Dean Kamen: The emotion behind invention

66,382 views ・ 2010-04-06

TED


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翻译人员: Hua Liu 校对人员: yinnan Hu
00:15
It's not about technology,
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我要讲的不是技术,
00:17
it's about people and stories.
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而是人和他们的故事。
00:19
I could show you
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最近电视上,
00:21
what recently was on television
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播出了一段60分钟的
00:23
as a high quality video:
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高清视频。
00:25
60 Minutes, many of you may have seen it.
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我想很多人都看过了。
00:28
And it was the now director of the entire piece
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它拍摄的是
00:31
of the veteran's administration --
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现在美国退伍军人管理局的局长。
00:34
who, himself, had lost an arm 39 years ago
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他39年前在越南
00:37
in Vietnam --
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失去了一只手臂,
00:40
who was adamantly opposed to these crazy devices
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他坚定地认为那些奇怪的机械义肢
00:42
that don't work.
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是不会有用的。
00:45
And it turns out that with 60 Minutes cameras rolling in the background,
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在这段60分钟的拍摄开始前,
00:48
after he pretty much made his position clear on this --
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他明确地表示,
00:51
he had his hook and he had his --
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他已经有了带钩子的木棍做手臂的代替品。
00:54
he wore this arm for less than two hours
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而他用了这个新义肢还不到两个小时
00:57
and was able to pour himself a drink and got quite emotional over the fact
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就可以给自己倒饮料了,这让他激动不已。
01:00
that, quote -- his quote --
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他是这么说的:
01:03
it's the first time he's felt like he's had an arm in 39 years.
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这是他39年以来第一次感到自己的手臂又回来了。
01:07
But that would sort of be jumping to the middle of the story,
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这其实并不是故事的开头,
01:10
and I'm not going to show you that polished video.
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我也不准备给你们看这段精致的视频。
01:12
I'm going to, instead, in a minute or two,
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我下面要给你们看的,
01:14
show you an early, crude video
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是一段没有剪辑过的早期视频。
01:17
because I think it's
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因为我觉得
01:19
a better way to tell a story.
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这样你们可以更了解这个故事。
01:23
A few years ago I was visited by
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几年前,
01:25
the guy that runs DARPA,
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国防部高级研究计划局的人来找我。
01:27
the people that fund all the advanced technologies
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这些人专门资助开发那些商业界和大学
01:30
that businesses and universities probably wouldn't take the risk of doing.
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不肯冒险去做的先进技术。
01:37
They have a particular interest in ones that will help our soldiers.
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而他们现在对那些可以帮助士兵们的人很感兴趣。
01:41
I get this sort of unrequested -- by me anyway -- visit,
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总之,我接到了这个意料外的拜访。
01:46
and sitting in my conference room is a very senior surgeon
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当时坐在我的会议室里的,
01:49
from the military
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是一位资深的军医
01:51
and the guy that runs DARPA.
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和国防部研究计划局的负责人。
01:55
They proceed to tell me a story which comes down
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他们告诉我一个故事,大意是
01:58
to basically the following. We have used such advanced technologies
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我们使用的医疗技术已经十分先进,
02:01
now and made them available
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即使在像阿富汗或是伊拉克的山区
02:04
in the most remote places that we put soldiers:
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这样最偏远的驻军处,士兵们也能
02:07
hills of Afghanistan, Iraq ...
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受益于这些技术。
02:11
They were quite proud of the fact that
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他们骄傲的说,
02:13
you know, before the dust clears,
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如果有士兵们受伤了,
02:16
if some soldier has been hurt
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在尘硝未尽时
02:18
they will have collected him or her, they will have brought him back,
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这些伤员就会被找到并带回来,
02:21
they will be getting world-class triage emergency care
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并得到顶级的急救护理。
02:24
faster than you and I would be getting it if we were hurt
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比我们在美国的一个大城市里遭车祸受伤后
02:28
in a car accident in a major city in the United States.
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得到的急救更加快。
02:32
That's the good news.
