Jeff Speck: The walkable city

367,097 views ・ 2013-10-14

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:13
So I'm a city planner, an urban designer,
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μ €λŠ” λ„μ‹œ 기획자이자 λ„μ‹œ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
former arts advocate,
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μ˜ˆμ „μ— 예술 μ˜Ήν˜Έλ‘ μžμ˜€κ³ 
00:19
trained in architecture and art history,
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건좕과 μ˜ˆμˆ μ‚¬λ₯Ό 곡뢀 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
and I want to talk to you today not about design
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μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ λ””μžμΈ 이야기가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:26
but about America
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미ꡭ에 κ΄€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•  κ±΄λ°μš”.
00:28
and how America can be more economically resilient,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ―Έκ΅­ κ²½μ œκ°€ 보닀 회볡λ ₯이 있게될까,
00:33
how America can be healthier,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 미ꡭ이 더 κ±΄κ°•ν•΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€,
00:35
and how America can be
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그리고 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 미ꡭ이
00:37
more environmentally sustainable.
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μƒνƒœμ μœΌλ‘œ 지속가λŠ₯ν•œ μ„±μž₯을 ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμ— κ΄€ν•΄μ„œ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
And I realize this is a global forum,
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이 μžλ¦¬λŠ” 세계적인 ν† λ‘ μž₯μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
00:42
but I think I need to talk about America
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미ꡭ에 κ΄€ν•΄ 이야기 ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄μš”.
00:44
because there is a history,
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비둝 λͺ¨λ“  κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
00:45
in some places, not all,
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세계 μ—¬λŸ¬ κ³³μ—μ„œ
00:47
of American ideas being appropriated,
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쒋건 λ‚˜μ˜κ±΄
00:49
being emulated, for better or for worse,
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미ꡭ의 아이디어λ₯Ό
00:52
around the world.
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μ „μš©ν•˜κ³  λͺ¨λ°©ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
And the worst idea we've ever had
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μ΄μ œκΉŒμ§€ μ΅œμ•…μ˜ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ”
00:55
is suburban sprawl.
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λ„μ‹œμ˜ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™μ  ν™•μ‚°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
It's being emulated in many places as we speak.
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μ§€κΈˆ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆμ—λ„ μ—¬λŸ¬ κ³³μ—μ„œ λͺ¨λ°©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:01
By suburban sprawl, I refer to the reorganization
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λ„μ‹œμ˜ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™μ  ν™•μ‚°μœΌλ‘œ 인해
01:04
of the landscape and the creation of the landscape
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μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•΄μ§„
01:06
around the requirement of automobile use,
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ν™˜κ²½μ˜ μž¬κ΅¬μ„±μ„ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άκ΅°μš”.
01:11
and that the automobile that was once an instrument of freedom
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ν•œ λ•Œ 자유λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ λ„κ΅¬μ˜€λ˜ μžλ™μ°¨κ°€
01:13
has become a gas-belching,
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μ΄μ œλŠ” λ°°κΈ° κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό ν† ν•΄λ‚΄κ³ 
01:17
time-wasting and life-threatening
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μ‹œκ°„μ„ λΉΌμ•—κ³ 
삢을 μœ„ν˜‘ν•˜λŠ”
01:20
prosthetic device
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인곡 μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
that many of us need just to,
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우리 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄, μ•„λ‹ˆ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ―Έκ΅­μΈλ“€μ˜
01:23
most Americans, in fact, need,
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01:24
just to live their daily lives.
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일상에 ν•„μš”ν•œ κ·Έ μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ 말이죠.
01:27
And there's an alternative.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λŒ€μ•ˆμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
You know, we say, half the world is living in cities.
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인λ₯˜μ˜ μ ˆλ°˜μ€ λ„μ‹œμ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:30
Well, in America, that living in cities,
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λ§Žμ€ 미ꡭ인듀은
01:32
for many of them, they're living in cities still
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아직도 μžλ™μ°¨ μ‚¬μš©μ΄ λΆˆκ°€ν”Όν•œ
01:33
where they're dependent on that automobile.
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λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
And what I work for, and to do,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μΌν•˜λŠ” 것과 할일은,
01:39
is to make our cities more walkable.
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λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό 더 κ±Έμ„λ§Œν•œ κ³΅κ°„μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
But I can't give design arguments for that
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” κ²½μ œν•™μžλ“€κ³Ό
01:44
that will have as much impact
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μ—­ν•™μžλ“€,
01:46
as the arguments that I've learned
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ν™˜κ²½λ‘ μžλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배운 λ…ΌμŸμœΌλ‘œμ„œ
01:47
from the economists, the epidemiologists
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그만큼의 영ν–₯을 쀄 λ””μžμΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄
01:51
and the environmentalists.
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λ…ΌμŸν•˜λ €λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
So these are the three arguments that I'm going
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였늘 μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
01:54
to give you quickly today.
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μ„Έ 가지 λ…ΌμŸμ μ„ λ“œλ¦¬λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
When I was growing up in the '70s,
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μ œκ°€ 자라던 70λ…„λŒ€μ—λŠ”
01:59
the typical American spent one tenth of their income,
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미ꡭ인은 μ†Œλ“μ˜ 10%을
02:02
American family, on transportation.
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κ΅ν†΅λΉ„λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
Since then, we've doubled the number of roads
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κ·Έ λ•Œ 이후 μ§€κΈˆκ» λ―Έκ΅­μ—λŠ” λ„λ‘œ μˆ˜κ°€ λ‘λ°°λ‘œ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚¬κ³ 
02:08
in America, and we now spend one fifth
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ†Œλ“μ˜
02:11
of our income on transportation.
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20%λ₯Ό ꡐ톡 μˆ˜λ‹¨ μ΄μš©μ— μ“°κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
Working families, which are defined as
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λ―Έκ΅­ λ…Έλ™μž κ³„κΈ‰μ˜ 가정은
02:15
earning between 20,000 and 50,000 dollars
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2λ§Œμ—μ„œ 5만 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό
02:17
a year in America
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λ²„λŠ”λ°
02:19
are spending more now on transportation
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주거보닀 ꡐ톡 μˆ˜λ‹¨ μ΄μš©μ—
02:22
than on housing, slightly more,
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더 λ§Žμ€ μ§€μΆœμ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
because of this phenomenon called "drive till you qualify,"
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"쑰건이 λ§žμ„ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ μš΄μ „ν•˜λΌ"라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μƒ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:27
finding homes further and further and further
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도심지와 직μž₯μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
02:30
from the city centers and from their jobs,
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점점 λ¨Ό κ³³μ—μ„œ 집을 κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  있고
02:33
so that they're locked in this, two, three hours,
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μΆœν‡΄κ·Όμ—
02:35
four hours a day of commuting.
