Rodney Brooks: Why we will rely on robots

194,811 views ・ 2013-06-28

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Hayoung Lee κ²€ν† : 희상 κ°•
00:13
Well, Arthur C. Clarke,
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아더 C. ν΄λ½μ΄λΌλŠ”
00:14
a famous science fiction writer from the 1950s,
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1950λ…„λŒ€μ˜ 유λͺ…ν•œ 곡상 κ³Όν•™ μž‘κ°€λŠ”
00:17
said that, "We overestimate technology in the short term,
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"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹¨κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ³Όν•™ κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ³ΌλŒ€ ν‰κ°€ν•˜κ³ ,
00:21
and we underestimate it in the long term."
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μž₯κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ³Όμ†Œ ν‰κ°€ν•œλ‹€." 라고 λ§ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
00:24
And I think that's some of the fear that we see
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이런 λ‘λ €μ›€μ˜ μΌλΆ€λŠ” 인곡 지λŠ₯κ³Ό λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄
00:26
about jobs disappearing from artificial intelligence and robots.
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μ‚¬λΌμ§€λŠ” μΌμžλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
That we're overestimating the technology in the short term.
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λ°”λ‘œ "λ‹¨κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ³Όν•™ κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ³ΌλŒ€ ν‰κ°€ν•œλ‹€"λŠ” 점 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ”, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μž₯기적으둜 ν•„μš”ν•œ κ³Όν•™ κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ°€μ§€κ²Œ 될지 κ±±μ •λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
But I am worried whether we're going to get the technology we need in the long term.
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00:39
Because the demographics are really going to leave us with lots of jobs that need doing
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인ꡬ ν†΅κ³„μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 보면 수 λ§Žμ€ ν•  일듀이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 있고,
00:45
and that we, our society, is going to have to be built on the shoulders of steel of robots in the future.
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우리 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ λ―Έλž˜λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ˜ κ°•μ²  어깨에 λ‹¬λ €μžˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
So I'm scared we won't have enough robots.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ 갖지 λͺ»ν• κΉŒλ΄ λ‘λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
But fear of losing jobs to technology has been around for a long time.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 기술의 λ°œμ „μœΌλ‘œ 인해 κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” μΌμžλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 곡포도 였래 μ „λΆ€ν„° μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
00:57
Back in 1957, there was a Spencer Tracy, Katharine Hepburn movie.
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1957년에 μŠ€νŽœμ„œ νŠΈλ ˆμ΄μ‹œμ™€ μΌ€μ„œλ¦° ν–…λ²ˆμ΄ λ‚˜μ˜¨ μ˜ν™”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:01
So you know how it ended up,
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μ˜ν™”μ˜ 결말을 μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€μš”.
01:03
Spencer Tracy brought a computer, a mainframe computer of 1957, in
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μŠ€νŽœμ„œ νŠΈλ ˆμ΄μ‹œλŠ” μ‚¬μ„œλ₯Ό 돕기 μœ„ν•΄ 1957λ…„μ˜ 메인 ν”„λ ˆμž„ 컴퓨터λ₯Ό
01:07
to help the librarians.
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κ΅¬λ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
The librarians in the company would do things like answer for the executives,
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νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ μ‚¬μ„œλ“€μ€ κ²½μ˜μ§„λ“€μ˜ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜λŠ” 일을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
κ°€λ Ή, "산타가 νƒ€λŠ” 순둝의 이름이 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?" 라고 물으면
01:13
"What are the names of Santa's reindeer?"
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01:16
And they would look that up.
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그듀은 μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ§€μš”.
01:17
And this mainframe computer was going to help them with that job.
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그리고 이 메인 ν”„λ ˆμž„ 컴퓨터가 κ·Έ 일을 λ•λŠ” μ—­ν• μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Well of course a mainframe computer in 1957 wasn't much use for that job.
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사싀 1957λ…„μ˜ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λŠ” 그런 일에 그닀지 μ“Έλͺ¨κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
The librarians were afraid their jobs were going to disappear.
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μ‚¬μ„œλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 직업이 μ‚¬λΌμ§ˆκΉŒλ΄ λ‘λ €μ›Œν–ˆμ£ .
01:27
But that's not what happened in fact.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그런 일은 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
The number of jobs for librarians increased for a long time after 1957.
