 20 到 30 之間

There are very few young infants, because they die -- high mortality rate --

小嬰孩是很罕見的

因為嬰兒死亡率很高。老人也不多見

and there's very few old people.

所以總體來說會像是舊金山附近的人口結構

So the profile is sort of for your average San Francisco neighborhood:

a lot of young people.

一大堆年青人

And if you go there, you say, "Hey, everybody's really healthy."

如果你去那裡你會說 "哇, 每個人都很健康"

那是因為他們都很年青啊

Well, that's because they're all young.

同樣的在原始人類的獵人部落裡

Same thing with the hunter-gatherer tribes and early man:

人活不過 30 歲

you didn't live beyond the age of 30.

So it was a world without grandparents.

所以那是沒有祖父母的世界。

And grandparents are very important,

祖父母是很重要的

因為他們是文化演進與資訊的轉化器

because they are the transmitter of cultural evolution and information.

Imagine a world where basically everybody was 20 to 30 years old.

想像一下每個人都只有20到30歲的世界

How much learning can you do?

他們能學習到怎樣的程度?

You can't do very much learning in your own life,

你在自己的生命中真的學不到很多

it's so short,

因為那太短暫了

and there's nobody to pass on what you do learn.

而且你所學的又傳不下去。

So that's one aspect.

這只是一個觀點

It was a very short life.

不只人生苦短 同時

But at the same time, anthropologists know

人類學家們知道

that most hunter-gatherer tribes of the world,

在原始獵人聚集部落的世界

with that very little technology,

用的科技不多， 他們並沒有花

actually did not spend a very long time gathering the food they needed:

很長的時間蒐集維生的食物

three to six hours a day.

一天大概 3 到 6 小時。

Some anthropologists call that the original affluent society,

有些人類學家稱之為原初豐裕社會

因為他們那時候已經有了 "半天班"

because they had bankers' hours, basically.

So it was possible to get enough food.

而且在當時是有可能得到足夠食物的。

But when the scarcity came,

不過當食物短缺時

when the highs and lows and the droughts came,

像是多雨或乾旱來臨時

人們還是會餓死。

then people went into starvation.

And that's why they didn't live very long.

這就是為什麼他們活不長。

So what technology brought,

所以科技帶來的小工具

像這裡這些石器工具

through the very simple tools like these stone tools here --

even something as small as this --

即使是這麼小的一個

the early bands of humans were actually able to eliminate to extinction

就可以讓原始人類有能力可以

在進化上超越並消滅

about 250 megafauna animals in North America

一萬年前在北美洲的

大約250種的巨型動物群。

when they first arrived 10,000 years ago.

So, long before the industrial age,

所以遠早於工業時代

we've been affecting the planet on a global scale

我們已經對這個星球有了全面性的影響

with just a small amount of technology.

那只是用了一點小科技。

The other thing that the early man invented was fire.

另一個原始人的發明是 火。

火最早是用來清除草地

And fire was used to clear out, and again,

而這影響到草原生態與整個大陸

affected the ecology of grass and whole continents,

and was used in cooking.

火並且用來烹煮食物

It enabled us to actually eat all kinds of things.

有了火我們可以無所不吃

It was, in a certain sense, in a McLuhan sense,

這就好像 麥克魯漢 所謂的

“體外的胃”

an external stomach,

in the sense that it was cooking food that we could not eat otherwise.

意思是沒煮過的我們也消化不了

And if we didn't have fire, we actually could not live.

如果沒有火的話我們很難活下去

Our bodies have adapted to these new diets.

我們的身體早已調適到這些新的飲食

Our bodies have changed in the last 10,000 years.

過去一萬年以來我們的身體已經改變。

So, with that little bit of technology,

看, 這小小的一點科技

humans went from a small band of 10,000 or so --

讓人類從約一萬人左右的一小群

the same number as Neanderthals everywhere --

約略是各地的原始人總數

然後隨著語言的發明

and we suddenly exploded.

With the invention of language around 50,000 years ago,

大約五萬年以前

the number of humans exploded,

人口突然暴增

and very quickly became the dominant species on the planet.

