Theaster Gates: How to revive a neighborhood: with imagination, beauty and art

142,774 views ・ 2015-03-26

TED


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翻译人员: xie ruohan 校对人员: Twisted Meadows
00:14
I'm a potter,
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我是一名陶艺家。
00:17
which seems like a fairly humble vocation.
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听起来不是什么了不起的职业。
00:21
I know a lot about pots.
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我对于各种陶器了如指掌,
00:24
I've spent about 15 years making them.
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我在这一行干了差不多15年。
00:28
One of the things that really excites me in my artistic practice
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在我艺术实践的历程中, 有一件事儿很让我为之兴奋,
00:31
and being trained as a potter
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正是这件事儿让我成为一名陶艺师。
那就是:你能够快速地学到, 怎样从无到有地做出很棒的作品;
00:34
is that you very quickly learn how to make great things out of nothing;
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00:39
that I spent a lot of time at my wheel with mounds of clay trying stuff;
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这使我日复一日地在转轮上 用黏土制作着各种试作品;
00:46
and that the limitations of my capacity, my ability,
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我能力与才华的唯一限制,
00:49
was based on my hands and my imagination;
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就是我的双手和想象力;
00:52
that if I wanted to make a really nice bowl
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如果我想做一个漂亮的碗,
00:54
and I didn't know how to make a foot yet,
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但我甚至连碗的底座怎么做都还不知道,
00:56
I would have to learn how to make a foot;
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那我就得去学习如何制作底座;
00:59
that that process of learning has been very, very helpful to my life.
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这种学习的过程, 对我的人生来说大有裨益。
01:04
I feel like, as a potter,
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我认为,作为一名陶艺家,
01:06
you also start to learn how to shape the world.
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你也要逐渐学着 去塑造我们的世界。
01:11
There have been times in my artistic capacity
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很多时候,我希望通过我的艺术创作
01:14
that I wanted to reflect
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去反映出另外一些
01:17
on other really important moments
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非常重要的时刻。
01:19
in the history of the U.S., the history of the world
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在美国历史、世界历史里
01:23
where tough things happened,
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那些艰苦的年代。
01:25
but how do you talk about tough ideas
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但你怎么能在脱离实物的情况下,
01:28
without separating people from that content?
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去和人谈论那些困难的话题呢?
我能否使用这些来自 阿拉巴马州的一些老旧废弃的消防管,
01:32
Could I use art like these old, discontinued firehoses from Alabama,
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01:37
to talk about the complexities of a moment of civil rights in the '60s?
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来表现上世纪60年代人权运动的复杂性?
01:43
Is it possible to talk about my father and I doing labor projects?
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能否让我谈谈父亲和我所做的一些项目?
01:48
My dad was a roofer, construction guy, he owned small businesses,
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我的父亲是一名屋顶工,建筑工人。他的生意不大。
01:52
and at 80, he was ready to retire and his tar kettle was my inheritance.
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在他80岁的时候,他准备退休了。 于是我继承了他留下的沥青锅。
01:59
Now, a tar kettle doesn't sound like much of an inheritance. It wasn't.
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如今,沥青锅听起来真不像 一个像样的传家品,它确实不是。
02:03
It was stinky and it took up a lot of space in my studio,
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它会散发出阵阵恶臭,并且挤占了我工作室的许多空间。
02:07
but I asked my dad if he would be willing to make some art with me,
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但是,我曾询问父亲是否愿意 与我合作,创造一些艺术作品,
02:11
if we could reimagine this kind of nothing material
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如果我们能够重塑 这块看似无用的材料,
02:15
as something very special.
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把它变成很特别的东西。
02:18
And by elevating the material and my dad's skill,
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并且通过材质的提升 和我父亲娴熟的技术,
02:21
could we start to think about tar just like clay, in a new way,
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我们能否以新的方式, 把沥青当成黏土,
02:27
shaping it differently, helping us to imagine what was possible?
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用另外的方式去塑造它, 帮我们发现新的可能性?
02:33
After clay, I was then kind of turned on to lots of different kinds of materials,
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在黏土之后,我开始 尝试使用各种不同的材料,
02:37
and my studio grew a lot because I thought, well,
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我的工作室也在日益扩大,因为我觉得
02:40
it's not really about the material, it's about our capacity to shape things.