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였히렀 1957λ…„ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ μ‚¬μ„œμ˜ μΌμžλ¦¬λŠ” μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
It wasn't until the Internet came into play,
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인터넷이 생기기 μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ” λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
the web came into play and search engines came into play
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웹이 λ“±μž₯ν•˜κ³  검색 엔진이 λ‚˜μ˜€κ³ λ‚˜μ„œμ•Ό
01:40
that the need for librarians went down.
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μ‚¬μ„œμ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μš”κ°€ μ€„μ–΄λ“€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
01:42
And I think everyone from 1957 totally underestimated
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μ €λŠ” 1957λ…„λŒ€μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:46
the level of technology we would all carry around in our hands and in our pockets today.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν˜„μž¬ ν˜Έμ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ— λ„£κ³  λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” 기술의 μˆ˜μ€€μ„ κ³Όμ†Œ ν‰κ°€ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
And we can just ask: "What are the names of Santa's reindeer?" and be told instantly --
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 산타가 νƒ€λŠ” 순둝의 이름을 묻고 λ°”λ‘œ λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ 얻을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
or anything else we want to ask.
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그리고 κ·Έ 외에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 묻고 싢은 λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒλ„μš”.
01:59
By the way, the wages for librarians went up faster
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그런데, κ·Έ κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆμ— λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 직업에 λΉ„ν•΄
02:04
than the wages for other jobs in the U.S. over that same time period,
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μ‚¬μ„œλ“€μ˜ 연봉은 더 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ˜¬λΌκ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ‚¬μ„œλ“€μ΄ 컴퓨터와 λ™λ°˜μžκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:08
because librarians became partners of computers.
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02:11
Computers became tools, and they got more tools that they could use
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μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λŠ” 도ꡬ가 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 도ꡬ가 더 λŠ˜μ€ 것이죠.
02:14
and become more effective during that time.
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또 λ”μš± 효과적으둜 일을 ν•  수있게 된 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
Same thing happened in offices.
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사무싀에도 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
Back in the old days, people used spreadsheets.
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과거에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 쒅이 μœ„μ— ν‘œ 계산(μŠ€ν”„λ ˆλ“œμ‹œνŠΈ)을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Spreadsheets were spread sheets of paper,
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ν‘œ κ³„μ‚°μ΄λž€ 쒅이λ₯Ό 펼쳐 λ†“μ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 뜻이죠,
02:22
and they calculated by hand.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 그것을 직접 μ†μœΌλ‘œ κ³„μ‚°ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
02:25
But here was an interesting thing that came along.
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ν•œκ°€μ§€ ν₯미둜운 점은
02:27
With the revolution around 1980 of P.C.'s,
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1980λ…„λŒ€μ˜ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ˜ λ°œμ „κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜
02:29
the spreadsheet programs were tuned for office workers,
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μŠ€ν”„λ ˆλ“œμ‹œνŠΈ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ 사무직 λ…Έλ™μžλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
not to replace office workers,
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사무직 λ…Έλ™μžλ“€μ„ λŒ€μ‹ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:36
but it respected office workers as being capable of being programmers.
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였히렀 그듀을 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ¨Έλ‘œ λ°›μ•„λ“€μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
02:40
So office workers became programmers of spreadsheets.
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사무직 λ…Έλ™μžλ“€μ΄ μŠ€ν”„λ ˆλ“œμ‹œνŠΈ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ¨Έκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
It increased their capabilities.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯이 ν–₯μƒλœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
They no longer had to do the mundane computations,
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더 이상 μ§€λ£¨ν•œ 계산은 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„ 되고,
02:48
but they could do something much more.
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더 λ§Žμ€ 일을 ν•  수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€..
02:51
Now today, we're starting to see robots in our lives.
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  일상 μƒν™œμ— λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ λ“±μž₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
On the left there is the PackBot from iRobot.
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μ™Όμͺ½μ—λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ νŒ©λ΄‡(PackBot)이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
When soldiers came across roadside bombs in Iraq and Afghanistan,
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이라크와 μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„μ—μ„œ 병사듀이 κΈΈκ°€μ—μ„œ 폭탄을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
03:00
instead of putting on a bomb suit and going out and poking with a stick,
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2002λ…„κΉŒμ§€λŠ” 그랬던 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ°©ν˜Έλ³΅μ„ μž…κ³ 
03:04
as they used to do up until about 2002,
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λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ‘œ μ°”λŸ¬λ³΄λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
03:06
they now send the robot out.
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μ΄μ œλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ λ‚΄λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
So the robot takes over the dangerous jobs.
