Why I choose humanism over faith | Leo Igwe

133,522 views ใƒป 2018-04-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Roni Weisman
00:13
Something happened
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื”
00:16
while I was studying in the seminary
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ืจ
00:19
and training to be a priest.
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ื•ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจืชื™ ืœื›ืžื•ืจื”.
00:23
I came in contact with a different idea of life.
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ื ื—ืฉืคืชื™ ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
00:28
An idea of life that contradicted the main teachings of religion --
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ืชืคื™ืฉืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื’ื“ื” ืืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื“ืช --
00:33
humanism.
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ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื.
00:36
Some of you may be wondering, what on earth is humanism?
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ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืžื” ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื?
00:41
Humanism is a way of thinking and living
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ื”ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื
00:44
that emphasizes the agency of human beings.
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ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™-ื”ืื“ื.
00:48
Humanism stresses the fact that we, human beings,
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ื”ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื•, ื‘ื ื™-ื”ืื“ื,
00:52
are capable of changing the world.
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ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
00:55
That we have the power to make a difference in our lives,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•,
00:58
both individually and collectively,
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ื’ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื,
01:01
without recourse to some outside force.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืื™ื–ื” ื›ื•ื— ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™.
01:05
It may interest you to know that the best humanist lessons I learned
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื
01:10
were not from reading philosophy books
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ืœื ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžืงืจื™ืืช ืกืคืจื™ ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื”
01:13
or from poring over humanist manifestos and declarations.
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ืื• ืžื”ืชืขืžืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจื–ื•ืช ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช.
01:18
No, not at all.
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ืœื, ืžืžืฉ ืœื.
01:20
The best humanist lesson I learned was from the life of my own parents.
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ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™.
01:26
My parents come from a poor family background
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ื”ื•ืจื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืจืงืข ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™
01:29
in Mbaise, in southeastern Nigeria.
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ื‘ืžื‘ื™ื™ืกื” ืฉื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืžื–ืจื— ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”.
01:33
They had limited opportunities.
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ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช.
01:35
But my parents did not allow the circumstances of their bad upbringing
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ ืœื ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ืœื•
01:40
to determine the ambition and dreams for themselves and for their children.
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ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืฆืžื ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื.
01:46
My father worked part-time, trained as a teacher,
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ืื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืžื•ืจื”,
01:50
and rose to become a headmaster at a local primary school.
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ื•ืฆืžื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื™.
01:54
My mother dropped out of school quite early,
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ืืžื™ ื ืฉืจื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื,
01:57
because her mother, my grandmother, could not afford her education.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืžื”, ืกื‘ืชื™,
ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื” ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื”.
02:03
As a parent, my mother worked very hard,
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ื›ื”ื•ืจื”, ืืžื™ ืขื‘ื“ื” ืžืื“ ืงืฉื”,
02:06
combining farming, petty trading and taking care of my siblings and me.
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ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื”, ืžืกื—ืจ ื–ืขื™ืจ
ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื—ื™, ื‘ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ ื•ื‘ื™.
02:13
By the time I was born --
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ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ --
02:15
that was shortly after the Nigerian civil war --
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื” --
02:18
life was very difficult, a struggle day by day.
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืื“ ืงืฉื™ื, ืžืื‘ืง ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™.
02:23
My family was living in a hut.
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ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื’ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืงืชื”.
02:25
With the eye of a child, I can still see water
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ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื™, ื›ื™ืœื“, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื™ื
02:28
dripping from the thatched roof of our house when it rained.
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ื“ื•ืœืคื™ื ื“ืจืš ื’ื’ ื”ืกื›ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื.
02:32
My father reared goats to supplement the family income.
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ืื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื“ืœ ืขื–ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช.
02:36
And part of my duty after school hours or during vacation
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื•ืช
02:40
was to feed these goats.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื–ื™ื.
02:43
There was no electricity, no pipe with water.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฆื ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื.
02:47
We trekked to fetch water from the nearby streams.
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• ื‘ืจื’ืœ ืœื ื—ืœื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื.
02:50
That was an easy work in the wet season,
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ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืœื”,
02:53
but kilometers when it was hot and dry.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืืจืš ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื•ื™ื‘ืฉ.
02:57
Through hard work and perseverance,
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื” ื•ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืชืžื“ื”,
02:59
my parents were able to erect a block apartment
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ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื”ื•ืจื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื
03:02
and send my siblings and me to school.
