How to build a resilient future using ancient wisdom | Julia Watson

196,438 views ใƒป 2020-08-21

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Nahee Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
When you imagine the architectural wonders of the world,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฑด์ถ•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์‹ค ๋•Œ,
00:16
what do you see?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:17
The greatness of the Pyramids of Giza
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๊ธฐ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋“ค์˜ ์›…์žฅํ•จ
00:19
or maybe the amazing aqueducts of Ancient Rome?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์†ก์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:23
Both of these are amazing feats of human innovation.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์œ„์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
As an architect,
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๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ
00:29
I've often wondered why do we monumentalize the ancient wonders
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์ข…์ข… ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „ ๋ถ•๊ดด ๋œ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜๋ฅผ
00:33
of civilizations that collapsed such a long time ago?
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์™œ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
I've traveled the world studying ancient innovation,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
00:41
and what I've found are Indigenous technologies from living cultures
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์—ฌํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ํ† ์ฐฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ธ๋ฐ
00:46
that are still in use.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And some of these cultures you may have never heard of.
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์ด ๋ฌธํ™” ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
They live in the most remote places on earth,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ช‡ ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•œ ํ™์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
00:55
facing environmental extremes like desert drought and frequent flooding
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๊ทนํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋™๋–จ์ง„ ๊ณณ๋“ค์—์„œ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
for generations.
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01:02
A couple of years ago, I traveled to northern India
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ „, ์ €๋Š” ์ธ๋„ ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ,
01:05
to a place overlooking the plains of Bangladesh
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์˜ ํ‰์›์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
where the Khasi people live
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์นด์‹œ์กฑ๋“ค์ด
01:10
in a forest that receives more rainfall than anywhere else on earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ์ˆฒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
And during the monsoon season,
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์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ์—
01:16
travel between villages is cut off by these floods,
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๋งˆ์„์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰์€ ํ™์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
which transform this entire landscape
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๊ทธ ํ™์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด ์ „์ฒด ํ’๊ฒฝ์„
01:22
from a forested canopy into isolated islands.
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์ˆฒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ฎ์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ์„ฌ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
This hill tribe has evolved living root bridges
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์ด ๊ณ ์‚ฐ์กฑ์€ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ
01:30
that are created by guiding and growing tree roots
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๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์žก์•„์ฃผ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
01:32
that you can barely wrap your arms around
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒ”๋กœ ๊ฒจ์šฐ ๊ฐ์Œ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„์ธ๋ฐ
01:36
through a carefully woven scaffolding.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฎ์€ ๋ฐœํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
Multiple generations of the Khasi men and the women and the children,
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๋ช‡ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ์นด์‹œ์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค, ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค,
01:43
they'll take care of these roots
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€
01:44
as they grow to the other side of that bank,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ฌ์–ด ๋†“์€ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ถ•์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ
01:47
where they're then planted to make a structure
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
that will get stronger with age.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์›”์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
This 1,500-year-old tradition of growing living root bridges
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1500๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๋œ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ „ํ†ต์ธ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ธฐ๋Š”
01:56
has produced 75 of these incredible structures.
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75๊ฐœ์˜ ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
And while they take 50 years to grow,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ 50๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ,
02:04
in this landscape they actually last for centuries.
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์ด ํ’๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
All across the globe,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
02:09
I've seen cultures who have been living with floods for thousands of years
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋“ค์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:14
by evolving these ancient technologies that allow them to work with the water.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธํ™”๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œ์ผœ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
In the southern wetlands of Iraq,
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๋‚จ๋ถ€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ผํฌ์˜ ์Šต์ง€์—๋Š”,
02:21
which are formed by the confluence of the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers,
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ํ‹ฐ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์œ ํ”„๋ผํ…Œ์Šค ๊ฐ•์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜์ง€์ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
02:26
a unique, water-based civilization lives.
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์ˆ˜์ƒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์ด ์‚ถ์˜ ํ„ฐ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:29
For 6,000 years, the Maสฟdฤn have floated villages
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6,000๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ๋งˆ๋‹จ์€ ๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ๋–  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:33
on man-made islands that are constructed from a single species of reed
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๊ทธ ๋งˆ์„๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ณต์„ฌ๋“ค ์œ„์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
๊ทธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋Œ€๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
that grows around them.
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02:39
And the Qasab reed is integral to every aspect of life.
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์นด์‚ฝ ๊ฐˆ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ถ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:44
It is food for water buffalo,
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์†Œ์˜ ๋จน์ด์ด๊ณ 
02:47
flour for humans
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์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์ด๋ฉฐ
02:48
and building material for these biodegradable, buoyant islands
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์ž์—ฐ๋ถ„ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์— ๋œฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์žฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:53
and their cathedral-like houses
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์„ฑ๋‹น ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๊ธด ์ง‘์€
02:55
that they construct in as little as three days.
