Bruce Aylward: How we'll stop polio for good

43,846 views ・ 2011-05-24

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Hyun Jung Oh κ²€ν† : Hyein Cho
00:15
I want to share with you
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μ§€κΈˆλΆ€ν„° μ•½ 18λΆ„ λ™μ•ˆ
00:17
over the next 18 minutes
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ κ½€ 멋진 생각을
00:19
a pretty incredible idea.
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λ‚˜λˆ„κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
Actually, it's a really big idea.
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사싀 이건 μ •λ§λ‘œ 큰 아이디어 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
But to get us started,
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μš°μ„  μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전에
00:25
I want to ask if everyone
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ λΆ€νƒλ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”
00:27
could just close your eyes for two seconds
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2초 λ™μ•ˆ λˆˆμ„ 감고
00:29
and try and think of a technology or a bit of science
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œκΈ°μ— 세상을 λ°”κΎΌ
00:32
that you think has changed the world.
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κ³Όν•™ κΈ°μˆ μ΄λ‚˜ 과학적 λ°œκ²¬μ„ λ– μ˜¬λ € λ³΄μ„Έμš”
00:38
Now I bet, in this audience,
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자, μž₯λ‹΄ν•˜κ±΄λ° μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
00:40
you're thinking of some really incredible technology,
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ œκ°€ 듀어보지도 λͺ»ν•œ, λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ μ„
00:42
some stuff that I haven't even heard of,
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μƒκ°ν•˜μ…¨μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:44
I'm absolutely sure.
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λ‹Ήμ—°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
But I'm also sure, pretty sure,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 아무도 '이것'을 λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌμ…¨μœΌλ¦¬λΌκ³ 
00:49
that absolutely nobody is thinking of this.
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μ €λŠ” ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:53
This is a polio vaccine.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:56
And it's a great thing actually
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사싀 였늘 μ˜€μ‹  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 아무도
00:58
that nobody's had to think about it here today
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을 λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 건 잘된 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:00
because it means that we can take this for granted.
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그만큼 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 백신을 λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜κ²Œ 받아듀이고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”
01:02
This is a great technology.
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이것은 ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
We can take it completely for granted.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 κΈ°μˆ μ„ λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜κ²Œ λˆ„λ¦¬κ³  μžˆμ§€μš”
01:06
But it wasn't always that way.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ²˜μŒλΆ€ν„° 그랬던 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:09
Even here in California,
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이곳 μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„λ„
01:12
if we were to go back just a few years,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ‡ λ…„λ§Œ 거슬러 μ˜¬λΌκ°€λ©΄
01:14
it was a very different story.
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상황이 μ•„μ£Ό λ‹¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:16
People were terrified of this disease.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ— 걸릴까봐 맀우 λ‘λ €μ›Œ ν–ˆκ³ 
01:18
They were terrified of polio, and it would cause public panic.
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μ΄λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  곡포λ₯Ό λΉšμ–΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:21
And it was because of scenes like this.
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μ§€κΈˆ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬λŠ” μž₯λ©΄κ³Ό 같은 광경이 κ·Έ 원인이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:24
In this scene,
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이 μž₯λ©΄μ—μ„œ
01:26
people are living in an iron lung.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 철폐(철제 호흑 보쑰 μž₯치) μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:28
These are people who were perfectly healthy two or three days before,
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2, 3일 μ „λ§Œ 해도 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ•„ν”ˆ κ³³ 없이 κ±΄κ°•ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:31
and then two days later,
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뢈과 2μΌλ§Œμ—
01:33
they can no longer breathe,
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그듀은 μˆ¨μ„ 쉬지 λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:35
and this polio virus has paralyzed
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이 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜
01:37
not only their arms and their legs,
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νŒ”, λ‹€λ¦¬λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:39
but also their breathing muscles.
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ν˜Έν‘μ— ν•„μš”ν•œ κ·Όμœ‘κΉŒμ§€ λ§ˆλΉ„μ‹œν‚¨ κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”
01:41
And they were going to spend the rest of their lives, usually,
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그리고 그듀은 단지 μˆ¨μ„ 쉬기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
01:44
in this iron lung to breathe for them.
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남은 여생을 이 보쑰μž₯치 μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•„μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:46
This disease was terrifying.
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λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ μ§ˆλ³‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:48
There was no cure,
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μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•λ„
01:50
and there was no vaccine.
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백신도 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
The disease was so terrifying
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정말 λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ μ§ˆλ³‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:54
that the president of the United States
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ―Έκ΅­ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ€ μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ 막을 방법을 μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•΄
01:56
launched an extraordinary national effort
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이둀적인 ꡭ가적 λ…Έλ ₯을
01:59
to find a way to stop it.
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μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
Twenty years later, they succeeded
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20년이 μ§€λ‚˜κ³  그듀은 μ„±κ³΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:05
and developed the polio vaccine.
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그리고 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을 κ°œλ°œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:07
It was hailed as a scientific miracle
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1950λ…„λŒ€ 말에 이 백신은
02:09
in the late 1950s.
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과학적인 기적이라고 λ¬˜μ‚¬λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
Finally, a vaccine that could stop this awful disease,
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λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ 이 λ”μ°ν•œ μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ 막을 수 μžˆλŠ” 백신이 개발된 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:14
and here in the United States
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그리고 이 백신은 μ—¬κΈ° 미ꡭ에
02:16
it had an incredible impact.
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λ†€λΌμš΄ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:18
As you can see, the virus stopped,
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ λ©ˆμ·„μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:20
and it stopped very, very fast.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ λ©ˆμ·„μ§€μš”
02:23
But this wasn't the case
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λͺ¨λ“  지역이
02:26
everywhere in the world.
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이와 κ°™μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:28
And it happened so fast in the United States, however,
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 빨리 사라져
02:31
that even just last month Jon Stewart said this:
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μ§€λ‚œ 달, Jon StewartλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:34
(Video) Jon Stewart: Where is polio still active?
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 곳이 μžˆκΈ°λŠ” ν•œκ°€μš”?
02:36
Because I thought that had been eradicated
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μ²œμ—°λ‘κ°€ μ‚¬λΌμ‘Œλ“―μ΄
02:39
in the way that smallpox had been eradicated.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ„ 사라지지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‚˜μš”
02:41
Bruce Aylward: Oops. Jon, polio's almost been eradicated.
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세상에, Jon, μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ 거의 사라져 κ°€κ³  μžˆκΈ°λŠ” ν•˜μ£ 
02:45
But the reality is
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ€
02:47
that polio still exists today.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
We made this map for Jon to try to show him exactly where polio still exists.
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어디에 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ Jonμ—κ²Œ μ •ν™•νžˆ 보여주렀고, 이 지도λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:52
This is the picture.
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화면을 λ³΄μ‹œμ£ 
02:54
There's not very much left in the world.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ λ‚¨μ•„μžˆλŠ” 곳이 μ–Όλ§ˆ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:57
But the reason there's not very much left
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 거의 λͺ°λžμ§€λ§Œ
02:59
is because there's been an extraordinary public/private partnership
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정뢀와 민간단체듀이 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ…Έλ ₯을 κΈ°μšΈμ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:02
working behind the scenes, almost unknown,
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이와 같은 μ„±κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ„ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:05
I'm sure to most of you here today.
