Peter Diamandis: Taking the next giant leap in space

49,562 views ใƒป 2008-09-04

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Alfonso Fernandez ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:18
My mission in life since I was a kid was,
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ืžืฉื™ืžืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื”,
00:21
and is, to take the rest of you into space.
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ื•ืขื•ื“ื ื”, ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืœื—ืœืœ.
00:24
It's during our lifetime that we're going to take the Earth,
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ื–ื” ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
00:28
take the people of Earth and transition off, permanently. And that's exciting.
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ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื›ืืŸ, ืœืชืžื™ื“. ื•ื–ื” ืžืจื’ืฉ
00:32
In fact, I think it is a moral imperative
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื• ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช
00:34
that we open the space frontier.
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ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ.
00:37
You know, it's the first time that we're going to have a chance
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื™
00:39
to have planetary redundancy,
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ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘.
00:41
a chance to, if you would, back up the biosphere.
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ืกื™ื›ื•ื™, ืื ืชืจืฆื•, ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืกืคืจื” ืฉืœื ื•
00:44
And if you think about space,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืœ,
00:47
everything we hold of value on this planet --
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ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ื–ื”
00:50
metals and minerals and real estate and energy -- is in infinite quantities in space.
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ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื ืจืืœื™ื ื•ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื•ืื ืจื’ื™ื” -- ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ืœืœ.
00:54
In fact, the Earth is a crumb in a supermarket filled with resources.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืจ ื‘ืกื•ืคืจืžืงืจื˜ ืžืœื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื.
00:59
The analogy for me is Alaska. You know, we bought Alaska.
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ื”ืžืฉืœ ืฉืืชืŸ ื”ื•ื ืืœืกืงื”. ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื ื™ื ื• ืืช ืืœืกืงื”,
01:02
We Americans bought Alaska in the 1850s. It's called Seward's folly.
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ืื ื—ื ื•, ื”ืืžืจืงืื™ื, ืงื ื™ื ื• ืืช ืืœืกืงื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืื” ื”-19, ื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืื” "ื”ืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืืจื“" (ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ืืžืจืงืื™ ืฉื“ื—ืฃ ืœืขื™ืกืงื”)
01:06
We valued it as the number of seal pelts we could kill.
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ื”ืขืจื›ื ื• ืืช ืืœืกืงื” ืœืคื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืœื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจื•ื’
01:10
And then we discovered these things -- gold and oil and fishing and timber --
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ื•ืื– ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื -- ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื ืคื˜ ื•ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื•ืขืฅ
01:14
and it became, you know, a trillion-dollar economy,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื”ืคื›ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžื’ืœื’ืœืช ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
01:17
and now we take our honeymoons there. The same thing will happen in space.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืฉื ืœื™ืจื— ื“ื‘ืฉ. ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืชืจื—ืฉ ืขื ื”ื—ืœืœ
01:20
We are on the verge of the greatest exploration
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืข ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ
01:23
that the human race has ever known.
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ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื“ืข ืžืขื•ืœื
01:25
We explore for three reasons,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช
01:27
the weakest of which is curiosity.
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ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช
01:29
You know, it's funded NASA's budget up until now.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžื™ืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืืก"ื ืขื“ ืขืชื”
01:33
Some images from Mars, 1997.
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ืžืกืคืจ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืžืื“ื™ื, ืžืฉื ืช 1997
01:36
In fact, I think in the next decade, without any question,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื, ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืœ ืกืคืง
01:38
we will discover life on Mars and find that it is literally ubiquitous
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ื ืžืฆื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื”
01:42
under the soils and different parts of that planet.
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ืžืชื—ืช ืœืงืจืงืข ื•ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช
01:45
The stronger motivator, the much stronger motivator, is fear.