很快的人類成為稱霸地球的生物

And they migrated into the rest of the world

其擴展版圖的速度是每年兩公里

at two kilometers per year

until, within several tens of thousands of years,

直到最近幾萬年

we occupied every single watershed on the planet

人已經漫佈到全球各地

and became the most dominant species,

成為獨霸的生物種類

with a very small amount of technology.

這都是拜小小的科技所賜

甚至在八千到一萬年前

And even at that time, with the introduction of agriculture,

農業才剛發明的時候

8,000, 10,000 years ago,

we started to see climate change.

氣候變遷開始出現了。

So climate change is not a new thing; what's new is just the degree of it.

氣候變遷並不是新東西

不一樣的只是程度上的差別。

Even during the agricultural age, there was climate change.

在農業時期就有氣候變遷了。

So already, small amounts of technology were transforming the world.

同樣極少量的科技

也轉化了整個世界。

And what this means, and where I'm going,

我想要表達的重點是

is that technology has become the most powerful force in the world.

科技己經變成世界上最強大的力量。

All the things we see today that are changing our lives,

我們今天看到的所有東西

只要能改變我們生活方式的

we can always trace back

to the introduction of some new technology.

都可以回溯到某些科技的發明。

So it's a force,

這就是力量 一種從這個地球上

that is the most powerful force that has been unleashed on this planet,

曾爆發的最強大力量。

and in such a degree,

我認為在某種程度上

that I think it's become who we are.

這是因為我們的本質 "人性"

In fact, our humanity and everything that we think about ourselves,

包括我們認為有關自己的一切

is something we've invented.

實際上是我們發明的。

So we've invented ourselves.

我們創造了我們自己! 所有我們餋養

Of all the animals that we've domesticated,

的動物裡最重要的

the most important animal has been us.

就是我們 對吧?

So humanity is our greatest invention,

因此人性是我們最偉大的發明

but of course, we're not done yet.

當然這件事還沒完呢

We're still inventing,

科技讓我們還持續的發明著

and this is what technology is allowing us to do;

這是不斷的重新創造我們自己

it's continually to reinvent ourselves.

It's a very, very strong force.

是一股巨大無比的力量。

I call this entire thing -- us humans as our technology,

我把這一整個事情 包括人與科技

everything that we've made, gadgets in our lives --

所有我們創造的 生活中的小東西

we call that the technium.

統稱為科技育成 (Technium)，也就是這世界。

That's this world.

我對科技的新定義是

My working definition of technology is:

任何人類所製造出的有用東西

anything useful that a human mind makes.

It's not just hammers and gadgets, like laptops.

不只是鐵鎚、筆電或酷炫的３Ｃ產品

還包括法律。 當然 "城市" 也讓

But it's also law.

And, of course, cities are ways to make things more useful to us.

很多東西變得有用。

While this is something that comes from our mind,

這些從我們的心念而來的

其根源卻同樣來自

it also has its roots deeply into the cosmos.

宇宙。

It goes back.

回到科技的最初起源

The origins and roots of technology go back to the Big Bang,

再回到大爆炸

in this way, in that they are part of this self-organizing thread

從這一路看 這些心念

是自我形成的次序

然後從大爆炸開始

that starts at the Big Bang and goes through galaxies and stars,

經過不同的星系與無數的星星

into life, into us.

來到我們的生命中。

And the three major phases of the early universe

在宇宙形成早期的三個主要階段

was energy, when the dominant force was energy;

一開始是能量 主導力量是 "能量"。

然後冷卻以後 主導力量變成 "物質"

then the dominant force, as it cooled, became matter;

再來 生命起源 在40億年前

and then, with the invention of life four billion years ago,

the dominant force in our neighborhood became information.

我們週遭的主導力量變成 "資訊"。

這就是生命。 它是資訊重組與

That's what life is:

an information process that was restructuring

建立新秩序的過程。

and making new order.

所以在愛因斯坦發現 質M 與 能E

So, energy and matter, Einstein showed were equivalent,

是相同的 而現在新的

and now new sciences of quantum computing show that entropy and information

量子計算機裡的不可控制能量(熵)

跟資訊 跟物質 跟能量

and matter and energy

are all interrelated.

所以這一長串的 都是互相關聯的。

So it's one long continuum.

You put energy into the right kind of system,

你把能量放入一個系統

and out comes wasted heat, entropy,

會產出無法控制隨機的熱(熵 entrory)

and extropy, which is order.