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μ—¬κΈ° 계신 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„λ„ μ•„λ§ˆ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν™œλ™μ„ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ…¨μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:07
It's been working for 20 years
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그듀은 이 μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ κ·Όμ ˆν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
03:09
to try and eradicate this disease,
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20λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ λ…Έλ ₯ν•΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:11
and it's got it down to these few cases
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그리고 μ—¬κΈ° 이 κ·Έλž˜ν”½μ— λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ
03:13
that you can see here on this graphic.
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λͺ‡ 가지 사둀λ₯Ό μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:16
But just last year,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μž‘λ…„μ—
03:18
we had an incredible shock
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 좩격을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:20
and realized that almost just isn't good enough
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그리고 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ™€ 같은 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
03:23
with a virus like polio.
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이 μ •λ„λ‘œλŠ” μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:26
And this is the reason:
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” 이와 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:28
in two countries
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거의 십년이상 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆλ˜
03:30
that hadn't had this disease for more than probably a decade,
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지ꡬ λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈμ— μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ 두 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ
03:33
on opposite sides of the globe,
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κ°‘μžκΈ° μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€
03:35
there was suddenly terrible polio outbreaks.
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μ‹¬κ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ°œμƒν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:38
Hundreds of people were paralyzed.
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μ…€ 수 없이 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ λͺΈμ΄ λ§ˆλΉ„λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:40
Hundreds of people died --
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μ–΄λ₯Έ 아이 ν•  것 없이 Β½
03:43
children as well as adults.
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수 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:45
And in both cases,
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이 두 경우 λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ
03:47
we were able to use genetic sequencing to look at the polio viruses,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μœ μ „μž 검사λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:50
and we could tell these viruses were not from these countries.
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그리고 이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ 이 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μ˜€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŒμ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:53
They had come from thousands of miles away.
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λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λŠ” 천 λ§ˆμΌλ„ 더 떨어진 κ³³μ—μ„œ 온 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:56
And in one case, it originated on another continent.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λ‘€μ—μ„œλŠ” λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€λ₯™μ—μ„œ κ±΄λ„ˆ 온 κ²½μš°λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:59
And not only that, but when they came into these countries,
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뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ 이듀 ꡭ가에 듀어왔을 λ•Œ
04:02
then they got on commercial jetliners probably
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λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λŠ” μ•„λ§ˆ 상업 μ œνŠΈκΈ°μ— μ˜¬λΌνƒ€
04:05
and they traveled even farther
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ²˜λŸΌ λ¨Ό κ³³κΉŒμ§€
04:07
to other places like Russia,
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νΌμ Έλ‚˜κ°„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
where, for the first time in over a decade last year,
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μž‘λ…„ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ—μ„œλŠ” 10μ—¬λ…„ λ§Œμ— 처음으둜
04:12
children were crippled and paralyzed
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어린이듀이 λ§ˆλΉ„λΌκ³  μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:15
by a disease that they had not seen for years.
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그듀이 λͺ‡λ…„ λ™μ•ˆμ΄λ‚˜ κ²ͺ지 λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λΌλŠ” μ§ˆλ³‘ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ§μ΄μ§€μš”
04:19
Now all of these outbreaks that I just showed you,
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방금 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦° λͺ¨λ“  상황은
04:22
these are under control now,
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μ΄μ œλŠ” 잘 κ΄€λ¦¬λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:24
and it looks like they'll probably stop very, very quickly.
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그리고 μ–Όλ§ˆ μ•ˆ 있으면 끝날 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•„μ£Ό κΈˆμ„Έμš”
04:27
But the message was very clear.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:30
Polio is still
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ
04:32
a devastating, explosive disease.
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파괴적이고 폭발적으둜 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” μ§ˆλ³‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:35
It's just happening in another part of the world.
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μ§€κΈˆλ„ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” 지ꡬ λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈμ—μ„œ μœ„μ„Έλ₯Ό λ–¨μΉ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:39
And our big idea
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이 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 과학적 기적인 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을 톡해
04:42
is that the scientific miracle of this decade
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ
04:46
should be the complete eradication
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κ·Όμ ˆν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이
04:48
of poliomyelitis.
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우리의 μ›λŒ€ν•œ κ³„νšμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
So I want to tell you a little bit
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 ν˜‘λ ₯관계, μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆμ‹­μ΄
04:52
about what this partnership, the Polio Partnership,
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무슨 일을 ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
04:54
is trying to do.
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λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:56
We're not trying to control polio.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:58
We're not trying to get it down to just a few cases,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έμ € λͺ‡λͺ‡ κ²½μš°μ—μ„œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜λ €λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:01
because this disease is like a root fire;
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이 μ§ˆλ³‘μ€ λΆˆμ”¨μ™€ κ°™μ•„μ„œ
05:03
it can explode again if you don't snuff it out completely.
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κ·Έ λΆˆμ”¨λ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ 끄지 μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄
05:06
So what we're looking for
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μ–Έμ œλΌλ„ ν­λ°œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:08
is a permanent solution.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 영ꡬ적인 해결책을 μ°ΎκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
We want a world in which every child, just like you guys,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 세상 λͺ¨λ“  어린아이듀이
05:13
can take for granted
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ μ—†λŠ” 세상을 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μ—¬κΈΈ 수 있기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€
05:15
a polio-free world.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κ·ΈλŸ¬λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 말이죠
05:17
So we're looking for a permanent solution,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 영ꡬ적인 해결책을 κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:19
and this is where we get lucky.
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μ΄λ•Œ ν–‰μš΄μ΄ μ°Ύμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:21
This is one of the very few viruses in the world
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 진정 λ†€λΌμš΄ 것을 μ‹œλ„ν•  수 μžˆμ„ μ •λ„λ‘œ
05:24
where there are big enough cracks in its armor
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방어체계에 큰 금이 κ°€ μžˆλŠ”
05:26
that we can try to do something truly extraordinary.
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λͺ‡ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:29
This virus can only survive in people.
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이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ λͺΈμ—μ„œλ§Œ 살아남을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:32
It can't live for a very long time in people.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λͺΈμ—μ„œλ„ μ•„μ£Ό 였래 μ‚΄μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜λ©°
05:34
It doesn't survive in the environment hardly at all.
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일반 ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œλŠ” μ•„μ˜ˆ 거의 살아남지 λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:37
And we've got pretty good vaccines, as I've just showed you.
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그리고 μ•žμ„œ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ Έλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ½€ 쒋은 백신을 λ³΄μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:40
So we are trying
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό
05:42
to wipe out this virus completely.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ λͺ°μ•„λ‚΄λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:45
What the polio eradication program is trying to do
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 근절 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€
05:48
is to kill the virus itself
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μœ λ°œν•˜λŠ” λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 자체λ₯Ό
05:50
that causes polio
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지ꡬ λͺ¨λ“  μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ λͺ°μ•„λ‚΄λ €κ³ 
05:52
everywhere on Earth.
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λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:54
Now we don't have a great track record
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μ§€κΈˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이와 같이
05:56
when it comes to doing something like this,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 데 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
05:58
to eradicating diseases.
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쒋은 기둝을 κ°–κ³  μžˆμ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
It's been tried six times in the last century,
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μ§€λ‚œ 20세기에 6번 μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:03
and it's been successful exactly once.
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단 ν•œ 번 μ„±κ³΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:07
And this is because disease eradication,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ κ·Όμ ˆν•˜λŠ” 일은
06:10
it's still the venture capital of public health.
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ κ³΅μ€‘λ³΄κ±΄μ—μ„œ λͺ¨ν—˜μžλ³Έμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:13
The risks are massive,
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μœ„ν—˜μ„±μ΄ μ—„μ²­λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:15
but the pay-off --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ„±κ³΅ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
06:18
economic, humanitarian, motivational --
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경제적 μΈ‘λ©΄, μΈλ„μ£Όμ˜μ  μΈ‘λ©΄, 동기뢀여적 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ
06:20
it's absolutely huge.