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2μ‹œκ°„μ—μ„œ 4μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ†Œλͺ¨ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
And these are the neighborhoods, for example,
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이듀은
02:39
in the Central Valley of California
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뢀동산 κ±°ν’ˆ 뢕괴와 휘발유 가격이 μƒμŠΉμ—λ„
02:41
that weren't hurt when the housing bubble burst
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타격을 μž…μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ λΆ€μ΄Œ μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„ μ„ΌνŠΈλŸ΄λ°Έλ¦¬ 주민의
02:44
and when the price of gas went up;
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μ΄μ›ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
02:47
they were decimated.
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그듀은 큰 어렀움을 κ²ͺμ—ˆμ£ .
02:49
And in fact, these are many
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사싀, 이듀은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ³΄λŠ”
02:50
of the half-vacant communities that you see today.
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반쯀 λΉ„μ–΄μžˆλŠ” 곡동체 속에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
Imagine putting everything you have into your mortgage,
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λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ €λ‹Ήμž‘νžˆκ³  μžƒμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:56
it goes underwater, and you have to pay
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일을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œ λ„λ‘œ κ΅ν†΅λΉ„λ‘œ
02:58
twice as much for all the driving that you're doing.
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λ‘λ°°μ˜ λΉ„μš©μ„ μ§€λΆˆν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:02
So we know what it's done to our society
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그것이 우리 μ‚¬νšŒμ— μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 일이며
03:05
and all the extra work we have to do
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μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ„ μ§€μ†ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
03:07
to support our cars.
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ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μΌμ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
What happens when a city decides
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그런데 λ„μ‹œκ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 것을 μš°μ„  μˆœμœ„λ‘œ μ„ΈμšΈ λ•Œ
03:10
it's going to set other priorities?
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무슨 일이 생길 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:13
And probably the best example we have here
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 졜고의 μ˜ˆλ‘œλŠ”
03:15
in America is Portland, Oregon.
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였레곀주의 ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλ₯Ό λ“€ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
Portland made a bunch of decisions in the 1970s
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλŠ” 1970λ…„λŒ€μ— μ—¬λŸ¬ 결정을 λ‚΄λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
that began to distinguish it
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그리고 κ·Έ 결정은 ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλ₯Ό
03:22
from almost every other American city.
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미ꡭ의 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ„μ‹œλ“€κ³ΌλŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 곳으둜 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ£ .
03:25
While most other cities were growing
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λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄ 획일적으둜
03:27
an undifferentiated spare tire of sprawl,
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ν™•μž₯ν•΄ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ
03:30
they instituted an urban growth boundary.
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλŠ” λ„μ‹œ ν™•μž₯에 경계λ₯Ό λ„μž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
While most cities were reaming out their roads,
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λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄ 더 λ§Žμ€ κ΅ν†΅λŸ‰μ„ μœ„ν•΄
03:35
removing parallel parking and trees
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λ„λ‘œλ₯Ό ν™•μž₯ν•˜κ³ 
03:37
in order to flow more traffic,
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평행주 μ°¨λ₯Ό νμ§€ν•˜κ³  λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•  λ•Œ,
03:39
they instituted a skinny streets program.
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλŠ” 쒁은 λ„λ‘œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ λ„μž…ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
03:43
And while most cities were investing in more roads
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그리고 λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄ 더 λ§Žμ€ λ„λ‘œμ™€
03:47
and more highways, they actually invested
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κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ λ•Œ,
03:50
in bicycling and in walking.
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그듀은 μžμ „κ±°μ™€ κ±·κΈ°λ₯Ό μ§€μ›ν–ˆμ£ .
03:52
And they spent 60 million dollars on bike facilities,
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그듀은 6천만 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό μžμ „κ±° μ‹œμ„€ 확좩에 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
which seems like a lot of money,
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κ·Έ μžμ²΄λ‘œλŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 큰 돈으둜 λ³΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
03:58
but it was spent over about 30 years,
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30년에 걸쳐 μ§‘ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
04:00
so two million dollars a year -- not that much --
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μ—°κ°„ 2백만 λ‹¬λŸ¬λΌλŠ” 크지 μ•Šμ€ λˆμ„ 썼고
04:03
and half the price of the one cloverleaf
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λ„μ‹œ λ‚΄ ꡐ차둜 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μž¬κ±΄μΆ•ν•˜λŠ”λ°
04:05
that they decided to rebuild in that city.
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μ ˆλ°˜μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
These changes and others like them changed
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이같은 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 변화듀은
04:10
the way that Portlanders live,
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œ μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ˜ μ‚Άμ˜ 방식과
04:12
and their vehicle-miles traveled per day,
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ν•˜λ£¨ μ£Όν–‰ 거리와
04:14
the amount that each person drives,
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μ£Όν–‰λŸ‰μ„ λ°”κΎΈμ–΄ λ†“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
actually peaked in 1996,
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사싀 1996년에 μ΅œκ³ μ‘°μ— λ‹¬ν–ˆλ˜
04:18
has been dropping ever since,
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μ£Όν–‰λŸ‰μ€ 이후 κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μ€„μ—ˆκ³ 
04:20
and they now drive 20 percent less
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μ΄μ œλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ λ„μ‹œ 주민듀보닀
04:22
than the rest of the country.
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μ°¨λŸ‰ μ‚¬μš©μ΄ 20%λ‚˜ μ μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
The typical Portland citizen drives
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일반적인 ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ€
04:26
four miles less, and 11 minutes less per day
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전보닀 4 마일 적게 μš΄μ „ν•˜κ³ 
11 λΆ„ 적게 μš΄μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:30
than they did before.
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04:32
The economist Joe Cortright did the math
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κ²½μ œν•™μž μ‘° μ½”νŠΈλΌμ΄νŠΈλŠ”
04:34
and he found out that those four miles
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이 4 λ§ˆμΌμ— 11 뢄을 λ”ν•œ 것이
04:36
plus those 11 minutes
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κ·Έ μ§€μ—­μ˜ 전체 μ†Œλ“μ˜
04:37
adds up to fully three and a half percent
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3.5%에 λ‹¬ν•œλ‹€κ³ 
04:39
of all income earned in the region.
