I leapt from the stratosphere. Here's how I did it | Alan Eustace

Prevodilac: Miloš Milosavljević Lektor: Mile Živković

So I grew up in Orlando, Florida.

Odrastao sam u Orlandu na Floridi.

I was the son of an aerospace engineer.

Sin sam aero-inženjera.

I lived and breathed the Apollo program.

Proživeo sam svemirski program "Apolo".

We either saw the launches from our backyard

Gledali smo lansiranja iz našeg dvorišta

or we saw it by driving in the hour over to the Cape.

ili smo ih gledali vozeći se do Kejpa.

I was impressed by, obviously, space and everything about it,

Bio sam, naravno, impresioniran svemirom,

but I was most impressed by the engineering that went into it.

ali sam najviše bio impresioniran tehnologijom.

Behind me you see an amazing view,

Iza mene vidite neverovatan pogled,

a picture that was taken from the International Space Station,

sliku napravljenu sa Međunarodne svemirske stanice,

and it shows a portion of our planet

koja prikazuje deo naše planete

that's rarely seen and rarely studied

koji se retko vidi i malo je izučavan

and almost never explored.

i skoro nikad istraživan.

That place is called the stratosphere.

To mesto se zove stratosfera.

If you start on the planet and you go up and up and up,

Ako krenete sa planete i penjete se,

it gets colder and colder and colder,

postaje sve hladnije i hladnije,

until you reach the beginning of the stratosphere,

dok ne stignete do početka stratosfere,

and then an amazing thing happens.

a onda se dešava neverovatna stvar.

It gets colder at a much slower rate, and then it starts warming up,

Postaje hladnije mnogo sporijim tempom, a onda počinje da otopljava

and then it gets warmer and warmer

i onda postaje sve toplije i toplije

until the point where you can almost survive without any protection,

do tačke gde možete maltene da preživite bez ikakve zaštite,

about zero degrees,

oko nula stepeni,

and then you end up getting colder and colder,

i onda ulazite u sve hladnije i hladnije

and that's the top of the stratosphere.

i to je vrh stratosfere.

It is one of the least accessible places on our planet.

To je jedno od nejnepristupačnijih mesta na našoj planeti.

Most often, when it's visited,

Najčešće je posećuju

it's by astronauts who are blazing up at it

astronauti, koji suknu kroz nju

at probably several times the speed of sound,

nekoliko puta brže od brzine zvuka

and they get a few seconds on the way up,

i uhvate par sekundi dok idu nagore,

and then they get this blazing ball of fire coming back in,

a onda u gorućoj vatrenoj lopti dok se vraćaju,

on the way back in.

na putu nazad.

But the question I asked is, is it possible to linger in the stratosphere?

Pitanje koje postavljam je: da li je moguće zadržati se u stratosferi?

Is it possible to experience the stratosphere?

Da li je moguće iskusiti stratosferu?

Is it possible to explore the stratosphere?

Da li je moguće istraživati stratosferu?

I studied this using my favorite search engine

Proučavao sam ovo pomoću svog omiljenog uređaja za pretraživanje

for quite a while, about a year,

prilično dugo, oko godinu dana,

and then I made a scary phone call.

a onda sam uputio zastrašujući telefonski poziv.

It was a reference from a friend of mine to call Taber MacCallum

Prijatelj mi je preporučio da pozovem Tejbera Mekaluma

from Paragon Space Development Corporation,

iz Paragona, korporacije za razvoj svemira,

and I asked him the question:

i pitao sam ga

is it possible to build

da li je moguće konstruisati

a system to go into the stratosphere?

sistem za odlazak u stratosferu?

And he said it was.

Rekao je da je moguće.

And after a period of about three years, we proceeded to do just that.

I posle otprilike tri godine, krenuli smo da radimo upravo to.

And on October 24 of last year,

I 24. oktobra prošle godine,

in this suit,

u ovom odelu,

I started on the ground,

krenuo sam sa zemlje,

I went up in a balloon to 135,890 feet --

popeo sam se u balonu na 41.420 metara -

but who's counting?

ali ko još broji?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Came back to Earth at speeds of up to 822 miles an hour.

Vratio sam se na Zemlju brzinama do 1.320 km na sat.

