Jeff Speck: The walkable city

364,774 views ใƒป 2013-10-14

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:13
So I'm a city planner, an urban designer,
0
13228
4290
์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๊ธฐํš์ž์ด์ž ๋„์‹œ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
former arts advocate,
1
17518
2072
์˜ˆ์ „์— ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์˜นํ˜ธ๋ก ์ž์˜€๊ณ 
00:19
trained in architecture and art history,
2
19590
3793
๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
and I want to talk to you today not about design
3
23383
3134
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:26
but about America
4
26517
2436
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”.
00:28
and how America can be more economically resilient,
5
28953
4205
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ๋ ๊นŒ,
00:33
how America can be healthier,
6
33158
2325
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€,
00:35
and how America can be
7
35483
1653
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด
00:37
more environmentally sustainable.
8
37136
2618
์ƒํƒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
And I realize this is a global forum,
9
39754
2418
์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ† ๋ก ์žฅ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
00:42
but I think I need to talk about America
10
42172
2069
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
00:44
because there is a history,
11
44241
1583
๋น„๋ก ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:45
in some places, not all,
12
45824
1687
์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
00:47
of American ideas being appropriated,
13
47511
2450
์ข‹๊ฑด ๋‚˜์˜๊ฑด
00:49
being emulated, for better or for worse,
14
49961
2532
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ
00:52
around the world.
15
52493
1341
์ „์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
And the worst idea we've ever had
16
53834
2151
์ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
00:55
is suburban sprawl.
17
55985
2367
๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์  ํ™•์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
It's being emulated in many places as we speak.
18
58352
3371
์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:01
By suburban sprawl, I refer to the reorganization
19
61723
2663
๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์  ํ™•์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
01:04
of the landscape and the creation of the landscape
20
64386
2404
์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์ง„
01:06
around the requirement of automobile use,
21
66790
4336
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
01:11
and that the automobile that was once an instrument of freedom
22
71126
2643
ํ•œ ๋•Œ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์˜€๋˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€
01:13
has become a gas-belching,
23
73769
3751
์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ํ† ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ 
01:17
time-wasting and life-threatening
24
77520
2600
์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋นผ์•—๊ณ 
์‚ถ์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š”
01:20
prosthetic device
25
80120
1433
์ธ๊ณต ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
that many of us need just to,
26
81553
1636
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด, ์•„๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์˜
01:23
most Americans, in fact, need,
27
83189
1588
01:24
just to live their daily lives.
28
84777
2320
์ผ์ƒ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:27
And there's an alternative.
29
87097
1584
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
You know, we say, half the world is living in cities.
30
88681
1588
์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:30
Well, in America, that living in cities,
31
90269
1941
๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€
01:32
for many of them, they're living in cities still
32
92210
1658
์•„์ง๋„ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ
01:33
where they're dependent on that automobile.
33
93868
2266
๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
And what I work for, and to do,
34
96134
2979
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ• ์ผ์€,
01:39
is to make our cities more walkable.
35
99113
2686
๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฑธ์„๋งŒํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
But I can't give design arguments for that
36
101799
2523
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ
01:44
that will have as much impact
37
104322
1689
์—ญํ•™์ž๋“ค,
01:46
as the arguments that I've learned
38
106011
1916
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ก ์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋…ผ์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
01:47
from the economists, the epidemiologists
39
107927
3517
๊ทธ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
01:51
and the environmentalists.
40
111444
1716
๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
So these are the three arguments that I'm going
41
113160
1261
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜
01:54
to give you quickly today.
42
114421
3111
์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
When I was growing up in the '70s,
43
117532
1484
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋˜ 70๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š”
01:59
the typical American spent one tenth of their income,
44
119016
3635
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์€ ์†Œ๋“์˜ 10%์„
02:02
American family, on transportation.
45
122651
3239
๊ตํ†ต๋น„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Since then, we've doubled the number of roads
46
125890
2585
๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ดํ›„ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋„๋กœ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
02:08
in America, and we now spend one fifth
47
128475
2777
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋“์˜
02:11
of our income on transportation.
48
131252
2661
20%๋ฅผ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์ด์šฉ์— ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Working families, which are defined as
49
133913
2061
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์€
02:15
earning between 20,000 and 50,000 dollars
50
135974
1924
2๋งŒ์—์„œ 5๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ
02:17
a year in America
51
137898
1959
๋ฒ„๋Š”๋ฐ
02:19
are spending more now on transportation
52
139857
2504
์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์ด์šฉ์—
02:22
than on housing, slightly more,
53
142361
2238
๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
because of this phenomenon called "drive till you qualify,"
54
144599
3233
"์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋งž์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:27
finding homes further and further and further
55
147832
2418
๋„์‹ฌ์ง€์™€ ์ง์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:30
from the city centers and from their jobs,
56
150250
2927
์ ์  ๋จผ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ง‘์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:33
so that they're locked in this, two, three hours,
57
153177
2525
์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ์—
02:35
four hours a day of commuting.