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보상이 ꡉμž₯히 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:22
One congressman here in the United States
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미ꡭ의 ν•œ κ΅­νšŒμ˜μ›μ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
06:25
thinks that the entire investment
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미ꡭ이 μ²œμ—°λ‘λ₯Ό ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ νˆ¬μžν•œ 총 λΉ„μš©μ΄
06:28
that the U.S. put into smallpox eradication
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과거에 단 26일뢄
06:30
pays itself off every 26 days --
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μ²œμ—°λ‘μ˜ μΉ˜λ£Œμ™€
06:33
in foregone treatment costs
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μ˜ˆλ°©λ°±μ‹ μ— λ“€μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ λΉ„μš©κ³Ό
06:35
and vaccination costs.
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κ°™λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
And if we can finish polio eradication,
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그리고 λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
06:40
the poorest countries in the world
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μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ ꡭ가듀은
06:42
are going to save over 50 billion dollars
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ν–₯ν›„ 25λ…„ λ™μ•ˆλ§Œ 해도
06:46
in the next 25 years alone.
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5천만 λ‹¬λŸ¬ 이상을 μ•„λ‚„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:49
So those are the kind of stakes that we're after.
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” λ°”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:52
But smallpox eradication was hard;
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ²œμ—°λ‘ ν‡΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ–΄λ €μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:54
it was very, very hard.
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정말 많이 μ–΄λ €μ› μ–΄μš”
06:56
And polio eradication, in many ways, is even tougher,
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬ λ©΄μ—μ„œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜κΈ°λŠ” λ”μš± νž˜λ“€κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:59
and there's a few reasons for that.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ „λ§ν•˜λŠ” λ°λŠ” λͺ‡κ°€μ§€ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:02
The first is that,
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첫째둜,
07:04
when we started trying to eradicate polio
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20λ…„ 전에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
07:06
about 20 years ago,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ 퍼져 있던 κ΅­κ°€κ°€
07:08
more than twice as many countries were infected
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μ²œμ—°λ‘ ν‡΄μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ²œμ—°λ‘κ°€ 퍼져 있던 κ΅­κ°€μˆ˜μ˜
07:10
than had been when we started off with smallpox.
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두배 이상 λ§Žμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:13
And there were more than 10 times as many people
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 이 κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—λŠ” 10λ°° 이상 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
07:15
living in these countries.
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μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:17
So it was a massive effort.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ꡉμž₯히 λ…Έλ ₯ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:19
The second challenge we had was --
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 마주친 λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ μ‹œλ ¨μ€
07:21
in contrast to the smallpox vaccine,
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맀우 μ•ˆμ •μ μ΄κ³  ν•œ 번만 맞으면Β₯
07:23
which was very stable, and a single dose protected you for life --
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평생 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ²œμ—°λ‘ λ°±μ‹ κ³Ό 달리
07:26
the polio vaccine is incredibly fragile.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신은 무척 μ†μƒλ˜κΈ° μ‰½λ‹€λŠ” μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:29
It deteriorates so quickly in the tropics
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이 백신은 μ—΄λŒ€ μ§€λ°©μ—μ„œ λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ†μƒλ˜μ–΄μ„œ
07:32
that we've had to put this special vaccine monitor
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  약병에 특수 μ œμž‘λœ λ°±μ‹  κ°μ‹œ μž₯치λ₯Ό
07:34
on every single vial
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μ„€μΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:36
so that it will change very quickly
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약이 열기에 μ§€λ‚˜μΉ˜κ²Œ λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ λ―Όκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ°˜μ‘ν•΄
07:38
when it's exposed to too much heat,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 κ°μ‹œμž₯치λ₯Ό 보고
07:40
and we can tell that it's not a good vaccine to use on a child --
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이 백신이 μ–΄λ¦°μ•„μ΄μ—κ²Œ νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜κΈ°μ—
07:43
it's not potent; it's not going to protect them.
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아이듀을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•  μ •λ„λ‘œ κ°•λ ₯ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:45
Even then, kids need many doses of the vaccine.
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ 아이듀은 약을 μ—¬λŸ¬ 번 νˆ¬μ—¬λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:48
But the third challenge we have --
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μ„Έλ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œ,
07:50
and probably even bigger one, the biggest challenge --
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§λ©΄ν•œ 더 큰, μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ‹œλ ¨μ€ μ΄λŸ¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:53
is that, in contrast to smallpox where you could always see your enemy --
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μ²œμ—°λ‘μ˜ 경우 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–Έμ œλ‚˜, 적(μ²œμ—°λ‘)을 우리 눈으둜 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:56
every single person almost who was infected with smallpox
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μ²œμ—°λ‘μ— κ±Έλ¦° λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ€
07:59
had this telltale rash.
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피뢀에 숨길 수 μ—†λŠ” λ°œμ§„μ΄ λ‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:01
So you could get around the disease;
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄κ³ 
08:03
you could vaccinate around the disease and cut it off.
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λ°±μ‹  주사λ₯Ό 맞히고 μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ μ«“μ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:06
With polio it's almost completely different.
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λ°˜λ©΄μ— μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ˜ κ²½μš°λŠ” 이와 μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:09
The vast majority of people who are infected with the polio virus
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ— κ±Έλ¦° λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œ
08:12
show absolutely no sign of the disease.
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μ§ˆλ³‘μ— κ±Έλ Έλ‹€λŠ” 흔적을 찾을 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:15
So you can't see the enemy most of the time,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 적을 λ³Ό 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:18
and as a result,
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결과적으둜
08:20
we've needed a very different approach to eradicate polio
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ²œμ—°λ‘ λ•Œμ™€ λ‹€λ₯Έ
08:23
than what was done with smallpox.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ ‘κ·Ό 방식이 ν•„μš”ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:25
We've had to create
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 보아도 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒ μš΄λ™μ„
08:27
one of the largest social movements in history.
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μ°½μ‘°ν•΄λ‚΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:30
There's over 10 million people,
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천만λͺ…이 λ„˜λŠ”,
08:32
probably 20 million people,
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μ•„λ§ˆ 2천만 λͺ…에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
08:34
largely volunteers,
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κ·Έ 쀑 λ§Žμ€ 인원은 μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ
08:36
who have been working over the last 20 years
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μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„ κ°„ μΌν•΄μ£Όμ—ˆκ³ 
08:38
in what has now been called
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이제 이 λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” ν‰ν™”λ‘œμš΄ μ‹œλŒ€μ— λ“€μ–΄μ„œκ³  λ‚˜μ„œ
08:40
the largest internationally-coordinated operation in peacetime.
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세계 μ΅œλŒ€μ˜ ꡭ제적 ν˜‘λ ₯기ꡬ가 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³ λ“€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:44
These people, these 20 million people,
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이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€, 이 2천만λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
08:47
vaccinate over 500 million children
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맀년 5μ–΅λͺ… μ΄μƒμ˜ μ–΄λ¦°μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ 백신을 νˆ¬μ—¬ν–ˆκ³ 
08:50
every single year,
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우리 단체 ν™œλ™μ΄ κ°€μž₯ ν™œλ°œν–ˆμ„ λ•ŒλŠ”
08:52
multiple times
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각 아이가 백신을
08:54
at the peak of our operation.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 번 νˆ¬μ—¬λ°›κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:57
Now giving the polio vaccine is simple.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을 νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 법은 κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:59
It's just two drops, like that.