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这些是好的方面。
02:34
The bad news is if they've collected this person
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而坏消息是,如果他们带回来的人
02:37
and he or she is missing an arm or leg,
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失去了一只手臂,一条腿
02:40
part of the face, it's probably not coming back.
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或是一部分的脸,那他面临基本就是终生残疾。
02:44
So, they started giving me the statistics on how many of these kids had lost an arm.
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接着他们给我看了那些失去手臂的战士们的人数统计。
02:48
And then the surgeon pointed out, with a lot of anger,
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然后那位军医愤怒的说:
02:51
he said, "Why is it? At the end of the Civil War,
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“在用步枪打仗的内战末期,
02:55
they were shooting each other with muskets. If somebody lost an arm,
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如果有人失去了一只手臂,
02:57
we gave them a wooden stick with a hook on it.
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我们给他一只带钩子的木棍做代替。
03:02
Now we've got F18s and F22s,
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现在,我们有了黄蜂和猛禽战机,
03:05
and if somebody loses an arm,
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但是如果有人失去了一只手臂,
03:07
we give them a plastic stick with a hook on it."
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为什么我们能给他的还只是一只带钩子的塑料棍?”
03:10
And they basically said, "This is unacceptable,"
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他们认为这根本说不过去。
03:14
and then the punchline: "So, Dean,
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“所以,迪恩
03:16
we're here because you make medical stuff.
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我们来这
03:18
You're going to give us an arm."
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是想让你为我们做一只手臂。”
03:21
And I was waiting for the 500 pages of bureaucracy,
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我正等着他们给我看那可能长达500页的
03:24
paperwork and DODs.
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来自官方机构的、国防部的文件。
03:27
No, the guy says,
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不,他说
03:30
"We're going to bring a guy into this conference room,
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“我们会带一个人来这,
03:34
and wearing the arm you're going to give us,
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给他装上你做的义肢,
03:37
he or she is going to pick up a raisin or a grape
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然后他或她可以从桌上
03:39
off this table.
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拿起一粒葡萄干或是葡萄。
03:41
If it's the grape, they won't break it."
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如果拿的是葡萄,他们不会把它捏碎。“
03:44
Great he needs efferent, afferent, haptic response sensors.
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好吧,那他需要传出,传入和触觉的反应传感器。
03:47
"If it's the raisin, they won't drop it."
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”如果拿的是葡萄干,他会拿得很稳,不会弄掉。“
03:50
So he wants fine motor control: flex at the wrist,
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那么,还需要良好的电机控制来保证腕关节的弯曲
03:55
flex at the elbow, abduct and flex at the shoulder.
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肘部的弯曲,及肩膀的伸展和弯曲。
03:59
Either way they were going to eat it.
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无论拿的是什么,他们都会把它吃下去。
04:01
"Oh, by the way Dean. It's going to fit on a 50th percentile female frame --
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”哦,对了,迪恩,这义肢应该适合百分之五十女性的身体结构,
04:05
namely 32 inches from the long finger --
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也就是说它到中指有32英寸长,
04:08
and weigh less than nine pounds."
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而且轻于9磅。
04:11
50th percentile female frame.
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(要适合)百分之五十的女性。
04:14
"And it's going to be completely self contained including all its power."
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这个手臂应该是完全自足的,包括电源在内。“
04:18
So, they finished that. And I, as you can tell,
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他们终于说完了。
04:20
am a bashful guy.
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我很明显是个胆小的人。
04:22
I told them they're nuts.
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我告诉他们他们疯了。
04:24
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
04:26
They've been watching too much "Terminator."
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他们终结者看多了。
04:28
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
04:30
Then, the surgeon says to me,
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然后,那个军医说:
04:33
"Dean, you need to know
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”迪恩,你应该知道,
04:36
more than two dozen of these kids have come back
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超过24个孩子回来时
04:39
bilateral."
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已经失去双臂“
04:41
Now, I cannot imagine --
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我无法想象,
04:43
I'm sorry, you may have a better
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也许你们的想象力
04:47
imagination than I do --
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比我丰富,
04:49
I can't imagine losing my arm,
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但是我实在不能想象自己在22岁这个年纪,
04:52
and typically at 22 years old.