58
155702
2197
2์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ 4์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
And these are the neighborhoods, for example,
59
157899
1474
์ด๋“ค์€
02:39
in the Central Valley of California
60
159373
2422
๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ๋ถ•๊ดด์™€ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šน์—๋„
02:41
that weren't hurt when the housing bubble burst
61
161795
3107
ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๋ถ€์ดŒ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜
02:44
and when the price of gas went up;
62
164902
2222
์ด์›ƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:47
they were decimated.
63
167124
2268
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:49
And in fact, these are many
64
169392
1266
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๋Š”
02:50
of the half-vacant communities that you see today.
65
170658
2603
๋ฐ˜์ฏค ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์†์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Imagine putting everything you have into your mortgage,
66
173261
3181
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ €๋‹น์žกํžˆ๊ณ  ์žƒ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:56
it goes underwater, and you have to pay
67
176442
2073
์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋„๋กœ ๊ตํ†ต๋น„๋กœ
02:58
twice as much for all the driving that you're doing.
68
178515
3865
๋‘๋ฐฐ์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:02
So we know what it's done to our society
69
182380
2720
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ด๋ฉฐ
03:05
and all the extra work we have to do
70
185100
2331
์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:07
to support our cars.
71
187431
1769
ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
What happens when a city decides
72
189200
1732
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ์„ธ์šธ ๋•Œ
03:10
it's going to set other priorities?
73
190932
2274
๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:13
And probably the best example we have here
74
193206
1972
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š”
03:15
in America is Portland, Oregon.
75
195178
2411
์˜ค๋ ˆ๊ณค์ฃผ์˜ ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
Portland made a bunch of decisions in the 1970s
76
197589
3339
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋Š” 1970๋…„๋Œ€์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
that began to distinguish it
77
200928
1698
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋ฅผ
03:22
from almost every other American city.
78
202626
2536
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:25
While most other cities were growing
79
205162
2118
๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ํš์ผ์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:27
an undifferentiated spare tire of sprawl,
80
207280
3135
ํ™•์žฅํ•ด ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
03:30
they instituted an urban growth boundary.
81
210415
2675
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ํ™•์žฅ์— ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
While most cities were reaming out their roads,
82
213090
2170
๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:35
removing parallel parking and trees
83
215260
2245
๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
03:37
in order to flow more traffic,
84
217505
2201
ํ‰ํ–‰์ฃผ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ๋•Œ,
03:39
they instituted a skinny streets program.
85
219706
3733
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋Š” ์ข์€ ๋„๋กœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:43
And while most cities were investing in more roads
86
223439
3914
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋„๋กœ์™€
03:47
and more highways, they actually invested
87
227353
2909
๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ,
03:50
in bicycling and in walking.
88
230262
2477
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:52
And they spent 60 million dollars on bike facilities,
89
232739
4065
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 6์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์„ค ํ™•์ถฉ์— ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
which seems like a lot of money,
90
236804
1433
๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
03:58
but it was spent over about 30 years,
91
238237
2516
30๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ง‘ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:00
so two million dollars a year -- not that much --
92
240753
2369
์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์ผ๊ณ 
04:03
and half the price of the one cloverleaf
93
243122
2325
๋„์‹œ ๋‚ด ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:05
that they decided to rebuild in that city.
94
245447
2819
์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
These changes and others like them changed
95
248266
1969
์ด๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์€
04:10
the way that Portlanders live,
96
250235
1962
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ
04:12
and their vehicle-miles traveled per day,
97
252197
2161
ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ฃผํ–‰ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€
04:14
the amount that each person drives,
98
254358
1559
์ฃผํ–‰๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
actually peaked in 1996,
99
255917
2313
์‚ฌ์‹ค 1996๋…„์— ์ตœ๊ณ ์กฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋˜
04:18
has been dropping ever since,
100
258230
2101
์ฃผํ–‰๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ค„์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:20
and they now drive 20 percent less
101
260331
2064
์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
04:22
than the rest of the country.
102
262395
1433
์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด 20%๋‚˜ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
The typical Portland citizen drives
103
263828
2756
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€
04:26
four miles less, and 11 minutes less per day
104
266584
3968
์ „๋ณด๋‹ค 4 ๋งˆ์ผ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
11 ๋ถ„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
than they did before.
105
270552
2322
04:32
The economist Joe Cortright did the math
106
272874
1987
๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž ์กฐ ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํŠธ๋Š”
04:34
and he found out that those four miles
107
274861
1518
์ด 4 ๋งˆ์ผ์— 11 ๋ถ„์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
04:36
plus those 11 minutes
108
276379
1432
๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ „์ฒด ์†Œ๋“์˜
04:37
adds up to fully three and a half percent
109
277811
1922
3.5%์— ๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
04:39
of all income earned in the region.