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ื”ืžื ื™ืข ื”ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื–ืง, ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื“
01:48
It drove us to the moon. We -- literally in fear -- with the Soviet Union
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื“ื—ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื™ืจื—. ืคื—ื“ื ื•, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื•ื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื
01:52
raced to the moon. And we have these huge rocks,
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ื”ืชื—ืจื™ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืจื—. ื•ื™ืฉ ืกืœืขื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื,
01:56
you know, killer-sized rocks in the hundreds of thousands or millions out there,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ื ืื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื,
02:01
and while the probability is very small,
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืื•ื“,
02:03
the impact, figured in literally,
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ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช
02:05
of one of these hitting the Earth is so huge
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ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืฉื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช
02:08
that to spend a small fraction looking, searching,
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ืกืคื ื• ื‘ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
02:11
preparing to defend, is not unreasonable.
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ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื”ืชื’ื•ื ื ื•ืช, ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืคืจืš.
02:13
And of course, the third motivator,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืžื ื™ืข ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
02:15
one near and dear to my heart as an entrepreneur, is wealth.
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ื”ืžื ื™ืข ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื™ืงืจ ืœืœื™ื‘ื™ ื›ื™ื–ื, ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉืจ.
02:19
In fact, the greatest wealth. If you think about these other asteroids,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ืื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:23
there's a class of the nickel iron,
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืžืกื•ื’ ื ื™ืงืœ-ื‘ืจื–ืœ
02:25
which in platinum-group metal markets alone
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ืฉื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื
02:27
are worth something like 20 trillion dollars,
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ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• 20 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
02:29
if you can go out and grab one of these rocks.
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ืื ืชืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื•ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกืœืขื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:31
My plan is to actually buy puts on the precious metal market,
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช
02:34
and then actually claim that I'm going to go out and get one.
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ื•ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื.
02:36
And that will fund the actual mission to go and get one.
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ืžืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช - ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื—ื“
02:39
But fear, curiosity and greed have driven us.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืคื—ื“, ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืชืื•ื•ืช-ื‘ืฆืข ื”ื ืฉืžื ื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•
02:42
And for me, this is -- I'm the short kid on the right.
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ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ - ืื ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ -
02:46
This was -- my motivation was actually during Apollo.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” - ื”ืžื ื™ืข ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืคื•ืœื•
02:50
And Apollo was one of the greatest motivators ever.
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ื•ืืคื•ืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ืช ื”ืžื ื™ืขื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื.
02:52
If you think about what happened at the turn of -- early 1960s,
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ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” - ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-60,
02:58
on May 25, JFK said, "We're going to go to the moon."
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ื‘ 25 ื‘ืžืื™, ืงื ื“ื™ ืืžืจ "ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ืก ืœื™ืจื—"
03:02
And people left their jobs and they went to obscure locations
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื
03:05
to go and be part of this amazing mission.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื•
03:08
And we knew nothing about going to space.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ืขื” ืœื—ืœืœ
03:10
We went from having literally put Alan Shepard in suborbital flight
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ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืžืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ ืืœืŸ ืฉืคืจื“ ืœื˜ื™ืกื” ืชืช-ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ืช
03:13
to going to the moon in eight years,
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ืœื”ื’ืขื” ืœื™ืจื— ื‘ืชื•ืš 8 ืฉื ื™ื,
03:15
and the average age of the people that got us there was 26 years old.
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ื•ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื ื”ื™ื” 26 ืฉื ื™ื
03:21
They didn't know what couldn't be done.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช
03:22
They had to make up everything.
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ื”ื ื ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื”ื›ืœ
03:25
And that, my friend, is amazing motivation.
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ื•ื–ื”, ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื™, ืžื ื™ืข ื ืคืœื
03:27
This is Gene Cernan, a good friend of mine, saying,
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ื•ื–ื” - ื–ื”ื• ื’'ื™ืŸ ืกืจื ืŸ, ื—ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื™, ืฉืื•ืžืจ
03:30
"If I can go to the moon" -- this is the last human on the moon so far --
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"ืื ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืจื—" - ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื— ืขื“ ื›ื” -
03:34
"nothing, nothing is impossible." But of course,
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"ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™". ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
03:37
we've thought about the government always as the person taking us there.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื
03:41
But I put forward here, the government is not going to get us there.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืคื”, ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื ืฉื•ื‘
03:45
The government is unable to take the risks required to open up this precious frontier.