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κ³„μ‚°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
So if they're not spending that money on driving --
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λ§Œμ•½ μš΄μ „μ— κ·Έ λˆμ„ 쓰지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄,
04:44
and by the way, 85 percent of the money
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-- 그런데, μš΄μ „μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λΉ„μš©μ˜ 85%κ°€
04:45
we spend on driving leaves the local economy --
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지역 경제λ₯Ό λ²—μ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
04:48
if they're not spending that money on driving,
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λ§Œμ•½ 그듀이 κ·Έ λˆμ„ μš΄μ „μ— 쓰지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄
04:50
what are they spending it on?
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어디에 μ“Έ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
04:51
Well, Portland is reputed to have
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλŠ”
04:53
the most roof racks per capita,
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인ꡬ당 μžλ™μ°¨ 지뢕 μœ„μ˜ 짐칸이 κ°€μž₯ 많고
04:56
the most independent bookstores per capita,
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κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 자립 μ„œμ λ“€μ΄ 있으며
04:59
the most strip clubs per capita.
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κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ μŠ€νŠΈλ¦½μ‡Ό 클럽이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
These are all exaggerations, slight exaggerations
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이런 것듀은 ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
05:05
of a fundamental truth, which is Portlanders
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λ―Έκ΅­ λ‚΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ 지역 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€
05:06
spend a lot more on recreation of all kinds
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μ˜¨κ°– μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ˜€λ½μ— λˆμ„ 더 많이 μ“΄λ‹€λŠ”
05:10
than the rest of America.
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기초적인 사싀을 살짝 λΆ€ν’€λ € λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦° 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
Actually, Oregonians spend more on alcohol
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사싀, 였레곀 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ£Ό μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€
05:14
than most other states,
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μˆ μ— 더 λ§Žμ€ λˆμ„ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
which may be a good thing or a bad thing,
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이것이 쒋은 것일 μˆ˜λ„ 아닐 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ² μ§€μš”.
05:17
but it makes you glad they're driving less.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 그듀이 μš΄μ „μ„ 적게 ν•˜λ„λ‘ν•΄μ„œ 기쁘게 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:19
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:21
But actually, they're spending most of it in their homes,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 사싀, 그듀은 가정에 더 λ§Žμ€ λˆμ„ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
and home investment is about as local
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그리고 가정에 λˆμ„ 더 많이 μ“°λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ
05:27
an investment as you can get.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” νˆ¬μžμ΄μ§€μš”.
05:29
But there's a whole other Portland story,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œ 이야기가 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
05:31
which isn't part of this calculus,
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미적뢄학에 κ΄€ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆκ΅¬μš”.
05:32
which is that young, educated people
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μ Šμ€ 지식측듀이 쀄지어
05:35
have been moving to Portland in droves,
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ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλ‘œ μ΄μ£Όν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
so that between the last two censuses,
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μ§€λ‚œ 두 번의 인ꡬ 쑰사 사이에
05:40
they had a 50-percent increase
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λŒ€ν•™ κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받은 λ°€λ ˆλ‹ˆμ—„ μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ 인ꡬ가
05:42
in college-educated millennials,
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50% μ¦κ°€ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:44
which is five times what you saw anywhere else
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μ΄λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—¬λŠ 곳의 -- λ˜λŠ” ꡭ가적 평균이라고 ν•΄μ•Όκ² κ΅°μš” --
05:46
in the country, or, I should say, of the national average.
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λ‹€μ„― 배에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
So on the one hand, a city saves money for its residents
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œ, λ„μ‹œλŠ” μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ΄ 더 κ±·κ³  더 μžμ „κ±°λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ—¬
05:54
by being more walkable and more bikeable,
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λΉ„μš©μ„ μ ˆμ•½ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
but on the other hand, it also is the cool kind of city
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
05:59
that people want to be in these days.
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ·Όμ‚¬ν•œ λ„μ‹œκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
06:02
So the best economic strategy
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ„μ‹œμ— κ΄€ν•΄ μ·¨ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
06:04
you can have as a city
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κ°€μž₯ 경제적인 μ „λž΅μ€
06:05
is not the old way of trying to attract corporations
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기업듀을 많이 λŒμ–΄λ“€μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
06:09
and trying to have a biotech cluster
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생λͺ…곡학 단지λ₯Ό κ°–κ±°λ‚˜
06:11
or a medical cluster,
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λ˜λŠ” 의료 λ‹¨μ§€λ‚˜ 항곡 우주 μ‚°μ—… 단지λ₯Ό
06:13
or an aerospace cluster,
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μ§“λŠ” λ“±μ˜ κ΅¬μ‹œλŒ€μ  방법이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:15
but to become a place where people want to be.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 곡간을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
And millennials, certainly, these engines of entrepreneurship,
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그리고 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ
06:21
64 percent of whom decide first
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κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 64%κ°€ μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ μ‚΄ 곳을
06:24
where they want to live,
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κ²°μ •ν•˜κ³ ,
06:25
then they move there, then they look for a job,
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그듀은 그곳으둜 μ΄μ£Όν•˜κ³ , ꡬ직을 ν•˜λ©°,
06:27
they will come to your city.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ„μ‹œλ‘œ 올 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
The health argument is a scary one,
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건강에 κ΄€ν•œ μ£Όμž₯은 λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
and you've probably heard part of this argument before.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ•„λ§ˆ 이런 μ£Όμž₯을 이전에 λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μ•˜μ„ κ±°μ—μš”.
06:36
Again, back in the '70s, a lot's changed since then,
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λ‹€μ‹œ 70λ…„λŒ€λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€λ΄μš”. κ·Έ λ•Œ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ λ§Žμ€ 것이 λ³€ν–ˆμ£ .
06:39
back in the '70s, one in 10 Americans was obese.
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70λ…„λŒ€μ—λŠ” 미ꡭ인 열에 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ λΉ„λ§Œμ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:42
Now one out of three Americans is obese,
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ„Έ λͺ… 쀑 ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λΉ„λ§Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
and a second third of the population is overweight.