110
279733
2530
๊ณ„์‚ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
So if they're not spending that money on driving --
111
282263
1876
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šด์ „์— ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:44
and by the way, 85 percent of the money
112
284139
1613
-- ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์šด์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์˜ 85%๊ฐ€
04:45
we spend on driving leaves the local economy --
113
285752
2594
์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
04:48
if they're not spending that money on driving,
114
288346
1875
๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ์šด์ „์— ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:50
what are they spending it on?
115
290221
1771
์–ด๋””์— ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:51
Well, Portland is reputed to have
116
291992
1677
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋Š”
04:53
the most roof racks per capita,
117
293669
2922
์ธ๊ตฌ๋‹น ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ง€๋ถ• ์œ„์˜ ์ง์นธ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ๊ณ 
04:56
the most independent bookstores per capita,
118
296591
2840
๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ฆฝ ์„œ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:59
the most strip clubs per capita.
119
299431
3244
๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฝ์‡ผ ํด๋Ÿฝ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
These are all exaggerations, slight exaggerations
120
302675
2636
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:05
of a fundamental truth, which is Portlanders
121
305311
1639
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
05:06
spend a lot more on recreation of all kinds
122
306950
3198
์˜จ๊ฐ– ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜ค๋ฝ์— ๋ˆ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š”
05:10
than the rest of America.
123
310148
2026
๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์‚ด์ง ๋ถ€ํ’€๋ ค ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
Actually, Oregonians spend more on alcohol
124
312174
2315
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์˜ค๋ ˆ๊ณค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
05:14
than most other states,
125
314489
1340
์ˆ ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
which may be a good thing or a bad thing,
126
315829
1565
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
05:17
but it makes you glad they're driving less.
127
317394
1999
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์šด์ „์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋„๋กํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
(Laughter)
128
319393
2373
(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:21
But actually, they're spending most of it in their homes,
129
321766
3336
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
and home investment is about as local
130
325102
2543
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋ˆ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ
05:27
an investment as you can get.
131
327660
2123
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์ด์ง€์š”.
05:29
But there's a whole other Portland story,
132
329783
1411
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:31
which isn't part of this calculus,
133
331194
1545
๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
05:32
which is that young, educated people
134
332739
2887
์ Š์€ ์ง€์‹์ธต๋“ค์ด ์ค„์ง€์–ด
05:35
have been moving to Portland in droves,
135
335626
2452
ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
so that between the last two censuses,
136
338078
2518
์ง€๋‚œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
05:40
they had a 50-percent increase
137
340596
2282
๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„ ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
05:42
in college-educated millennials,
138
342878
1864
50% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:44
which is five times what you saw anywhere else
139
344742
2184
์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ๋Š ๊ณณ์˜ -- ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ํ‰๊ท ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š” --
05:46
in the country, or, I should say, of the national average.
140
346926
3276
๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฐฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
So on the one hand, a city saves money for its residents
141
350202
4313
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ, ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๊ฑท๊ณ  ๋” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์—ฌ
05:54
by being more walkable and more bikeable,
142
354515
2580
๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
but on the other hand, it also is the cool kind of city
143
357095
2835
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
05:59
that people want to be in these days.
144
359930
2818
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
06:02
So the best economic strategy
145
362748
1393
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋„์‹œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:04
you can have as a city
146
364141
1403
๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ „๋žต์€
06:05
is not the old way of trying to attract corporations
147
365544
3714
๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:09
and trying to have a biotech cluster
148
369258
2332
์ƒ๋ช…๊ณตํ•™ ๋‹จ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:11
or a medical cluster,
149
371590
2094
๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋‹จ์ง€๋‚˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต ์šฐ์ฃผ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋‹จ์ง€๋ฅผ
06:13
or an aerospace cluster,
150
373684
1409
์ง“๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ตฌ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:15
but to become a place where people want to be.
151
375093
3100
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And millennials, certainly, these engines of entrepreneurship,
152
378193
3478
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
06:21
64 percent of whom decide first
153
381671
2841
๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ 64%๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด ๊ณณ์„
06:24
where they want to live,
154
384512
1279
๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ,
06:25
then they move there, then they look for a job,
155
385791
2016
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ์ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
06:27
they will come to your city.
156
387807
2945
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
The health argument is a scary one,
157
390752
2861
๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
and you've probably heard part of this argument before.
158
393613
2494
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ์ด์ „์— ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
06:36
Again, back in the '70s, a lot's changed since then,
159
396107
2967
๋‹ค์‹œ 70๋…„๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ด์š”. ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:39
back in the '70s, one in 10 Americans was obese.
160
399074
3110
70๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์—ด์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋งŒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:42
Now one out of three Americans is obese,
161
402184
3599
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์„ธ ๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋น„๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
and a second third of the population is overweight.