It was a four-minute and 27-second descent.

Pad je trajao 4 minuta i 27 sekundi.

And when I got to 10,000 feet, I opened a parachute and I landed.

Kad sam stigao do 3.000 metara, otvorio sam padobran i spustio se.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

But this is really a science talk, and it's really an engineering talk,

Ali ovo je naučni i inženjerski govor

and what was amazing to me about that experience

i ono što mi je bilo neverovatno u vezi tog iskustva

is that Taber said, yes, I think we can build a stratospheric suit,

je da je Tejber rekao: da, mislim da možemo da napravimo odelo za stratosferu

and more than that, come down tomorrow

i pored toga, dođi sutra

and let's talk to the team that formed the core of the group

da porazgovaramo sa timom koji čini jezgro grupe

that actually built it.

koja ga je napravila.

And they did something which I think is important,

I oni su uradili nešto što mislim da je važno:

which is they took the analogy of scuba diving.

uzeli su analogiju sa ronjenjem.

So in scuba diving,

Kod ronjenja

you have a self-contained system.

imate samostalan sistem.

You have everything that you could ever need.

Imate sve što vam je potrebno.

You have a scuba tank.

Imate bocu za ronjenje.

You have a wetsuit.

Imate ronilačko odelo.

You have visibility.

Imate vidljivost.

And that scuba is exactly this system,

I to je upravo ovaj sistem

and we're going to launch it into the stratosphere.

i lansiraćemo ga u stratosferu.

Three years later, this is what we have.

Tri godine kasnije, ovo je ono što smo dobili.

We've got an amazing suit that was made by ILC Dover.

Neverovatno odelo koje je napravio ILC Dover.

ILC Dover was the company that made all of the Apollo suits

ILC Dover je kompanija koja je napravila sva odela za Apolo misije

and all of the extravehicular activity suits.

i sva odela za vanbrodske aktivnosti.

They had never sold a suit commercially,

Nikad nisu prodali nijedno odelo

only to the government,

osim vladi,

but they sold one to me, which I am very grateful for.

ali su meni prodali jedno, na čemu sam im vrlo zahvalan.

Up here we have a parachute. This was all about safety.

Ovde gore imamo padobran. Najvažnija je bila bezbednost.

Everyone on the team knew

Svako u timu je znao

that I have a wife and two small children --

da imam ženu i dvoje male dece -

10 and 15 --

od 10 i 15 godina -

and I wanted to come back safely.

i da sam želeo bezbedno da se vratim.

So there's a main parachute and a reserve parachute,

Postoji glavni i rezervni padobran

and if I do nothing,

i ako ne radim ništa,

the reserve parachute is going to open because of an automatic opening device.

rezervni padobran će se otvoriti zbog automatskog uređaja za otvaranje.

The suit itself can protect me from the cold.

Samo odelo može da me zaštiti od hladnoće.

This area in the front here has thermal protection.

Ovaj deo napred ima toplotnu zaštitu.

It will actually heat water that will wrap around my body.

Ono zagreva vodu koja se obavija oko mog tela.

It has two redundant oxygen tanks.

Ima dve rezervne boce kiseonika.

Even if I was to get a quarter-inch hole in this suit,

Čak i da sam napravio u odelu rupu od pola centimetra,

which is extremely unlikely,

što je krajnje neverovatno,

this system would still protect me from the low pressure of space.

ovaj sistem bi me i dalje štitio od niskog pritiska svemira.

The main advantage of this system is weight and complexity.

Glavna prednost ovog sistema je težina i složenost.

So the system weighs about 500 pounds,

Sistem je težak oko 220 kg

and if you compare it to the other attempt recently to go up in the stratosphere,

i ako ga poredite sa ostalim skorašnjim pokušajima odlaska u stratosferu,

they used a capsule.

oni su koristili kapsulu.

And to do a capsule, there's an amazing amount of complexity that goes into it,

Napraviti kapsulu je izuzetno složeno

and it weighed about 3,000 pounds,

i ona je težila 1.300 kg,

and to raise 3,000 pounds to an altitude of 135,000 feet,

a da bi se podiglo 1.300 kg na visinu od 40.000 metara,

which was my target altitude,

što je bila moja ciljana visina,

it would have taken a balloon that was 45 to 50 million cubic feet.

bio bi potreban balon od oko 1.400.000 kubnih metara.