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失去一只手臂会是怎样的情况。
04:55
But compared to that, losing two?
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但是这和两只手臂都没有了比起来
04:58
Seems like that would be an inconvenience.
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却显得方便多了。
05:02
Anyway, I went home that night. I thought about it.
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就这样,那天晚上回到家,我开始考虑这事。
05:05
I literally could not sleep
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我怎么也睡不着,
05:07
thinking about, "I wonder how you'd roll over
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满脑子想着一个人要是没有肩膀
05:09
with no shoulders."
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要怎么翻身。
05:13
So, I decided we've got to do this.
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所以,我决定我要做这个义肢。
05:16
And trust me, I've got a day job, I've got a lot of day jobs.
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然而,我白天的工作很多,真的很多。
05:18
Most of my day job keeps me busy
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我大部分的工作时间用在了
05:21
funding my fantasies like FIRST and water and power ....
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为我的诸如弗斯特(迪恩 卡门创立的科学技术项目)和水抑或电力之类的梦想提供资金
05:23
And I've got a lot of day jobs.
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所以光是白天的工作都已经很多了。
05:26
But I figured I gotta do this.
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但是我认为,”我一定要做这件事。“
05:30
Did a little investigation,
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我做了一点调查。
05:32
went down to Washington, told them
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我去了华盛顿,告诉他们
05:35
I still think they're nuts but we're going to do it.
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我还是觉得他们疯了,但是我决定要做下去。
05:40
And I told them I'd build them an arm.
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我说我会给他们做一只义肢。
05:42
I told them it would probably take five years to get through the FDA,
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我说这个义肢大概5年才能通过食品药品管理局的审核,
05:45
and probably 10 years to be reasonably functional.
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大概10年才能正常运作。
05:48
Look what it takes to make things like iPods.
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就像当初苹果刚推出Ipod时一样。
05:52
"Great," he said, "You got two years."
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”好,“他说,”你只有两年时间。“
05:55
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
05:56
I said, "I'll tell you what. I'll build you an arm
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我说,”这样说吧,在一年内我会做出一只义肢。
05:58
that's under nine pounds
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它会少于9磅
06:00
that has all that capability in one year.
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并且具备所有那些功能。
06:02
It will take the other nine to make it functional and useful."
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但我需要9年使它能够正常的工作。“
06:06
We sort of agreed to disagree.
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我们各自保留不同意见。
06:08
I went back and I started putting a team together,
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回去后,我开始召集我能找到的
06:10
the best guys I could find with a passion to do this.
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最优秀的并且热衷于此的人,组成工作团队。
06:13
At the end of exactly one year
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整整一年后,
06:16
we had a device with 14 degrees of freedom,
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我们做出了具备14个自由度的义肢。
06:18
all the sensors, all the microprocessors,
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所有的传感器,所有的微处理器,
06:21
all the stuff inside.
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所有的东西都包括在里面了。
06:23
I could show you it with a cosmesis on it
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如果在上面做些修饰,你会发现它几可乱真,
06:25
that's so real it's eerie, but then you wouldn't see
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但那样
06:27
all this cool stuff.
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你就看不到它里面有趣的部分了。
06:30
I then thought it would be years
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然后,我想接下来可能还需要好多年
06:32
before we'd be able to make it really, really useful.
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才能让它变得真正实用。
06:37
It turned out, as I think you could see
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但实际上,你们可以
06:39
in Aimee's capabilities and attitudes,
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从艾米的表现和态度中看出,
06:43
people with a desire to do something
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那些强烈想要做成某事的人
06:46
are quite remarkable and nature is quite adaptable.
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是多么的了不起,他们的适应性是多么的强。
06:50
Anyway, with less than 10 hours of use,
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就这样,两个试用者装上了义肢不过10小时,
06:54
two guys -- one that's bilateral.
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其中一个两只手臂都没了,
06:58
He's literally, he's got no shoulder on one side,
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一边的肩膀完全没了,
07:01
and he's high trans-humeral on the other.