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그러면 λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ 일듀을 λŒ€μ‹ ν•΄ μ£Όμ§€μš”.
03:10
On the right are some TUGs from a company called Aethon in Pittsburgh.
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였λ₯Έμͺ½μ—λŠ” 피츠버그에 μžˆλŠ” 에톀사(η€Ύ)의 ν„°κ·Έ(TUG)κ°€ λͺ‡ λŒ€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
These are in hundreds of hospitals across the U.S.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ „μ—­μ—λŠ” 수백 개의 병원듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
And they take the dirty sheets down to the laundry.
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이 λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ΄ λ”λŸ¬μš΄ μ‹œνŠΈλ“€μ„ μ„Ένƒμ‹€λ‘œ 가지고 κ°€κ³ ,
03:20
They take the dirty dishes back to the kitchen.
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λ”λŸ¬μš΄ 섀거지 거리듀을 주방으둜 가지고 κ°€κ³ ,
03:21
They bring the medicines up from the pharmacy.
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μ•½μ œμ‹€μ—μ„œ 약을 가지고 μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
And it frees up the nurses and the nurse's aides
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κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬λ“€μ΄ κΈ°κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 물건을 λ‚˜λ₯΄λŠ”
03:26
from doing that mundane work of just mechanically pushing stuff around
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μ§€λ£¨ν•œ μΌλ“€λ‘œ λΆ€ν„° ν•΄λ°©μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
03:30
to spend more time with patients.
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ν™˜μžλ“€κ³Ό 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보낼 수있게 ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
In fact, robots have become sort of ubiquitous in our lives in many ways.
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사싀 λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ 우리 μ‚Άμ—μ„œ 맀우 ν”ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
03:37
But I think when it comes to factory robots, people are sort of afraid,
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μ‚°μ—…μš© λ‘œλ΄‡μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μΌμ’…μ˜ 두렀움 κ°™μ€κ²Œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
because factory robots are dangerous to be around.
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μ‚°μ—…μš© λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ κ°€κΉŒμ΄ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” μœ„ν—˜ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
03:46
In order to program them, you have to understand six-dimensional vectors and quaternions.
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6차원 벑터와 4μ›μˆ˜λ₯Ό 이해해야 κ·Έ λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ„ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ°ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
And ordinary people can't interact with them.
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그리고 보톡 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 기계와 μ†Œν†΅ν• μˆ˜μ—†μ£ .
03:54
And I think it's the sort of technology that's gone wrong.
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μ €λŠ” 이런 기술이 잘λͺ»λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
It's displaced the worker from the technology.
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이런 것듀이 λ…Έλ™μžλ₯Ό κΈ°μˆ λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ©€μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
And I think we really have to look at technologies
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν‰λ²”ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ„
04:04
that ordinary workers can interact with.
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μ†Œν†΅ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ— μ‹œμ„ μ„ 두어야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
And so I want to tell you today about Baxter, which we've been talking about.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ Έλ˜ λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
And Baxter, I see, as a way -- a first wave of robot
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μ €λŠ” λ²‘μŠ€ν„°κ°€ μ‚°μ—… ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ ν‰λ²”ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ„
04:14
that ordinary people can interact with in an industrial setting.
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μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 첫 번째 μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:18
So Baxter is up here.
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μ—¬κΈ° λ²‘μŠ€ν„°κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
This is Chris Harbert from Rethink Robotics.
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이뢄은 리씽크 λ‘œλ³΄ν‹±μŠ€μ‚¬(η€Ύ)의 크리슀 ν•˜λ²„νŠΈ μ”¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
We've got a conveyor there.
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μ €κΈ° 컨베이어가 있고,
04:24
And if the lighting isn't too extreme --
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그리고 μ‘°λͺ…이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ°•ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λ©΄ --
04:27
Ah, ah! There it is. It's picked up the object off the conveyor.
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μ˜³μ§€, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ . μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ»¨λ² μ΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ 물건을 집어 올렀,
04:31
It's going to come bring it over here and put it down.
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μ—¬κΈ°λ‘œ 가지고 μ™€μ„œ λ‚΄λ € 놓을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:34
And then it'll go back, reach for another object.
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그리고 λ˜λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 물건을 μ°ΎμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:37
The interesting thing is Baxter has some basic common sense.
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ν₯미둜운 점은 λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ—κ²Œ 기본적인 상식이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:41
By the way, what's going on with the eyes?