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ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ืื—ื™, ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ ื•ืื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
03:05
They made it possible for us to enjoy a standard of living
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ื”ื ืื™ืคืฉืจื• ืœื ื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื
03:08
which they never did
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื
03:10
and to attain educational levels
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ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
03:12
which they only imagined when they were growing up.
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ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ืจืง ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื.
03:16
My parents' life, their story, is my best lesson in humanism.
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ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™, ืกื™ืคื•ืจื, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื–ื.
03:22
So as a humanist, I believe that human beings
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ืื– ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื
03:25
are challengers, not prisoners of faith.
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ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืืกื™ืจื™ื”.
03:28
Our destinies are in our hands, not predetermined.
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ื’ื•ืจืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืจืืฉ.
03:32
And it's left for us to shape our lives and destinies
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ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื•ื’ื•ืจืœื ื•
03:35
to reflect our best hopes and aspirations.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉืงืคื• ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:39
I believe that human beings have the power
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื ื™-ื”ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื”
03:42
to turn situations of poverty into those of wealth and prosperity.
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™ ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’.
03:46
We have the capacity to alleviate suffering,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืงืœ ืกื‘ืœ,
03:49
extend life, prevent diseases,
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ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื—ืœื•ืช,
03:52
cure debilitating ailments, reduce infant mortality
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ืœืจืคื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช, ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืชืžื•ืชืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช
03:56
and preserve our planet.
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ื•ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•.
03:58
But we cannot accomplish all these goals by wishful thinking with our eyes closed
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช
04:03
or by armchair speculation or by expecting salvation from empty sky.
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ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืžืฉืžื™ื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื.
04:09
In contrast, millions of Africans imagine that their religious faith
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื›ืš, ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืžื“ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื
04:14
will help their dream come true,
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ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื,
04:16
and they spend so much time praying for miracles
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ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืžืื“ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœื ืกื™ื
04:19
and for divine intervention in their lives.
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ื•ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
04:23
In 2009, a Gallup survey in 114 countries
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ื‘-2009, ืžืฉืืœ ืฉืœ ื’ืืœื•ืค ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘-114 ืืจืฆื•ืช
04:28
revealed that religiosity was highest in the world's poorest nations.
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ื—ืฉืฃ ืฉื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื•ืช.
04:34
In fact, six of the 10 countries where 95 percent of the population
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, 6 ืžืชื•ืš 10 ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ 95 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”
04:39
said that religion was an important part of their daily lives, were African.
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ืืžืจื• ืฉื“ืช ื”ื™ื ื” ื—ืœืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช.
04:45
In some cases, religion drives many Africans to extraordinary length:
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ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื“ืช ื“ื•ื—ืคืช ืืช ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืœืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช:
04:50
to attack other human beings, to commit ritual killing,
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ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืจื’ ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™,
04:53
targeting those living with albinism,
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ื›ืฉื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื‘ืงื ื™ื,
04:57
those with a humpback,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื ื™ื,
04:59
and as I recently learned, those with a bald head.
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืื ืฉื™ื ืงืจื—ื™ื.
05:02
In Africa, superstition is widespread,
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ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืคืœื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืื“.
05:05
with so many people believing in witchcraft,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืฉืคื™ื,
05:07
something that has no basis in reason or in science.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื•ืกืจ-ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืžื“ืข.
05:10
Yet alleged witches, usually women, children and elderly persons
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื-ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื ืฉื™ื, ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืงื ื™ื,
05:16
are still routinely attacked, banished and killed.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืงืคื™ื, ืžื ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื ืจืฆื—ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ืจืชื™.
05:19
And I've made it part of my life's mission
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ืื ื™ ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉื™ืžืช ื—ื™ื™
05:22
to end witchcraft accusation and witch persecution in Africa.
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ืืช ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืืฉืžืชื ื•ืจื“ื™ืคืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
05:27
So as a humanist, I believe in a proactive approach to life.
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ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
05:31
The changes that we want cannot be achieved only by dreaming
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ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ื ืฉื™ื’ ืื ืจืง ื ื—ืœื•ื,
05:35
but require doing as well.
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ืืœื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื’ื ืขืฉื™ื™ื”.
05:37
The challenges that we face cannot go away
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ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืœื
05:40
if we recoil and retreat into our shells, wishing and imagining
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ืื ื ื™ืจืชืข ื•ื ืชืงืคืœ, ื•ืจืง ื ืฉืืฃ ื•ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ
05:44
that those problems will somehow magically disappear.