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这不仅仅关乎材料的选用, 更是关于我们塑造事物的能力。
02:44
I became more and more interested in ideas
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我对于「创意」越来越感兴趣,
02:47
and more and more things that were happening just outside my studio.
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也越来越多地在工作室之外进行创作。
02:53
Just to give you a little bit of context, I live in Chicago.
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先给大家提供一些背景,我居住在芝加哥。
02:57
I live on the South Side now. I'm a West Sider.
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我现在住在南边。 但我是西边的人。
03:00
For those of you who are not Chicagoans, that won't mean anything,
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如果你不是芝加哥人, 这些信息对你可能没什么意义。
03:03
but if I didn't mention that I was a West Sider,
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但是,如果我不提及我是西边的人,
03:06
there would be a lot of people in the city that would be very upset.
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这个城市里的很多人可能会很不高兴。
03:10
The neighborhood that I live in is Grand Crossing.
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我居住在芝加哥的 “Grand Crossing”街区。
03:13
It's a neighborhood that has seen better days.
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那是一个美景不再的社区。
03:16
It is not a gated community by far.
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它完全不是个高级社区。
03:21
There is lots of abandonment in my neighborhood,
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我们附近有很多废弃建筑物,
03:24
and while I was kind of busy making pots and busy making art
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当我忙于制作我的器皿、忙于创造
03:27
and having a good art career,
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和享受艺术的时候,
03:29
there was all of this stuff that was happening
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这一切都在周围发生着
03:31
just outside my studio.
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就在我的工作室之外。
03:34
All of us know about failing housing markets
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我们都了解房地产市场的低迷,
03:37
and the challenges of blight,
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和它面临的衰落的挑战,
03:39
and I feel like we talk about it with some of our cities more than others,
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我们时常谈论自己的城市,而不是别的,
03:43
but I think a lot of our U.S. cities and beyond
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但是我常思考美国的城市, 以及别的国家的城市
03:45
have the challenge of blight,
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都面临着日益衰落的挑战。
03:48
abandoned buildings that people no longer know what to do anything with.
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人们不知道该如何处置这些被废弃的建筑。
03:52
And so I thought, is there a way that I could start to think
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因此,我开始设想, 是否有一种方式能使我
03:55
about these buildings as an extension or an expansion of my artistic practice?
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把这些建筑,作为我 艺术实践的延伸与扩展呢?
04:00
And that if I was thinking along with other creatives --
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如果我能和其他创意人士一起协同思考——
04:03
architects, engineers, real estate finance people --
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建筑家、工程师、房地产和金融人士——
04:07
that us together might be able to kind of think
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这样我们可能一起想出
04:10
in more complicated ways about the reshaping of cities.
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更多元的方式,去重塑我们的城市。
04:15
And so I bought a building.
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所以我买下了一栋建筑物。
04:16
The building was really affordable.
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这栋建筑非常便宜。
04:19
We tricked it out.
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我们给它精心打扮了一番。
04:21
We made it as beautiful as we could to try to just get some activity happening
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我们想尽办法把它弄得有吸引力, 让更多的活动发生在我的街区。
04:25
on my block.
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04:27
Once I bought the building for about 18,000 dollars,
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我花1万8千美元买下这栋房子之后,
04:30
I didn't have any money left.
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就没剩什么钱了。
04:32
So I started sweeping the building as a kind of performance.
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所以我开始打扫这幢房子 并将其作为一种表演。
04:37
This is performance art, and people would come over,
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这是一种行为艺术, 其他人也可以参与进来,
04:40
and I would start sweeping.
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我就这样开始打扫。
04:41
Because the broom was free and sweeping was free.
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但是因为扫帚是免费的, 打扫也是免费(自由)的。
04:44
It worked out.
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它就这么奏效了。
04:46
(Laughter)
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(笑)
04:48
But we would use the building, then, to stage exhibitions, small dinners,
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我们接下来用这个房子 举办了一些展览和小型餐会,
04:54
and we found that that building on my block, Dorchester --
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我发现这栋建筑——我们给它 取名叫多切斯特(Dorchester)计划
04:58
we now referred to the block as Dorchester projects --
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——开始成为街区里的 一个人群聚集的场所。
05:01
that in a way that building became a kind of gathering site
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05:04
for lots of different kinds of activity.