162
405783
3867
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 2/3๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
Twenty-five percent of young men
163
409650
1879
์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์ž์˜ 25%์™€
06:51
and 40 percent of young women are too heavy
164
411529
1921
์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ 40%๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์œผ๋กœ
06:53
to enlist in our own military forces.
165
413450
3651
๊ตฐ์ž…๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
According to the Center for Disease Control,
166
417101
2378
์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ด€๋ฆฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
06:59
fully one third of all children born after 2000
167
419479
3797
2008๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์ถœ์ƒํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์˜ 1/3์€
07:03
will get diabetes.
168
423276
1700
๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์„ ์•“๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
We have the first generation of children in America
169
424976
1973
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด 1์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋ณด๋‹ค
07:06
who are predicted to live shorter lives than their parents.
170
426949
3870
์งง์€ ์ƒ์• ๋ฅผ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
I believe that this American healthcare crisis
171
430819
2211
์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๋Š”
07:13
that we've all heard about
172
433030
1438
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
07:14
is an urban design crisis,
173
434468
2616
๋„์‹œ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ์ด๋ฉฐ
07:17
and that the design of our cities lies at the cure.
174
437084
2812
๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
Because we've talked a long time about diet,
175
439896
2565
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์‹์ด์š”๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ์™”๊ธฐ์—,
07:22
and we know that diet impacts weight,
176
442461
2754
์‹์ด์š”๋ฒ•์ด ์ฒด์ค‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ ,
07:25
and weight of course impacts health.
177
445215
2312
์ฒด์ค‘์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
But we've only started talking about inactivity,
178
447527
2771
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ์•ผ ๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด,
07:30
and how inactivity born of our landscape,
179
450298
3192
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด, ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
inactivity that comes from the fact that we live
180
453490
2330
๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ์€ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ์ตํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์—†์–ด์ง„
07:35
in a place where there is no longer any such thing
181
455820
1869
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„๋กฏํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:37
as a useful walk, is driving our weight up.
182
457689
3596
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒด์ค‘์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:41
And we finally have the studies,
183
461285
1574
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ค‘
07:42
one in Britain called "Gluttony versus sloth"
184
462859
2686
ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ "ํญ์‹ ๋Œ€ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฆ„" ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ธ๋ฐ,
07:45
that tracked weight against diet
185
465545
2701
์‹์ด์š”๋ฒ•์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘๊ณผ
07:48
and tracked weight against inactivity,
186
468246
1905
๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
07:50
and found a much higher, stronger correlation
187
470151
2703
๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ฒด์ค‘ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
07:52
between the latter two.
188
472854
2048
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
Dr. James Levine at, in this case,
189
474902
2017
์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ ˆ๋นˆ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
07:56
the aptly-named Mayo Clinic
190
476919
2193
๋งˆ์š” ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ
07:59
put his test subjects in electronic underwear,
191
479112
4539
๊ทธ์˜ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
08:03
held their diet steady,
192
483651
1993
์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „์ž ์†์˜ท์„ ์ž…ํžŒ ๋’ค,
08:05
and then started pumping the calories in.
193
485644
2004
์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
Some people gained weight,
194
487648
1497
๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋Š˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
08:09
some people didn't gain weight.
195
489145
1377
๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋Š˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Expecting some metabolic or DNA factor at work,
196
490522
3466
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‹ ์ง„๋Œ€์‚ฌ์  ๋˜๋Š” DNA ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
08:13
they were shocked to learn that the only difference
197
493988
1704
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€
08:15
between the subjects that they could figure out
198
495692
1882
ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์ •๋„๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š”
08:17
was the amount they were moving,
199
497574
1884
๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
and that in fact those who gained weight
200
499458
1640
์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋Š˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:21
were sitting, on average, two hours more per day
201
501098
3752
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณดํ†ต
08:24
than those who didn't.
202
504850
1316
๋งค์ผ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
So we have these studies that tie
203
506166
1943
์ฒด์ค‘๊ณผ ๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
08:28
weight to inactivity, but even more,
204
508109
2314
์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋”์šฑ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„
08:30
we now have studies that tie weight to where you live.
205
510423
2515
์ฒด์ค‘๊ณผ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
Do you live in a more walkable city
206
512938
1633
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ๋” ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
08:34
or do you live in a less walkable city,
207
514571
1436
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ๋œ ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
08:36
or where in your city do you live?
208
516007
1924
๋‘ ๋„์‹œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋””์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ ?
08:37
In San Diego, they used Walk Score --
209
517931
2665
์ƒŒ๋””์—๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” '๊ฑท๊ธฐ ์ ์ˆ˜'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
08:40
Walk Score rates every address in America
210
520596
2357
์ด ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์—ญ์—,
08:42
and soon the world
211
522953
1639
๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜
08:44
in terms of how walkable it is --
212
524592
2389
๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑท๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
08:46
they used Walk Score to designate more walkable neighborhoods
213
526981
2883
๊ฑท๊ธฐ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ
08:49
and less walkable neighborhoods.