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”
03:50
The shuttle is costing a billion dollars a launch.
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ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ
03:52
That's a pathetic number. It's unreasonable.
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ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืคืชื˜ื™, ืœื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™
03:55
We shouldn't be happy in standing for that.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื–ื”
03:58
One of the things that we did with the Ansari X PRIZE
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืคืจืก "ืื ืกืืจื™ ืื™ืงืก"
04:00
was take the challenge on that risk is OK, you know.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืฉืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
04:04
As we are going out there and taking on a new frontier,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ
04:07
we should be allowed to risk.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ
04:09
In fact, anyone who says we shouldn't, you know,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
04:12
just needs to be put aside, because, as we go forward,
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ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืœื•, ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื
04:16
in fact, the greatest discoveries we will ever know is ahead of us.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ื ื•
04:20
The entrepreneurs in the space business are the furry mammals,
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ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื•ืชื™ื™ื
04:23
and clearly the industrial-military complex --
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ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช
04:25
with Boeing and Lockheed and NASA -- are the dinosaurs.
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ืขื "ื‘ื•ืื™ื ื’" ื•"ืœื•ืงื”ื™ื™ื“" ื•ื ืืก"ื - ื”ื ื”ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื
04:29
The ability for us to access these resources
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
04:32
to gain planetary redundancy --
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ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช -
04:34
we can now gather all the information, the genetic codes,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื ืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื”, ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื
04:37
you know, everything stored on our databases,
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
04:39
and back them up off the planet,
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ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•,
04:41
in case there would be one of those disastrous situations.
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ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉื™ืชืจื—ืฉ ืืกื•ืŸ
04:45
The difficulty is getting there, and clearly, the cost to orbit is key.
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ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื”ื’ืขื” ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืคืชื—
04:50
Once you're in orbit, you are two thirds of the way, energetically, to anywhere --
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื’ืขืช ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ, ืขื‘ืจืช ืฉื ื™-ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื“ืจืš, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช, ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื--
04:53
the moon, to Mars. And today,
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ืœื™ืจื—, ืœืžืื“ื™ื. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื
04:56
there's only three vehicles -- the U.S. shuttle, the Russian Soyuz
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ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘, ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ืืžืจืงืื™ืช, "ืกื•ื™ื•ื–" ื”ืจื•ืกื™ืช
05:00
and the Chinese vehicle -- that gets you there.
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ื•ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ - ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชืš ืœืฉื.
05:02
Arguably, it's about 100 million dollars a person on the space shuttle.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ, ืฉืขืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื™ื ื› 100 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืื™ืฉ
05:07
One of the companies I started, Space Adventures, will sell you a ticket.
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ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืงืžืชื™, "ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืœ", ืชืžื›ื•ืจ ืœืš ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก
05:10
We've done two so far. We'll be announcing two more on the Soyuz
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ืขื“ ื›ื” ืžื›ืจื ื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืœ"ืกื•ื™ื•ื–"
05:14
to go up to the space station for 20 million dollars.
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ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ 20 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
05:17
But that's expensive and to understand what the potential is --
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืงืจ, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืคื”
05:21
(Laughter) --
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:23
it is expensive. But people are willing to pay that!
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ื–ื” ืื›ืŸ ื™ืงืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื–ื”!
05:26
You know, one -- we have a very unique period in time today.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืจืืฉื™ืช - ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื
05:29
For the first time ever, we have enough wealth
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื– ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ื™ ืขื•ืฉืจ
05:31
concentrated in the hands of few individuals
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ืฉืžืจื•ื›ื– ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ ืื ืฉื™ื
05:33
and the technology accessible
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ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื ื’ื™ืฉื”
05:35
that will allow us to really drive space exploration.
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ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืช ื—ืงืจ ื”ื—ืœืœ
05:39
But how cheap could it get? I want to give you the end point.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื” ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื–ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช? ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืกื•ืคื™
05:43
We know -- 20 million dollars today, you can go and buy a ticket,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืชืžื•ืจืช 20 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ, ื”ื™ื•ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœืงื ื•ืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก,
05:45
but how cheap could it get?