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그리고 전체 인ꡬ의 2/3κ°€ κ³Όμ²΄μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:49
Twenty-five percent of young men
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μ Šμ€ λ‚¨μžμ˜ 25%와
06:51
and 40 percent of young women are too heavy
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μ Šμ€ μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 40%κ°€ κ³Όμ²΄μ€‘μœΌλ‘œ
06:53
to enlist in our own military forces.
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κ΅°μž…λŒ€λ₯Ό ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
According to the Center for Disease Control,
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μ§ˆλ³‘κ΄€λ¦¬μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄,
06:59
fully one third of all children born after 2000
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2008λ…„ 이후 μΆœμƒν•œ μ–΄λ¦°μ΄μ˜ 1/3은
07:03
will get diabetes.
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당뇨병을 μ•“κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
We have the first generation of children in America
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λ―Έκ΅­ 어린이 1μ„ΈλŒ€λ“€μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨λ³΄λ‹€
07:06
who are predicted to live shorter lives than their parents.
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짧은 생애λ₯Ό μ‚΄κ²Œ 될 것이라 예츑되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
I believe that this American healthcare crisis
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μ €λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ „ν•΄ λ“£λŠ”
07:13
that we've all heard about
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λ―Έκ΅­ 보건 μœ„κΈ°κ°€
07:14
is an urban design crisis,
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λ„μ‹œ λ””μžμΈμ˜ μœ„κΈ°μ΄λ©°
07:17
and that the design of our cities lies at the cure.
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λ„μ‹œμ˜ λ””μžμΈμ΄ 해결책이라 λ―Ώκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
Because we've talked a long time about diet,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ μ‹μ΄μš”λ²•μ— κ΄€ν•΄ 이야기 ν•΄ 왔기에,
07:22
and we know that diet impacts weight,
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μ‹μ΄μš”λ²•μ΄ 체쀑에 영ν–₯을 미치고,
07:25
and weight of course impacts health.
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체쀑은 건강에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 것을 잘 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
But we've only started talking about inactivity,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 졜근 λ“€μ–΄μ„œμ•Ό λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±μ— κ΄€ν•΄,
07:30
and how inactivity born of our landscape,
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그리고 ν™˜κ²½μ΄ λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯에 κ΄€ν•΄, 이야기λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:33
inactivity that comes from the fact that we live
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λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±μ€ 걷기같은 μœ μ΅ν•œ ν™œλ™μ΄ 없어진
07:35
in a place where there is no longer any such thing
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우리의 μƒν™œκ³΅κ°„μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λΉ„λ‘―ν–ˆκ³ 
07:37
as a useful walk, is driving our weight up.
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우리의 체쀑을 μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:41
And we finally have the studies,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ ν•˜κ²Œλœ 연ꡬ쀑
07:42
one in Britain called "Gluttony versus sloth"
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œ μ‹œν–‰λœ "폭식 λŒ€ κ²ŒμœΌλ¦„" 연ꡬ인데,
07:45
that tracked weight against diet
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μ‹μ΄μš”λ²•μ— λ°˜ν•΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 체쀑과
07:48
and tracked weight against inactivity,
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λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±μ— λ°˜ν•΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 체쀑을 μΆ”μ ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
07:50
and found a much higher, stronger correlation
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λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±κ³Ό 체쀑 사이에
07:52
between the latter two.
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훨씬 더 λ†’κ³  κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 상관관계λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:54
Dr. James Levine at, in this case,
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμž„μŠ€ 레빈 λ°•μ‚¬λŠ”
07:56
the aptly-named Mayo Clinic
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λ§ˆμš” ν΄λ¦¬λ‹‰μ΄λΌλŠ” κ³³μ—μ„œ
07:59
put his test subjects in electronic underwear,
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그의 ν”Όν—˜μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ
08:03
held their diet steady,
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지속적인 λ‹€μ΄μ–΄νŠΈλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ „μž μ†μ˜·μ„ μž…νžŒ λ’€,
08:05
and then started pumping the calories in.
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칼둜리λ₯Ό μ£Όμž…ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:07
Some people gained weight,
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 체쀑이 λŠ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
08:09
some people didn't gain weight.
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 체쀑이 λŠ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
Expecting some metabolic or DNA factor at work,
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹ μ§„λŒ€μ‚¬μ  λ˜λŠ” DNA μš”μΈμ„ κΈ°λŒ€ν–ˆλ˜ 그듀은
08:13
they were shocked to learn that the only difference
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그듀이 λ°œκ²¬ν•œ ν”Όν—˜μžλ“€ κ°„μ˜ μœ μΌν•œ 차이가
08:15
between the subjects that they could figure out
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ν”Όν—˜μžλ“€μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ˜ μ •λ„λž€ 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³ λŠ”
08:17
was the amount they were moving,
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깜짝 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
and that in fact those who gained weight
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체쀑이 λŠ˜μ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
08:21
were sitting, on average, two hours more per day
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그렇지 μ•ŠλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ³΄λ‹€ 보톡
08:24
than those who didn't.
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맀일 두 μ‹œκ°„ 이상 앉아 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
So we have these studies that tie
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체쀑과 λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„± μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ”
08:28
weight to inactivity, but even more,
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연ꡬλ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그런데 λ”μš± λ†€λžκ²Œλ„
08:30
we now have studies that tie weight to where you live.
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체쀑과 주거지 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 연ꡬ도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
Do you live in a more walkable city
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 걷기에 더 μ•Œλ§žμ€ λ„μ‹œμ— μ‚΄κ³  κ³„μ‹ κ°€μš”?
08:34
or do you live in a less walkable city,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 걷기에 덜 μ•Œλ§žμ€ λ„μ‹œμ— μ‚΄κ³  κ³„μ‹ κ°€μš”?
08:36
or where in your city do you live?
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두 λ„μ‹œ 쀑 어디에 μ‚΄κ³  κ³„μ‹œμ£ ?
08:37
In San Diego, they used Walk Score --
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μƒŒλ””μ—κ³ μ—μ„œλŠ” 'κ±·κΈ° 점수'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ°μš”,
08:40
Walk Score rates every address in America
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이 점수λ₯Ό 미ꡭ의 λͺ¨λ“  지역에,
08:42
and soon the world
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λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ 곧 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜
08:44
in terms of how walkable it is --
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각 지역이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 걷도둝 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
08:46
they used Walk Score to designate more walkable neighborhoods
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κ±·κΈ° 점수λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ 걷기에 보닀 μ•Œλ§žμ€ 지역과
08:49
and less walkable neighborhoods.