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各类活动都在这里举办。
05:06
We turned the building into what we called now the Archive House.
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后来我们改造并给这栋房子命名「资料馆」。
05:11
The Archive House would do all of these amazing things.
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资料馆有许多惊人的功用。
05:14
Very significant people in the city and beyond
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许多来自城里城外的达官贵人
05:17
would find themselves in the middle of the hood.
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都会跑到这里来。
05:20
And that's when I felt like
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这时候我会觉得
也许我做陶土的经历, 和这里正在发生的新鲜事
05:22
maybe there was a relationship between my history with clay
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05:25
and this new thing that was starting to develop,
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有着某种特殊的联系。
05:28
that we were slowly starting
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我们逐渐开始
05:30
to reshape how people imagined the South Side of the city.
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重塑人们心中的芝加哥南区。
05:35
One house turned into a few houses,
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从一栋房子到很多房子,
05:37
and we always tried to suggest
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我们不断地试图强调:
05:40
that not only is creating a beautiful vessel important,
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重要的不仅是造出一些好看的容器,
05:44
but the contents of what happens in those buildings is also very important.
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而是在这些建筑里,会发生什么?
05:47
So we were not only thinking about development,
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所以我们不只是关注它的建造,
05:50
but we were thinking about the program,
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我们还要思考它的整个程序,
05:52
thinking about the kind of connections that could happen
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考虑在这栋房子和那栋房子之间、 在这个社区和那个社区之间,
05:56
between one house and another, between one neighbor and another.
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可能发生什么样的联结。
这座建筑被我们做成了“聆听屋”,
06:02
This building became what we call the Listening House,
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06:05
and it has a collection of discarded books
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这里收集了许多废弃的书籍
06:08
from the Johnson Publishing Corporation,
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它们都来自于Johnson出版社,
06:11
and other books from an old bookstore that was going out of business.
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还有一些其他的书, 来自一些快要倒闭的旧书店。
06:15
I was actually just wanting to activate these buildings as much as I could
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我其实就是想要和任何愿意 参与的人一起,用各种方式
06:19
with whatever and whoever would join me.
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尽量激发这些建筑的活力。
06:23
In Chicago, there's amazing building stock.
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在芝加哥,有许多令人惊叹的建筑。
06:26
This building, which had been the former crack house on the block,
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这座建筑过去是这一带的吸毒屋,
06:30
and when the building became abandoned,
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当它逐渐被遗弃的时候,
06:33
it became a great opportunity to really imagine what else could happen there.
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也为我们提供了绝佳的机会去设想: 这儿还能发生些什么不一样的事?
06:37
So this space we converted into what we call Black Cinema House.
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所以我们将这片空间改造为 一幢名叫"黑色影院"的房子。
06:41
Black Cinema House was an opportunity in the hood to screen films
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黑色影院为邻居们 提供了很好的观影机会,
06:45
that were important and relevant to the folk who lived around me,
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这对于居住在周围的人来说 十分重要,也与他们密切相关。
06:49
that if we wanted to show an old Melvin Van Peebles film, we could.
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假如我想要和大家分享Melvin Van Peebles 的老电影,我能在这里放映。
06:53
If we wanted to show "Car Wash," we could.
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假如我想要放映《洗车场》, 我也能在这儿做到。
06:56
That would be awesome.
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真是太棒了。
06:57
The building we soon outgrew,
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这些建筑很快就不够用了,
07:00
and we had to move to a larger space.
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我们不得不搬去更大的地方。
07:03
Black Cinema House, which was made from just a small piece of clay,
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黑色电影屋的构想一开始 仅仅来自于一小块黏土(的创意),
07:07
had to grow into a much larger piece of clay, which is now my studio.
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(这个创意)不断的成长壮大, 最终成为了我的工作室。
07:14
What I realized was that for those of you who are zoning junkies,
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我意识到,对于那些 热衷于给建筑分类的人来说,
07:18
that some of the things that I was doing
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我所做的这些工作
07:20
in these buildings that had been left behind,
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——在废弃建筑中做的事,
07:23
they were not the uses by which the buildings were built,
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并不是那些建筑原本的用途。
07:27
and that there are city policies that say,
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一些城市的法规中声明:
07:29
"Hey, a house that is residential needs to stay residential."