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
05:47
Let's go back to high school physics here.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ืกื™ืงื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช
05:48
If you calculate the amount of potential energy, mgh,
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ืื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื”
05:52
to take you and your spacesuit up to a couple hundred miles,
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ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืœืžื ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชืš ื•ืืช ื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืฉืœืš ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืœื”
05:55
and then you accelerate yourself to 17,500 miles per hour --
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ื•ืื– ืืชื” ืžืื™ืฅ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 17,500 ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœืฉืขื”
05:59
remember, that one half MV squared -- and you figure it out.
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ื›ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืžืกื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ืข, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘
06:03
It's about 5.7 gigajoules of energy.
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ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš 5.7 ื’ื™ื’ื”-ื’ืื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
06:07
If you expended that over an hour, it's about 1.6 megawatts.
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ืื ื ืฆืจื•ืš ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื”, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื› 1.6 ืžื’ื”ื•ืื˜
06:12
If you go to one of Vijay's micro-power sources,
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ื•ืื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื— ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื’ื™ืื”
06:15
and they sell it to you for seven cents a kilowatt hour --
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ืฉื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื› 7 ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœืงื™ืœื•ื•ืื˜-ืฉืขื”
06:17
anybody here fast in math?
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืคื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?
06:19
How much will it cost you and your spacesuit to go to orbit?
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ื›ืžื” ื™ืขืœื” ืœืš ื•ืœื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืฉืœืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ?
06:23
100 bucks. That's the price-improvement curve that --
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100 ื“ื•ืœืจ. ื–ื• ืขืงื•ืžืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ-ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉ--
06:27
we need some breakthroughs in physics along the way,
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ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืคืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื‘ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ืจืš
06:29
I'll grant you that.
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื”
06:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:33
But guys, if history has taught us anything,
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ'ื”, ืื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืฉื”ื•,
06:37
it's that if you can imagine it, you will get there eventually.
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ื–ื” ืฉืื ืืชื” ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”, ืืชื” ืชืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
06:40
I have no question that the physics,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ืœ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื”
06:43
the engineering to get us down to the point
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ื”ื”ื ื“ืกื”, ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื ืงื•ื“ื”
06:46
where all of us can afford orbital space flight is around the corner.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ, ื ืžืฆืืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคื™ื ื”
06:50
The difficulty is that there needs to be a real marketplace to drive the investment.
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ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืง ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื”
06:55
Today, the Boeings and the Lockheeds don't spend a dollar
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”ื‘ื•ืื™ื ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื•ืงื”ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจ
06:59
of their own money in R&D.
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ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—.
07:01
It's all government research dollars, and very few of those.
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ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื ื›ืกืฃ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™, ื•ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืžื ื•
07:04
And in fact, the large corporations,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
07:06
the governments, can't take the risk.
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ
07:08
So we need what I call an exothermic economic reaction in space.
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื•ืœื˜ืช ื—ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ื—ืœืœ.
07:12
Today's commercial markets worldwide, global commercial launch market?
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื—ืจื™ื™ื ืœื—ืœืœ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื?
07:16
12 to 15 launches per year.
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12 ืขื“ 15 ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”
07:19
Number of commercial companies out there? 12 to 15 companies.
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ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš? 12 ืขื“ 15 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
07:21
One per company. That's not it. There's only one marketplace,
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ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื–ื”. ืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืฉื•ืง ืื—ื“
07:25
and I call them self-loading carbon payloads.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืžื˜ืขื ื™ ืคื—ืžืŸ ืžื•ืขืžืกื™ื-ืขืฆืžืื™ืช
07:28
They come with their own money. They're easy to make.
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ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ืงืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.
07:31
It's people. The Ansari X PRIZE was my solution,
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื. ืคืจืก ืื ืกืืจื™ ืื™ืงืก ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™
07:35
reading about Lindbergh for creating the vehicles to get us there.