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๋‹จ 3์ผ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
And this dried Qasab reed,
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๋ง๋ฆฐ ์นด์‚ฝ ๊ฐˆ๋Œ€๋Š”
03:01
it can be bundled into columns,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌถ์–ด์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:03
it can be woven into floors or roofs or walls,
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์งœ์„œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ, ์ง€๋ถ• ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:08
and it can also be twisted into a rope
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๊ผฌ์•„์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์—†์ด
03:11
that's used to bind these buildings without the use of any nails.
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๋ฌถ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋กœํ”„๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
The Maสฟdฤn villages are constructed in the marsh,
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๋งˆ๋‹จ ๋งˆ์„๋“ค์€ ์Šต์ง€์— ๊ฑด์„ค๋ผ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:19
as they have been for generations,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์„ฌ ์œ„์—์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:22
on islands that stay afloat for over 25 years.
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์ด ์„ฌ์€ 25๋…„์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋–  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Although global attention is focused on the pandemic,
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๋น„๋ก ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด๋ชฉ์ด ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:32
cities are still sinking and sea levels are still rising.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰๋Š” ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ์Šน ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
And high-tech solutions
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๊ณ ๋„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด
03:38
are definitely going to help us solve some of these problems,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
03:41
but in our rush towards the future,
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๊ธ‰์†ํžˆ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:44
we tend to forget about the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
In other parts of the world, where rivers are contaminated with sewage,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐ•์ด ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ
03:50
a city of 15 million people cleans its waste water with its flood plains.
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1,500๋งŒ ๋ช… ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ”๋žŒ์›์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
On the edges of Calcutta,
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์บ˜์ปคํƒ€์˜ ์™ธ๊ฐ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š”
03:58
flanked by a smoking escarpment of the city's trash
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฟœ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:02
and ribboned by its highways,
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:05
an Indigenous technology of 300 fish ponds
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ 300๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ชป์˜ ํ† ์ฐฉ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ
04:09
cleans its water while producing its food.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์— ์—ฐ๋ชป์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:12
And through a combination of sunshine and sewage
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ–‡๋น›๊ณผ ํ•˜์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ
04:16
and a symbiosis between algae and bacteria,
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์กฐ๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ณต์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
04:20
the wastewater is broken down.
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ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ถ„ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:22
Fish ponds continue this cleaning of the water
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ชป๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:25
in a process that takes around 30 days.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•ฝ 30์ผ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
And this innovation,
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์ด ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:30
it's not just a model for chemical and coal-power-free purification.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™”ํ•™์•ฝํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์—†์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ •ํ™” ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
Since Calcutta's core has no formal treatment,
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์บ˜์ปคํƒ€์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ฒ˜์น˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:40
it's the city's only way of cleaning the water downstream
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์ด ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:43
before it enters the Bay of Bengal.
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ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฑ…๊ณจ๋งŒ์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
What I find so unbelievable about this infrastructure
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์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€
04:50
is that as cities across the world in Asia and in Europe
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์•„์‹œ์•„์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด
04:54
begin to replicate this exact system,
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์ด ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—
04:58
Calcutta is now struggling to save it from being displaced by development.
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์บ˜์ปคํƒ€๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ •ํ™” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋ถ„ํˆฌ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
And then to deal with flooding in a completely other way,
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ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด,
05:06
the Tofinu tribe has developed the largest lake city in Africa.
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ํ† ํ”ผ๋ˆ„์กฑ์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
Ganviรฉ, meaning "We survived,"
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ„๋น„์—๋Š”
05:15
is built of stilted houses that are organized around a canal system
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์œ„๋กœ ๋– ๋ฐ›์ณ์ง„ ์ฃผํƒ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์ฃผํƒ๋“ค์€ ์šดํ•˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™” ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
05:18
that you can navigate by dugout canoe.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฐฐ๋กœ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:21
And the royal square stands amongst 3,000 stilted buildings
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๋กœ์–„ ๊ด‘์žฅ์€ 3,000๊ฐœ์˜ ๋– ๋ฐ›์ณ์ง„ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:26
that include a post office,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฒด๊ตญ,
05:28
a bank, a mosque
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์€ํ–‰, ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ,
05:30
and even a couple of bars
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ˆ ์ง‘๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:31
that are all surrounded by 12,000 individual fish paddocks,
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๋งŒ 2์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์–ด์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งน๊ทธ๋กœ๋ธŒ ์•„์นด์Ÿˆ์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
or mangrove acadjas.