214
529864
1693
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
Well guess what? If you lived in a more walkable neighborhood,
215
531557
2802
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:54
you were 35 percent likely to be overweight.
216
534359
2271
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋  ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ 35%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
If you lived in a less walkable neighborhood,
217
536630
2323
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋œ ๊ฑท๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:58
you were 60 percent likely to be overweight.
218
538953
2207
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋  ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ 60%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
So we have study after study now
219
541160
1838
๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์™€
09:02
that's tying where you live
220
542998
2055
๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
to your health, particularly as in America,
221
545053
2387
ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด,
09:07
the biggest health crisis we have is this one
222
547440
2130
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์ฐฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์œ„ํ—˜์€
09:09
that's stemming from environmental-induced inactivity.
223
549570
4724
์ฃผ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋น„ํ™œ๋™์„ฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
And I learned a new word last week.
224
554294
1723
์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
They call these neighborhoods "obesageneric."
225
556017
3630
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ "๋ณธ๋ž˜ ๋น„๋งŒ์ ์ธ (obesageneric)" ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:19
I may have that wrong, but you get the idea.
226
559647
3231
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”?
09:22
Now that's one thing, of course.
227
562878
1767
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Briefly mentioning, we have an asthma epidemic
228
564645
2475
๊ฐ„๋žตํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ
09:27
in this country.
229
567120
1127
์ฒœ์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์„ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
You probably haven't thought that much about it.
230
568247
1658
์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ,
09:29
Fourteen Americans die each day from asthma,
231
569905
2721
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ 14๋ช…์ด ๋งค์ผ ์ฒœ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
three times what it was in the '90s,
232
572626
2905
์ด๋Š” 90๋…„๋Œ€์˜ 3๋ฐฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
and it's almost all coming from car exhaust.
233
575531
2891
๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
American pollution does not come
234
578422
2012
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
from factories anymore, it comes from tailpipes,
235
580434
2308
์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
and the amount that people are driving in your city,
236
582742
2257
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์šด์ „๋Ÿ‰,
09:44
your urban VMT, is a good prediction
237
584999
2448
์ฆ‰, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์šด์ „๋œ ๋งˆ์ผ๋ฆฌ์ง€(VMT)๋Š”
09:47
of the asthma problems in your city.
238
587447
2502
์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
And then finally, in terms of driving,
239
589949
2215
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
09:52
there's the issue of the single-largest killer
240
592164
2906
๊ฑด์žฅํ•œ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์ด์ž
09:55
of healthy adults, and one of the largest killers
241
595070
2642
์ „ ์—ฐ๋ น์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:57
of all people, is car crashes.
242
597712
2094
์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ผ๋Š” ์Ÿ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
And we take car crashes for granted.
243
599806
1502
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ง€์š”.
10:01
We figure it's a natural risk
244
601308
1835
๋„๋กœ ์œ„์˜ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์œผ๋กœ
10:03
of being on the road.
245
603143
1582
์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
But in fact, here in America, 12 people
246
604725
3173
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ 10๋งŒ๋ช… ์ค‘
10:07
out of every 100,000
247
607898
1356
12๋ช…์ด ๋งค์ผ
10:09
die every year from car crashes.
248
609254
2098
์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ถ”๋Œ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
We're pretty safe here.
249
611352
1469
์ด๊ฑด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
10:12
Well, guess what? In England, it's seven per 100,000.
250
612821
2386
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 10๋งŒ๋ช…์— 7๋ช…์ด๊ณ ,
10:15
It's Japan, it's four per 100,000.
251
615207
1838
์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” 10๋งŒ๋ช…์— 4๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
Do you know where it's three per 100,000?
252
617045
2569
10๋งŒ๋ช…์— 3๋ช…์ธ ๊ณณ์€ ์–ด๋””์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
10:19
New York City.
253
619614
1725
๋‰ด์š•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
San Francisco, the same thing. Portland, the same thing.
254
621339
2656
์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”, ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
10:23
Oh, so cities make us safer
255
623995
2060
์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šด์ „์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
10:26
because we're driving less?
256
626055
2169
๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ตฐ์š”!
10:28
Tulsa: 14 per 100,000.
257
628224
2419
ํˆด์‚ฌ๋Š” 10๋งŒ๋ช…์— 14๋ช….
10:30
Orlando: 20 per 100,000.
258
630643
3241
์˜ฌ๋ž€๋„๋Š” 10๋งŒ๋ช…์— 20๋ช….
10:33
It's not whether you're in the city or not,
259
633884
1717
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ๋„์‹œ๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
10:35
it's how is your city designed?
260
635601
1686
๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋””์ž์ธ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ์—์š”.
10:37
Was it designed around cars or around people?