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그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 지역을 μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
Well guess what? If you lived in a more walkable neighborhood,
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그럼 ν•œλ²ˆ λ§žμΆ°λ³ΌκΉŒμš”? λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 걷기에 보닀 μ•Œλ§žμ€ 곳에 μ‚°λ‹€λ©΄,
08:54
you were 35 percent likely to be overweight.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 과체쀑이 될 ν™•λ₯ μ€ 35%μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:56
If you lived in a less walkable neighborhood,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 덜 걷게 ν•˜λŠ” 지역에 μ‚°λ‹€λ©΄,
08:58
you were 60 percent likely to be overweight.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 과체쀑이 될 ν™•λ₯ μ€ 60%μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:01
So we have study after study now
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방금 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 거주지와
09:02
that's tying where you live
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κ±΄κ°•μ˜ 연관성에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ듀을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:05
to your health, particularly as in America,
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특히 미ꡭ의 κ²½μš°μ— μžˆμ–΄,
09:07
the biggest health crisis we have is this one
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ΄‰μ°©ν•œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 κ±΄κ°•μœ„ν—˜μ€
09:09
that's stemming from environmental-induced inactivity.
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μ£Όλ³€ν™˜κ²½μœΌλ‘œ μΈν•œ λΉ„ν™œλ™μ„±μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
And I learned a new word last week.
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μ§€λ‚œ 주에 μ €λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 단어 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:16
They call these neighborhoods "obesageneric."
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이런 μ£Όλ³€ν™˜κ²½μ„ "본래 λΉ„λ§Œμ μΈ (obesageneric)" 이라고 ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”.
09:19
I may have that wrong, but you get the idea.
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μ œκ°€ μ •ν™•νžˆ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ, 무슨 λœ»μΈμ§€λŠ” μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€μš”?
09:22
Now that's one thing, of course.
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λ¬Όλ‘  이것은 ν•œ 가지 μš”μΈμΌ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:24
Briefly mentioning, we have an asthma epidemic
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κ°„λž΅νžˆ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬
09:27
in this country.
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μ²œμ‹μ΄λΌλŠ” 전염병을 μ•“κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
You probably haven't thought that much about it.
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μ‹¬κ°ν•˜κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌμ…¨μ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ,
09:29
Fourteen Americans die each day from asthma,
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미ꡭ인 14λͺ…이 맀일 μ²œμ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:32
three times what it was in the '90s,
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μ΄λŠ” 90λ…„λŒ€μ˜ 3배에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μˆ˜μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
and it's almost all coming from car exhaust.
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거의 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μžλ™μ°¨ λ°°κΈ°κ°€μŠ€λ‘œ μΈν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:38
American pollution does not come
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미ꡭ의 μ˜€μ—Όμ€ 더 이상 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
from factories anymore, it comes from tailpipes,
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μžλ™μ°¨ λ°°κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
and the amount that people are driving in your city,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λ„μ‹œμ˜ μš΄μ „λŸ‰,
09:44
your urban VMT, is a good prediction
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즉, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ„μ‹œμ˜ μ°¨κ°€ μš΄μ „λœ λ§ˆμΌλ¦¬μ§€(VMT)λŠ”
09:47
of the asthma problems in your city.
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μ²œμ‹ 문제의 쒋은 예츑 도ꡬ가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:49
And then finally, in terms of driving,
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ „μ— κ΄€ν•΄ 이야기 ν•˜μžλ©΄,
09:52
there's the issue of the single-largest killer
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건μž₯ν•œ μ„±μΈμ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μœ„ν—˜μš”μΈμ΄μž
09:55
of healthy adults, and one of the largest killers
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μ „ μ—°λ Ήμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μœ„ν—˜μš”μΈ μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
09:57
of all people, is car crashes.
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μžλ™μ°¨ μ‚¬κ³ λΌλŠ” 쟁점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:59
And we take car crashes for granted.
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그런데 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μžλ™μ°¨ 사고λ₯Ό λ‹Ήμ—°ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ—¬κΈ°μ§€μš”.
10:01
We figure it's a natural risk
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λ„λ‘œ μœ„μ˜ λ‹Ήμ—°ν•œ μœ„ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ
10:03
of being on the road.
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μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
But in fact, here in America, 12 people
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 사싀 미ꡭ의 10만λͺ… 쀑
10:07
out of every 100,000
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12λͺ…이 맀일
10:09
die every year from car crashes.
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μžλ™μ°¨ μΆ”λŒμ‚¬κ³ λ‘œ μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
We're pretty safe here.
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이건 λ‹€μ†Œ μ•ˆμ „ν•œ κ±°μ—μš”.
10:12
Well, guess what? In England, it's seven per 100,000.
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그럼 ν•œλ²ˆ λ§žμΆ°λ³΄μ„Έμš”. μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” 10만λͺ…에 7λͺ…이고,
10:15
It's Japan, it's four per 100,000.
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μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 10만λͺ…에 4λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:17
Do you know where it's three per 100,000?
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10만λͺ…에 3λͺ…인 곳은 μ–΄λ””μΌκΉŒμš”?
10:19
New York City.
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λ‰΄μš•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
San Francisco, the same thing. Portland, the same thing.
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μƒŒν”„λž€μ‹œμŠ€μ½”, ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œλ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ΄κ΅¬μš”.
10:23
Oh, so cities make us safer
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μ•„, 그러면 μš΄μ „μ„ 적게 ν• μˆ˜λ‘
10:26
because we're driving less?
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더 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ΅°μš”!
10:28
Tulsa: 14 per 100,000.
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νˆ΄μ‚¬λŠ” 10만λͺ…에 14λͺ….
10:30
Orlando: 20 per 100,000.
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μ˜¬λž€λ„λŠ” 10만λͺ…에 20λͺ….
10:33
It's not whether you're in the city or not,
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이런 μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ–΄λŠ λ„μ‹œλƒμ— λ”°λΌμ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
10:35
it's how is your city designed?
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λ„μ‹œκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ””μžμΈλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λ”°λΌμ„œμ—μš”.
10:37
Was it designed around cars or around people?
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주변이 μžλ™μ°¨μ™€ μ‚¬λžŒ 쀑 λˆ„κ΅¬λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ””μžμΈ λ˜μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?