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κ·Έμ € 두 λ°©μšΈμ„ λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ € 주기만 ν•˜λ©΄ 되죠. μ΄λ ‡κ²Œμš”
09:01
But reaching 500 million people
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 5μ–΅λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ λ„λ‹¬ν•˜κΈ°λŠ”
09:03
is much, much tougher.
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훨씬 μ–΄λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:05
And these vaccinators, these volunteers,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ°±μ‹  λ³΄κΈ‰μžλ“€, 우리 λ΄‰μ‚¬μžλ“€μ€
09:08
they have got to dive headlong
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μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ‚΄κΈ° νž˜λ“€κ³  인ꡬ가 λ°€μ§‘λœ
09:10
into some of the toughest, densest
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λ„μ‹œμ˜ μŠ¬λŸΌκ°€λ‘œ
09:12
urban slums in the world.
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과감히 λ›°μ–΄λ“€μ–΄κ°€μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:14
They've got to trek under sweltering suns
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그듀은 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λ‹ΏκΈ° νž˜λ“  κ³³, κ°€μž₯ 외진 곳을 ν–₯ν•΄μ„œ
09:17
to some of the most remote, difficult to reach places in the world.
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μž‘μ—΄ν•˜λŠ” νƒœμ–‘ 밑을 κ±·κ³  또 κ±Έμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:21
And they also have to dodge bullets,
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λ˜ν•œ 그듀은 재빨리 λͺΈμ„ 움직여 μ΄μ•Œμ„ ν”Όν•  쀄도 μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:23
because we have got to operate
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μΌμ΄‰μ¦‰λ°œμ˜ νœ΄μ „μƒν™©μ—λ„
09:25
during shaky cease-fires and truces
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백신을 νˆ¬μ—¬ν•΄μ•Όν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:27
to try and vaccinate children,
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μ΄λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ κ°ˆλ“±μ΄ λ„˜μΉ˜λŠ” 지역에 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ”
09:29
even in areas affected by conflict.
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μ–΄λ¦°μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œλ„ 백신을 νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:32
One reporter
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5λ…„ μ „μ―€, μ†Œλ§λ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œμ˜ 우리 ν™œλ™μ„ μ§€μΌœλ³΄λ˜ κΈ°μžκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:34
who was watching our program in Somalia about five years ago --
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μ†Œλ§λ¦¬μ•„λŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ°±μ‹ μ΄ 두 번 ν‡΄μΉ˜λœ μ§€μ—­μΈλ°μš”
09:37
a place which has eradicated polio,
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첫번째 ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•œ 이후
09:39
not once, but twice, because they got reinfected.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 균이 λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 퍼쑌기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:41
He was sitting outside of the road,
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κ·Έ κΈ°μžλŠ” κΈΈ κ±΄λ„ˆνŽΈμ— μ•‰μ•„μ„œ
09:43
watching one of these polio campaigns unfold,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜ 캠페인이 μ‹œμž‘λ˜λŠ” 것을 λ°”λΌλ«˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:45
and a few months later he wrote:
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그리고 λͺ‡ κ°œμ›” ν›„ κ·ΈλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:47
"This is foreign aid at its most heroic."
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"이 ν™œλ™μ€ λŒ€μ™Έ 원쑰 쀑 κ°€μž₯ μ˜μ›…μ μ΄λ‹€"
09:51
And these heroes, they come from every walk of life,
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μ˜¨κ°– 배경을 μ§€λ‹Œ, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κ³„μΈ΅μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
09:53
all sorts of backgrounds.
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돕기 μœ„ν•΄ 이곳에 μ™€μ„œ μ˜μ›…μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:55
But one of the most extraordinary is Rotary International.
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κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ λˆˆμ— λ„λŠ” 단체가 Rotary Internationalμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:58
This is a group
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이 λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ”
10:00
whose million-strong army of volunteers
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백만 λͺ… 규λͺ¨μ˜ μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬μžλ“€λ‘œ 이루어져
10:02
have been working to eradicate polio
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
10:04
for over 20 years.
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20μ—¬λ…„κ°„ νž˜μ“°κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:06
They're right at the center of the whole thing.
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그듀은 λͺ¨λ“  μƒν™©μ˜ 쀑심에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:09
Now it took years to build up the infrastructure
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κΈ°λ°˜μ„ λ‹€μ§€λŠ” 데
10:11
for polio eradication --
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15λ…„ 이상 κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:13
more than 15 years, much longer than it should have --
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μ€€λΉ„ 기간이 ν•„μš” μ΄μƒμœΌλ‘œ κΈΈμ–΄μ‘Œμ§€λ§Œ
10:16
but once it was built, the results were striking.
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μš°μ„  기반이 λ‹€μ Έμ§€μž, κ·Έ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ†€λΌμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:19
Within a couple of years,
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μ•½ 2~3λ…„ λ§Œμ—
10:21
every country that started polio eradication
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ
10:23
rapidly eradicated all three of their polio viruses,
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μ„Έκ°€μ§€μ˜ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ μ‚¬λΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:27
with the exception of four countries that you see here.
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λ‹€λ§Œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 4κ°œκ΅­μ€ μ˜ˆμ™Έμ΄μ§€λ§Œμš”
10:30
And in each of those, it was only part of the country.
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그리고 이 κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—μ„œλ„ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 것은 일뢀 지역에 μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:34
And then, by 1999,
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그리고 1999λ…„μ—λŠ”
10:36
one of the three polio viruses
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜λ €κ³  μ• μ“°λ˜
10:38
that we were trying to eradicate
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μ„Έ 가지 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€
10:40
had been completely eradicated worldwide --
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μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μ™„μ „νžˆ μ‚¬λΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:43
proof of concept.
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우리 λ…Έλ ₯이 ν—›λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” μ¦κ±°μ΄μ§€μš”
10:45
And then today,
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그리고 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ 
10:48
there's been a 99 percent reduction --
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μ†Œμ•„λ°”λΉ„λ₯Ό μ•“λŠ”
10:50
greater than 99 percent reduction --
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ μˆ«μžκ°€
10:52
in the number of children
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99νΌμ„ΌνŠΈ 이상
10:54
who are being paralyzed by this awful disease.
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κ°μ†Œν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
When we started, over 20 years ago,
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20λ…„ μ „, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν™œλ™μ„ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•ŒλŠ”
10:59
1,000 children were being paralyzed
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맀일 1000λͺ…μ˜ 아이듀이
11:01
every single day by this virus.
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이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ— κ°μ—Όλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:04
Last year, it was 1,000.
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μž‘λ…„μ—λŠ” 였직 1000λͺ…이 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ•“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
And at the same time,
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이와 λ™μ‹œμ—
11:09
the polio eradication program
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λ§Žμ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œλ„
11:11
has been working to help with a lot of other areas.
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ν™œλ°œν•œ ν™œλ™μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
It's been working to help control pandemic flu,
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λ˜ν•œ SARS(μ‘°λ₯˜λ…감) 같은
11:16
SARS for example.
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전염병 λŒ€μœ ν–‰μ„ 막기 μœ„ν•œ ν™œλ™λ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
It's also tried to save children by doing other things --
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λ˜ν•œ 이 λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” 아이듀을 μ‚΄λ¦¬κΈ°μœ„ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν™œλ™λ“€λ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
11:21
giving vitamin A drops, giving measles shots,
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비타민 Aλ₯Ό νˆ¬μ•½ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜, 홍역 예방 접쒅을 ν•˜κ³ ,
11:24
giving bed nets against malaria even
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이런 ν™œλ™μ„ ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ”
11:26
during some of these campaigns.