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืขืœ ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื’ ืฉื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื
07:39
We offered 10 million dollars in cash for the first reusable ship,
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ื”ืฆืขื ื• 10 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจื‘ ืคืขืžื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
07:42
carry three people up to 100 kilometers,
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ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืืช 3 ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ 100 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ
07:44
come back down, and within two weeks, make the trip again.
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ืœื ื—ื•ืช, ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื
07:47
Twenty-six teams from seven countries entered the competition,
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26 ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช
07:51
spending between one to 25 million dollars each.
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ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœ 25 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ืœื›ืœ ืฆื•ื•ืช.
07:54
And of course, we had beautiful SpaceShipOne,
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ื•ื•ื›ืš ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช "ืกืคื™ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืื—ืช" ื”ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื”
07:56
which made those two flights and won the competition.
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ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช
08:00
And I'd like to take you there, to that morning,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืœืฉื, ืœื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื”ื•ื
08:03
for just a quick video.
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ืœื•ื™ื“ืื• ืงืฆืจ
08:21
(Video) Pilot: Release our fire.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื˜ื™ื™ืก: ืฉื—ืจืจื• ืืช ื”ืืฉ
08:26
Richard Searfoss: Good luck.
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ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ืกื™ืจืคื•ืก: ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”
08:31
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:46
RS: We've got an altitude call of 368,000 feet.
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ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ืกื™ืจืคื•ืก: ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงืจื™ืืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 368,000 ืจื’ืœ
08:54
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:57
RS: So in my official capacity as the chief judge
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ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ืกื™ืจืคื•ืก: ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื›ืฉื•ืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื™
09:00
of the Ansari X PRIZE competition,
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ืฉืœ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืื ืกืืจื™ X
09:02
I declare that Mojave Aerospace Ventures
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ืื ื™ ืžื›ืจื™ื– ืฉ"ืžื•ื”ืื‘ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืกืคื™ื™ืก ื•ื ืฆ'ื•ืจืก"
09:04
has indeed earned the Ansari X PRIZE.
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ืื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืคืจืก ืื ืกืืจื™ X
09:07
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
09:09
Peter Diamandis: Probably the most difficult thing that I had to do
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ืคื™ื˜ืจ ื“ื™ืืžื ื“ื™ืก: ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื“ืื™
09:11
was raise the capital for this. It was literally impossible.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœืคืจืก. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™.
09:14
We went -- I went to 100, 200 CEOs, CMOs.
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• - ืื ื™ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ - ืœ 100, 200 ืžื ื›ืœื™"ื, ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื.
09:18
No one believed it was done. Everyone said, "Oh, what does NASA think?
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื•ืฆืข, ื›ื•ืœื ืฉืืœื• "ืžื” ื ืืก"ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”"?
09:20
Well, people are going to die,
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"ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื–ื”"
09:22
how can you possibly going to put this forward?"
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"ืื™ืš ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ืขื ื–ื” ืงื“ื™ืžื”?"
09:24
I found a visionary family, the Ansari family, and Champ Car,
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืื ืกืืจื™, ื•ืฆ'ืืžืค ืงืืจ
09:27
and raised part of the money, but not the full 10 million.
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ื•ื’ื™ื™ืกืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืช ื›ืœ 10 ื”ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ.
09:30
And what I ended up doing was going out to the insurance industry
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™, ื”ื™ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—
09:34
and buying a hole-in-one insurance policy.
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ื•ืœืงื ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื›ืœ-ื›ืœื•ืœ
09:36
See, the insurance companies went to Boeing and Lockheed,
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื•ืื™ื ื’ ื•ืœืœื•ืงื”ื™ื“
09:38
and said, "Are you going to compete?" No.
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ื•ืืžืจื• "ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช?" ืœื
09:40
"Are you going to compete?" No. "No one's going to win this thing."
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช? ืœื. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ื–ื”
09:42
So, they took a bet that no one would win by January of '05,
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ืื–, ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืขื“ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005
09:47
and I took a bet that someone would win.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื–ื›ื”
09:51
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
09:52
So -- and the best thing is they paid off and the check didn't bounce.
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ืœืžื•, ื•ื”ืฆ'ืง ืœื ื—ื–ืจ
09:58
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:59
We've had a lot of accomplishments
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื,
10:01
and it's been a tremendous success.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื›ื‘ื™ืจื”.