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另一边肩膀也只剩下一小节。
07:03
And that's Chuck and Randy together,
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他们,查克和兰迪,
07:08
after 10 hours -- were playing in our office.
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在我们的办公室待了10个多小时。
07:11
And we took some pretty cruddy home movies.
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而我们为他们拍了一些简单但不错的录影。
07:15
At the end of the one I'm going to show, it's only about a minute
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等一下结束前我会放映一段只有一分钟左右的
07:17
and a couple of seconds long,
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和几段几秒钟的录影。
07:22
Chuck does something that to this day I'm jealous of,
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查克做了一件到现在我还在嫉妒的事。
07:25
I can't do it.
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因为我自己根本做不到。
07:27
He picks up a spoon, picks it up,
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他拿起一根勺子,
07:29
scoops out some Shredded Wheat and milk,
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舀了一勺小麦片和牛奶,
07:33
holds the spoon level
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拿稳勺子,
07:35
as he translates it, moving all these joints simultaneously,
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同时运用所有的关节把勺子放进嘴里,
07:38
to his mouth, and he doesn't drop any milk.
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而且没有泼出一点牛奶。
07:41
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:42
I cannot do that.
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我可做不到啊。
07:44
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:46
His wife was standing behind me.
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他的妻子站在我后面。
07:48
She's standing behind me at the time
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她当时正站在我后面。
07:50
and she says, "Dean,
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她说,”迪恩,
07:53
Chuck hasn't fed himself in 19 years.
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查克已经19年没有自己喂自己吃过东西了。
07:57
So, you've got a choice:
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所以,你现在有个选择:
07:59
We keep the arm, or you keep Chuck."
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要不让我们把这个手臂带回去,要不你把查克带回去。“
08:01
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(笑声)
08:04
So, can we see that?
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现在,我们来看录影
08:14
This is Chuck showing simultaneous control
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这是查克
08:16
of all the joints.
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在同时运用所有的关节。
08:18
He's punching our controls guy. The guy behind him
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他在用拳打我们的控制人员。
08:20
is our engineer/surgeon,
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在他后面的是我们的工程师兼外科医生,
08:22
which is a convenient guy to have around.
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有他在总是很方便。
08:26
There's Randy, these guys are passing a rubber
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这是兰迪,他们在传递
08:29
little puck between them.
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一个小橡皮球。
08:32
And just as in the spirit of FIRST,
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而且,基于弗斯特的优雅而专业精神
08:35
gracious professionalism, they are quite proud of this,
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他们为此很是自豪
08:37
so they decide to share a drink.
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于是他们准备分享一瓶饮料。
08:40
This is a non-trivial thing to do, by the way.
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这不是一件简单的事。
08:43
Imagine doing that with a wooden stick and a hook on the end of it,
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想象要是用一根一头带钩子的木棍该怎么倒饮料,
08:46
doing either of those.
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或是接饮料。
08:48
Now Chuck is doing something quite extraordinary,
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现在查克正在做一件不寻常的事,
08:51
at least for my limited physical skill.
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至少对于我来说。
08:56
And now he's going to do what DARPA asked me for.
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现在,他要做国防部研究局让我完成的事。
08:59
He's going to pick up a grape -- he didn't drop it,
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他拿起了一粒葡萄,没有弄掉
09:01
he didn't break it --
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也没有弄碎。
09:04
and he's going to eat it.
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他把它吃了下去。
09:07
So, that's where we were
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好了,这就是15个月后
09:09
at the end of about 15 months.
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我们的成果。
09:11
(Applause)
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(掌声)
09:23
But, as I've learned from Richard,
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但是,我从理查德那学到,
09:26
the technology, the processors, the sensors, the motors,
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技术,处理器,传感器,电动机,
09:31
is not the story.
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并不重要。
09:35
I hadn't dealt with this kind of problem
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我没有关心这些方面的问题,
09:38
or frankly, this whole segment
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或者说,这整个与医学相关的
09:41
of the medical world.
