Toby Eccles: Invest in social change

78,912 views ใƒป 2013-12-02

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gemma Lee
00:12
I'm here today to talk about social change,
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
not a new therapy or a new intervention
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
00:19
or a new way of working with kids or something like that,
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ํ˜น์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ต์œก์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ
00:21
but a new business model for social change,
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ชจ๋ธ,
00:24
a new way of tackling the problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
In Britain, 63 percent of all men
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๋ณต์—ญ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ 
00:31
who come out of short sentences from prison
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์ถœ์†Œํ•œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ 63 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
00:35
re-offend again within a year.
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์ถœ์†Œ 1๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Now how many previous offenses
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
00:40
do you think they have on average
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์ „๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ก์€
00:42
managed to commit?
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๋ช‡ ๊ฑด์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
00:45
Forty-three.
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43 ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
And how many previous times do you think they've been in prison?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์˜ฅํ˜•์„ ์‚ด์•˜์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:50
Seven.
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7๋ฒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
So we went to talk to the Ministry of Justice,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
00:54
and we said to the Ministry of Justice,
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
what's it worth to you
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
00:59
if fewer of these guys re-offend?
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์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:01
It's got to be worth something, right?
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๋ถ„๋ช… ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
01:03
I mean, there's prison costs,
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ๋ณต์—ญ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ,
01:05
there's police costs, there's court costs,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๋ฒ•์›์˜ ๋น„์šฉ,
01:08
all these things that you're spending money on
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ˆ์„ ๋‹ค ์žฌ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์—
01:11
to deal with these guys. What's it worth?
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์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:14
Now, of course, we care about the social value.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Social Finance, the organization I helped set up,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์„ ๋„์šด '์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธˆ์œต' ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ฒด๋Š”
01:20
cares about social stuff.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
But we wanted to make the economic case,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
because if we could make the economic case,
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์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉด
01:27
then the value of doing this would be completely compelling.
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๊ทธ ์ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
And if we can agree on both a value
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์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:33
and a way of measuring whether we've been
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์ฆ‰ ์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
01:35
successful at reducing that re-offending,
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๊ทธ ์„ฑ๊ณต๋ฅ ์„ ์ธก๋Ÿ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:38
then we can do something
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์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์„
01:40
we think rather interesting.
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์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
The idea is called the social impact bond.
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'์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ' ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Now, the social impact bond is simply saying,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์€
01:48
if we can get the government to agree,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ถ€์™€์˜ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์—
01:50
that we can create a contract where
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์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ์–ด
01:53
they only pay if it worked.
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์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
So that means that they can try out new stuff
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„
01:59
without the embarrassment
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์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
of having to pay if it didn't work,
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์‹คํŒจํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ˆ์„ ๋‚ ๋ฆด ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์—†์ฃ .
02:03
which for still quite a lot of bits of government,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฑด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ด๊ณ 
02:05
that's a serious issue.
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์ด๊ฑด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Now, many of you may have noticed
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์ด์ฏค์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด
02:08
there's a problem at this point,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
and that is that it takes a long time to measure
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ
02:11
whether those outcomes have happened.
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๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
So we have to raise some money.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ผ๋‹จ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋ชจ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
We use the contract to raise money
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
02:20
from socially motivated investors.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Socially motivated investors:
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋ผ,
02:24
there's an interesting idea, right?
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ฃ ?
02:27
But actually, there's a lot of people who,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
if they're given the chance,
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๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:30
would love to invest in something
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์—
02:32
that does social good.
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ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ธฐ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ง€์š”.
02:35
And here's the opportunity.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
Do you want to also help government find
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„
02:39
whether there's a better economic model,
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์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
not just leaving these guys to come out of prison
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์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋Ÿฌ
02:44
and waiting till they re-offend and putting them back in again,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:47
but actually working with them
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก,
02:48
to move to a different path
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๋˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํšŸ์ˆ˜์™€
02:50
to end up with fewer crimes
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ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
02:52
and fewer victims?
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์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
02:54
So we find some investors,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ 
02:57
and they pay for a set of services,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌ์ž๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ถฉ๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
and if those services are successful,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด๋ฉด,
03:02
then they improve outcomes,
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์ฆ‰ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์ง„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:04
and with those measured reductions in re-offending,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:07
government saves money,
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
03:08
and with those savings,
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์ ˆ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ
03:09
they can pay outcomes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ์น˜๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
And the investors do not just get their money back,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ฐ›์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:14
but they make a return.
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์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
So in March 2010, we signed
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 2010๋…„ 3์›” ์ €ํฌ๋Š”
03:18
the first social impact bond
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์˜๊ตญ ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€์™€
03:20
with the Ministry of Justice
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์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์„ ๊ณ„์•ฝํ•ด
03:22
around Peterborough Prison.
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ํ”ผํ„ฐ๋ณด๋กœ ๊ต๋„์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
It was to work with 3,000 offenders
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์•ฝ 3์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค์„
03:27
split into three cohorts of 1,000 each.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ฒœ ๋ช…์”ฉ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Now, each of those cohorts
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210748
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
03:32
would get measured over the two years
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1831
์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
03:34
that they were coming out of prison.