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”嘿,房子应该保持它作为住宅的特性”
07:33
But what do you do in neighborhoods when ain't nobody interested in living there?
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但是如果都没人愿意住在 这些无聊建筑里了怎么办?
07:38
That the people who have the means to leave have already left?
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能搬走的人都已经搬走了。
07:42
What do we do with these abandoned buildings?
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我们该如何处理这些废弃的建筑?
07:44
And so I was trying to wake them up using culture.
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于是我开始尝试用文化来唤醒它们。
07:47
We found that that was so exciting for folk,
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我发现大家对于这事很兴奋,
07:50
and people were so responsive to the work, that we had to then find bigger buildings.
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人们对我们的工作反响热烈, 我们不得不搬去更大的建筑。
07:55
By the time we found bigger buildings,
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当我们找到更大建筑的时候,
07:57
there was, in part, the resources necessary to think about those things.
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某种程度上,我们就有了 一些资源来满足更多需求。
08:01
In this bank that we called the Arts Bank, it was in pretty bad shape.
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我们管这个银行叫「艺术银行」, 它已经十分破败。
08:05
There was about six feet of standing water.
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里面大约有六英尺的积水。
08:09
It was a difficult project to finance,
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这个项目很难筹到资金,
08:11
because banks weren't interested in the neighborhood
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因为邻居们对银行没有什么兴趣,
08:14
because people weren't interested in the neighborhood
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当然,人们也对自身所处的社区毫无兴趣,
08:16
because nothing had happened there.
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因为那儿没有什么有趣的事发生。
08:18
It was dirt. It was nothing. It was nowhere.
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这里很脏,什么也没有, 简直什么都不是。
08:22
And so we just started imagining, what else could happen in this building?
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于是我们开始想象, 这个建筑里能发生些什么?
08:28
(Applause)
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(掌声)
08:33
And so now that the rumor of my block has spread,
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于是有关这幢建筑的传闻 迅速在我的街区传开了,
08:36
and lots of people are starting to visit,
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许多人来这里参观,
08:38
we've found that the bank can now be a center
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我们觉得,现在可以将 这个地方作为社区的中心
08:40
for exhibition, archives, music performance,
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用来做展览,放置档案资料, 以及举办音乐表演等,
08:43
and that there are people who are now interested
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一些人开始对住在周围产生兴趣,
08:46
in being adjacent to those buildings because we brought some heat,
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这是因为我们为它带来了一点温度,
08:50
that we kind of made a fire.
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我们创造了一个火种。
08:52
One of the archives that we'll have there is this Johnson Publishing Corporation.
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我们的一些藏品来自于Johnson出版社。
08:56
We've also started to collect memorabilia from American history,
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我们也开始收集一些 与美国历史有关的纪念物品,
09:00
from people who live or have lived in that neighborhood.
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它们来自曾经或现在居住在这里的邻居们。
09:04
Some of these images are degraded images of black people,
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其中有一些资料是关于歧视黑人的图片,
09:08
kind of histories of very challenging content,
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这些充满争议的内容所讲述的历史,
09:11
and where better than a neighborhood
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是不是要比邻里间的年轻人 不断追问其自身身份定位时,
09:13
with young people who are constantly asking themselves about their identity
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09:18
to talk about some of the complexities
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谈论到的一些错综复杂的 种族和阶级问题,要更直观一些?
09:20
of race and class?
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09:22
In some ways, the bank represents a hub,
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在某种程度上,这银行相当于一个枢纽,
09:26
that we're trying to create a pretty hardcore node of cultural activity,
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一个我们努力去创造的, 能够承载文化活动的核心节点,
09:31
and that if we could start to make multiple hubs
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如果我们可以创造出多个枢纽,
09:34
and connect some cool green stuff around there,
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并在周围布置上酷炫的绿色植物,
09:37
that the buildings that we've purchased and rehabbed,
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凭借我们购买和修复的这些建筑,
09:40
which is now around 60 or 70 units,
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——现在这一大片建筑被分为了60-70个区域,
09:44
that if we could land miniature Versailles on top of that,
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如果我们能在其上加上类似 一种微型凡尔赛宫的设计,
09:49
and connect these buildings by a beautiful greenbelt --
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用美丽的绿化带连接这些建筑——
09:52
(Applause) --
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(掌声)
09:55
that this place where people never wanted to be
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这些人们以前不想再待的地方,
09:59
would become an important destination
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最终会变成全国、全世界的 人们都想前往的目的地。
10:01
for folk from all over the country and world.