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部分我都没有关心。
09:43
I'll give you some astounding things that have happened
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我要讲一些在我们开始做义肢时发生的
09:46
as we started this.
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惊人的事。
09:49
After we were pretty much convinced we had a good design,
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在我们确信我们设计得很好了后,
09:53
and we'd have to make all the standard engineering trade-offs you always make --
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我们还需要做所有工程师都做的取舍。
09:56
you can always get three out of four of anything you want;
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通常你可以从四样想要的东西中选出三样来,
09:59
the weight, the size, the cost, the functionality --
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比如在重量,大小,花费,功能里进行挑选。
10:02
I put a bunch of guys in my plane
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我把一帮人带上了飞机,
10:04
and I said, "We're flying down to Walter Reed, and we're going talk to these kids,
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我告诉他们我们现在要去沃尔特里德医院,去和那些孩子们聊天。
10:07
because frankly it doesn't matter whether we like this arm.
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因为实际上无论我们喜不喜欢这个手臂都不要紧。
10:09
It doesn't matter whether the
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国防部喜不喜欢这个手臂
10:11
Department of Defense likes this arm."
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也不要紧。
10:13
When I told them that they weren't entirely enthusiastic,
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在我说的时候,他们并不感兴趣。
10:16
but I told them, "It really doesn't matter what their opinion is.
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但是我说,他们的观点如何一点也不重要。
10:19
There is only one opinion that matters,
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重点只有一个,
10:21
the kids that are either going to use it or not."
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那些孩子们会不会用这个手臂。
10:25
I told a bunch of my engineers, "Look we're going to walk into Walter Reed,
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我告诉我的工程师们,”我们要去沃尔特里德医院,
10:28
and you're going to see people, lots of them,
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在那里,你们会看到很多
10:32
missing major body parts.
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失去了身体重要部分的人。
10:34
They're probably going to be angry, depressed, frustrated.
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这些人可能是愤怒的,消沉的,沮丧的。
10:39
We're probably going to have to give them support, encouragement.
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所以我们需要给他们支持和鼓励,
10:42
But we've got to extract from them
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但我们要从他们那儿获取足够的信息
10:45
enough information to make sure we're doing the right thing."
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以保证我们现在所做的事情是正确的。
10:50
We walked into Walter Reed and I could not have been more wrong.
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当我们走进沃尔特里德医院时,我发现自己大错特错了。
10:55
We did see a bunch of people,
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我们的确见到了很多人。
10:57
a lot of them missing a lot of body parts,
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其中有很多人失去了身体的众多部件,
11:01
and parts they had left were burned;
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而剩下的部分还被烧伤了,
11:03
half a face gone, an ear burned off.
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有的半张脸没有了,或是一只耳朵烧掉了。
11:10
They were sitting at a table. They were brought together for us.
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他们被带来这里,坐在一张桌子旁与我们聊天。
11:12
And we started asking them all questions.
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我们问了他们很多我们想知道的事。
11:14
"Look," I'd say to them, "We're not quite as good as nature yet.
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“看,”我告诉他们,“我们还没有像造物主那么厉害。
11:17
I could give you fine motor control,
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我可以给你们良好的运动控制系统,
11:20
or I could let you curl 40 pounds;
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或者我可以让你们举起40磅,
11:22
I probably can't do both.
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但是我恐怕不能同时完成这两项。
11:24
I can give you fast control
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我可以给你们带低损耗率传动装置的
11:26
with low reduction ratios in these gears,
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快速控制系统,
11:28
or I can give you power;
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或者我可以给你们力量,
11:30
I can't give you both.
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但我不能同时完成这两项。
11:32
And we were trying to get them to all help us
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我们尝试着让他们告诉我们
11:35
know what to give them.
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他们到底需要什么。
11:38
Not only were they enthusiastic, they kept thinking
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他们不但很感兴趣,而且不断地考虑
11:40
they're there to help us.
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怎样才能帮到我们。
11:42
"Well, would it help if I ..."
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”这样能起到帮助吗...."
11:44
"Guys, and woman,
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大家听我说,
11:47
you've given enough.