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말라리아λ₯Ό μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λͺ¨κΈ°μž₯을 쳐주기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
But the most exciting thing
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜ μš΄λ™ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ
11:30
that the polio eradication program has been doing
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ν•˜λŠ” 일 쀑 κ°€μž₯ ν₯미둜운 일은
11:32
has been to force us,
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이 단체가 ꡭ제 μ‚¬νšŒλ‘œ ν•˜λ €κΈˆ
11:34
the international community,
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κ°€μž₯ 기본적인 의료 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ‘°μ°¨λ„
11:36
to reach every single child, every single community,
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받지 λͺ»ν•˜κ³  μ·¨μ•½ν•œ
11:39
the most vulnerable people in the world,
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세계 μ—¬λŸ¬ 곳의 아이 ν•˜λ‚˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μ™€ μ—°κ²°ν•΄μ£Όκ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
with the most basic of health services,
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이지역듀은 μ§€μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œλ‚˜ λ¬Έν™”μ μœΌλ‘œ μ†Œμ™Έλ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
11:44
irrespective of geography, poverty,
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κ°€λ‚œμ— μ°Œλ“€κ³ 
11:48
culture and even conflict.
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λΆ„μŸμ€‘μ— μžˆλŠ” κ³³λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:50
So things were looking very exciting,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λͺ¨λ“  일듀이 순쑰둭게 μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” λ“― ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:52
and then about five years ago,
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그런데 μ•½ 5λ…„μ „μ―€
11:54
this virus, this ancient virus, started to fight back.
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μ•„μ£Ό 였래된 이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ κ³΅κ²©ν•΄μ˜€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:57
The first problem we ran into
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 첫번째둜 λ‹Ήλ©΄ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
12:00
was that, in these last four countries, the strongholds of this virus,
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이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ˜ 근거지인 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ„€ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ
12:03
we just couldn't seem to get the virus rooted out.
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이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ˜ 뿌리λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•΄λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:07
And then to make the matters even worse,
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 더 상황이 μ•…ν™”λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
12:09
the virus started to spread out of these four places,
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λ°”λ‘œ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 곳으둜 νΌμ Έλ‚˜κ°€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:12
especially northern India and northern Nigeria,
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인도 뢁뢀지역과 λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ 뢁뢀지역,
12:15
into much of Africa, Asia, and even into Europe,
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그리고 아프리카, μ•„μ‹œμ•„μ˜ λ§Žμ€ 지역듀, 그리고 μœ λŸ½κΉŒμ§€
12:18
causing horrific outbreaks
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λ”μ°ν•œ λ°œμƒλ₯ μ„ 보이며 νΌμ Έλ‚˜κ°”λŠ”λ°
12:20
in places that had not seen this disease for decades.
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이 지역듀은 μˆ˜μ‹­λ…„λ™μ•ˆ 이 병이 μ „ν˜€ λ°œμƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ μ§€μ—­μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:24
And then,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ”
12:26
in one of the most important, tenacious
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μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 끈질기고 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ
12:29
and toughest reservoirs of the polio virus in the world,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ—
12:32
we found that our vaccine was working
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” 백신이
12:35
half as well as it should have.
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μ›λž˜ κΈ°λŒ€λ˜λ˜ 효과의
12:37
In conditions like this,
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반 정도밖에 효λ ₯을 내지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
the vaccine just couldn't get the grip it needed to
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이 상황은
12:41
in the guts of these children
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백신이 μ›λž˜ ν•΄μ•Ό 된 역할을 λͺ»ν•˜κ³ 
12:43
and protect them the way that it needed to.
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아이듀을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•  수 μ—†λŠ” μƒν™©μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:45
Now at that time,
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이 λ•Œ
12:47
there was a great, as you can imagine,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μƒμƒν•˜μ‹€ 수 μžˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
12:49
frustration -- let's call it frustration --
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 쒌절이 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
it started to grow very, very quickly.
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이 μ’Œμ ˆμ€ 재빠λ₯΄κ²Œ 컀져갔고
12:53
And all of a sudden, some very important voices
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κ°‘μžκΈ° 세계 κ³΅μ€‘λ³΄κ±΄κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ”
12:55
in the world of public health
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λΌλŠ” κ³„νšμ„ 버리고
12:57
started to say, "Hang on.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ”λ°
12:59
We should abandon this idea of eradication.
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λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜κ³  μ•ˆμ£Όν•˜μžλŠ”
13:02
Let's settle for control -- that's good enough."
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λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ†’μ•„μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
Now as seductive as the idea of control sounds,
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κ΄€λ¦¬λΌλŠ” 말이 맀우 κ·ΈλŸ΄λ“― ν•˜κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ
13:09
it's a false premise.
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그것은 λͺ»λœ μ „μ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:11
The brutal truth is,
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λƒ‰ν˜Ήν•œ 사싀은
13:13
if we don't have the will or the skill,
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λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ·¨μ•½ν•œ
13:15
or even the money that we need
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이 어린이듀을 μœ„ν•΄
13:18
to reach children, the most vulnerable children in the world,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ
13:21
with something as simple
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹  νˆ¬μ•½μ„ μœ„ν•œ
13:23
as an oral polio vaccine,
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μ˜μ§€λ‚˜ 기술, 돈이 μ—†λ‹€λ©΄
13:26
then pretty soon,
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λ¨Έμ§€μ•Šμ•„
13:28
more than 200,000 children
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20만λͺ…이 λ„˜λŠ” 아이듀이
13:30
are again going to be paralyzed by this disease
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맀년 λ‹€μ‹œ
13:32
every single year.
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이 λ³‘μœΌλ‘œ κ³ ν†΅λ°›κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:34
There's absolutely no question.
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이 μ‚¬μ‹€μ—λŠ” 질문의 여지가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:36
These are children like Umar.
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μš°λ§ˆμ™€ 같은 아이듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:39
Umar is seven years old,
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μš°λ§ˆλŠ” 일곱살이고
13:42
and he's from northern Nigeria.
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ 뢁뢀지방에 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:44
He lives in a family home there
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κ°€μ‘±λ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
13:46
with his eight brothers and sisters.
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ν˜•μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸλͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:48
Umar also has polio.
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UmarλŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ•“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:51
Umar was paralyzed for life.
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평생 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μ•“κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:53
His right leg was paralyzed
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2004λ…„
13:55
in 2004.
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였λ₯Έ 닀리가 λ§ˆλΉ„λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:57
This leg, his right leg,
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이 닀리 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였λ₯Έμͺ½ 닀리.
14:00
now takes an awful beating
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심μž₯박동이 μ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ λ›°λŠ”λ°μš”
14:02
because he has to half-crawl,
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그것은 κ·Έκ°€ 늘 반쯀 κΈ°μ–΄λ‹€λ…€μ•Ό ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:04
because it's faster to move that way
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μ™œλƒλ©΄ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것이
14:06
to keep up with his friends, keep up with his brothers and sisters,
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μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ΄λ‚˜ ν˜•μ œλ“€μ„ λ”°λΌκ°ˆ λ•Œ
14:08
than to get up on his crutches and walk.