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1202
์ถ”์ ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
They've got to have a year to commit their crimes,
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ 1๋…„,
03:37
six months to get through the court system,
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์‚ฌ๋ฒ• ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ 6๊ฐœ์›”์„ ๋‘” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:40
and then they would be compared to a group
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2๋…„ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก์—์„œ
03:42
taken from the police national computer,
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2068
๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๊ณผ
03:44
as similar as possible,
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1827
๋น„๊ต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
and we would get paid
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๋งŒ์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
03:48
providing we achieved a hurdle rate of 10-percent reduction,
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์žฌ๋ฒ”๋ฅ ์ด 10 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ด์ƒ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
for every conviction event that didn't happen.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์œ ์ฃ„ ์„ ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด์ง€์š”.
03:54
So we get paid for crimes saved.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์Œ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Now if we achieved that 10-percent reduction
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ
04:02
across all three cohorts,
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์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์„ 10 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:03
then the investors get a seven and a half percent
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ธˆ์•ก์˜
04:06
annualized return on their investment,
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246947
2143
7.5 ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
and if we do better than that,
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์žฌ๋ฒ”์œจ์ด ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด
04:10
they can get up to 13 percent
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 13ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜
04:12
annualized return on their investment,
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์ˆ˜์ต์œจ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
which is okay.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ง€์š”.
04:16
So everyone wins here, right?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์Šน์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€์š”?
04:20
The Ministry of Justice can try out a new program
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๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์‹œ์—๋งŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
04:22
and they only pay if it works.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:25
Investors get two opportunities:
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
for the first time, they can invest in social change.
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์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํˆฌ์žํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ์™€
04:30
Also, they make a reasonable return,
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๊ฝค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ด์œค์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
and they also know that
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๊ทธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
04:34
first investors in these kinds of things,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:37
they're going to have to believers.
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๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
They're going to have to care in the social program,
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
but if this builds a track record
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ 5๋…„์ด๋‚˜ 10๋…„
04:42
over five or 10 years,
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์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์Œ“์ด๋ฉด
04:44
then you can widen that investor community
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:46
as more people have confidence in the product.
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ํญ์„ ๋„“ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
The service providers, well, for the first time,
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ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ
04:51
they've got an opportunity to provide services
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:53
and grow the evidence for what they're doing
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„
04:56
in a really constructive way and learn
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์ •๋ง ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ธฐํšŒ,
04:58
and demonstrate the value of what they're doing
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๋˜ ๊ทธ ์ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ
05:00
over five or six years, not just one or two
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ 1-2๋…„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
05:02
as often happens at the moment.
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5๋…„, 6๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ž…์ฆํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Society wins: fewer crimes, fewer victims.
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋„ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ์ค„๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ์ค„๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Now, the offenders, they also benefit.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค๋„ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Instead of just coming out of the prison
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋‚ 
05:12
with 46 pounds in their pocket,
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์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ž‘ 46 ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
05:14
half of them not knowing where they're spending
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์ถœ์†Œ์ž ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ๊ทธ๋‚ ๋ฐค์„
05:15
their first night out of jail,
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์–ด๋””์„œ ์ง€๋‚ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
05:17
actually, someone meets them in prison,
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์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์ƒํ™œ ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜
05:20
learns about their issues,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
05:22
meets them at the gate,
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์ถœ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚  ๊ต๋„์†Œ ๋ฌธ ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
05:24
takes them through to somewhere to stay,
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๋ฌต์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ™์†Œ๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
connects them to benefits, connects them to employment,
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์ •๋ถ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์ทจ์ง ๊ธฐํšŒ,
05:29
drug rehabilitation, mental health,
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๋งˆ์•ฝ ์ค‘๋… ์žฌํ™œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ, ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•,
05:31
whatever's needed.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
So let's think of another example:
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
05:36
working with children in care.
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๋ณด์œก์‹œ์„ค ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์š”.
05:37
Social impact bonds work great
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์€
05:39
for any area where there is at the moment
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ
05:42
very expensive provision that produces
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์€ ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š”
05:44
poor outcomes for people.
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๋ถ„์•ผ๋“ค์—์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
So children in the state care
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1914
๋ณด์œก์‹œ์„ค ์•„์ด๋“ค์€
05:48
tend to do very badly.
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2435
๋ณดํ†ต ์ข‹์€ ์ง„๋กœ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Only 13 percent achieve a reasonable level
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ 16์‚ด์— ์น˜๋ฅด๋Š” ์ค‘๋“ฑ๊ต์œก์ž๊ฒฉ์‹œํ—˜ 5๊ฐœ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์—์„œ
05:54
of five GCSEs at 16,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ 13 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
against 58 percent of the wider population.
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์ „์ฒด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ 58 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ๋„์š”.
05:59
More troublingly, 27 percent of offenders in prison
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๋” ์šฐ๋ ค๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์žฌ์†Œ์ค‘์ธ ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž์˜ 27 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
06:03
have spent some time in care.
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๋ณด์œก์‹œ์„ค ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
And even more worryingly,
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์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์—ผ๋ ค์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
06:06
and this is a Home Office statistic,
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366851
1972
๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
06:08
70 percent of prostitutes
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368823
1900
๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€์˜ 70 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
06:10
have spent some time in care.