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你们给予的够多了。
11:49
We're here to help you. We need data. We need to know
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我们来这是为了帮助你们。我们需要数据,我们需要知道
11:51
what you need."
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你们想要什么。
11:54
After a half an hour, maybe, there was one guy at the far end of the table
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半个小时左右后,有一个坐在桌子远端的人
11:57
who wasn't saying much.
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没有说上什么。
11:59
You could see he was missing an arm.
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他失去了一只手臂。
12:01
He was leaning on his other arm.
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而他正用另一只手撑着脑袋
12:04
I called down to the end, "Hey, you haven't said much.
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我叫他说,“嘿,你还没有说什么呢,
12:06
If we needed this or this, what would you want?"
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如果是这个或这个,你想要哪一个?”
12:09
And he said, "You know,
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然后他说,“你知道吗,
12:13
I'm the lucky guy at this table.
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我是这个桌子上的幸运儿。
12:15
I lost my right arm,
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我失去了我的右臂,
12:17
but I'm a lefty."
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但是我是个左撇子。”
12:19
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
12:20
So, he wouldn't say much.
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所以,他没有怎么说话。
12:22
He had a great spirit, like all the rest of them had great spirits.
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他有伟大的精神,他们都有。
12:26
And he made a few comments.
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然后他做了一番评论。
12:28
And then the meeting ended. We said goodbye to all these guys.
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聚会结束后,我们向所有的人道别,
12:31
And that guy pushed himself back from the table ...
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然后那人把自己从桌子边推出,
12:34
he has no legs.
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他没有腿。
12:40
So, we left.
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然后,我们离开了。
12:43
And I was thinking,
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我想
12:46
"We didn't give them support and encouragement;
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我们没有给他们支持和鼓励,
12:49
they gave it to us.
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是他们给了我们这些。
12:52
They're not finished giving yet."
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而他们还一直再给。
12:55
It was astounding.
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这是令人震惊的。
12:58
So, we went back.
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就这样,我们回去了。
13:00
And I started working harder, faster.
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我开始更努力地、更快地工作。
13:06
Then we went out to Brooke Army Medical Center.
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然后我们去了布鲁克陆军医学中心。
13:10
And we saw lots of these kids, lots of them.
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接着我们看到了很多这样的孩子,很多很多。
13:14
And it was astounding
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以及他们那令人震惊的
13:16
how positive they are.
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乐观的生活态度。
13:20
So, we went back,
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然后,我们又回去了。
13:23
and we've been working harder yet.
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回去后更是倍加努力地工作。
13:25
We're in clinical trials,
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我们开始了临床实验,
13:27
we've got five of them on people.
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安装了5个义肢在人身上。
13:29
We're screaming along.
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我们在独自挣扎。
13:31
And I get a call and we go back
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然后我接到了一个电话,我们又去了
13:34
to Washington.
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华盛顿。
13:37
We go back to Walter Reed,
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我们再次去了沃尔特里德医院。
13:39
and a kid, literally,
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那里有个孩子,
13:42
20 some-odd days before that
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正值20岁的大好年华,
13:45
was blown up.
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不幸遭遇了一场爆炸。
13:49
And they shipped him to Germany
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他先是被送去了德国
13:51
and 24 hours later they shipped him from Germany
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24小时后他们把他从德国
13:54
to Walter Reed.
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运到了沃尔特里德医院。
13:58
And he was there,
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然后他就在那了。
14:00
and they said we needed to come.
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他们说我们一定得来。
14:02
And I went down
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于是我去了。
14:04
and they rolled him into a room.
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他们把他推到一个房间里。
14:08
He's got no legs.
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他已经失去了双腿。
14:10
He's got no arms.
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也失去了双臂。
14:12
He's got a small residual limb on one side.
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他只在身体一边还剩下一小部分肢体,
14:15
Half of his face is gone,
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他的半张脸已经没有了,
14:18
but they said his vision is coming back.
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但他们说他的视力回复了。
14:21
He had one good eye.
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他有一只好的眼睛。
14:24
His name is Brandon Marrocco.