10:03
One of the things I'm most happy about is that the SpaceShipOne
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื ืฉ"ืกืคื™ื ืช ื—ืœืœ ืื—ืช"
10:09
is going to hang in Air and Space Museum,
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ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื—ืœืœ
10:11
next to the Spirit of St. Louis and the Wright Flyer.
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ืœืฆื“ "ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืกื ื˜ ืœื•ืื™ืก" ื•ื”ืžื˜ื•ืก ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืกื• ื”ืื—ื™ื ืจื™ื™ื˜.
10:13
Isn't that great? (Applause)
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ื–ื” ืœื ืื“ื™ืจ? (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:18
So a little bit about the future, steps to space, what's available for you.
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ืื– ืงืฆืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“, ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื—ืœืœ, ืžื” ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
10:22
Today, you can go and experience weightless flights.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืœืœื ืžืฉืงืœ.
10:26
By '08, suborbital flights, the price tag for that, you know, on Virgin,
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ืขื“ 2008 - ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืชืช-ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ืจื’'ื™ืŸ
10:30
is going to be about 200,000.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš 200,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
10:32
There are three or four other serious efforts that will bring the price down very rapidly,
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ 3-4 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืชื›ื ื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื™ืจื“ ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“,
10:35
I think, to about 25,000 dollars for a suborbital flight.
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืœื‘ืขืจืš 25,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื˜ื™ืกื” ืชืช-ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
10:39
Orbital flights -- we can take you to the space station.
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ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช - ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืœืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ.
10:41
And then I truly believe, once a group is in orbit around the Earth --
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ -
10:45
I know if they don't do it, I am --
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ื•ืื ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” -
10:47
we're going to stockpile some fuel,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ืงืฆืช ื“ืœืง,
10:49
make a beeline for the moon and grab some real estate.
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ื ื˜ื•ืก ื™ืฉืจ ืœื™ืจื— ื•ื ื’ืจื•ืฃ ืœื ื• ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ.
10:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:53
Quick moment for the designers in the audience.
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ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืงื”ืœ.
10:56
We spent 11 years getting FAA approval to do zero gravity flights.
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ืœืงื—ื• ืœื ื• 11 ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืœืœื ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”.
11:00
Here are some fun images. Here's Burt Rutan
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ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื ื—ืžื“ื•ืช. ื”ื ื” ื‘ืจื˜ ืจื•ื˜ืŸ,
11:02
and my good friend Greg Meronek inside a zero gravity --
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ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ืจื’ ืžืจื•ื ืง ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื” ืœืœื ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”
11:06
people think a zero gravity room,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืœืœื ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”,
11:08
there's a switch on there that turns it off --
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ื‘ื˜ื— ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืžืชื’ ืฉืžื›ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื”,
11:10
but it's actually parabolic flight of an airplane.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื” ืคืจื‘ื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื•ืก.
11:12
And turns out 7-Up has just done a little commercial that's airing this month.
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉ7-ืืค ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืคืจืกื•ืžืช ืฉืชืฉื•ื“ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
11:17
If we can get the audio up?
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ?
11:19
(Video) Narrator: For a chance to win the first free ticket to space,
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(ื•ื™ื“ื™ืื•) ืงืจื™ื™ืŸ: ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื—ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื,
11:23
look for specially marked packages of Diet 7-Up.
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ื—ืคืฉื• ืืจื™ื–ื•ืช 7-ื˜ืค ื“ื™ืื˜ ืžืกื•ืžื ื•ืช.
11:27
When you want the taste that won't weigh you down,
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืงื” ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ,
11:29
the only way to go is up.
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ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื "Up" (ืœืžืขืœื”)
11:31
PD: That was filmed inside our airplane, and so, you can now do this.
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ืคื™ื˜ืจ ื“ื™ืืžื ื“ื™ืก: ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืฆื•ืœื ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ, ื’ื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื•ืก ื‘ื•,
11:36
We're based down in Florida.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืœื•ืจื™ื“ื”.