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λͺ©λ°œμ„ 짚고 κ±·λŠ” 것보닀 λΉ λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:11
But Umar is a fantastic student. He's an incredible kid.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ§ˆλŠ” ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 학생이고 ꡉμž₯ν•œ μ•„μ΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:14
As you probably can't see the detail here,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μžμ„Ένžˆ 보싀 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†κ² μ§€λ§Œ
14:16
but this is his report card,
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이것이 우마의 μ„±μ ν‘œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:18
and you'll see, he's got perfect scores.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘ λ³΄μ‹œλ“― μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ„±μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:20
He got 100 percent in all the important things,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ λ™μš” 같은
14:22
like nursery rhymes, for example there.
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μ€‘μš”κ³Όλͺ©λ“€μ—μ„œ λͺ¨λ‘ 100점을 λ§žμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:25
But you know I'd love to be able to tell you
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ»˜ λ“œλ¦¬κ³  싢은 말씀은
14:28
that Umar is a typical kid with polio these days,
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μš°λ§ˆλŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ•“κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ „ν˜•μ μΈ μ•„μ΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:30
but it's not true.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
14:32
Umar is an exceptional kid
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μš°λ§ˆλŠ” μ˜ˆμ™Έμ μΈ 상황에 μžˆλŠ”
14:34
in exceptional circumstances.
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μ˜ˆμ™Έμ μΈ μ•„μ΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:36
The reality of polio today
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ€
14:38
is something very different.
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맀우 λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:41
Polio strikes the poorest communities in the world.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ 동넀λ₯Ό κ³΅κ²©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:45
It leaves their children paralyzed,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” κ·Έ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μž₯μ• λ₯Ό λ‚¨κΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:47
and it drags their families
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 가쑱듀을
14:49
deeper into poverty,
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더 κΉŠμ€ 빈곀의 수렁으둜 λŒκ³ κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:51
because they're desperately searching
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 아이듀을 고치기 μœ„ν•΄
14:53
and they're desperately spending the little bit of savings that they have,
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ν•„μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 방법을 μ°Ύκ³ 
14:55
trying in vain
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λˆμ„ μ“°κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:57
to find a cure for their children.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€ 헛사가 되고 말죠.
15:01
We think children deserve better.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 아이듀이 더 쒋은 것을 λˆ„λ €μ•Όν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:04
And so when the going got really tough
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
15:07
in the polio eradication program
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2λ…„μ „μ―€
15:09
about two years ago,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜ μš΄λ™μ΄ μ‹¬κ°ν•˜κ²Œ μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ§€κ³ 
15:11
when people were saying, "We should call it off,"
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ‹€ κ·Έλ§Œλ‘¬μ•Όν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
15:13
the Polio Partnership
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Polio Partnership은
15:15
decided to buckle down once again
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λ‹€μ‹œν•œλ²ˆ 본격적으둜 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜ μš΄λ™μ— λ‚˜μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:17
and try and find innovative new solutions,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜μ‹ μ  ν•΄κ²°μ±…λ“€κ³Ό
15:20
new ways to get to the children
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 자꾸 λ†“μ³μ™”λ˜
15:22
that we were missing again and again.
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‹€κ°€μ„€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 방법듀을 λͺ¨μƒ‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:24
In northern India, we started mapping the cases
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인도 λΆλΆ€μ§€λ°©μ—μ„œλŠ”
15:26
using satellite imaging like this,
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이와 같은 μΈκ³΅μœ„μ„± 이미지λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ
15:28
so that we could guide our investments and vaccinator shelters,
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우리의 νˆ¬μžμ™€ λ°±μ‹ νˆ¬μ•½μž μˆ™μ†Œ 등을 κ³„νšν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
15:31
so we could get to the millions of children
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μ˜λ£Œμ„œλΉ„μŠ€κ°€ μ „λ¬΄ν•œ
15:33
on the Koshi River basin
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μ½”μ‹œκ°•(Koshi) μœ μ—­μ˜
15:35
where there are no other health services.
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수백만λͺ…μ˜ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ ‘κ·Όν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:37
In northern Nigeria,
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ λΆλΆ€μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œλŠ”
15:39
the political leaders and the traditional Muslim leaders,
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μ •μΉ˜ μ§€λ„μžλ“€κ³Ό 전톡적인 이슬람 μ§€λ„μžλ“€μ΄
15:41
they got directly involved in the program
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ— μ§μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°œμž…λ˜μ–΄
15:43
to help solve the problems of logistics
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μž‘μ—…μ˜ 싀행에 μƒκΈ°λŠ” λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³ 
15:45
and community confidence.
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지역 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 확신을 μ£ΌλŠ” 데 도움을 μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:47
And now they've even started using these devices --
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그듀은 이제 이 μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:50
speaking of cool technology --
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κΈ°μˆ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 말이 λ‚˜μ™”μœΌλ‹ˆ λ§μΈλ°μš”,
15:52
these little devices, little GIS trackers like this,
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이 μž‘μ€ μž₯λΉ„λŠ” GIS 좔적기라고 ν•˜λŠ”λ°
15:55
which they put into the vaccine carriers of their vaccinators.
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이 μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό λ°±μ‹  νˆ¬μ•½μžλ“€μ˜ 백신톡에 λ„£κ³  λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©΄
15:58
And then they can track them,
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이 μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ νˆ¬μ•½μžλ“€μ΄ λ‹€λ‹Œ 곳을 νŒŒμ•…μ„ ν•˜κ²Œ 되고
16:00
and at the end of the day, they look and see,
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일과가 λλ‚˜κ³  μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό 꺼내보면
16:02
did these guys get every single street, every single house.
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μ–΄λŠ κΈΈ, μ–΄λŠμ§‘μ— κ°”λŠ”μ§€ λ‹€ 기둝이 λ˜μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:04
This is the kind of commitment now we're seeing
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ†“μΉ˜κ³  있던 아이듀을
16:07
to try and reach all of the children we've been missing.
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λ†“μΉ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:10
And in Afghanistan, we're trying new approaches --
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μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„μ—μ„œλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 방법을 μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:13
access negotiators.
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κ΅μ„­μžλ₯Ό ν†΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:15
We're working closely with the International Committee of the Red Cross
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ꡭ제 μ μ‹­μžμ‚¬μ™€ μ•„μ£Ό λ°€μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:18
to ensure that we can reach every child.
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아이 ν•˜λ‚˜ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ†“μΉ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 말이죠.
16:21
But as we tried these extraordinary things,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이런 ν‰λ²”μΉ˜μ•Šμ€ 일을 ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
16:24
as people went to this trouble
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μ „λž΅μ„ 가닀듬기 μœ„ν•΄ μ• λ₯Ό μ“°λ‹€κ°€
16:26
to try and rework their tactics,
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λ°±μ‹ μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:28
we went back to the vaccine -- it's a 50-year-old vaccine --
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50λ…„λœ λ°±μ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:31
and we thought, surely we can make a better vaccine,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΆ„λͺ… μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 쒋은 백신을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:34
so that when they finally get to these kids,
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그러면 κ²°κ΅­ λͺ¨λ“  μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‹€κ°€κ°ˆ 수 있고
16:36
we can have a better bang for our buck.
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본전도 뽑을 수 μžˆμ„ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:38
And this started an incredible collaboration with industry,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” μ‚°μ—…κ³Όμ˜ 믿기지 μ•Šμ„λ§ŒνΌ λ†€λΌμš΄ κ³΅λ™μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:41
and within six months,
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6κ°œμ›” μ•ˆμ— λ¦¬λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을
16:43
we were testing a new polio vaccine
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μ‹œν—˜ν•  수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ§€κΈˆμœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 뢈과 2λ…„μ „ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:45
that targeted, just two years ago,
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κ·Έ 백신은 세상에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 두 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό
16:47
the last two types of polio in the world.