跟可以控制有用的部份(extropy)。

It's the increased order.

可掌控部份是有增加的。

Where does this order come from?

這部份是從何而來呢? 追根究底

Its roots go way back.

We actually don't know.

其實上我們不知道。

But we do know

但是我們很早就從宇宙得知

that the self-organization trend throughout the universe is long,

這自我組織的趨勢由來已久

and it began with things like galaxies;

從像星系這樣的東西開始

它們維持自己的秩序有數十億年之久

they maintained their order for billions of years.

Stars are basically nuclear fission machines

星球基本上就是原子能融合機器

that self-organize and self-sustain themselves for billions of years:

它可以自我組織支撐到數十億年。

order against the extropy of the world.

這種秩序可以對抗無用的浪費。

And flowers and plants are the same thing, extended,

而花草樹木也是同一件事的擴展

and technology is basically an extension of life.

科技基本上也是生命的延伸。

所以從這些東西上面我們發現一個趨勢：

One trend that we notice in all those things

is that the amount of energy per gram per second

每一公克 每秒鐘能流過

這裡的能量實際上是遞增的。

that flows through this

is actually increasing.

The amount of energy is increasing through this little sequence.

通過這個小小通道的能量是一直增加的。

And the amount of energy per gram per second that flows through life

而流過我們生命的能量以每克每秒算來

is actually greater than a star --

是比一顆星星還多的

because of the star's long lifespan,

因為星星的壽命很長使得

the energy density in life is actually higher than a star.

我們生命的能量密度高於星星。

And the energy density that we see in the greatest amount

而我們所能見到能量密度最高的

anywhere in the universe

實際上是在個人電腦裡的晶片。

is actually in a PC chip.

There is more energy flowing through, per gram per second,

它有非常高的能量流過

than anything that we have any other experience with.

超越一切我們所能見識到的。

And so, what I would suggest

所以我建議你如果你想看到

is that if you want to see where technology is going,

科技的未來何去何從

we continue that trajectory,

and we say, "Well, it's going to become more energy-dense,

往更高的能量密度走這是很篤定的

that's where it's going."

這是未來的趨勢。 我所做的是

And so what I've done is, I've taken the same kinds of things

我把這些同類的東西

用不同的觀點去看

and looked at other aspects of evolutionary life and say,

進化性生命的大致走向。

"What are the general trends in evolutionary life?"

進化性生命的

And there are things moving towards greater complexity,

大致趨勢是往

更複雜 更多元化

moving towards greater diversity, moving towards greater specialization,

更專業化 具洞察力

sentience, ubiquity, and most important, evolvability.

無所不及 與最重要的 適者生存律。

Those very same things are also present in technology.

這些生物上的特性也可以在科技中發現。

That's where technology is going.

這也是科技的走向。

In fact, technology is accelerating all the aspects of life.

事實上科技是在加速

生命中的各個面向。

And we can see that happening;

這些例子比比皆是。 正如生命的多樣性

just as there's diversity in life, there's more diversity in things we make.

我們製造出來的東西越來越多樣化了。

Things in life start off being general cells,

生命是由通用細胞開始

and they become specialized:

再形成特殊化的組織細胞

you have tissue cells, muscle, brain cells.

然後有了肌肉跟腦細胞。 同樣的事也發生在科技。

The same thing happens with, say, a hammer,

鐵鎚一開始也是通用的

which is general at first and becomes more specific.

然後變得更精緻。

So I would like to say that while there are six kingdoms of life,

所以我想說在生物分類學的六界裡

we can think of technology basically as a seventh kingdom of life.

我們可以加入科技

變成生命的第七界。

It's a branching off from the human form.

是從人類分出來的一支

But technology has its own agenda, like anything, like life itself.

但是科技有它自己的要面對的問題

就像其他的東西一樣。

For instance, right now, three-quarters of the energy that we use

比如說現在我們有四分之三的能源是用在

is actually used to feed the technium itself.

支撐科技本身。

In transportation, it's not to move us;

在運輸裡， 運送的不是我們

it's to move the stuff we make or buy.

而是我們製造跟買的東西。

I use the word "want." Technology wants.

我用"想要"這一詞。 科技也會想要!

This is a robot that wants to plug itself in to get more power.

