How sleep affects your emotions | Sleeping with Science, a TED series

240,326 views

2020-09-02 ใƒป TED


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How sleep affects your emotions | Sleeping with Science, a TED series

240,326 views ใƒป 2020-09-02

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
So exactly, how does a lack of sleep impact our emotional brain?
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ • ๋‡Œ์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ์š”?
00:05
Why does that lack of sleep make us
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด
00:06
so emotionally irrational and hyperreactive?
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๊ฐ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น„์ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ๋ฏผ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:11
[Sleeping with Science]
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[์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ณผํ•™]
00:16
Well, several years ago, we conducted a brain imaging study.
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And we took a group of healthy adults.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ธ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„œ
00:22
And we either gave them a full night of sleep
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ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:24
or we sleep-deprived them.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์ž ์„ ๋ชป ์ž๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
And then the next day, we placed them inside an MRI scanner,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ , ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค์„ MRI ์žฅ์น˜์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:30
and we looked at how their emotional brain was reacting.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ด€์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
And we focused on one structure in particular,
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ํŠนํžˆ ํŽธ๋„์ฒด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘์–ด ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
it's called the amygdala.
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00:39
And the amygdala is one of the centerpiece regions
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ํŽธ๋„์ฒด๋Š” ๋‡Œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ
00:43
for the generation of strong emotional reactions,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ • ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๊ด€์žฅํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:47
including negative emotional reactions.
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Now when we looked at those people who had had a full night of sleep,
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๋ฐค์— ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ทจํ•œ ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ๋Š”
00:54
what we saw was a nice, appropriate moderate degree
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ํŽธ๋„์ฒด์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
of reactivity from the amygdala.
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01:01
It wasn't as though there was no response at all,
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๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
but it was an appropriate response.
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01:06
Yet in those people who were sleep-deprived,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž๋“ค์€
01:09
that deep emotional brain center was in fact, hyperactive.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ์ค‘์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Indeed, the amygdala was almost 60 percent more responsive
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŽธ๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 60% ์ด์ƒ ๋” ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
under conditions of a lack of sleep.
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ผ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
01:22
But why was that the case?
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01:24
And what we went on to discover,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‡Œ ์˜์—ญ์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
is that there's another brain region that's involved.
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์ „์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
01:30
This brain region is called the prefrontal cortex,
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01:33
and it sits directly above your eyes.
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๋ˆˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
And you can think of the prefrontal cortex
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์ „์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ์€ ๋‡Œ์˜ CEO ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
almost like the CEO of your brain.
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01:41
It's very good at making high-level, executive, top-down
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๊ณ ์ฐจ์›์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹ ํ†ต์ œ์ธ
01:45
control decisions and reactions.
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๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
In fact, it's one of the most evolved regions of our brain.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ง„ํ™”๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
01:52
And one of the parts of the brain that it controls
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์ „์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ์ด ๊ด€์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
01:56
is this deep emotional center, the amygdala.
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๊นŠ์€ ๊ฐ์ •์˜ ์ค‘์ถ”์ธ ํŽธ๋„์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Now in those people who had had a full night of sleep,
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๋ฐค์ž ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
์ „์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ๊ณผ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์†Œํ†ต์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์„œ
02:03
there was a nice, strong communication and connection
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02:06
between the prefrontal cortex,
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02:08
regulating that deep emotional brain center.
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๊นŠ์€ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๋‡Œ์ค‘์ถ”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
But in those people who were sleep-deprived,
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๊ทธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ, ์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
์ „์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€ ํŽธ๋„์ฒด, ๊ฐ์ • ์ค‘์ถ” ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์†Œํ†ต๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด
02:14
that communication, that connection between the prefrontal cortex
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02:18
and that deep amygdala emotional brain center
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ ˆ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
had essentially been severed.
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02:23
And as a consequence,
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:24
the amygdala was responding far more reactively
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ํŽธ๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์˜ˆ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
due to a lack of sleep.
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02:29
It's almost as though without sleep
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:31
we become all emotional accelerator pedal,
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๊ฐ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ€์† ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ์€ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐŸ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
02:35
and too little regulatory control brake.
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์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ œ๋™ ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐŸ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
And that seems to be the reason that we become so unbuckled
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๋•Œ
๊ฐ์ • ์กฐ์ ˆ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:43
in terms of our emotional integrity
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02:46
when we haven't been sleeping well.
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ํž˜๋“ค์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
So that's the bad that can happen
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€์ •์  ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€๋งŒ
02:50
if I take sleep away from you.
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02:53
But it turns out
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
that there's something good that happens
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02:56
when you get your sleep back.
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02:59
And sleep, particularly rapid eye movement sleep,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ ˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ
03:02
actually offers a form of emotional first aid.
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๊ฐ์ •์  ์‘๊ธ‰ ์ฒ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Because it's during sleep at night
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐค์— ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋•Œ
03:09
that we take these difficult emotional experiences
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๋‚ฎ ๋™์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
that we've been having during the day,
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03:14
and that sleep acts almost like a nocturnal soothing balm,
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•ผ๊ฐ„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
03:18
taking the sharp edges off those difficult experiences.
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ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
And so perhaps it's not time that heals all wounds,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
03:28
it's time during sleep that provides that form of emotional convalescence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ์ •์  ํšŒ๋ณต์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
์ž ์ž๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด
03:35
So that when we come back the next day,
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03:37
we're able to cope with those emotional memories.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ธฐ์–ต์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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