261
637287
3832
์ฃผ๋ณ€์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋””์ž์ธ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:41
Because if your city is designed around cars,
262
641119
1770
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋””์ž์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
10:42
it's really good at smashing them into each other.
263
642889
4859
์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”.
10:47
That's part of a much larger health argument.
264
647748
3735
์ด๊ฑด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
Finally, the environmental argument is fascinating,
265
651483
2269
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์•ฝ 10๋…„ ์ „
10:53
because the environmentalists turned on a dime
266
653752
2241
๊ธ‰ํžˆ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พผ
10:55
about 10 years ago.
267
655993
1519
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
The environmental movement in America
268
657512
1476
๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ด€๋ จ ์šด๋™์€
10:58
has historically been an anti-city movement
269
658988
3028
์ œํผ์Šจ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
11:02
from Jefferson on.
270
662016
1511
์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜(anti)-๋„์‹œ ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
"Cities are pestilential to the health,
271
663527
2355
"๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—,
11:05
to the liberties, to the morals of man.
272
665882
1991
์ž์œ ์—, ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„๋•์— ํ•ด๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
If we continue to pile upon ourselves in cities,
273
667873
2110
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:09
as they do in Europe, we shall become as corrupt
274
669983
1916
๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋„์‹œ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์Œ“์•„์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:11
as they are in Europe
275
671899
1415
์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์œ ํ—™์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
and take to eating one another as they do there."
276
673314
2662
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์žก์•„๋จน์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."
11:15
He apparently had a sense of humor.
277
675976
2731
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€๋ด๋„ ์œ ๋จธ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:18
And then the American environmental movement
278
678707
2053
๋‹น์‹œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์šด๋™์€
11:20
has been a classically Arcadian movement.
279
680760
2110
๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ๊ฐ€์  ์ด์ƒํ–ฅ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
To become more environmental, we move into the country,
280
682870
2113
๋”์šฑ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
we commune with nature, we build suburbs.
281
684983
2668
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€๊ณ , ๊ต์™ธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
But, of course, we've seen what that does.
282
687651
4023
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
The carbon mapping of America,
283
691674
2206
์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š”
11:33
where is the CO2 being emitted,
284
693880
1887
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€
11:35
for many years only
285
695767
1929
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํžˆ
11:37
hammered this argument in more strongly.
286
697696
2527
๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
If you look at any carbon map, because we map it per square mile,
287
700223
2841
ํƒ„์†Œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฐค ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์œ„์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
11:43
any carbon map of the U.S.,
288
703064
1515
๋ชจ๋“  ํƒ„์†Œ์ง€๋„์— 1ํ‰๋ฐฉ๋งˆ์ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค
11:44
it looks like a night sky satellite photo of the U.S.,
289
704579
3143
๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”์šด ๊ณณ, ๊ต์™ธ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ ์„ ํ•œ ๊ณณ,
11:47
hottest in the cities, cooler in the suburbs,
290
707722
2456
์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ณ  ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์šด ๊ณณ
11:50
dark, peaceful in the countryside.
291
710178
3568
๋“ฑ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:53
Until some economists said, you know,
292
713746
1939
์Œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
11:55
is that the right way to measure CO2?
293
715685
2446
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:58
There are only so many people in this country at any given time,
294
718131
1986
์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ ,
12:00
and we can choose to live where perhaps
295
720117
2087
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณณ์—
12:02
we would have a lighter impact.
296
722204
1639
์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
And they said, let's measure CO2 per household,
297
723843
2793
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ , "๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋‹น ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์–‘์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค."
12:06
and when they did that, the maps just flipped,
298
726636
2604
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ธก์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
coolest in the center city, warmer in the suburbs,
299
729240
3019
๋„์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ ์„ ํ•œ ๊ณณ, ๊ต์™ธ์˜ ๋” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๊ณณ,
12:12
and red hot in these exurban
300
732259
2676
์ค€๊ต์™ธ์ง€์˜ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏ ๋”์šด ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
"drive till you qualify" neighborhoods.
301
734935
2772
"์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋งž์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ" ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด์ฃผํ•œ ์ด์›ƒ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด.
12:17
So a fundamental shift, and now you have
302
737707
1953
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
12:19
environmentalists and economists like Ed Glaeser
303
739660
2764
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ก ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์—๋“œ์›Œ๋“œ ๊ธ€๋ ˆ์ด์ € ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
12:22
saying we are a destructive species.
304
742424
2567
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ ์ข…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
If you love nature, the best thing you can do
305
744991
2166
์ž์—ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์€
12:27
is stay the heck away from it,
306
747157
2268
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋‹ซ๊ณ ,
12:29
move to a city, and the denser the better,
307
749425
2554
๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋‚ซ์ฃ .
12:31
and the denser cities like Manhattan
308
751979
2504
๋งจํ•˜ํƒ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ€์ง‘ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€
12:34
are the cities that perform the best.