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그런데, λˆˆμ—μ„œλŠ” 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
04:43
The eyes are on the screen there.
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λˆˆμ€ μ €κΈ°μ˜ 화면에 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” λ°©ν–₯으둜 μ‹œμ„ μ΄ κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
The eyes look ahead where the robot's going to move.
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04:47
So a person that's interacting with the robot
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€
04:49
understands where it's going to reach and isn't surprised by its motions.
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³ , λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ— 놀라지 μ•Šμ§€μš”.
04:53
Here Chris took the object out of its hand,
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μ—¬κΈ° ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ 물건을 λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ˜ μ†μ—μ„œ λΉΌμ•˜μ•˜λŠ”λ°,
04:55
and Baxter didn't go and try to put it down;
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λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” κ°€μ„œ 물건을 λ‚΄λ €λ†“μœΌλ € ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ ,
04:58
it went back and realized it had to get another one.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λŒμ•„κ°€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 물건을 집어와야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹«μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
It's got a little bit of basic common sense, goes and picks the objects.
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κ°€μ„œ 물건을 집어와야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 기본적을 상식을 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 것이죠.
05:03
And Baxter's safe to interact with.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 인간과 μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ§€μš”.
05:05
You wouldn't want to do this with a current industrial robot.
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ν˜„μž¬μ˜ μ‚°μ—…μš© λ‘œλ΄‡κ³ΌλŠ” 이런 일을 ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šμ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
But with Baxter it doesn't hurt.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λΌλ©΄ λ‹€μΉ  일은 μ—†μ§€μš”.
05:10
It feels the force, understands that Chris is there
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λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” νž˜μ„ κ°μ§€ν•˜κ³ μ„  ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 인지해
05:14
and doesn't push through him and hurt him.
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λ°€μ–΄κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹€μΉ˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:17
But I think the most interesting thing about Baxter is the user interface.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ ν₯미둜운 점은 μ‚¬μš©μž μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:20
And so Chris is going to come and grab the other arm now.
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자 이제 ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ κ°€μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ νŒ”μ„ μž‘μ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:23
And when he grabs an arm, it goes into zero-force gravity-compensated mode
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κ·Έκ°€ νŒ”μ„ 작자 λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” 무쀑λ ₯ 보상 λͺ¨λ“œλ‘œ λ³€ν•˜κ³ 
05:29
and graphics come up on the screen.
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κ·Έλž˜ν”½μ΄ 화면에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
You can see some icons on the left of the screen there for what was about its right arm.
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슀크린 μ™Όμͺ½μ˜ μ•„μ΄μ½˜λ“€μ΄ 였λ₯ΈνŒ”에 무슨 일이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν‘œμ‹œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:35
He's going to put something in its hand, he's going to bring it over here,
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ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ 물건을 λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ˜ 손에 μ₯μ–΄μ£Όκ³ ,
이μͺ½μœΌλ‘œ 데리고 온 λ’€ λ²„νŠΌμ„ 눌러 물건을 λ†“κ²Œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:39
press a button and let go of that thing in the hand.
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05:43
And the robot figures out, ah, he must mean I want to put stuff down.
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그러면 λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ μžμ‹ μ΄ 물건을 λ‚΄λ € 놓아야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
It puts a little icon there.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ•„μ΄μ½˜μ„ ν‘œμ‹œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
He comes over here, and he gets the fingers to grasp together,
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κ·Έκ°€ 이리둜 μ™€μ„œ, λ²‘μŠ€ν„°μ˜ 손을 λͺ¨μœΌλ©΄
05:55
and the robot infers, ah, you want an object for me to pick up.
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λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” "μ•„, λ‚΄κ°€ 집은 것을 μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ±°κ΅°μš”." 라고 μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
That puts the green icon there.
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그러면 녹색 μ•„μ΄μ½˜μ΄ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
He's going to map out an area of where the robot should pick up the object from.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ²‘μŠ€ν„°κ°€ μ–΄λ””μ„œ 물건을 집을지 μ§€μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
It just moves it around, and the robot figures out that was an area search.
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λ²‘μŠ€ν„°λŠ” 움직이며 κ·Έ μž‘μ—…μ΄ 곧 지역 νƒμƒ‰μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
He didn't have to select that from a menu.
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λ©”λ‰΄μ—μ„œ κ³ λ₯Ό ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
And now he's going to go off and train the visual appearance of that object
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그리고 이제 κ·Έ 물건의 외관을 μΈμ‹ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:16
while we continue talking.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이야기 ν•  λ™μ•ˆ 말이죠.