10:41
Because if your city is designed around cars,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ„μ‹œκ°€ μ°¨λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ””μžμΈλ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
10:42
it's really good at smashing them into each other.
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μžλ™μ°¨ 사고가 λ°œμƒν•˜κΈ° μ‰¬μš΄ κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
10:47
That's part of a much larger health argument.
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이건 훨씬 더 큰 λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Έ 건강에 κ΄€ν•œ μ£Όμž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:51
Finally, the environmental argument is fascinating,
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, μ•½ 10λ…„ μ „
10:53
because the environmentalists turned on a dime
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κΈ‰νžˆ μž…μž₯을 λ°”κΎΌ
10:55
about 10 years ago.
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ν™˜κ²½μ μΈ μ£Όμž₯은 ν₯λ―Έλ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
The environmental movement in America
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λ―Έκ΅­λ‚΄ ν™˜κ²½ κ΄€λ ¨ μš΄λ™μ€
10:58
has historically been an anti-city movement
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μ œνΌμŠ¨λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ„œ
11:02
from Jefferson on.
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μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 반(anti)-λ„μ‹œ μš΄λ™μœΌλ‘œ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
"Cities are pestilential to the health,
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"λ„μ‹œλŠ” 건강에,
11:05
to the liberties, to the morals of man.
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μžμœ μ—, μΈκ°„μ˜ 도덕에 ν•΄λ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
If we continue to pile upon ourselves in cities,
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λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μœ λŸ½μΈλ“€μ΄ μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ ν–ˆλ˜ 것 처럼
11:09
as they do in Europe, we shall become as corrupt
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ λ„μ‹œμ— 우리의 삢을 μŒ“μ•„μ˜¬λ¦°λ‹€λ©΄,
11:11
as they are in Europe
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μœ λŸ½μΈλ“€μ΄ μœ ν—™μ—μ„œ κ·ΈλŸ°κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ μš°λ¦¬λ„ λΆ€νŒ¨ν•΄μ§ˆ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
and take to eating one another as they do there."
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그리고 κ·Έλ“€μ²˜λŸΌ μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μž‘μ•„λ¨Ήμ„ κ±°μ—μš”."
11:15
He apparently had a sense of humor.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λˆ„κ°€λ΄λ„ 유머감각이 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
11:18
And then the American environmental movement
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ 미ꡭ의 ν™˜κ²½μš΄λ™μ€
11:20
has been a classically Arcadian movement.
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고전적인 λͺ©κ°€μ  이상ν–₯을 μ°ΎλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
To become more environmental, we move into the country,
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λ”μš± μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μ΄ 되렀면, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „μ›μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:24
we commune with nature, we build suburbs.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μžμ—°κ³Ό 사귀고, ꡐ외λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
But, of course, we've seen what that does.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 무엇을 ν•˜λŠ” 것인지 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:31
The carbon mapping of America,
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μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œκ°€ μ–΄λ””μ„œ λ°°μΆœλ˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Œλ €μ£ΌλŠ”
11:33
where is the CO2 being emitted,
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미ꡭ의 νƒ„μ†Œ 지도가
11:35
for many years only
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이런 μ£Όμž₯을 μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ κ°•λ ₯히
11:37
hammered this argument in more strongly.
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λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ν•΄ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:40
If you look at any carbon map, because we map it per square mile,
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νƒ„μ†Œ 지도λ₯Ό 보면, 마치 λ°€ ν•˜λŠ˜ μœ„μ„± 사진 κ°™μ•„μš”.
11:43
any carbon map of the U.S.,
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λͺ¨λ“  νƒ„μ†Œμ§€λ„μ— 1ν‰λ°©λ§ˆμΌλ§ˆλ‹€
11:44
it looks like a night sky satellite photo of the U.S.,
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λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λ”μš΄ κ³³, κ΅μ™Έμ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ„ μ„ ν•œ κ³³,
11:47
hottest in the cities, cooler in the suburbs,
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μ‹œκ³¨μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ‘‘κ³  ν‰ν™”λ‘œμš΄ κ³³
11:50
dark, peaceful in the countryside.
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λ“±μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν‘œμ‹œν•΄ λ‘μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
11:53
Until some economists said, you know,
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음, μ—¬λŸ¬ κ²½μ œν•™μžλ“€μ΄ λ§ν•˜κΈ° 전에,
11:55
is that the right way to measure CO2?
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그것이 μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ λ°©λ²•μΌκΉŒμš”?
11:58
There are only so many people in this country at any given time,
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μ–Έμ œλ“ μ§€ μ‹œκ³¨μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ‚΄κ³ ,
12:00
and we can choose to live where perhaps
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 영ν–₯을 적게 λ°›λŠ” 곳에
12:02
we would have a lighter impact.
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μ‚΄ 것을 선택할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:03
And they said, let's measure CO2 per household,
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그듀이 λ§ν–ˆμ£ , "가ꡬ당 μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œμ–‘μ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€."
12:06
and when they did that, the maps just flipped,
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그듀이 μΈ‘μ •ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ, μ§€λ„λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:09
coolest in the center city, warmer in the suburbs,
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λ„μ‹¬μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ„ μ„ ν•œ κ³³, κ΅μ™Έμ˜ 더 λ”°λœ»ν•œ κ³³,
12:12
and red hot in these exurban
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μ€€κ΅μ™Έμ§€μ˜ νƒ€λŠ” λ“― λ”μš΄ 곳으둜 ν‘œκΈ°κ°€ λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:14
"drive till you qualify" neighborhoods.
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"쑰건이 λ§žμ„ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 멀리" λ₯Ό 따라 μ΄μ£Όν•œ μ΄μ›ƒλ“€λ‘œ 인해.
12:17
So a fundamental shift, and now you have
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이런 근본적인 변화와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
12:19
environmentalists and economists like Ed Glaeser
303
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ν™˜κ²½λ‘ μžλ“€κ³Ό μ—λ“œμ›Œλ“œ κΈ€λ ˆμ΄μ € 같은 κ²½μ œν•™μžλ“€μ΄
12:22
saying we are a destructive species.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 파괴적인 쒅이라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ“£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:24
If you love nature, the best thing you can do
305
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μžμ—°μ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ΅œμ„ μ€
12:27
is stay the heck away from it,
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그런 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° κ·€λ₯Ό λ‹«κ³ ,
12:29
move to a city, and the denser the better,
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λ„μ‹œλ‘œ μ΄λ™ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ‘°λ°€ν•˜λ©΄ ν• μˆ˜λ‘ 더 λ‚«μ£ .