309
754483
2336
์ตœ์„ ์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
12:36
So the average Manhattanite is consuming gasoline
310
756819
4149
๋งจํ•˜ํƒ„์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๋‹ค
12:40
at the rate the rest of the nation hasn't seen since the '20s,
311
760968
4316
20๋…„ ๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์Šค์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ์˜
12:45
consuming half of the electricity of Dallas.
312
765284
3474
์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
But of course, we can do better.
313
768758
2002
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
Canadian cities, they consume half the gasoline of American cities.
314
770760
3112
์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
European cities consume half as much again.
315
773872
4094
์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ 1.5๋ฐฐ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
So obviously, we can do better,
316
777966
2196
๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
and we want to do better, and we're all trying to be green.
317
780162
3369
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
My final argument in this topic is that
318
783531
2446
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์”€์€
13:05
I think we're trying to be green the wrong way,
319
785977
3654
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
and I'm one of many people who believes that
320
789631
2176
์ €๋Š” ์ „์ž์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ
13:11
this focus on gadgets,
321
791807
3072
์•ก์„ธ์„œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๋“ฑ,
13:14
on accessorizing --
322
794879
2691
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋”์šฑ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:17
What can I add to my house,
323
797570
2019
์ง‘์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„๊นŒ?
13:19
what can I add to what I've already got
324
799589
2112
์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ์—
13:21
to make my lifestyle more sustainable? --
325
801701
2463
๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
13:24
has kind of dominated the discussion.
326
804164
1941
์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
So I'm not immune to this.
327
806105
1854
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ „์ž์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์—‘์„ธ์„œ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋ฉด์—ญ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
13:27
My wife and I built a new house
328
807959
1535
๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ง‘์„
13:29
on an abandoned lot in Washington, D.C.,
329
809494
2999
์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด D.C. ์˜ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๋ถ€์ง€์— ์ง€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
and we did our best to clear the shelves
330
812493
2102
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ํŒŒ๋Š” ์ƒ์ ์—์„œ
13:34
of the sustainability store.
331
814595
2055
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
We've got the solar photovoltaic system,
332
816650
2235
ํƒœ์–‘์—ด๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ
13:38
solar hot water heater, dual-flush toilets,
333
818885
2449
ํƒœ์–‘์—ด ์˜จ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ์™€ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์–‘๋ณ€๊ธฐ,
13:41
bamboo floors.
334
821334
1908
๋Œ€๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
A log burning in my German high-tech stove
335
823242
3372
์ œ ๋…์ผ์ œ ์ฒจ๋‹จ ์Šคํ† ๋ธŒ๋Š” ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šฐ๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:46
apparently, supposedly, contributes less carbon
336
826614
2689
๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ, ์•„๋งˆ, ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‘์–ด ์ˆฒ์—์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋  ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค
13:49
to the atmosphere than were it left alone
337
829303
1681
๋” ์ ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
13:50
to decompose in the forest.
338
830984
2112
๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
Yet all of these innovations --
339
833096
2780
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ๋“ค์€ --
13:55
That's what they said in the brochure.
340
835876
1887
๋ธŒ๋กœ์…”์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ฑฐ์ง€์š”.
13:57
(Laughter)
341
837763
1228
(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:58
All of these innovations together
342
838991
2140
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ๋“ค์€
14:01
contribute a fraction of what we contribute
343
841131
3084
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹ฌ ๋‚ด ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์—์„œ
14:04
by living in a walkable neighborhood
344
844215
1905
์„ธ ๋ธ”๋Ÿญ ์ •๋„๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
14:06
three blocks from a metro in the heart of a city.
345
846120
3771
๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
We've changed all our light bulbs to energy-savers,
346
849891
2199
์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ „๊ตฌ๋„ ์ ˆ์ „์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
and you should do the same thing,
347
852090
1350
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
but changing all your light bulbs to energy-savers
348
853440
2380
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋ฉด
14:15
saves as much energy in a year
349
855820
1632
์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
14:17
as moving to a walkable city does in a week.
350
857452
2934
๊ฑท๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋งค์ฃผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒํผ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
14:20
And we don't want to have this argument.
351
860386
1349
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํŒ๋งค์ž๋“ค์ด ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์ƒํ™œ์„
14:21
Politicians and marketers are afraid
352
861735
2208
"์ƒํ™œ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์„ ํƒ"์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
14:23
of marketing green as a "lifestyle choice."
353
863943
3733
๊บผ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
14:27
You don't want to tell Americans, God forbid,
354
867676
2917
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด
14:30
that they have to change their lifestyle.
355
870593
1861
์‚ถ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹œ์ฃ .
14:32
But what if lifestyle was really about quality of life
356
872454
3164
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ •๋ง ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
14:35
and about perhaps something that we would all enjoy more,
357
875618
2517
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋” ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ,
14:38
something that would be better than what we have right now?
