What Saturn's most mysterious moon could teach us about the origins of life | Elizabeth Turtle

76,665 views

2020-09-17 ใƒป TED


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What Saturn's most mysterious moon could teach us about the origins of life | Elizabeth Turtle

76,665 views ใƒป 2020-09-17

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Brooklyn Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : ์ธํ˜ ์†ก
00:15
Picture a world with a variety of landforms.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€ํ˜•์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ํœฉ์“ธ๊ณ 
00:18
It has a dense atmosphere
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00:19
within which winds sweep across its surface
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๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋†’์€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
and rain falls.
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00:23
It has mountains and plains,
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์‚ฐ์ง€์™€ ํ‰์ง€,
00:24
rivers, lakes and seas,
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๊ฐ•๊ณผ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋‹ค,
00:26
sand dunes and some impact craters.
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์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ถฉ๋Œ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ๋“ค.
00:30
Sounds like Earth, right?
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
00:32
This is Titan.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
In August 1981,
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1981๋…„ 8์›”,
00:35
Voyager 2 captured this image of Saturn's largest moon.
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๋ณด์ด์ € 2ํ˜ธ๋Š” ํ† ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ์Šต๋“ค์„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
The Voyager missions have traveled farther than ever before,
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๋ณด์ด์ € ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ํƒ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
making the solar system and beyond
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์™€ ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋ฅผ
00:44
part of our geography.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
But this image, this hazy moon
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ชจ์Šต, ์ด ํ๋ฆฟํ•œ ์œ„์„ฑ์€
00:49
was a stark reminder of just how much mystery remained.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
We learned an exponential amount as the Voyagers flew by it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด์ด์ €ํ˜ธ์˜ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์–‘์˜ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
and yet we had no idea what lay beneath this atmospheric blanket.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ธต ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์ง ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
Was there an icy surface with landforms like those of the other moons
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ํ† ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ์ง€ํ˜•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:07
that had been observed at Saturn and Jupiter?
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์–ผ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ์ง€ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
01:09
Or perhaps simply a vast global ocean of liquid methane?
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์•กํ™” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
01:14
Shrouded by the obscuring haze,
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์ง™์€ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋ฎ์ธ,
01:17
Titan's surface was a huge, outstanding mystery
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์€ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:19
that Cassini-Huygens, an orbiter lander pair launched in 1997,
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1997๋…„ ๊ถค๋„์„ ๊ณผ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ํ•œ ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์นด์‹œ๋‹ˆ-ํ•˜์œ„ํ—Œ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ
01:24
was designed to solve.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ’€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
After arrival in 2004,
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2004๋…„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ํ›„
์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์นด์‹œ๋‹ˆํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์˜จ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต๋“ค์€
01:29
the early images Cassini sent back of Titan's surface
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01:32
only heightened the allure.
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ๋งŒ์„ ๊ณ ์กฐ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
It took months for us to understand what we were seeing on the surface,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง„ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
to determine, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํž˜๋“ค์–ด
01:40
that the dark stripes,
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์€ ์ž๊ตญ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ ์ด ์–ด๋‘์šด ์ค„๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋Š”
01:42
which were initially so unrecognizable that we referred to them as cat scratches,
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01:47
were actually dunes made of organic sand.
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์›๋ž˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Over the course of the 13 years Cassini spent studying Saturn
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13๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ•ญํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ ์นด์‹œ๋‹ˆํ˜ธ๋Š” ํ† ์„ฑ๊ณผ
01:54
and its rings and moons,
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ํ† ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ, ์œ„์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:56
we had the privilege
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
of going from knowing almost nothing about the surface of Titan
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๋ฐ”๋กœ, ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ
02:01
to understanding its geology,
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์ง€์งˆํ•™, ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญํ• ,
02:03
the role the atmosphere plays in shaping its surface,
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02:06
and even hints of what lies deep beneath that surface.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ์„์ง€ ํžŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:10
Indeed, Titan is one of several ocean worlds,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
moons in the cold outer solar system
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๋ฐ”๋‹คํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ํ™”์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ๋Œ€ ๊ถค๋„ ๋„ˆ๋จธ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๊ณ ,
02:16
beyond the orbits of Mars and the asteroid belt
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02:19
with immense liquid water oceans beneath their surfaces.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Titan's interior ocean may have more than 10 times as much liquid water
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ•, ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ๋Œ€์–‘์˜ ํ•ฉ์˜
02:28
as all of the Earth's rivers, lakes, seas and oceans combined.
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10๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
And at Titan, there are also exotic lakes and seas
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์—๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์•กํ™” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„๊ณผ ์—ํƒ„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„
02:36
of liquid methane and ethane on the surface.
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์ด๊ตญ์ ์ธ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Ocean worlds are some of the most fascinating places
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์—์„œ
๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
in the solar system,
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02:44
and we have only just begun to explore them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
02:48
This is Dragonfly.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ '๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
At the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory,
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์กด์Šคํ™‰ํ‚จ์Šค ์‘์šฉ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—์„œ
02:53
we're building this mission for NASA's new Frontiers program.
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๋‚˜์‚ฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ ์ •์ฐฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
Scheduled to launch in 2026 and reach Titan in 2034,
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2026๋…„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  2034๋…„ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์— ๋„์ฐฉ ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ,
๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณค ํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ํšŒ์ „ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ ํ•ญ๊ณต ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์„ ์ด๊ณ ,
03:02
Dragonfly is a rotorcraft lander,
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03:04
similar in size to the Mars rovers or about the size of a small car.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์ž‘์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ •๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Titan's dense atmosphere, combined with its low gravity,
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋นฝ๋นฝํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
03:12
make it a great place to fly,
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๋น„ํ–‰์— ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
and that's exactly what Dragonfly is designed to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณค ํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๊ฐ€ ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Technically an octocopter,
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ์˜ฅํ† ์ฝฅํ„ฐ๋กœ์„œ
03:20
Dragonfly is a mobile laboratory that can fly from place to place
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผํ•™ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ 