Because I only weighed 500 pounds in this system,

S obzirom da je moja težina bila 226 kg u ovom sistemu,

we could do it with a balloon that was five times smaller than that,

mogli smo to da uradimo s balonom koji je pet puta manji

and that allowed us to use a launch system that was dramatically simpler

i to nam je omogućilo da koristimo drastično jednostavniji sistem

than what needs to be done for a much larger balloon.

od onog koji je potreban za mnogo veći balon.

So with that, I want to take you to Roswell, New Mexico, on October 24.

I sa ovim, želeo bih da vas povedem u Rozvel u Nju Meksiku, 24. oktobra.

We had an amazing team that got up in the middle of the night.

Imali smo neverovatan tim koji je ustao usred noći.

And here's the suit.

Evo ga odelo.

Again, this is using the front loader that you'll see in a second,

Ono koristi otvor s prednje strane, koji ćete videti kroz par sekundi,

and I want to play you a video of the actual launch.

i hteo bih da vam pustim snimak lansiranja.

Roswell's a great place to launch balloons,

Rozvel je sjajno mesto za lansiranje balona

but it's a fantastic place to land under a parachute,

i fantastično mesto za spuštanje padobranom,

especially when you're going to land 70 miles away from the place you started.

naročito kada ćete sleteti 100 km od mesta sa kog ste krenuli.

That's a helium truck in the background.

U pozadini je kamion s helijumom.

It's darkness.

Mrak je.

I've already spent about an hour and a half pre-breathing.

Već sam proveo sat i po u pripremnom disanju.

And then here you see the suit going on.

I ovde vidite oblačenje odela.

It takes about an hour to get the suit on.

Potrebno je oko sat vremena za oblačenje odela.

Astronauts get this really nice air-conditioned van

Astronauti dobijaju lep klimatizovan kombi

to go to the launch pad, but I got a front loader.

za odlazak do lansirne rampe, a ja sam dobio odelo s otvorom spreda.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

You can see the top. You can see the balloon up there.

Možete videti vrh. Možete videti balon gore.

That's where the helium is.

Tu se nalazi helijum.

This is Dave clearing the airspace with the FAA for 15 miles.

Ovo je Dejv koji raščišćava vazdušni prostor sa FAA u krugu od 24 km.

And there we go.

I krećemo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

That's me waving with my left hand.

Ovo sam ja. Mašem levom rukom.

The reason I'm waving with my left hand

Razlog što mašem levom rukom

is because on the right hand is the emergency cutaway.

je zato što je na desnoj ruci ručica za slučaj opasnosti.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

My team forbade me from using my right hand.

Moj tim mi je zabranio korišćenje desne ruke.

So the trip up is beautiful. It's kind of like Google Earth in reverse.

Put nagore je divan. Nešto kao Google Earth natraške.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

It took two hours and seven minutes to go up,

Trebalo mi je dva sata i 7 minuta do gore

and it was the most peaceful two hours and seven minutes.

i to je bilo najmirnijih mogućih dva sata i sedam minuta.

I was mostly trying to relax.

Uglavnom sam pokušavao da se opustim.

My heart rate was very low

Puls mi je bio vrlo slab

and I was trying not to use very much oxygen.

i trudio sam se da ne koristim mnogo kiseonika.

You can see how the fields in the background

Vidite kako su polja u pozadini

are relatively big at this point,

relativno velika u ovom momentu

and you can see me going up and up.

i vidite me kako se penjem.

It's interesting here, because if you look,

Interesantno je, jer ako pogledate,

I'm right over the airport, and I'm probably at 50,000 feet,

tačno sam iznad aerodroma, verovatno na 15.000 metara

but immediately I'm about to go into a stratospheric wind

i upravo ću upasti u stratosferski vetar

of over 120 miles an hour.

od preko 200 km na čas.

This is my flight director telling me that I had just gone higher

Ovo je moj šef leta koji me obaveštava da sam upravo stigao

than anybody else had ever gone in a balloon,

više nego iko ikada u balonu

and I was about 4,000 feet from release.

i nalazio sam se na 1.200 metara od puštanja.