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
The state is not a great parent.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
But there are great programs
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
06:18
for adolescents who are on the edge of care,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
and 30 percent of kids going into care
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜
06:23
are adolescents.
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30 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
So we set up a program with Essex County Council
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—์„น์Šค ์ฃผ ์˜ํšŒ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด
06:28
to test out intensive family therapeutic support
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๋ณต์ง€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์–ธ์ €๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
06:31
for those families with adolescents
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
06:34
on the edge of the care system.
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์ง‘์ค‘์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณด์กฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ ์šดํ–‰ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Essex only pays in the event
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์—์„น์Šค๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
06:39
that it's saving them care costs.
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์ฃผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ ˆ๊ฐ๋  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
Investors have put in 3.1 million pounds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ผ๋ฐฑ ์‹ญ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
06:44
That program started last month.
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์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
Others, around homelessness in London,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:49
around youth and employment and education
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ
06:53
elsewhere in the country.
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์ทจ์—… ๋ฐ ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
There are now 13 social impact bonds in Britain,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 13 ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ 
06:57
and amazing levels of interest in this idea
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„์˜
07:00
all over the world.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
So David Cameron's put 20 million pounds
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๋ฐ์ด๋น— ์นด๋ฉ”๋ก  ์ˆ˜์ƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
07:04
into a social outcomes fund to support this idea.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์— 2์ฒœ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
Obama has suggested 300 million dollars
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ์ค‘
07:11
in the U.S. budget for these kinds of ideas
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3์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค๊ณผ
07:14
and structures to move it forward,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‹คํ˜„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
and a lot of other countries
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๋˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด
07:17
are demonstrating considerable interest.
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
So what's caused this excitement?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:22
Why is this so different for people?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:24
Well, the first piece, which we've talked about,
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ๋Š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
07:27
is innovation.
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ํ˜์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
It enables testing of new ideas
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ
07:31
in a way that's less difficult for everybody.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
The second piece it brings is rigor.
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
By working to outcomes, people really have to test
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:40
and bring data into the situation that one's dealing with.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ค„์ง€๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
So taking Peterborough as an example,
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ํ”ผํ„ฐ๋ณด๋กœ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
07:47
we add case management
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์ฒด์—
07:49
across all of the different organizations that we're working with
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์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋”ํ•ด
07:52
so they know
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
07:53
what actually has been done with different prisoners,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์›€์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
and at the same time they learn
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ
07:57
from the Ministry of Justice, and we learn,
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
08:00
because we pushed for the data,
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๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:01
what actually happens, whether they get re-arrested or not.
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์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฒดํฌ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
And we learn and adapt the program accordingly.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
And this leads to the third element, which is new,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ
08:10
and that's flexibility.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Because normal contracting for things,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”
08:15
when you're spending government money,
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๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:17
you're spending our money, tax money,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
and the people who are in charge of that are very aware of it
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์ผ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:22
so the temptation is to control exactly how you spend it.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น„์šฉ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
08:26
Now any entrepreneur in the room knows
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋“ค ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
08:29
that version 1.0, the business plan,
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์‚ฌ์—… ๊ณ„ํš ๋ฒ„์ „ 1.0์€
08:31
is not the one that generally works.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
So when you're trying to do something like this,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
08:36
you need the flexibility to adapt the program.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ์™€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋งž์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
And again, in Peterborough, we started off
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ”ผํ„ฐ๋ณด๋กœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋‹จ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:42
with a program, but we also collected data,
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๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•ด์„œ
08:46
and over the period of time,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:48
we nuanced and changed that program
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๊ณ ์ณ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ
08:50
to add a range of other elements,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
so that the service adapts
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋“ค์ด ์•Œ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ •๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:54
and we meet the needs of the long term
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์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ
08:57
as well as the short term:
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๋‘˜๋‹ค ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
greater engagement from the prisoners,
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๋ณต์—ญ์ค‘์ธ ์žฌ์†Œ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ณ 
09:02
longer-term engagement as well.
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์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„์—๋„ ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
09:05
The last element is partnership.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
There is, at the moment, a stale debate going on very often:
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์€
09:11
state's better, public sector's better,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
09:13
private sector's better, social sector's better,
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ซ๋ƒ, ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚ซ๋ƒ,
09:16
for a lot of these programs.
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚ซ๋ƒ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚ซ๋ƒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
Actually, for creating social change,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
09:20
we need to bring in the expertise
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ
09:22
from all of those parties
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์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™€์„œ
09:23
in order to make this work.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
And this creates a structure
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„
09:27
through which they can combine.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
So where does this leave us?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
09:31
This leaves us with a way
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:33
that people can invest in social change.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํˆฌ์žํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
We've met thousands, possibly millions of people,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ธฐ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”
09:39
who want the opportunity to invest in social change.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋ช…, ํ˜น์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
We've met champions all over the public sector
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๊ณต๊ณต ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ
09:44
keen to make these kinds of differences.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ง€์ž๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
With this kind of model,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด
09:48
we can help bring them together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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