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有时候,我觉得自己 确实很像一个陶艺师,
10:05
In some ways, it feels very much like I'm a potter,
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10:08
that we tackle the things that are at our wheel,
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我们在处理自己转轮上的事情,
10:12
we try with the skill that we have
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我们用自己所拥有的技能
10:14
to think about this next bowl that I want to make.
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去思考下一个想要做的器皿的模样。
10:19
And it went from a bowl to a singular house to a block to a neighborhood
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从一个陶罐到一幢建筑, 到一个街区、一个社区,
10:23
to a cultural district to thinking about the city,
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再到一个文化区, 直至整个城市。
10:26
and at every point, there were things that I didn't know that I had to learn.
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在每一次尝试上,我都有 自己需要不断学习的盲区。
10:30
I've never learned so much about zoning law in my life.
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我原先从未学过如此之多 和区域法律有关的知识。
10:33
I never thought I'd have to.
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我也不曾设想过有一天 我会不得不面对这些知识。
10:35
But as a result of that, I'm finding that there's not just room
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最终,我发现那里不仅仅是一个
10:38
for my own artistic practice,
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为我提供艺术实践的空间,
10:40
there's room for a lot of other artistic practices.
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他是一个可以提供 许许多多不同艺术实践的场域。
10:43
So people started asking us,
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于是就有朋友开始问我:
10:45
"Well, Theaster, how are you going to go to scale?"
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“那么,西亚斯特,你打算怎么扩大规模呢?”
10:47
and, "What's your sustainability plan?"
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以及“你的战略规划是什么呢?”
10:49
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(笑)(掌声)
10:54
And what I found was that I couldn't export myself,
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我发现我无法「输出」我自己,
10:58
that what seems necessary in cities like Akron, Ohio,
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对俄亥俄州的阿克伦市来说, 什么是必不可少的?
11:02
and Detroit, Michigan, and Gary, Indiana,
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对密歇根州的底特律市呢? 还有印第安纳州的盖瑞市?
11:04
is that there are people in those places who already believe in those places,
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这些地方的人里,是否已经 有人对他们的社区怀有信心?
11:08
that are already dying to make those places beautiful,
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是否已经有人在竭力使其变得更美好?
11:11
and that often, those people who are passionate about a place
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这些对自己生活的地方充满激情的人,
11:15
are disconnected from the resources necessary to make cool things happen,
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往往缺乏必要的资源去做那些很酷的事,
11:19
or disconnected from a contingency of people
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或者缺乏一些人脉
11:22
that could help make things happen.
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来帮他们创造出美好的事物。
11:23
So now, we're starting to give advice around the country
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所以现在,我们开始 为全国提供一些建议,
11:28
on how to start with what you got,
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教他们如何利用 现有的资源开始行动,
11:30
how to start with the things that are in front of you,
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如何解决面前最紧要的问题,
11:33
how to make something out of nothing,
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如何从无到有做出成果,
11:35
how to reshape your world at a wheel or at your block
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如何在你的转轮上、或你住的街区里、 或者在整个城市范围内
11:40
or at the scale of the city.
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重塑这个世界。
11:42
Thank you so much.
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非常感谢。
11:44
(Applause)
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(掌声)
11:51
June Cohen: Thank you. So I think many people watching this
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June Cohen: 谢谢,我想 许多人在看这一段的时候,
11:55
will be asking themselves the question you just raised at the end:
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会问自己,你在最后提出的那个问题:
11:58
How can they do this in their own city?
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“他们该怎么在自己的城市做这些?”
12:00
You can't export yourself.
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你无法「输出」自己。 (他们不能重复你的做法)
12:02
Give us a few pages out of your playbook about what someone who is inspired
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能否从你的剧本里提供几页建议,给那些
12:05
about their city can do to take on projects like yours?
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渴望在自己城市里 发起类似项目的人?
