You smell with your body, not just your nose | Jennifer Pluznick

140,265 views ใƒป 2017-08-09

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Eunkyung Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Here's a question for you:
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
how many different scents do you think you can smell,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:18
and maybe even identify with accuracy?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ํ–ฅ์ธ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งžํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:22
100?
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100๊ฐ€์ง€?
00:24
300?
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300๊ฐ€์ง€?
00:26
1,000?
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1,000๊ฐ€์ง€?
00:30
One study estimates that humans can detect up to one trillion different odors.
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ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ 1์กฐ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
A trillion.
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1์กฐ์š”.
00:37
It's hard to imagine,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ .
00:39
but your nose has the molecular machinery to make it happen.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฝ”์—๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž๊ธฐ์ „์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Olfactory receptors --
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ
00:46
tiny scent detectors --
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด
00:48
are packed into your nose,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฝ” ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:50
each one patiently waiting to be activated by the odor,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
00:53
or ligand,
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00:55
that it's been assigned to detect.
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00:58
It turns out we humans, like all vertebrates,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฒ™์ถ”๋™๋ฌผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:01
have lots of olfactory receptors.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
01:04
In fact, more of our DNA is devoted to genes for different olfactory receptors
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ DNA๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์— ๋ณด๋‹ค
ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž์— ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:11
than for any other type of protein.
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01:15
Why is that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
01:17
Could olfactory receptors be doing something else
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
01:20
in addition to allowing us to smell?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊นŒ์š”?
01:25
In 1991, Linda Buck and Richard Axel uncovered the molecular identity
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1991๋…„, ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค ๋ฒ…๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ์ฐจ๋“œ ์•„์…€์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ถ„์ž ๋™์ •์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
of olfactory receptors --
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01:32
work which ultimately led to a Nobel Prize.
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค€ ์—…์ ์ด์ฃ .
01:36
At the time,
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ
01:37
we all assumed that these receptors were only found in the nose.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ์ฝ”์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:42
However, about a year or so later,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 1๋…„ ์ •๋„ ํ›„
01:44
a report emerged of an olfactory receptor expressed in a tissue
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ” ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์กฐ์ง ์†์—๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
other than the nose.
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01:51
And then another such report emerged,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
and another.
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01:55
We now know that these receptors are found all over the body,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋จ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
including in some pretty unexpected places --
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์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
02:03
in muscle,
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๊ทผ์œก
02:05
in kidneys,
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์‹ ์žฅ
02:06
lungs
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ํ
02:08
and blood vessels.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์ด์š”.
02:10
But what are they doing there?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์— ์™œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:15
Well, we know that olfactory receptors act as sensitive chemical sensors
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”์—์„œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ์ฃ .
02:20
in the nose --
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02:21
that's how they mediate our sense of smell.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ›„๊ฐ์„ ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜์ง€์š”.
02:24
It turns out they also act as sensitive chemical sensors
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์ด ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชธ์˜ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ๋„
๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
02:28
in many other parts of the body.
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02:31
Now, I'm not saying that your liver can detect the aroma of your morning coffee
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์—Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ„์ด ์ปคํ”ผํ–ฅ์„ ๋งก๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ 
์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ˆ์š”.
02:36
as you walk into the kitchen.
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02:38
Rather, after you drink your morning coffee,
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹  ํ›„์—
02:41
your liver might use an olfactory receptor
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ„์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:44
to chemically detect the change in concentration
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š”
02:47
of a chemical floating through your bloodstream.
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ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ๋†๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
Many cell types and tissues in the body use chemical sensors,
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์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ๋‚˜
02:54
or chemosensors,
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์ผ€๋ชจ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:55
to keep track of the concentration of hormones, metabolites
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ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ, ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
and other molecules,
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03:01
and some of these chemosensors are olfactory receptors.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ€๋ชจ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
If you are a pancreas or a kidney
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ทŒ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์ด๊ณ 
03:09
and you need a specialized chemical sensor
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:11
that will allow you to keep track of a specific molecule,
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:15
why reinvent the wheel?
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์™œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:19
One of the first examples
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์ฝ” ์™ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š”
03:21
of an olfactory receptor found outside the nose
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ •์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
showed that human sperm express an olfactory receptor,
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03:29
and that sperm with this receptor will seek out the chemical
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ •์ž๋Š”
์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š”
03:33
that the receptor responds to --
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03:35
the receptor's ligand.