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他叫布兰登 摩洛克。
14:27
And he said,
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然后他说,
14:30
"I need your arms,
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“我需要你发明的手臂,
14:32
but I need two of them."
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但我需要两个。”
14:35
"You'll get them."
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你会得到他们的。
14:37
This kid was from Staten Island.
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这个孩子来自斯塔藤岛(位于美国纽约)。
14:40
And he said, "I had a truck,
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接着他说,“我有一辆卡车,
14:42
before I went over there,
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在我去那边之前,
14:44
and it had a stick.
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它有一个棍子。
14:47
You think I'll be able to drive it?"
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你觉得我还能再开它么?”
14:49
"Sure."
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当然。
14:51
And I turned around and went, "How are we going to do this?"
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然后我转身思考,“这下该怎么办啊?”
14:53
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
14:54
Anyway, he was just like all the rest of them.
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不管怎样,他就像剩下的所有人一样。
14:58
He doesn't really want a lot.
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他真的不需要很多。
15:00
He wants to help. He told me that
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他告诉我,他想帮忙。
15:02
he wanted to go back
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他想回去
15:04
to help his buddies.
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去帮助他的同伴。
15:09
So, I was on my way out here.
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所以,我来到了这里。
15:12
I was asked to stop at Texas.
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我被邀请去了德克萨斯州。
15:16
There were 3,500 people,
310
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在退役士兵管理局,
15:18
the Veteran's Administration,
311
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有3500个人。
15:20
U.S. ... just 3,500 at this huge event
312
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美国在这件重要的事情上只有3500个人
15:23
to help the families
313
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来帮助那些孩子们的
15:26
of all the kids --
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家庭。
15:30
some that have died, some that are
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这些孩子,有的死了
15:32
like Brandon --
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有的像布兰登一样。
15:34
and they wanted me to speak.
317
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而他们希望我去做一个演讲。
15:36
I said, "What am I going to say?
318
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我说,“我该说些什么呢?
15:38
This is not a happy thing. Look, if this happens to you,
319
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这些并不是好事情。要是,发生在你们身上
15:40
I can give you ... This stuff is
320
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我能给你们的
15:42
still not as good at the original equipment."
321
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永远比不上你原来自己的手臂。“
15:47
"You need to come."
322
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”我们需要你过来一趟。“
15:49
So, I went.
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所以,我去了。
15:51
And, as I think you get the point,
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你们大概可以想象,
15:54
there were a lot people there recovering.
325
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那儿有很多人在康复。
15:57
Some further along than others.
326
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有些人比其他人伤的更严重。
16:00
But universally, these people that had been through this
327
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但是,每一个经历了这些的人
16:03
had astounding attitudes,
328
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都有着惊人的乐观态度。
16:06
and just the fact that people care
329
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而只是他人的关心,对于这些人
16:11
makes a huge difference to them.
330
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就有着巨大的影响。
16:14
I'll shut up, except one message
331
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最后,我还想跟你们说一个
16:21
or concern I have.
332
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我所忧虑的事情。
16:23
I don't think anybody does it intentionally,
333
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我不并是说有谁是故意这样做的,
16:27
but there were people there literally talking about,
334
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但是,有很多人一直在强调
16:29
"Well, how much will they get?"
335
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他们可以得到什么。
16:34
You know, this country is involved as we've all heard,
336
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就你们所知,这个国家
16:36
in this great healthcare debate.
337
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4000
一直在争论医疗保健的问题。
16:40
"Who is entitled to what?
338
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谁拥有什么样的利益?
16:43
Who is entitled to how much?
339
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2000
谁拥有多少利益?
16:45
Who is going to pay for it?"
340
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4000
谁来支付这些利益?
16:49
Those are tough questions.
341
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都是些很难的问题。
16:51
I don't have an answer to that. Not everybody
342
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2000
我没有这些问题的答案。并不是每个
16:53
can be entitled to everything simply because you were born here.
343
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3000
出生在这里的人都会得到所有的利益,。
16:56
It's not possible. It would be nice
344
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虽然那样很美好,但是是不可能的。
16:58
but let's be realistic.