12:08
Theaster Gates: One of the things I've found that's really important
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西亚斯特·盖茨:我发现 其中一件真的很重要的事
12:11
is giving thought to not just the kind of individual project,
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就是不要只考虑到单独的项目,
12:16
like an old house,
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例如一幢旧房子。
12:18
but what's the relationship between an old house,
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而更应该着眼于 不同建筑之间的相互关系,
12:21
a local school, a small bodega,
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一座当地的学校、一家小酒窖,
12:24
and is there some kind of synergy between those things?
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他们之间是否存在着某种协同关系?
12:27
Can you get those folk talking?
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你能否让它们彼此交流起来?
12:30
I've found that in cases where neighborhoods have failed,
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我发现一个社区即使废弃了,
12:34
they still often have a pulse.
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它们也仍然拥有脉搏。
12:36
How do you identify the pulse in that place, the passionate people,
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人们是怎样找出一个地方的脉搏的? 找出那些仍有热情的人们?
12:40
and then how do you get folk who have been fighting,
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以及你如何找到那些,二十年来
12:43
slogging for 20 years, reenergized about the place that they live?
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一直在努力复苏社区的人?
12:47
And so someone has to do that work.
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总要有人去整合这些资源。
12:50
If I were a traditional developer, I would be talking about buildings alone,
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如果我是一个传统的开发商, 我就只会关注于建筑本身。
12:54
and then putting a "For Lease" sign in the window.
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然后在玻璃窗上放一块“出租”的牌子。
12:58
I think that you actually have to curate more than that,
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我想,其实大家需要做得比这更多一些,
13:01
that there's a way in which you have to be mindful about,
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你们需要留心思考一种发展路径。
13:03
what are the businesses that I want to grow here?
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我希望能在这里发展些什么?
13:06
And then, are there people who live in this place
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然后,居住在这个地方的人们
13:09
who want to grow those businesses with me?
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是否愿意和我一道 去经营和扩大这个事?
13:11
Because I think it's not just a cultural space or housing;
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因为我觉得这不仅仅是一个文化空间或是住宅;
13:14
there has to be the recreation of an economic core.
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它自身要有一个重塑的经济内核。
13:17
So thinking about those things together feels right.
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所以把所有这些一起考虑进去会更好。
13:20
JC: It's hard to get people to create the spark again
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JC:再度点燃人们的激情是非常困难的,
13:23
when people have been slogging for 20 years.
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尤其在他们已经走了差不多20年的弯路之后。
13:25
Are there any methods you've found that have helped break through?
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你有什么方法可以帮助他们进行突破吗?
13:28
TG: Yeah, I think that now there are lots of examples
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TG:是的,我觉得现在已经有非常多的例子,
13:31
of folk who are doing amazing work,
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关于人们所做的一些令人惊讶的工作。
13:33
but those methods are sometimes like, when the media is constantly saying
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但是说到方法,其实有点像… 假设当媒体在不断的说
13:38
that only violent things happen in a place,
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暴力事件总是发生在某处,
13:41
then based on your skill set and the particular context,
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那么,基于你自己的能力和具体的情况,
13:44
what are the things that you can do in your neighborhood
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你能在你的社区做些什么
13:47
to kind of fight some of that?
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去以某种方式对抗它?
13:49
So I've found that if you're a theater person,
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所以,我想 如果你是一名戏剧工作者,
13:52
you have outdoor street theater festivals.
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你办了一个户外的街头戏剧节(来呼吁这个事情)。
13:54
In some cases, we don't have the resources in certain neighborhoods
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有时,我们在社区里 没有足够的资源
13:58
to do things that are a certain kind of splashy,
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去使得这件事足够的引人注目,
14:02
but if we can then find ways of making sure that people
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但是,如果我们能 找到正确的方法来
14:05
who are local to a place,
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让当地的居民
14:06
plus people who could be supportive of the things that are happening locally,
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以及那些支持当地活动的人们,
14:10
when those people get together,
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当这些人同心协力,
14:12
I think really amazing things can happen.
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我想一定会有很多惊人的事情发生。
14:14
JC: So interesting.
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JC: 很有趣。
14:16
And how can you make sure that the projects you're creating
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但是你是如何确保你所做的项目
14:18
are actually for the disadvantaged
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都是为了帮助处于弱势的人,
14:20
and not just for the sort of vegetarian indie movie crowd
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而不是为一些,为了这些好处
14:24
that might move in to take advantage of them.