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ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
That is, the sperm will swim toward the ligand.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์ •์ž๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ํ—ค์—„์ณ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
This has intriguing implications.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
03:45
Are sperm aided in finding the egg
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์ •์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์•„์„œ
03:48
by sniffing out the area with the highest ligand concentration?
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๋‚œ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
03:53
I like this example because it clearly demonstrates
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ญํ• ์ด ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ์ž„์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:56
that an olfactory receptor's primary job is to be a chemical sensor,
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04:02
but depending on the context,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
04:05
it can influence how you perceive a smell,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š”์ง€
04:08
or in which direction sperm will swim,
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์ •์ž๊ฐ€ ํ—ค์—„์ณ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
and as it turns out,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋“ฏ์ด
04:14
a huge variety of other processes.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ์ •๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:17
Olfactory receptors have been implicated in muscle cell migration,
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทผ์œก ์„ธํฌ์ด๋™์— ์—ฐ๋ฅ˜๋˜์–ด
04:22
in helping the lung to sense and respond to inhaled chemicals,
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ํ๊ฐ€ ํก์ž…๋œ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๊ณ 
04:26
and in wound healing.
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์ƒ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
Similarly, taste receptors once thought to be found only in the tongue,
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๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ํ•œ๋•Œ ํ˜€์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋˜ ๋ฏธ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋Š”
04:33
are now known to be expressed in cells and tissues throughout the body.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์กฐ์ง์— ์กด์žฌํ•จ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Even more surprisingly,
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๋”์šฑ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€
04:41
a recent study found
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
04:42
that the light receptors in our eyes also play a role in our blood vessels.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ˆˆ ์†์˜ ๊ด‘์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์—์„œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
In my lab,
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์ €ํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—์„œ๋Š”
04:51
we work on trying to understand the roles of olfactory receptors and taste receptors
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
04:57
in the context of the kidney.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
The kidney is a central control center for homeostasis.
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์‹ ์žฅ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์•™ ์กฐ์ • ์„ผํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And to us,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๋Š”
05:05
it makes sense that a homeostatic control center would be a logical place
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ํ•ญ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ†ต์ œ ์„ผํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ™”ํ•™์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์—
05:09
to employ chemical sensors.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
We've identified a number of different olfactory and taste receptors
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๊ฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
in the kidney,
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05:18
one of which, olfactory receptor 78,
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ 78์€
05:21
is known to be expressed in cells and tissues
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ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๊ทœ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค ์•ˆ์—์„œ
05:25
that are important in the regulation of blood pressure.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
05:30
When this receptor is deleted in mice,
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์ด ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฅ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
05:33
their blood pressure is low.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜ˆ์••์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Surprisingly, this receptor was found to respond
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋Š”
05:40
to chemicals called short-chain fatty acids
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์žฅ๋‚ด ์„ธ๊ท ์•ˆ์— ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š”
05:43
that are produced by the bacteria that reside in your gut --
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๋‹จ์‡„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
your gut microbiota.
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05:50
After being produced by your gut microbiota,
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์žฅ๋‚ด ์„ธ๊ท ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‹จ์‡„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์ˆ˜์—
05:53
these chemicals are absorbed into your bloodstream
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์ด ๋‹จ์‡„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ 78๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
05:56
where they can then interact with receptors
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์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:58
like olfactory receptor 78,
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ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํก์ˆ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
meaning that the changes in metabolism of your gut microbiota
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์žฅ๋‚ด ์„ธ๊ท ์˜ ์‹ ์ง„๋Œ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€
06:06
may influence your blood pressure.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜ˆ์••์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
Although we've identified a number of different olfactory and taste receptors
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๋น„๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๊ฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:15
in the kidney,
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06:17
we've only just begun to tease out their different functions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋“ค๊ณผ
06:20
and to figure out which chemicals each of them responds to.
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์–ด๋–ค ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Similar investigations lie ahead for many other organs and tissues --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ฐœ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
only a small minority of receptors has been studied to date.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๊ทน ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
06:35
This is exciting stuff.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
It's revolutionizing our understanding of the scope of influence
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์˜ค๊ฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์—
06:41
for one of the five senses.
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ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
And it has the potential to change our understanding
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์„
06:47
of some aspects of human physiology.
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๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:51
It's still early,
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์•„์ง์€ ์ด๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
06:52
but I think we've picked up on the scent of something we're following.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
(Laughter)
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06:57
Thank you.
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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