11:38
Let me talk about the other thing I'm excited about.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžืจื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื™.
11:40
The future of prizes. You know, prizes are a very old idea.
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ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืคืจืกื™ื. ื”ืคืจืกื™ื ื”ื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:44
I had the pleasure of borrowing from the Longitude Prize
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ื ื”ื ื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืคืจืก ืงื• ื”ืื•ืจืš
11:47
and the Orteig Prize that put Lindbergh forward.
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ื•ืคืจืก ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื’ ืฉืงื™ื“ื ืืช ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื’.
11:50
And we have made a decision in the X PRIZE Foundation
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ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืคืจืก ื” X
11:53
to actually carry that concept forward into other technology areas,
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ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
11:57
and we just took on a new mission statement:
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ื•ืœืงื—ื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ืžื˜ืจืช ืขืœ ื—ื“ืฉื”:
11:59
"to bring about radical breakthroughs in space
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"ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืœืœ
12:02
and other technologies for the benefit of humanity."
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ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™."
12:05
And this is something that we're very excited about.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืจื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืื•ื“.
12:08
I showed this slide to Larry Page, who just joined our board.
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ื”ืจืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืœืืจื™ ืคื™ื™ื’', ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ.
12:11
And you know, when you give to a nonprofit,
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื,
12:13
you might have 50 cents on the dollar.
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ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ 50 ืกื ื˜ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
12:15
If you have a matching grant, it's typically two or three to one.
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืขื ืง ืฉืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ืœืจื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ 2:1 ืื• 3:1.
12:18
If you put up a prize, you can get literally a 50 to one leverage on your dollars.
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ืื ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืคืจืก, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข, ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ื–ืžื”, ืœืžื™ื ื•ืฃ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ 50:1 ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืžื•ืฉืงืข.
12:23
And that's huge. And then he turned around and said,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ. ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ ื•ืืžืจ,
12:25
"Well, if you back a prize institute that runs a 10 prize, you get 500 to one."
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"ืื ืืชื” ืžื’ื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืคืจืกื™ื ืฉืžื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘-10, ืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ 500:1"
12:29
I said, "Well, that's great."
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ื•ืืžืจืชื™ "ื–ื” ื ื”ื“ืจ".
12:31
So, we have actually -- are looking to turn the X PRIZE
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืคืจืก ื”-X
12:34
into a world-class prize institute.
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ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ืคืจืกื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
12:37
This is what happens when you put up a prize,
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืคืจืก:
12:40
when you announce it and teams start to begin doing trials.
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื,
12:44
You get publicity increase, and when it's won,
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ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื’ื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ื›ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื•,
12:47
publicity shoots through the roof -- if it's properly managed --
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ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืจืงื™ืข ืฉื—ืงื™ื - ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ -
12:49
and that's part of the benefits to a sponsor.
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ื•ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืกื•ื™ื•ืช.
12:53
Then, when the prize is actually won, after it's moving,
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ื•ืื–, ื›ืฉื”ืคืจืก ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ืขื ืง ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“,
12:57
you get societal benefits, you know, new technology, new capability.
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ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื: ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื“ืฉื”,
13:01
And the benefit to the sponsors
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ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ื—ืกื•ืช
13:03
is the sum of the publicity and societal benefits over the long term.
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ื”ื•ื ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš -
13:06
That's our value proposition in a prize.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืก.
13:09
If you were going to go and try to create SpaceShipOne,
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช "ืกืคื™ื ืช ื—ืœืœ ืื—ืช",
13:11
or any kind of a new technology,
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ืื• ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”,
13:13
you have to fund that from the beginning
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืžืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
13:16
and maintain that funding with an uncertain outcome.
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ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืœืœื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช.
13:19
It may or may not happen. But if you put up a prize,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืคืจืก,
13:22
the beautiful thing is, you know, it's a very small maintenance fee,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ื ืžื•ืš,
13:25
and you pay on success.