06:18
So as we continue here,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κ³„μ†ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ”
06:20
I want to tell you about what this is like in factories.
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이런 일듀이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:22
These robots we're shipping every day.
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이 λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ„ 맀일
06:23
They go to factories around the country.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ „μ—­μ˜ 곡μž₯λ“€λ‘œ λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:25
This is Mildred.
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이 뢄은 λ°€λ“œλ ˆλ“œμ”¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:26
Mildred's a factory worker in Connecticut.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ½”λ„€ν‹°μ»·μ˜ 곡μž₯ λ…Έλ™μžλ‘œ
06:28
She's worked on the line for over 20 years.
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ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ 20년을 λ„˜κ²Œ μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‚°μ—…μš© λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ 처음 λ³Έ ν•œμ‹œκ°„ λ§Œμ—
06:31
One hour after she saw her first industrial robot,
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06:33
she had programmed it to do some tasks in the factory.
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곡μž₯μ—μ„œ ν•  일듀을 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:37
She decided she really liked robots.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ 정말 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:39
And it was doing the simple repetitive tasks that she had had to do beforehand.
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그리고 이 λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ ν•΄μ˜€λ˜, κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ³  반볡적인 일듀을 ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:44
Now she's got the robot doing it.
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이제 λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λŒ€μ‹ ν•΄ μΌν•˜λŠ”κ±°μ£ 
06:45
When we first went out to talk to people in factories
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 처음 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
06:48
about how we could get robots to interact with them better,
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더 잘 μ†Œν†΅ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆŒ λ•Œ
06:51
one of the questions we asked them was,
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ "λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μžλ…€κ°€ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κΈ° μ›ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
라고 묻자 λͺ¨λ‘λ“€,
06:53
"Do you want your children to work in a factory?"
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06:55
The universal answer was "No, I want a better job than that for my children."
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"μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, λ‚΄ 아이듀은 더 쒋은 직업을 κ°–κΈΈ μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€" λΌλ”κ΅°μš”.
06:59
And as a result of that, Mildred is very typical
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κ·Έ 결과둜 λ°€λ“œλ ˆλ“œλŠ” λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯
07:03
of today's factory workers in the U.S.
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λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ 곡μž₯ λ…Έλ™μžκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:04
They're older, and they're getting older and older.
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그듀은 λŠ™μ—ˆκ³  그리고 더 λŠ™μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:07
There aren't many young people coming into factory work.
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이제 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€μ€ λ§Žμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일은 더 νž˜λ“€μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
07:10
And as their tasks become more onerous on them,
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07:13
we need to give them tools that they can collaborate with,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν•¨κ»˜ 일할 수 μžˆλŠ” 도ꡬλ₯Ό μ£Όμ–΄μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:16
so that they can be part of the solution,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 그듀이 ν•΄κ²° λ°©μ•ˆμ˜ 일뢀가 λ˜μ–΄
ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν•˜κ³  λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 생산을 지속할 수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
so that they can continue to work and we can continue to produce in the U.S.
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07:22
And so our vision is that Mildred who's the line worker
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그리고 우리의 λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” ν˜„μž₯ μž‘μ—…μžμΈ λ°€λ“œλ ˆλ“œκ°€
07:26
becomes Mildred the robot trainer.
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λ‘œλ΄‡ νŠΈλ ˆμ΄λ„ˆκ°€ λ˜λŠ”κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:29
She lifts her game,
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1980λ…„λŒ€μ˜ 사무직 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄,
07:30
like the office workers of the 1980s lifted their game of what they could do.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 일을 λ°œμ „μ‹œν‚¨ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ°œμ „ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
We're not giving them tools that they have to go and study for years and years in order to use.
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λͺ‡ λ…„μ”© 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό μ“Έ 수 μžˆλŠ” 도ꡬλ₯Ό μ£ΌλŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
λͺ‡ λΆ„λ§Œμ— μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 법을 배울 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:40
They're tools that they can just learn how to operate in a few minutes.
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07:43
There's two great forces that are both volitional but inevitable.
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ² μ˜λ„μ μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ³  또 ν”Όν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 두가지 힘이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
That's climate change and demographics.
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κΈ°ν›„ 변화와 인ꡬ λ³€ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
Demographics is really going to change our world.
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인ꡬ의 λ³€ν™”λŠ” 우리의 세상을 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”κΏ€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
This is the percentage of adults who are working age.