這是一個機器人想自己插電。

Your cat wants more food.

你的貓也會想要更多的食物。

連沒有意識的細菌細胞

A bacterium, which has no consciousness at all,

wants to move towards light.

也"想要"移向有亮光的地方

It has an urge, and technology has an urge.

他們有一股主見。 科技也是。

At the same time, it wants to give us things,

在另一方面它也想給我們物質上的滿足

and what it gives us is basically progress.

基本上我們也得到進步。

You can take all kinds of curves, and they're all pointing up.

讓我們來看看各種的曲線

如果我們扣除成本

There's really no dispute about progress,

if we discount the cost of that.

關於進步是毫無疑問的。

And that's the thing that bothers most people,

困擾我們大多數人的是

is that progress is really real, but we wonder and question:

到底這些進步是不是真的

我們懷疑所付出的環境代價為何?

What are the environmental costs of it?

I did a survey of the number of species of artifacts in my house,

我查了一下我家裡所有家當的種類

and there's 6,000.

總共有六千種 有些人有到一萬種

Other people have come up with 10,000.

When King Henry of England died,

英國的享利國王去世的時候

he had 18,000 things in his house,

他家裡有一萬八千多件東西

but that was the entire wealth of England, so ...

但那是當時整個英國的財富。

(Laughter)

不過即使擁有了全英國的財富

And with that entire wealth of England,

King Henry could not buy any antibiotics,

享利國王買不到抗生素

he could not buy refrigeration,

也買不到電冰箱 他也沒法參加能遊千里的團。

he could not buy a trip of a thousand miles,

而這位印度的手拉車伕

whereas this rickshaw wallah in India could save up and buy antibiotics

他卻可以買到抗生素

and he could buy refrigeration.

家裡也有冰箱。

He could buy things that King Henry, in all his wealth, could never buy.

他可以買到用享利國王財富買不到的東西。

That's what progress is about.

這就是進步。

So, technology is selfish; technology is generous.

科技是自私的 科技也是慷慨的

That conflict, that tension, will be with us forever:

這個衝突會永遠跟著我們

sometimes it wants to do what it wants to do,

有時它會為所欲為

有時它會為我們服務。

and sometimes it's going to do things for us.

對新科技應有的看法我們還不很明白。

We have confusion about what we should think

about a new technology.

Right now the default position when a new technology comes along,

當一個新科技來臨時

目前我們的預設立場與原則

is people talk about the precautionary principle,

是要特別的小心謹慎。

which is very common in Europe,

在歐洲這很常見。

which says, basically, "Don't do anything.

基本上遇上新科技時 "什麼也別做"

When you meet a new technology, stop,

停下來

until it can be proven that it does no harm."

直到可以證明它是無害的。

我想這真的會阻礙進步。

I think that really leads nowhere.

But a better way is what I call the proactionary principle,

或許有一個更好的辦法

叫“積極行動原則”， 就是你主動參與發展

which is, you engage with technology.

You try it out.

你去試用看看。

You obviously do what the precautionary principle suggests,

在參與的過程中用小心謹慎的原則

you try to anticipate it,

和保守態度去預測可能的結果

but after anticipating it,

不時的去評估

you constantly asses it,

not just once, but eternally.

再三的檢視

And when it diverts from what you want,

當你對它出現異狀的時候

we prioritize risk, we evaluate not just the new stuff,

我們再加重風險的比重

並把舊的東西也加入一起評估。

but the old stuff.

We fix it; but most importantly,

我們去修正它 而最重要的是

we relocate it.

And what I mean by that is,

"再定位"的概念。我的意思是說

we find a new job for it.

去找到一個新的用途。

Nuclear energy, fission, is a really bad idea for bombs.

例如核能

用來做原子彈真是個壞主意

But it may be a pretty good idea relocated into sustainable nuclear energy

不過"重新定位"可能就變好了

轉去做自轉式核能動力

for electricity, instead of burning coal.

可以取代燒煤 成為新電力。

When we have a bad idea,

當壞點子出現的時候 我們的反應

the response to a bad idea

is not no ideas, it's not to stop thinking.

最好不要 不知所措 或是 停止思考。

The response to a bad idea --

反擊壞點子最好是

像對這個鎢絲燈泡

like, say, a tungsten lightbulb --

is a better idea.