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λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:50
Now June the ninth, 2009,
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2009λ…„ 6μ›” 9일
16:53
we got the first results from the first trial with this vaccine,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 첫번째 μ‹œλ„μ—μ„œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:56
and it turned out to be a game-changer.
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이 백신은 ν•œλ§ˆλ””λ‘œ μ „μ„Έλ₯Ό λ’€μ§‘μ„λ§Œν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:58
The new vaccine
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 백신은
17:00
had twice the impact on these last couple of viruses
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μ˜ˆμ „ 백신에 λΉ„ν•΄
17:03
as the old vaccine had,
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λ‘λ°°μ˜ 효과λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:05
and we immediately started using this.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°”λ‘œ 이 백신을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:07
Well, in a couple of months we had to get it out of production.
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λͺ‡λ‹¬λ§Œμ— 백신이 동이났고
17:10
And it started rolling off the production lines
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λ‹€μ‹œ 생상라인을 λŒλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:12
and into the mouths of children around the world.
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” 세계 곳곳의 아이듀 μž…μœΌλ‘œ νˆ¬μ•½λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:14
And we didn't start with the easy places.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‰¬μš΄ κ³³λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:16
The first place this vaccine was used
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처음 백신이 μ‚¬μš©λœ 곳은
17:18
was in southern Afghanistan,
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μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„ λ‚¨λΆ€μ§€μ—­μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:20
because it's in places like that
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그곳의 μ•„μ΄λ“€μ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ
17:22
where kids are going to benefit the most
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이같은 μ‹  기술의 ν˜œνƒμ„
17:24
from technologies like this.
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κ°€μž₯ 많이 받을 수 μžˆλŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:26
Now here at TED, over the last couple of days,
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이제 μ—¬κΈ° TED μ—μ„œ μ§€λ‚œ λ©°μΉ λ™μ•ˆ
17:29
I've seen people challenging the audience again and again
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μ²­μ€‘λ“€μ—κ²Œ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 것을 믿게 ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
17:33
to believe in the impossible.
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ λ„μ „ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:36
So this morning at about seven o'clock,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 였늘 μ•„μΉ¨ μΌκ³±μ‹œμ—
17:39
I decided that we'd try to drive Chris
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬κΈ° μžˆλŠ” ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€μ™€ μ œμž‘νŒ€μ„
17:41
and the production crew here berserk
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ν™”λ‚˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³  λ§μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:43
by downloading all of our data from India again,
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μΈλ””μ•„μ—μ„œ κ°€μ Έμ˜¨ λͺ¨λ“  데이타듀을 λ‹€ λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”
17:47
so that you could see something
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λ°”λ‘œ 였늘 λ°ν˜€μ§€λŠ”
17:49
that's just unfolding today,
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯을 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€κ³  증λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것을
17:51
which proves that the impossible is possible.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:55
And only two years ago, people were saying that this is impossible.
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뢈과 2λ…„μ „, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이것이 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:58
Now remember, northern India is the perfect storm
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이제 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€,
18:01
when it comes to polio.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œλΌλ©΄ 뢁뢀 μΈλ””μ•„λŠ” μ™„λ²½ν•œ ν­ν’μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:03
Over 500,000 children
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Uttah Pradesh와 Bihar 두 개의 μ£Όμ—μ„œ
18:05
are born in the two states that have never stopped polio --
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50만이 λ„˜λŠ” 아이듀이 νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜κ³ 
18:08
Uttar Pradesh and Bihar --
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ λ©ˆμΆ”μ§ˆ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:11
500,000 children every single month.
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맀달 50만λͺ…에
18:13
Sanitation is terrible,
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μœ„μƒμ€ λ”μ°ν• μ •λ„λ‘œ μ—΄μ•…ν•˜κ³ ,
18:15
and our old vaccine, you remember,
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우리의 μ˜ˆμ „ 백신은
18:17
worked half as well as it should have.
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λ°˜μ •λ„ 밖에 효과λ₯Ό 내지 λͺ»ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:20
And yet, the impossible is happening.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:23
Today marks exactly six months --
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였늘둜 μ •ν™•νžˆ 6κ°œμ›”μ΄ μ§€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:27
and for the first time in history,
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그리고 역사상 졜초둜
18:29
not a single child has been paralyzed
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Uttar Pradesh λ‚˜ Bihar μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ
18:31
in Uttar Pradesh or Bihar.
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단 ν•œλͺ…μ˜ 아이도 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ‘œ λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό μ•“κ²Œ λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:33
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
18:44
India's not unique.
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μΈλ””μ•„λ§Œ κ°λ³„ν•œ 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:47
In Umar's home country of Nigeria,
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μš°λ§ˆκ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œλ„
18:49
a 95 percent reduction
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μž‘λ…„μ— μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ‘œ 인해 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μ•“κ²Œ 된
18:51
in the number of children paralyzed by polio last year.
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ μˆ˜κ°€ 95% κ°μ†Œν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
18:54
And in the last six months,
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μ§€λ‚œ 6κ°œμ›”λ™μ•ˆ
18:56
we've had less places reinfected by polio
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역사상 κ·Έ μ–΄λ–€ μ‹œμ λ³΄λ‹€λ„
18:58
than at any other time in history.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μž¬λ°œν•œ μ§€μ—­μ˜ μˆ˜λ„ μ€„μ–΄λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:02
Ladies and gentlemen, with a combination
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μ‹ μ‚¬μˆ™λ…€μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„,
19:04
of smart people, smart technology
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ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ 기술,
19:06
and smart investments,
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그리고 ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ 투자의 μ‘°ν•©μœΌλ‘œ
19:08
polio can now be eradicated anywhere.
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이제 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” ν‡΄μΉ˜λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:12
We have major challenges, you can imagine,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 일을 마치기 μœ„ν•΄
19:14
to finish this job,
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맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 도전을 남겨놓고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:16
but as you've also seen,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 보신 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
19:18
it's doable,
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이것은 μ‹€ν–‰κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:20
it has great secondary benefits,
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이것은 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ νŒŒμƒ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:22
and polio eradication is a great buy.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚œ ν˜œνƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:25
And as long as any child anywhere
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μ–΄λŠ κ³³μ—μ„œλ“  이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ‘œ 인해
19:28
is paralyzed by this virus,
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μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μž…κ²Œλ˜λŠ” 아이가 ν•˜λ‚˜λΌλ„ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
19:30
it's a stark reminder
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그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ 기본적인 ν˜œνƒμœΌλ‘œ
19:32
that we are failing, as a society, to reach children
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‹€κ°€μ„œλŠ” 것을
19:35
with the most basic of services.
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μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” λƒ‰ν˜Ήν•œ μ•”μ‹œμΈ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:37
And for that reason, polio eradication:
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ μ—μ„œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λŠ”
19:39
it's the ultimate in equity
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κΆκ·Ήμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 평등이고
19:42
and it's the ultimate in social justice.
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κΆκ·Ήμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ •μ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:45
The huge social movement
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜μ— κ°œμž…λœ
19:47
that's been involved in polio eradication
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이 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ‚¬νšŒμš΄λ™μ€
19:49
is ready to do way more for these children.
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이 아이듀을 μœ„ν•΄ 더 λ§Žμ€ 것을 ν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:51
It's ready to reach them with bed nets, with other things.