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이것은 노동 μ—°λ Ήμ˜ 성인 λΉ„μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
And it's gone down slightly over the last 40 years.
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μ§€λ‚œ 40λ…„κ°„ 이 μˆ˜μΉ˜λŠ” 쑰금 λ‚΄λ €κ°”μ§€λ§Œ,
λ‹€μŒ 40λ…„ λ™μ•ˆμ€ 극적으둜 λ³€ν™”ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 심지어 μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œλ„ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
But over the next 40 years, it's going to change dramatically, even in China.
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노동 μ—°λ Ήμ—μ„œ μ„±μΈμ˜ 비쀑이 극적으둜 떨어지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
The percentage of adults who are working age drops dramatically.
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08:08
And turned up the other way, the people who are retirement age goes up very, very fast,
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그리고 베이비 뢐 μ„ΈλŒ€κ°€ 노후에 λ“€μ–΄μ„œλ©΄μ„œ κ·Έ λΉ„μœ¨μ€
08:13
as the baby boomers get to retirement age.
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맀우 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ˜¬λΌκ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:17
That means there will be more people with fewer social security dollars
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즉 볡지 ν˜œνƒμ„ 적게 λ°›λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
08:20
competing for services.
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일을 놓고 κ²½μŸν•  κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
But more than that, as we get older we get more frail
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, κ·Έ 무엇보닀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŠ™μ–΄κ°€λ©΄μ„œ 더 노쇠해지고,
08:27
and we can't do all the tasks we used to do.
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κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ ν•΄μ˜€λ˜ 일듀을 ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
If we look at the statistics on the ages of caregivers,
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μ‚¬νšŒ λ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ˜ μ—°λ Ή 톡계 자료λ₯Ό 보면,
08:33
before our eyes those caregivers are getting older and older.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 연령이 점점 높아지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
That's happening statistically right now.
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ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
And as the number of people who are older, above retirement age and getting older, as they increase,
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퇴직 연령을 λ„˜κΈ΄ 인ꡬ가 λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚˜λ©΄μ„œ,
08:46
there will be less people to take care of them.
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이듀을 돌볼 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μˆ«μžλŠ” 쀄어듀 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
And I think we're really going to have to have robots to help us.
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μ΄μ œλŠ” 우리λ₯Ό λ„μšΈ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ™λ°˜μžλ‘œμ¨μ˜ λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
08:51
And I don't mean robots in terms of companions.
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08:53
I mean robots doing the things that we normally do for ourselves
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‰μ†Œμ— ν•˜λŠ” μΌλ“€μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ©΄μ„œ
08:57
but get harder as we get older.
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점점 νž˜λ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 일듀을 λŒλ΄μ£ΌλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:58
Getting the groceries in from the car, up the stairs, into the kitchen.
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μž₯을 보고 였면 짐을 μ°¨μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° 계단을 올라 주방으둜 λ‚˜λ₯΄λŠ” 일 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν˜Ήμ€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 λŠ™μœΌλ©΄,
09:02
Or even, as we get very much older,
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09:04
driving our cars to go visit people.
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μ™ΈμΆœν•  λ•Œ μš΄μ „μ„ ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” 일도 해쀄 수 μžˆμ§€μš”.
09:07
And I think robotics gives people a chance to have dignity as they get older
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μ €λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ©°
09:13
by having control of the robotic solution.
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λ‘œλ΄‡ 기술의 도움을 톡해 쑴엄성을 지킬 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
So they don't have to rely on people that are getting scarcer to help them.
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노인듀이 κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” λ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ μ˜μ§€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„ λ˜λ„λ‘ λ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
09:20
And so I really think that we're going to be spending more time
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ²‘μŠ€ν„°κ°™μ€ λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보내고
09:27
with robots like Baxter
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λ²‘μŠ€ν„°κ°™μ€ λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό
09:29
and working with robots like Baxter in our daily lives. And that we will --
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ν‰μ†Œμ— ν•¨κ»˜ 일해야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
Here, Baxter, it's good.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” -- 어이 λ²‘μŠ€ν„°, μž˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄
09:38
And that we will all come to rely on robots over the next 40 years
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그리고 우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” ν–₯ν›„ 40λ…„ μ•ˆμ— μƒν™œμ˜ μΌλΆ€λ‘œμ¨
09:43
as part of our everyday lives.
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λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ˜μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:45
Thanks very much.
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λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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