345
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所以让我们现实一些吧。
17:00
They were tough questions. There's polarized groups down there.
346
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这些都是难题。有许多意见相左的阵营。
17:02
I don't know the answers.
347
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我不知道这些问题的答案。
17:05
There are other questions that are tough.
348
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还有另一些难题。
17:07
"Should we be there?
349
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我们应该在这儿吗?
17:09
How do we get out?
350
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我们该怎样离开?
17:11
What do we need to do?" There's very polarized
351
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我们该做些什么?对于这些问题
17:13
answers to that question too,
352
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1000
也有着许多不同的答案。
17:14
and I don't have any answers to that.
353
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而我也没有这些问题的的答案。
17:18
Those are political questions, economic questions,
354
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2000
对于那些政治方面的,经济方面的
17:20
strategic questions.
355
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和策略方面的问题,
17:24
I don't have the answer. But let me give you a simple
356
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我也不知道该怎样回答。但我有一个
17:27
concern or maybe statement, then.
357
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简单的想法,也可以说是立场。
17:32
It is an easy answer.
358
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3000
这是一个简单的答案。
17:35
I know what these kids deserve
359
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我知道什么是这些受伤了的孩子
17:38
on the healthcare side.
360
1058260
3000
在医疗方面应得的。
17:41
I was talking to one of them,
361
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3000
我和其中一个孩子聊过天,
17:44
and he was really liking this arm --
362
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他很喜欢这个机械义肢,
17:46
it's way, way, way better than a plastic
363
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因为这比一支带钩的塑料棍
17:49
stick with a hook on it --
364
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好很多。
17:52
but there's nobody in this room that would rather have that
365
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2000
但是现在在场的人,没有人会愿意用义肢代替
17:54
than the one you got.
366
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4000
原来的手臂。
17:58
But I was saying to him, "You know,
367
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但,我告诉那个孩子,“你知道吗,
18:00
the first airplane
368
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第一架飞机
18:02
went 100 feet in 1903.
369
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3000
在1903年飞行了100英尺。
18:05
Wilbur and Orville.
370
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那是威尔伯和奥威尔制造的。
18:08
But you know what? It wouldn't have made an old pigeon jealous.
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但那并不会让鸽子羡慕。
18:11
But now we got Eagles out there,
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然而我们现在有了老鹰战机,
18:14
F15s, even that Bald Eagle.
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F 15鹰式战机,甚至是秃鹰战机。
18:19
I've never seen a bird flying around at Mach 2.
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我从没在马赫机场附近看过一只飞鸟。
18:23
I think eventually we'll make these things extraordinary."
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所以我想我们最终一定会有非凡的成果。”
18:28
And I said to that kid,
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我还对他说,
18:30
"I'll stop when your buddies
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“在你的伙伴嫉妒
18:33
are envious of your Luke arm
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你的义肢的能力和用法之时,
18:37
because of what it can do, and how it does it.
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我会停止我的工作。
18:40
And we'll keep working. And I'm not going to stop working
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在那之前,我会一直做下去。
18:43
until we do that."
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不停止地做下去。”
18:46
And I think this country
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我认为这个国家应该
18:49
ought to continue its great debate,
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继续它的辩论。
18:51
whining and complaining, "I'm entitled." "You're a victim."
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还有关于“我有权利”“你是受害者”的抱怨。
18:55
And whining and complaining about what our foreign policy ought to be.
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关于我们外交政策的抱怨。
18:58
But while we have the luxury of whining and complaining about
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但在我们奢望着抱怨着
19:01
who's paying for what and how much we get,
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谁该出钱,我们得到了多少的同时,
19:04
the people that are out there
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记得是有些人让给了我们
19:06
giving us that great privilege of whining and complaining,
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抱怨的特权。
19:08
I know what they deserve:
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我知道什么是他们应得的,
19:10
everything humanly possible.
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他们应该得到我们所能做到的一切。
19:13
And we ought to give it to them.
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我们应该给他们。
19:15
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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