This is what it looks like.

Ovako to izgleda.

You can see the darkness of space, the curvature of the Earth,

Možete videti tamu svemira, zakrivljenost Zemlje,

the fragile planet below.

krhku planetu ispod.

I'm practicing my emergency procedures mentally right now.

Trenutno vežbam u glavi postupke u slučaju opasnosti.

If anything goes wrong, I want to be ready.

Ako nešto krene po zlu, želim da budem spreman.

And the main thing that I want to do here

Glavna stvar koju želim ovde

is to have a release and fall and stay completely stable.

je da se pustim i padnem i ostanem potpuno stabilan.

(Video) Ground control. Everyone ready?

(Video) Kontrola leta. Svi su spremni?

Five. Four. Three. Two. One.

Pet. Četiri. Tri. Dva. Jedan.

Alan Eustace: There's the balloon going by, fully inflated at this point.

Alan Justas: Eno ga balon, potpuno naduvan u ovom momentu.

And there you can see a drogue parachute, which I'll demonstrate in just a second,

A ovde možete videti kočni padobran, koji ću pokazati za sekund,

because that's really important.

jer je to veoma važno.

There's the balloon going by a second time.

Evo ga balon koji prolazi po drugi put.

Right now, I'm about at the speed of sound.

Sada sam blizu brzine zvuka.

There's nothing for me to tell it's the speed of sound,

Nema ničega što bi mi reklo da je to brzina zvuka

and very soon I will actually be as fast as I ever get,

i vrlo brzo ću dostići najveću brzinu,

822 miles an hour.

1320 kilometara na čas.

(Video) Ground control: We lost the data.

(Video snimak) Kontrola: Izgubili smo podatke.

AE: So now I'm down low right now

A.J.: Sada sam nisko

and you can basically see the parachute come out right there.

i možete videti kako se otvara padobran.

At this point, I'm very happy that there's a parachute out.

U ovom momentu sam veoma srećan što je padobran otvoren.

I thought I was the only one happy,

Mislio sam da sam samo ja srećan,

but it turns out mission control was really happy as well.

ali kontrola leta je bila takođe srećna.

The really nice thing about this is the moment I opened --

Lepa stvar u vezi sa ovim je u momentu otvaranja -

I had a close of friend of mine, Blikkies, my parachute guy.

imam vrlo bliskog prijatelja, Blikisa, mog stručnjaka za padobran.

He flew in another airplane, and he actually jumped out

On je leteo u drugom avionu iz kog je skočio

and landed right next to me.

i spustio se zajedno sa mnom.

He was my wingman on the descent.

Bio mi je pratilac na spuštanju.

This is my landing, but it's probably more properly called a crash.

Ovo je moje prizemljenje ili, bolje rečeno, sudar.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

I hate to admit it, but this wasn't even close to my worst landing.

Mrzim to da priznam, ali ovo nije uopšte bilo moje najgore sletanje.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

(Video) Man: How are you doing?

(Video snimak) Čovek: Kako si?

AE: Hi there!

A.J.: Zdravo!

Yay.

Juhu!

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So I want to tell you one thing

Želim da vam kažem jednu stvar

that you might not have seen in that video,

koju možda niste videli na snimku,

but one of the most critical parts of the entire thing was the release

ali jedan od najkritičnijih delova cele stvari bilo je otvaranje

and what happens right after you release.

i ono što se dešava odmah posle otvaranja.

And what we tried to do was use something called a drogue parachute,

Pokušali smo da upotrebimo nešto što se zove kočni padobran.

and a drogue parachute was there to stabilize me.

On je bio tu da me stabilizuje.

And I'll show you one of those right now.

Pokazaću vam jedan sada.

If any of you have ever gone tandem skydiving,

Ako je neko nekad skakao u tandemu,

you probably used one of these.

verovatno je koristio jedan ovakav.

But the problem with one of these things

Ali problem sa njim

is right when you release, you're in zero gravity.

je to što kad ga otvorite, nalazite se u nultoj gravitaciji

So it's very easy for this to just turn right around you.

i vrlo lako može da se obmota oko vas.