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ๋‚ ์•„ ๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
taking all of its scientific instruments with it.
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03:27
Dragonfly will investigate Titan in a truly unique way,
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์„ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
studying details of its weather and geology,
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ๋‚ ์”จ์™€ ์ง€ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€
03:34
and even picking up samples from the surface
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:36
to learn what they're made of.
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ํ‘œ๋ณธ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
All told, Dragonfly will spend about three years exploring Titan,
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ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด, ๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” 3๋…„๊ฐ„ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
measuring its detailed chemistry,
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์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ํ™”ํ•™ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:45
observing the atmosphere and how it interacts with the surface,
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
03:48
and even listening for earthquakes,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์ง€์ง„, ์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•ด, ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์ง„์„
03:50
or technically titanquakes, in Titan's crust.
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
The Dragonfly team,
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๋ถ๋ฏธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๊ณผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ
03:56
hundreds of people across North America and around the world,
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณค ํŒ€์€ ์ด ํƒ์‚ฌ ๊ธฐํš์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
is hard at work on the design for this mission,
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04:02
developing the rotorcraft, its autonomous navigation system
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ํšŒ์ „ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ, ์ž์œจ ํ•ญํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ
04:05
and its instrumentation,
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
all of which will need to work together to make science measurements
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ
๊ณผํ•™ ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
on the surface of Titan.
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04:12
Dragonfly is the next step in our exploration
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณค ํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ์ด ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ž์—ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ํƒํ—˜์˜
04:15
of this fascinating natural laboratory.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
In flying by, Voyager hinted at the possibilities.
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๋ณด์ด์ €ํ˜ธ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์•”์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
In orbiting Saturn for over a decade
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์‹ญ๋…„์ด ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ํ† ์„ฑ ๊ถค๋„ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ 
04:24
and descending through Titan's atmosphere,
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•ด,
04:26
Cassini and Huygens pulled Titan's veil back a bit further.
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์นด์‹œ๋‹ˆ-ํ•˜์œ„ํ—Œ์Šค๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์˜ ๋ฒ ์ผ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฒ—๊ฒจ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Dragonfly will live in the Titan environment,
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์—์„œ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
where, so far, our only close-up view
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทผ์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๋ผ๊ณค
04:38
is this image the Huygens probe took in January 2005.
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2005๋…„ 1์›” ํ•˜์œ„ํ—Œ์Šค ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „๋ถ€์ธ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
04:43
In many ways, Titan is the closest known analogue we have to the early Earth,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ, ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ธ
04:47
the Earth before life developed here.
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์›์‹œ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
From Cassini-Huygens' measurements,
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์นด์‹œ๋‹ˆ-ํ•˜์œ„ํ—Œ์Šค์˜ ์ธก์ •์œผ๋กœ
04:52
we know that the ingredients for life,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ์–ด๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด
04:54
at least life as we know it,
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04:55
have existed on Titan,
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ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
and Dragonfly will be fully immersed within this alien environment,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ์ด ์™ธ๊ณ„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
looking for compounds similar to those
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช… ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์„ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๊ณผ
05:05
that might have supported the development of life here on Earth
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
05:08
and teaching us about the habitability of other worlds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ์กด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:13
Habitability is a fascinating concept.
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์ƒ์กด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
What's necessary to make an environment suitable to host life,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด๋“ 
ํ˜น์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์•„๋ž˜ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ตญ์ ์ธ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด๋“ ,
05:21
whether life as we know it here on Earth,
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์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:23
or perhaps exotic life that has developed under very different conditions?
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05:28
The possibility of life elsewhere
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€
05:30
has inspired human imagination and exploration throughout history.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํƒํ—˜๋ ฅ์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
On a grand scale,
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด
05:36
it's why the ocean worlds in the outer solar system
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์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹คํ–‰์„ฑ์ด
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:39
have become such important targets for study.
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05:42
It's the "what if" that drives human exploration.
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"๋งŒ์•ฝ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒํ—˜์„ ์ถ”์ง„์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
We don't know how chemistry took the step to biology here on Earth,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๋ช… ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
but similar chemical processes may have happened on Titan,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
where organic molecules have had the opportunity
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ
05:58
to mix with liquid water at the surface.
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์„ž์˜€์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
06:01
Has organic synthesis progressed under these conditions?
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์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:05
And if so, how far?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:07
We don't know ... yet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:10
What we will learn from Dragonfly, this fundamentally human endeavor,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ ๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์• ํƒ€๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
is tantalizing.
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06:17
It's a search for building blocks, foundations, chemical steps
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ
06:21
like those that ultimately led to life on Earth.
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ, ์„ค๋ฆฝ, ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
We're not sure exactly what we will find when we get to Titan,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
but that's exactly why we're going.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
In 1994, Carl Sagan wrote,
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1994๋…„, ์นผ ์„ธ์ด๊ฑด์ด ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
06:34
"On Titan, the molecules that have been raining down
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"ํƒ€์ดํƒ„์—๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 40์–ต๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ฒœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
06:37
like manna from heaven for the last four billion years
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๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๋™๋œ ์ฑ„๋กœ
06:40
might still be there,
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06:42
largely unaltered, deep-frozen, awaiting the chemists from Earth."
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์ž๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค."
06:47
We are those chemists.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ํ™”ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Dragonfly is a search for greater understanding,
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๋“œ๋ž˜๊ณคํ”Œ๋ผ์ด๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํƒ„๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:53
not just of Titan and the mysteries of our solar system,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
but of our own origins.
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06:59
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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