是找到更好的點子, 對吧?

So, better ideas is really always the response

對我們不喜歡的科技

to technology we don't like;

想辦法去把它變好

it's basically better technology.

變成更好的科技。

And actually, in a certain sense, technology is a kind of a method

實際上從某個角度看 科技

是一種產生更好點子的方法

for generating better ideas,

if you can think about it that way.

如果你能這麼想的話

So, maybe spraying DDT on crops is a really bad idea.

你看 用飛機噴DDT殺蟲劑真是瘋了

But DDT sprayed on local homes --

但在住家附近噴

there's nothing better to eliminate malaria,

消滅瘧疾沒有比這更有效的辦法了

besides insect DDT-impregnated mosquito nets.

因為DDT殺蟲劑可以抑制蚊子繁殖

But that's a really good idea; that's a good job for technology.

這就讓科技適得其所。

So our job as humans is to parent our mind children,

因此身為人類的天職

就是去孕育新的概念

to find them good friends,

是為這些主意找到好朋友

to find them a good job.

以及好的用途。

And so, every technology is sort of a creative force

這麽一來 每種科技都是一股創新的力量

looking for the right job.

都在找適合的用途。

That's actually my son, right here.

這張相片裡頭 是我的兒子

(Laughter)

是真的! (笑聲)

There are no bad technologies,

沒有所謂的壞科技

just as there are no bad children.

就像沒有所謂的壞小孩一樣。

We don't say children are neutral; children are positive.

小孩無所謂好或壞

We just have to find them the right place.

最重要的是幫他們找到適合的地方。

And so, what technology gives us over the long term --

所以科技為我們帶來的

從盤古開天起

over this sort of extended evolution from the beginning of time,

經歷巨大的演進

through the invention of the plants and animals,

到動物植物的創造

and the evolution of life, the evolution of brains --

到生命的進化 腦的進化

what that is constantly giving us is increasing differences:

科技持續地為我們帶來的

是越來越多的不同和變化。

It's increasing diversity, it's increasing options,

越來越多樣化 越來越多的選項

越來越多的選擇 機會

it's increasing choices, opportunities, possibilities and freedoms.

可能性與自由。

這是科技一直帶給我們的。

That's what we get from technology all the time.

That's why people leave villages and go into cities --

這也是人們為何離開小村落

進入城市的理由。 因為人們總是

because they are always gravitating towards increased choices

往有選擇、 有不同可能性的地方走。

and possibilities.

And we are aware of the price;

這背後必須付出代價

we pay a price for that, but we're aware of it,

我們也清楚地知道我們付出了什麼代價

and generally, we will pay the price for increased freedoms,

我們願意為自由而付

為選擇 為機會而付出。

choices and opportunities.

Even technology wants clean water.

即使科技也想要乾淨的水。

Is technology diametrically opposed to nature?

問題是科技是否完全地違反

自然呢?

Because technology is an extension of life,

因為科技是生命的延伸

it's in parallel and aligned with the same things

它與生命想要的

是並行不悖的。

that life wants.

So that I think technology loves biology,

所以我認為科技愛生物學

if we allow it to.

如果我們允許它的話。

Great movement starting billions of years ago

數十億年前就開始的偉大變動

is moving through us and it continues to go,

正在通過我們 而且繼續向前。

and our choice, so to speak, in technology,

我們對科技的選擇

真的讓我們能搭上

is really to align ourselves with this force

這股遠比我們更偉大的力量

much greater than ourselves.

So, technology is more than just the stuff in your pocket;

所以科技不只是你口袋裡的小玩具

it's more than just gadgets,

不只是酷炫的新玩意 也不只是人類的發明而已

it's more than just things that people invent.

它實際上是源遠流長故事裡的一個部份

It's actually part of a very long story -- a great story --

一個始於數十億年前的偉大故事

that began billions of years ago.

It's moving through us, this self-organization,

這故事正通過我們

我們正在擴張跟加速這有秩序的自我組織。

and we're extending and accelerating it,

我們可以透過調整科技來成為其中的一部份

and we can be part of it by aligning the technology that we make with it.

我們創造並參與於其中。

And I really appreciate your attention today.

非常感謝大家今天的用心, 謝謝大家

Thank you.

(Applause)

(掌聲)