And before you know it, you can be tangled up or spinning,

I u trenutku se možete upetljati ili početi da se vrtite

or you can release this drogue late,

ili možete otvoriti kočni padobran kasno,

in which case what happens is you're going down at 800 miles an hour,

prilikom čega se dešava da padate 1300 km na čas

and this thing is going to destroy itself

i ovaj padobran će se uništiti

and not be very useful.

i neće biti od koristi.

But the guys at United Parachute Technologies came up with this idea,

Ali u "United Parachute Technologies"-u su smislili sledeću stvar,

and it was a roll that looks like that,

a to je rolna koja izgleda ovako,

but watch what happens when I pull it out.

ali gledajte šta se dešava kad je izvučem.

It's forming a pipe.

Formira se cev.

This pipe is so solid

Ova cev je tako čvrsta

that you can take this drogue parachute and wrap it around,

da možete uzeti i vrteti ovaj kočni padobran

and there's no way it will ever tangle with you.

i uopšte nema šanse da se obmota oko vas.

And that prevented a very serious potential problem.

To je rešilo vrlo ozbiljan potencijalni problem.

So nothing is possible without an amazing team of people.

Tako da ništa nije moguće bez sjajne ekipe ljudi.

The core of this was about 20 people

Jezgro grupe je činilo oko 20 ljudi

that worked on this for the three years,

koji su radili na ovome tri godine

and they were incredible.

i bili su neverovatni.

People asked me what the best part of this whole thing was,

Pitali su me šta je bilo najbolje od svega ovoga.

and it was a chance to work with the best experts

To je bila mogućnost da radim s najboljim stručnjacima

in meteorology and ballooning and parachute technology

za meteorologiju i balone i padobransku tehnologiju,

and environmental systems and high altitude medicine.

za sisteme životne sredine i medicinu na velikim visinama.

It was fantastic. It's an engineer's dream to work with that group of people.

Bilo je fantastično. Inženjerski san je raditi s takvom grupom ljudi.

And I also at the same time wanted to thank my friends at Google,

I u isto vreme bih želeo da zahvalim svojim prijateljima u Guglu

both for supporting me during this effort

za podršku u ovom poduhvatu

and also covering for me in the times that I was away.

kao i za to što su me pokrivali kad nisam bio tu.

But there's one other group I wanted to thank, and that's my family.

Ali tu je i druga grupa kojoj sam hteo da se zahvalim, moja porodica.

Yay.

Jee!

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

I would constantly give them speeches about the safety of technology,

Stalno sam im držao govore o bezbednosti tehnologije,

and they weren't hearing any of it.

ali oni nisu slušali ništa od toga.

It was super hard on them,

Bilo im je izuzetno teško

and the only reason that my wife put up with it

i jedini razlog što je moja žena izdržala

was because I came back incredibly happy after each of the 250 tests,

je to što sam se vraćao neverovatno srećan posle svake od 250 proba

and she didn't want to take that away from me.

i nije želela da mi uskrati to.

So I want to close with a story.

I da zaključim priču.

My daughter Katelyn, my 15-year-old, she and I were in the car,

Moja ćerka Kejtlin, 15-godišnjakinja, i ja, bili smo u kolima

and we were driving down the road, and she was sitting there,

i vozili se i ona je sedela tamo

and she had this idea, and she goes, "Dad, I've got this idea."

i dobila je ideju, rekla je: "Tata, imam ideju."

And so I listened to her idea and I said, "Katelyn, that's impossible."

Saslušao sam njenu ideju i rekao: "Kejtlin, to je nemoguće."

And she looks at me

Pogledala me je

and she goes, "Dad, after what you just did,

i rekla: "Tata, posle onoga što si uradio,

how can you call anything impossible?"

kako možeš da kažeš za nešto da je nemoguće?"

And I laughed, and I said, "OK, it's not impossible,

Nasmejao sam se i rekao: "U redu, nije nemoguće,

it's just very, very hard."

samo je mnogo, mnogo teško."

And then I paused for a second, and I said, "Katelyn,

Zatim sam napravio pauzu na sekund i rekao: "Kejtlin,

it may not be impossible, it may not even be very, very hard,

možda nije nemoguće, možda nije ni mnogo teško,

it's just that I don't know how to do it."

samo ja ne znam kako to da uradim."

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)