12:31
and the denser cities like Manhattan
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λ§¨ν•˜νƒ„κ³Ό 같은 λ°€μ§‘ν•œ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ€
12:34
are the cities that perform the best.
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μ΅œμ„ μ„ μ‹€μ²œν•˜κΈ° 쒋은 곳이죠.
12:36
So the average Manhattanite is consuming gasoline
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λ§¨ν•˜νƒ„μ€ ν‰κ· μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 지역보닀
12:40
at the rate the rest of the nation hasn't seen since the '20s,
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20λ…„ λŒ€ 이후 기둝적인 λΉ„μœ¨λ‘œ λ‹¬λΌμŠ€μ—μ„œ μ†ŒλΉ„λ˜λŠ” μ „λ ₯의
12:45
consuming half of the electricity of Dallas.
312
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절반의 휘발유λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:48
But of course, we can do better.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 μž˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
Canadian cities, they consume half the gasoline of American cities.
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μΊλ‚˜λ‹€ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ€ λ―Έκ΅­ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ˜ 가솔린 μ†ŒλΉ„λŸ‰μ˜ 절반만 μ†ŒλΉ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:53
European cities consume half as much again.
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유럽 λ„μ‹œλ“€μ€ 1.5λ°° μ†ŒλΉ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
So obviously, we can do better,
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 μž˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:00
and we want to do better, and we're all trying to be green.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 μž˜ν•˜κΈΈ μ›ν•˜λ©° μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μ΄ 되렀고 μ• μ“°κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:03
My final argument in this topic is that
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μ œκ°€ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λ“œλ¦¬κ³  싢은 말씀은
13:05
I think we're trying to be green the wrong way,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 잘λͺ»λœ λ°©ν–₯으둜 μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μ΄λ €κ³  μ• μ“΄λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:09
and I'm one of many people who believes that
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μ €λŠ” μ „μžμ œν’ˆκ³Ό
13:11
this focus on gadgets,
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μ•‘μ„Έμ„œλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 관심 λ“±,
13:14
on accessorizing --
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우리의 μ‚Άμ˜ 방식을 λ”μš± μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
13:17
What can I add to my house,
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집에 무엇을 λ”ν•˜λ©΄ μ’‹μ„κΉŒ?
13:19
what can I add to what I've already got
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이미 가진 것에 무엇을 더할 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ? 에
13:21
to make my lifestyle more sustainable? --
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관심을 κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³ 
13:24
has kind of dominated the discussion.
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μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
So I'm not immune to this.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ „μžμ œν’ˆκ³Ό μ—‘μ„Έμ„œλ¦¬ λΆ€κ°€ν•˜κΈ°μ— λ©΄μ—­λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ£ .
13:27
My wife and I built a new house
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뢀인과 μ €λŠ” μƒˆ 집을
13:29
on an abandoned lot in Washington, D.C.,
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μ›Œμ‹±ν„΄ D.C. 의 버렀진 뢀지에 μ§€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:32
and we did our best to clear the shelves
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΉœν™˜κ²½ μƒν’ˆμ„ νŒŒλŠ” μƒμ μ—μ„œ
13:34
of the sustainability store.
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ν•„μš”ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  것을 κ΅¬λ§€ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:36
We've got the solar photovoltaic system,
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νƒœμ–‘μ—΄λ°œμ „ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œκ³Ό
13:38
solar hot water heater, dual-flush toilets,
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νƒœμ–‘μ—΄ μ˜¨μˆ˜κΈ°μ™€ 2단계 μ–‘λ³€κΈ°,
13:41
bamboo floors.
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λŒ€λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ°”λ‹₯을 κ°–μΆ”μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:43
A log burning in my German high-tech stove
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제 λ…μΌμ œ 첨단 μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” ν†΅λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό νƒœμš°λŠ”λ°,
13:46
apparently, supposedly, contributes less carbon
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ, μ•„λ§ˆ, ν†΅λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό κ·Έλƒ₯ 두어 μˆ²μ—μ„œ 뢄해될 λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€
13:49
to the atmosphere than were it left alone
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더 적은 νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό
13:50
to decompose in the forest.
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λ°°μΆœν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:53
Yet all of these innovations --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 λͺ¨λ“  ν˜μ‹ λ“€μ€ --
13:55
That's what they said in the brochure.
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λΈŒλ‘œμ…”μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 될 거라고 ν•œκ±°μ§€μš”.
13:57
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
13:58
All of these innovations together
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이 λͺ¨λ“  ν˜μ‹ λ“€μ€
14:01
contribute a fraction of what we contribute
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 도심 λ‚΄ μ§€ν•˜μ² μ—μ„œ
14:04
by living in a walkable neighborhood
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μ„Έ λΈ”λŸ­ μ •λ„λŠ” κ±·λŠ” 주변에 μ‚¬λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œλ„
14:06
three blocks from a metro in the heart of a city.
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λΆ€λΆ„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ°Έμ—¬ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:09
We've changed all our light bulbs to energy-savers,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 전ꡬ도 μ ˆμ „μš©μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:12
and you should do the same thing,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„ λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ ν•˜μ…”μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:13
but changing all your light bulbs to energy-savers
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 전ꡬλ₯Ό κ΅μ²΄ν•˜λ©΄
14:15
saves as much energy in a year
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μ—°κ°„ λ§Žμ€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ ˆμ•½ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ—μš”.
14:17
as moving to a walkable city does in a week.
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κ±·λŠ” μΌμƒμ—μ„œ 맀주 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚΄λŠ” 것 만큼 λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
14:20
And we don't want to have this argument.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€κ³Ό νŒλ§€μžλ“€μ΄ μΉœν™˜κ²½μ  μƒν™œμ„
14:21
Politicians and marketers are afraid
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"μƒν™œλ°©μ‹μ˜ 선택"으둜 λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό
14:23
of marketing green as a "lifestyle choice."
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κΊΌλ €ν•œλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šμ•„μš”.
14:27
You don't want to tell Americans, God forbid,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 미ꡭ인이
14:30
that they have to change their lifestyle.
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μ‚Άμ˜ 양식을 λ°”κΎΈμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³ λŠ” λ§ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•ŠμœΌμ‹œμ£ .