358
878135
3331
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
14:41
Well, the gold standard of quality of life rankings,
359
881466
2511
์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆœ์œ„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
14:43
it's called the Mercer Survey.
360
883977
1989
๋จธ์„œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
You may have heard of it.
361
885966
1200
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•„๋งˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
14:47
They rank hundreds of nations worldwide
362
887166
3182
์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 10๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ
14:50
according to 10 criteria that they believe add up
363
890348
2413
์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜
14:52
to quality of life: health, economics, education,
364
892761
5099
์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
housing, you name it.
365
897860
3302
์ด 10๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๊ต์œก, ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ, ๋“ฑ. ์—ด๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:01
There's six more. Short talk.
366
901162
2388
6๊ฐœ ๋” ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งง์€ ๊ฐ•์˜์ž–์•„์š”.
15:03
(Laughter)
367
903550
1789
(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:05
And it's very interesting to see that
368
905339
2647
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋„์‹œ 1์œ„์ธ, ํ˜ธ๋†€๋ฃฐ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€
15:07
the highest-ranking American city, Honolulu,
369
907986
2289
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” 28์œ„์ด๊ณ 
15:10
number 28, is followed by kind of the usual suspects
370
910275
3762
์‹œ์• ํ‹€๊ณผ ๋ณด์Šคํ†ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด
15:14
of Seattle and Boston and all walkable cities.
371
914037
3939
๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
The driving cities in the Sun Belt,
372
917976
1722
์„ ๋ฒจํŠธ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋„์‹œ,
15:19
the Dallases and the Phoenixes and, sorry, Atlanta,
373
919698
3169
๋‹ฌ๋ผ์Šค์™€ ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„ํ‹€๋ž€ํƒ€๋„์š”,
15:22
these cities are not appearing on the list.
374
922867
3152
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:26
But who's doing even better?
375
926019
1818
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋””๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ˆœ์œ„์˜€์„๊นŒ์š”?
15:27
The Canadian cities like Vancouver,
376
927837
2336
์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
15:30
where again, they're burning half the fuel.
377
930173
2324
๋ฒค์ฟ ๋ฒ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
And then it's usually won by cities where they speak German,
378
932497
2811
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋’ค์…€๋„๋ฅดํ”„๋‚˜ ๋น„์—”๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€
15:35
like Dusseldorf or Vienna,
379
935308
1932
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์„์œ ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”
15:37
where they're burning, again, half as much fuel.
380
937240
2430
๋…์ผ๊ถŒ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
And you see this alignment, this strange alignment.
381
939670
2855
์ด ์ •๋ ฌ์ˆœ์„œ, ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ •๋ ฌ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:42
Is being more sustainble
382
942525
1888
๋”์šฑ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:44
what gives you a higher quality of life?
383
944413
2428
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์ฃผ๋‚˜์š”?
15:46
I would argue the same thing
384
946841
2637
์ €๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‚ถ์ด
15:49
that makes you more sustainble
385
949478
1981
๋” ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋†’์€ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
15:51
is what gives you a higher quality of life,
386
951459
2050
๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
and that's living in a walkable neighborhood.
387
953509
2991
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์ด์›ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
So sustainability, which includes our wealth
388
956500
4479
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š”
16:00
and our health
389
960979
1774
์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€
16:02
may not be a direct function of our sustainability.
390
962753
4452
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ด€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
But particularly here in America,
391
967205
2457
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ด๊ณณ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ,
16:09
we are polluting so much
392
969662
2441
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
because we're throwing away our time
393
972103
2676
์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ—ˆ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ 
16:14
and our money and our lives on the highway,
394
974779
2574
๋ˆ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
then these two problems would seem to share
395
977353
2224
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
the same solution, which is to make our cities
396
979577
2634
๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฑท๊ธฐ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
16:22
more walkable.
397
982211
1343
๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
16:23
Doing so isn't easy, but it can be done,
398
983554
2647
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
it has been done,
399
986201
1428
์—ฌํƒœ๊ป ๊ทธ๋ž˜ ์™”๊ตฌ์š”.
16:27
and it's being done now in more than a few cities,
400
987629
2564
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์˜ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ
16:30
around the globe and in our country.
401
990193
2536
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:32
I take some solace from Winston Churchill,
402
992729
3062
์ €๋Š” ์œˆ์Šคํ„ด ์ฒ˜์น ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
who put it this way:
403
995791
1370
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
16:37
"The Americans can be counted on
404
997161
1778
"๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋‚˜๋ฉด
16:38
to do the right thing
405
998939
1275
์˜ณ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
16:40
once they have exhausted the alternatives." (Laughter)
406
1000214
2749
์‹ ๋ขฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค." (์›ƒ์Œ)
16:42
Thank you.
407
1002963
1996
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
(Applause)
408
1004959
6358
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7