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ื•ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
13:27
Orteig didn't pay a dime out to the nine teams that went across --
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ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื’ ืœื ืฉื™ืœื ืื’ื•ืจื” ืœืชืฉืขืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉื—ืฆื• -
13:29
tried to go across the Atlantic,
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ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™,
13:31
and we didn't pay a dime until someone won the Ansari X PRIZE.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื ื• ืื’ื•ืจื” ืขื“ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืื ืกืืจื™ X.
13:34
So, prizes work great.
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ืื–, ืคืจืกื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ.
13:36
You know, innovators, the entrepreneurs out there,
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ืืชื, ื”ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื,
13:38
you know that when you're going for a goal,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช,
13:40
the first thing you have to do is believe
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ
13:42
that you can do it yourself.
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ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœื‘ื“.
13:44
Then, you've got to, you know, face potential public ridicule
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ืื–, ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืœืขื’ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืกื—
13:46
of -- that's a crazy idea, it'll never work.
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"ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื™, ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“".
13:48
And then you have to convince others,
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ื•ืื– ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื—ืจื™ื,
13:51
so that they can, in fact, help you raise the funds,
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ,
13:54
and then you've got to deal with the fact that you've got government bureaucracies
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ื•ืื– ืชืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช
13:57
and institutions that don't want you to move those things forward,
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ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืชืงื“ืžื• ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื,
14:00
and you have to deal with failures. What a prize does,
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ื•ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ื’ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื›ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช. ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืคืจืก,
14:02
what we've experienced a prize doing,
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ืคืจืก ืขื•ืฉื”,
14:04
is literally help to short-circuit or support all of these things,
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
14:09
because a prize credentials the idea that this is a good idea.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืคืจืก ืžื‘ืกืก ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘.
14:11
Well, it must be a good idea.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ -
14:13
Someone's offering 10 million dollars to go and do this thing.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฆื™ืข 10 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”.
14:16
And each of these areas was something that we found
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืจืื™ื ื•,
14:19
the Ansari X PRIZE helped short-circuit these for innovation.
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ืฉืคืจืก ืื ืกืืจื™ X ืขื–ืจ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.
14:24
So, as an organization, we put together a prize discovery process
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ืื–, ื›ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื”ื’ื“ืจื ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืคืจืกื™ื,
14:27
of how to come up with prizes and write the rules,
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ืฉืžืชืืจ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืคืจืกื™ื ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื,
14:30
and we're actually looking at creating prizes
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืช ืคืจืกื™ื
14:33
in a number of different categories.
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ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
14:35
We're looking at attacking energy, environment, nanotechnology --
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื ื ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
14:40
and I'll talk about those more in a moment.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜,
14:42
And the way we're doing that is we're creating prize teams
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ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืคืจืกื™ื
14:44
within the X PRIZE. We have a space prize team.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืคืจืกื™ ื”-X. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจืกื™ ื—ืœืœ.
14:47
We're going after an orbital prize.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืคืจืก ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื˜ืœื™.
14:49
We are looking at a number of energy prizes.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ืคืจืกื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
14:52
Craig Venter has just joined our board
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ืงืจื™ื™ื’ ื•ื ื˜ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ
14:54
and we're doing a rapid genome sequencing prize with him,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืืชื• ืคืจืก ืœืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ ื’ื ื•ื ืžื”ื™ืจ
14:56
we'll be announcing later this fall,
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ืฉื ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืกืชื™ื•.
14:58
about -- imagine being able to sequence anybody's DNA
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืจืฆืฃ ืืช ื”ื“ื "ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“
15:02
for under 1,000 dollars, revolutionize medicine.
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ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-1000 ื“ื•ืœืจ - ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืื”.
15:05
And clean water, education, medicine and even looking at social entrepreneurship.
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ื•ื’ื ืžื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืจืคื•ืื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
15:10
So my final slide here is, the most critical tool
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ืื– ื”ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื: "ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:13
for solving humanity's grand challenges -- it isn't technology,
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ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช," ื–ื• ืœื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
15:17
it isn't money, it's only one thing --
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ืœื ื›ืกืฃ, ืืœื ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ -
15:19
it's the committed, passionate human mind.
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"ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืœื”ื•ื˜ ื•ื”ื ืœื”ื‘".
15:22
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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