14:32
But what if lifestyle was really about quality of life
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ μ‚Άμ˜ 방식이 정말 μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ— κ΄€ν•œ 것이라면,
14:35
and about perhaps something that we would all enjoy more,
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그리고 μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ 더 즐길 수 μžˆλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 것,
14:38
something that would be better than what we have right now?
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ν˜„μž¬ 보닀 더 λ‚˜μ€ μƒν™œ 방식이라면 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
14:41
Well, the gold standard of quality of life rankings,
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2511
μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆœμœ„μ˜ 기쀀에 λŒ€ν•œ ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 쑰사λ₯Ό
14:43
it's called the Mercer Survey.
360
883977
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λ¨Έμ„œ 섀문쑰사라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:45
You may have heard of it.
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885966
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ•„λ§ˆ 듀어보셨을 κ±°μ—μš”.
14:47
They rank hundreds of nations worldwide
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μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ„ 높이기 μœ„ν•΄ 10개의 κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ
14:50
according to 10 criteria that they believe add up
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μ „ 세계 수백 개의 λ‚˜λΌμ˜
14:52
to quality of life: health, economics, education,
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μˆœμœ„λ₯Ό μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:57
housing, you name it.
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이 10개의 기쀀은 건강, 경제, ꡐ윑, μ£Όκ±°, λ“±. μ—΄κ±°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“ κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
15:01
There's six more. Short talk.
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6개 더 λ‚¨μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 짧은 κ°•μ˜μž–μ•„μš”.
15:03
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:05
And it's very interesting to see that
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 λ„μ‹œ 1μœ„μΈ, ν˜Έλ†€λ£°λ£¨κ°€
15:07
the highest-ranking American city, Honolulu,
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 28μœ„μ΄κ³ 
15:10
number 28, is followed by kind of the usual suspects
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μ‹œμ• ν‹€κ³Ό λ³΄μŠ€ν†€, 그리고 λͺ¨λ“  걷기에 μ•Œλ§žμ€ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄
15:14
of Seattle and Boston and all walkable cities.
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λ’€λ₯Ό μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:17
The driving cities in the Sun Belt,
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μ„ λ²¨νŠΈμ˜ μžλ™μ°¨ λ„μ‹œ,
15:19
the Dallases and the Phoenixes and, sorry, Atlanta,
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λ‹¬λΌμŠ€μ™€ ν”Όλ‹‰μŠ€, 그리고 λ―Έμ•ˆν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„ν‹€λž€νƒ€λ„μš”,
15:22
these cities are not appearing on the list.
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이런 λ„μ‹œλ“€μ€ λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈμ— 였λ₯΄μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ£ .
15:26
But who's doing even better?
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그럼 μ–΄λ””κ°€ 높은 μˆœμœ„μ˜€μ„κΉŒμš”?
15:27
The Canadian cities like Vancouver,
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μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό 절반 μ •λ„λ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”
15:30
where again, they're burning half the fuel.
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벀쿠버 같은 μΊλ‚˜λ‹€ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:32
And then it's usually won by cities where they speak German,
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그리고 뒀셀도λ₯΄ν”„λ‚˜ λΉ„μ—”λ‚˜ 같은
15:35
like Dusseldorf or Vienna,
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μš°λ¦¬λ³΄λ‹€ 절반의 μ„μœ λ₯Ό μ†ŒλΉ„ν•˜λŠ”
15:37
where they're burning, again, half as much fuel.
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λ…μΌκΆŒ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ΄ λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈμ— μ˜¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:39
And you see this alignment, this strange alignment.
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이 μ •λ ¬μˆœμ„œ, 이 μ΄μƒν•œ μ •λ ¬μˆœμ„œλ₯Ό λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
15:42
Is being more sustainble
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λ”μš± 지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 것이
15:44
what gives you a higher quality of life?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ„ λ†’μ—¬μ£Όλ‚˜μš”?
15:46
I would argue the same thing
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μ €λŠ” λ”μš± 지속가λŠ₯ν•œ 삢이
15:49
that makes you more sustainble
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1981
더 μˆ˜μ€€ 높은 삢을 μ‚¬λŠ” 것과
15:51
is what gives you a higher quality of life,
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λ™μΌν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 말씀을 λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:53
and that's living in a walkable neighborhood.
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그리고 그것은 걷기에 μ•Œλ§žμ€ μ΄μ›ƒμ—μ„œ μ‚¬λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:56
So sustainability, which includes our wealth
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우리의 뢀와 건강을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ”
16:00
and our health
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지속가λŠ₯성은
16:02
may not be a direct function of our sustainability.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 지속가λŠ₯μ„±κ³ΌλŠ” 무관할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:07
But particularly here in America,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 이곳 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ,
16:09
we are polluting so much
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ 많이 μ˜€μ—Όμ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:12
because we're throwing away our time
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μ‹œκ°„μ„ ν—ˆλΉ„ν•˜κ³ 
16:14
and our money and our lives on the highway,
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돈과 삢을 κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œ μœ„μ—μ„œ λ‚­λΉ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:17
then these two problems would seem to share
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이런 두 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ™μΌν•œ 해결책을 κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:19
the same solution, which is to make our cities
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λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό 더 걷기에 μ•Œλ§žμ€ 곳으둜
16:22
more walkable.
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λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이죠.
16:23
Doing so isn't easy, but it can be done,
398
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ‰½μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ, κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:26
it has been done,
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μ—¬νƒœκ» 그래 μ™”κ΅¬μš”.
16:27
and it's being done now in more than a few cities,
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그리고 μ „ 세계 μ—¬λŸ¬ 곳의 λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ
16:30
around the globe and in our country.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:32
I take some solace from Winston Churchill,
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μ €λŠ” μœˆμŠ€ν„΄ μ²˜μΉ λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ•½κ°„μ˜ μœ„λ‘œλ₯Ό λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:35
who put it this way:
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 λ§ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
16:37
"The Americans can be counted on
404
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"미ꡭ인듀은 λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€μ•ˆμ΄ λ°”λ‹₯λ‚˜λ©΄
16:38
to do the right thing
405
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μ˜³μ€ 일을 ν•  것이라고
16:40
once they have exhausted the alternatives." (Laughter)
406
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신뒰될 수 μžˆλ‹€." (μ›ƒμŒ)
16:42
Thank you.
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1996
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:44
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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