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λͺ¨κΈ°μž₯κ³Ό κ·Έ μ™Έ λ§Žμ€ 것듀을 κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:54
But capitalizing on their enthusiasm,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ •μ—΄κ³Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό
19:57
capitalizing on their energy
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μžλ³Έν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것이
19:59
means finishing the job
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그듀이 20λ…„μ „ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ˜
20:01
that they started 20 years ago.
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κ·Έ 일을 λ§ˆμΉ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:04
Finishing polio is a smart thing to do,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것은 맀우 ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:07
and it's the right thing to do.
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그리고 μ˜³μ€ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:09
Now we're in tough times economically.
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μ§€κΈˆ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 경제적으둜 μ–΄λ €μš΄ μ‹œκΈ°μ— μ²˜μ• μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
20:12
But as David Cameron of the United Kingdom
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영ꡭ의 데이빗 캐머룬은 ν•œλ‹¬μ „μ―€
20:15
said about a month ago when he was talking about polio,
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
20:18
"There's never a wrong time
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"μ˜³μ€ 일을 ν•˜κΈ°μ—
20:20
to do the right thing."
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λ‚˜μœ μ‹œκΈ°λŠ” μ—†λ‹€."κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:22
Finishing polio eradication
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜μš΄λ™μ„ λ§ˆμΉ˜λŠ” 것은
20:24
is the right thing to do.
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μ˜³μ€ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:26
And we are at a crossroads right now
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ κ·Έ 건널λͺ©μ— 와 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:28
in this great effort over the last 20 years.
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μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„ λ™μ•ˆμ˜ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ…Έλ ₯끝에
20:30
We have a new vaccine,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 백신을 κ°€μ‘Œκ³ 
20:32
we have new resolve,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 해결책을 κ°€μ‘Œκ³ 
20:34
and we have new tactics.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ „λž΅λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:36
We have the chance
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인λ₯˜ 역사에
20:38
to write an entirely new polio-free chapter
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ‘œ λΆ€ν„° μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ 자유둜운
20:41
in human history.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ μž₯을 μ“Έ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:44
But if we blink now,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λˆˆκΉœλΉ‘ν•˜λ‹€λ³΄λ©΄
20:47
we will lose forever
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μ˜μ›νžˆ 기회λ₯Ό μžƒμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:49
the chance to eradicate an ancient disease.
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이 κ³ λŒ€μ˜ 병을 ν‡΄μΉ˜ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 기회λ₯Ό λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:54
Here's a great idea to spread:
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μ—¬κΈ° νΌλœ¨λ €μ•Όν•  ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 생각이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:57
End polio now.
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μ§€κΈˆ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό λλƒ…μ‹œλ‹€.
20:59
Help us tell the story.
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우리의 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ„μ™€μ£Όμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
21:01
Help us build the momentum
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 탄λ ₯을 λ°›νœ˜ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ„μ™€μ£Όμ‹­μ‹œλ„.
21:03
so that very soon
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그리고 λ¨Έμ§€μ•Šμ•„
21:05
every child, every parent
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세계 λͺ¨λ“  곳의
21:07
everywhere
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λͺ¨λ“  아이듀과 λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ΄
21:09
can also take for granted
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μ—†λŠ” 삢을
21:11
a polio-free life forever.
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λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜κ²Œ 받아듀일 수 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:14
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
21:16
(Applause)
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λ°•μˆ˜
21:38
Bill Gates: Well Bruce, where do you think the toughest places are going to be?
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μ–΄λŠ 지역이 κ°€μž₯ νž˜λ“€ 거라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
21:41
Where would you say we need to be the smartest?
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μ–΄λŠ 방면에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ”μš± ν˜„λͺ…ν•΄μ Έμ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
21:44
BA: The four places where you saw, that we've never stopped --
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μ•„κΉŒ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆλ˜ λ„€ μ§€μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:47
northern Nigeria, northern India,
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ 뢁뢀, 인도 뢁뢀,
21:49
the southern corner of Afghanistan
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μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„ 남뢀,
21:51
and bordering areas of Pakistan --
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νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„ κ΅­κ²½μ§€μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:53
they're going to be the toughest.
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그곳듀은 κ°€μž₯ νž˜λ“  지역이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:55
But the interesting thing is, of those three,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν₯미둜운 사싀은
21:57
India's looking real good, as you just saw in the data.
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λ°μ΄νƒ€μ—μ„œ 보셨듯이 μΈλ””μ•„λŠ” 맀우 μ’‹μ•„ 보이고
21:59
And Afghanistan, Afghanistan, we think
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μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„μ€
22:01
has probably stopped polio repeatedly.
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과거에 μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆ ν‡΄μΉ˜κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ°€λ„
22:03
It keeps getting reinfected.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ°œμƒμ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:05
So the tough ones: going to get the top of Nigeria finished
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
22:07
and getting Pakistan finished.
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ™€ νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ΄
22:09
They're going to be the tough ones.
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μ–΄λ €μš΄ 지역이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:11
BG: Now what about the money?
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λΉ„μš©μ€ μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?
22:13
Give us a sense of how much the campaign costs a year.
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일년에 μ–Όλ§ˆμ •λ„μ˜ 돈이 ν•„μš”ν•œμ§€ λ§ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
22:16
And is it easy to raise that money?
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μΆ©λ‹Ήν•˜κΈ° μ‰¬μš΄ κΈˆμ•‘μΈκ°€μš”?
22:19
And what's it going to be like the next couple of years?
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ λͺ‡λ…„λ™μ•ˆ μ–΄λ–¨ 것 κ°™μ€κ°€μš”?
22:21
BA: It's interesting.
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ν₯미둜운 μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:23
We spend right now about 750 million
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 맀년 7μ–΅5μ²œμ—μ„œ 8μ–΅ 달라정도λ₯Ό
22:25
to 800 million dollars a year.
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μ“°κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:28
That's what it costs to reach 500 million children.
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5μ–΅λͺ… μ •λ„μ˜ 어린이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ“œλŠ” λˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:30
It sounds like a lot of money; it is a lot of money.
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맀우 큰 돈처럼 듀리고 사싀 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:33
But when you're reaching 500 million children multiple times --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 5μ–΅λͺ…μ΄λΌλŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ 수λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄
22:36
20, 30 cents to reach a child --
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ν•œμ•„μ΄λ‹Ή 20-30μ„ΌνŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:38
that's not very much money.
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그것은 κ²°μ½” 큰 돈이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
22:40
But right now we don't have enough of that.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그만큼 μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ 돈이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:42
We have a big gap in that money. We're cutting corners,
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돈이 λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œ κ²½λΉ„λ₯Ό μ ˆκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:44
and every time we cut corners,
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κ²½λΉ„λ₯Ό μ ˆκ°ν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€
22:46
more places get infected that shouldn't have, and it just slows us down.
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λ”λ§Žμ€ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€ μž¬λ°œν•˜κ³  있고 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν‡΄μΉ˜λŠ” λ―Έλ€„μ§€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:49
And that great buy costs us a little bit more.
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λΉ„μš©μ„ 절감 ν•˜λ €λ‹€κ°€ λΉ„μš©μ΄ 더 λ“€κ²Œλ˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
22:52
BG: Well, hopefully we'll get the word out,
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κ·Έ 말을 빼도둝 ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:55
and the governments will keep their generosity up.
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κ·Έλž˜μ•Ό μ •λΆ€κ°€ 계속 지원을 ν•΄μ€„ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
22:58
So good luck. We're all in this with you.
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그럼 ν–‰μš΄μ΄ 있길 λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€. 우리 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹Ήμ‹  νŽΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
23:00
Thank you. (BA: Thank you.)
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
23:02
(Applause)
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λ°•μˆ˜
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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