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专门搬家到这个社区的人。
14:26
TG: Right on. So I think this is where it starts to get into the thick weeds.
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TG:你说得对,这也是 我们现在感到棘手的地方。
14:31
JC: Let's go there. TG: Right now, Grand Crossing
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JC: 那就说说吧。
TG:目前,”Grand Crossing“街区里99%的 居民都是黑人,至少住在那里的人里是这样。
14:33
is 99 percent black, or at least living,
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14:36
and we know that maybe who owns property in a place
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我们知道,也许那些拥有财富的人们
14:40
is different from who walks the streets every day.
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与整天在街上走来走去的人是不同的。
14:42
So it's reasonable to say that Grand Crossing is already
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所以我们有理由说 ”Grand Crossing"正处在
14:45
in the process of being something different than it is today.
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一个变革的过程中。
14:49
But are there ways to think about housing trusts or land trusts
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但是能不能考虑 住房信托或土地信托呢?
14:55
or a mission-based development
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或是以任务为基础的发展?
14:57
that starts to protect some of the space that happens,
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通过这些方式来保护那里的一些地方?
15:00
because when you have 7,500 empty lots in a city,
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因为当你的城市有7500块空地时,
15:04
you want something to happen there,
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你就会想要在那里发展点什么,
15:06
but you need entities that are not just interested in the development piece,
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但你需要的不是那些对开发地产有兴趣的单位,
15:11
but entities that are interested in the stabilization piece,
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而是那些对区域稳定有兴趣的单位。
15:14
and I feel like often the developer piece is really motivated,
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我觉得大家往往富有「开发」的积极性,
15:17
but the other work of a kind of neighborhood consciousness,
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却对剩下的工作,比如邻里意识,
15:21
that part doesn't live anymore.
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毫不关心。
15:22
So how do you start to grow up important watchdogs
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所以,你该考虑怎样 培养重要的监督者,
15:27
that ensure that the resources that are made available
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来确保,资源不完全是
15:30
to new folk that are coming in
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方便了那些新搬进来的住户,
15:31
are also distributed to folk who have lived in a place for a long time.
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而是同时也为原有的 长期住户带来了好处。
15:35
JC: That makes so much sense. One more question:
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JC: 很有道理。 最后一个问题:
15:37
You make such a compelling case for beauty and the importance of beauty and the arts.
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你对美和艺术的重要性 提出了许多令人信服的理由。
15:42
There would be others who would argue that funds would be better spent
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但有些人会质疑说,把有限资金用在
15:45
on basic services for the disadvantaged.
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提升弱势群体的基础服务上会更好。
15:48
How do you combat that viewpoint, or come against it?
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你如何对抗或反抗这种观点?
15:52
TG: I believe that beauty is a basic service.
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TG: 我认为,「美」就是一种基础服务。
15:54
(Applause)
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(掌声)
我常见到的情况是 当有些资源没有被用在
16:02
Often what I have found is that when there are resources
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16:06
that have not been made available to certain under-resourced cities
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特定的缺乏资源的城市
16:09
or neighborhoods or communities,
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或邻里、或社区时,
16:11
that sometimes culture is the thing that helps to ignite,
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这种时候,「文化」正是 可以帮助点燃(资源流动趋势)的东西,
16:16
and that I can't do everything,
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我无法做完所有的事,
16:19
but I think that there's a way in which if you can start with culture
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但我觉得,如果你能 从文化开始突破,
16:22
and get people kind of reinvested in their place,
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让人们愿意重新投资自己所在的地方,
16:25
other kinds of adjacent amenities start to grow,
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那么这附近的很多基础设施 也会相应地成长起来。
16:29
and then people can make a demand that's a poetic demand,
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这时候人们就会产生更多高雅的需求,
16:33
and the political demands that are necessary to wake up our cities,
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以及必要的政治诉求, 去唤醒我们的城市。
16:38
they also become very poetic.
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这些城市也会变的很有诗意。
16:40
JC: It makes perfect sense to me.
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JC: 这对我而言真是大有裨益。
16:42
Theaster, thank you so much for being here with us today.
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西亚斯特,非常感谢你今天的到来。
16:45
Thank you. Theaster Gates.
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谢谢!西亚斯特·盖茨。
16:46
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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