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05:39
This chemical-free artificial reef covers almost half of the lagoon
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์ด ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ ์—†๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์•”์ดˆ๋Š”
์˜ค์ˆ˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์ „ ๋ชจ์•„๋‘๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ๋ชป์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ 
05:44
and feeds one million people that are living around it.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
What amazes me
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:49
is that while an individual acadja is pretty insignificant,
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์•„์นด์Ÿˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—
05:54
when it's multiplied by 12,000,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 12,000๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด
05:58
it creates an Indigenous technology the scale of industrial aquaculture,
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์‚ฐ์—… ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์–‘์‹ ํ† ์ฐฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:03
which is the greatest threat to our mangrove ecosystems ...
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งน๊ทธ๋กœ๋ธŒ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
but this technology --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
06:08
it builds more biodiversity than before.
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๊ทธ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:12
Just earlier this year, when I was back home in Australia,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ดˆ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์„ ๋•Œ
06:14
the craziest thing happened.
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์ •๋ง ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
The burned ash from the bushfires surrounding Sydney rained down on us
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์‹œ๋“œ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ถˆ์— ํƒ„ ์žฌ๊ฐ€
๋ณธ๋‹ค์ด ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ์œ„๋กœ ์Ÿ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
on Bondi Beach.
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06:22
And worried about carbon emissions --
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ „์—ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜์„œ
06:24
not viral transmissions --
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06:26
we were already wearing masks.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉ ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
The air was so choked by a plume of smoke
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์ž์šฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ์–ด์˜ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆจ์ด ๋ง‰ํž ์ง€๊ฒฝ์ด์˜€๊ณ 
06:31
that was so big that it reached as far away as New Zealand.
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๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปค์„œ
๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ๋งŒํผ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Then in the midst of these wildfires,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ,
์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ƒ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ์ตœ์•…์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ ๋„์ค‘์—
06:38
which were the worst we'd ever seen on record,
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06:42
something unexpected happened,
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์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
but incredibly amazing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
The ancestral lands in Australia,
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์กฐ์ƒ ์ „๋ž˜์˜ ๋•…์ด์ž
06:48
where Indigenous fire-stick farming was practiced,
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ํ† ์ฐฉ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ™” ๋†์—…์ด ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง€๋˜ ๊ณณ์€
06:50
were saved as these fires raged around them.
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์ด ๋งน๋ ฌํžˆ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ํœฉ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌด์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:54
And these ancient forests --
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ๋Œ€์ˆฒ๋“ค์€
06:55
they survived because of seasonal, generational burning,
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๊ณ„์ ˆ๋ณ„, ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง„ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ธ ๋ฐฉํ™” ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋ฌด์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:59
which is an Aboriginal practice of lighting small, slow and cool fires.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ถˆ์€ ์ž‘๊ณ  ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์›€์ง์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋œ ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
So though wildfires are a natural disaster,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์€ ์ž์—ฐ ์žฌํ•ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:08
as a consequence of climate change,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ
07:10
they're also man-made.
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์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
And what's so amazing about this is we have the ancient technology
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์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€
์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์จ์˜จ
07:17
that we know can help prevent them,
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๊ณ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
and we've used it for thousands of years.
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07:22
And what I find so fascinating about these technologies
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค๋ ฅ์€
07:26
is how complex they are
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ 
07:27
and how attuned they are to nature.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์— ์กฐํ™”๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
And then, how resilient we could all become
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์„
07:32
by learning from them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:34
Too often when we are faced with a crisis, we build walls in defense.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ฒฝ์„ ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
I'm an architect,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
and I've been trained to seek solutions in permanence --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๋„๋ก ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
concrete, steel, glass --
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์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ, ๊ฐ•์ฒ , ์œ ๋ฆฌ,
07:47
these are all used to build a fortress against nature.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š”๋ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
But my search for ancient systems and Indigenous technologies
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ํ† ์ฐฉ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”
07:55
has been different.
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๋‹ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
It's been inspired by an idea that we can seed creativity in crisis.
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์ฐฝ์กฐ์˜ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ ค์„œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
We have thousands of years of ancient knowledge
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
that we just need to listen to
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ๊ทธ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
08:08
and allow it to expand our thinking about designing symbiotically with nature.
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์ž์—ฐ๊ณผ ๊ณต์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ™•์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
And by listening,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฒญํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:15
we'll only become wiser
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
08:16
and ready for those 21st-century challenges
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ• 
08:20
that we know will endanger our people and our planet.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋„์ „๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งž์„ค ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
And I've seen it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ 
08:26
I know that it's possible.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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