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ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืชื™ืขืœืžื ื” ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืคืœื.
05:48
The good life that we desire will not fall like manna from heaven.
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ื™ืคืœื• ืžืฉืžื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžืŸ.
05:53
My parents did not erect a block apartment by wishing and dreaming.
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ื”ื•ืจื™ ืœื ื”ืงื™ืžื• ื“ื™ืจืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื—ืœื•ื;
05:58
They worked hard, they failed, they tried again.
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ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืงืฉื”, ื”ื ื ื›ืฉืœื•, ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืฉื•ื‘.
06:02
They toiled with rolled-up sleeves,
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ื”ื ืขืžืœื• ื‘ืคืจืš ื‘ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืคืฉืœื™ื,
06:04
with their hands deep in debt, they plowed ahead,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืขื•ืœ,
06:07
growing their dreams into reality.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
06:10
So as a humanist, I believe we must be adventurous and even daring.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืคืชืงื ื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื•ืขื–ื™ื.
06:15
The path of success is paved with risk and uncertainties.
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ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจืฆื•ืคื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
06:19
We have to muster the will and courage to do what people have never done.
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ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ืจื ืขืฉื•.
06:24
To think what people have never thought.
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ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื’ื•.
06:26
Envisage what people have never imagined.
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ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ืจื ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•.
06:28
Go to places human beings have not been to.
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ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ื˜ืจื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื‘ื”ื.
06:31
And succeed where people have tried but failed.
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ื•ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื ื™ืกื• ื•ื ื›ืฉืœื•.
06:34
We must be ready to explore new frontiers of knowledge and understanding
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ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื—ื–ื™ืชื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื‘ื ื”
06:38
and attempt doing not just what is possible
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ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื ืจืง ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจื™
06:41
but also what is seemingly impossible.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™.
06:44
But I realize that at the end of the day,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื,
06:48
our efforts do not always yield our desires.
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ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืชื™ื ื•.
06:52
We fail, we suffer disappointments and setbacks.
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ืื ื• ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ืื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื›ื–ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืคืœื•ืช.
06:56
Some problems, such as wars and conflict, poverty and diseases
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืื‘ืงื™ื, ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช
07:01
and other natural and human-made disasters
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ื•ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืื• ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™-ืื“ื
07:03
seem as if they may never go away.
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ื ืจืื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื™ืขืœืžื• ืœืขื•ืœื.
07:06
Solutions to old problems have led to new dangers,
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ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืกื›ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
07:10
new cures to diseases have resulted in new health risks.
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ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
07:13
But the fact that these problems persist
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžืชืžื™ื“ื•ืช
07:15
and that solutions sometimes create their own problems
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ื•ืฉื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”ื
07:18
is not a reason for us to give up or to resign.
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ื”ื ืœื ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื ื•ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื ืคืจื•ืฉ.
07:22
It's not a reason for us to think that our efforts are of no consequence.
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ื”ื ืœื ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื• ืœื—ื™ื ื.
07:26
In fact, there is fulfillment in striving,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื‘ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉื’,
07:29
and trying to provide answers and solutions
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ื•ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืง ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช
07:32
to the problem humanity faces
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ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช
07:34
even when the likely outcome is failure.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ.
07:37
So as a humanist, I believe we must not despair for humanity.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืœืื‘ื“ ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
07:42
Even in the face of overwhelming difficulties
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื
07:45
and in the bleakest of circumstances.
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ื•ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื’ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:48
Human beings are creative beings.
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ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
07:51
We have the power to generate new ideas, new solutions and new cures.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
07:57
So why despair when the unexpected knocks on the horizon?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ืื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืฆืคื•ื™ ื ื•ืงืฉ ืขืœ ื“ืœืชื ื•?
08:01
It is in our nature to create anew, to be inventive and innovative,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช,
08:05
so why languish in idle expectation of a savior from above?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืœื”ืชื ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืš ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ืช ืกืจืง ืœืžื•ืฉื™ืข ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื?
08:10
So it is time for us Africans to take our destiny in our hands
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื•, ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื, ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•
08:14
and realize we have agency in the scheme of life.
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ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
08:17
We need to put an end to this game of blame
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ืœืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื”ืืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื”
08:19
that has prevented us from taking full responsibility for our own lives.
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ืฉืžื ืข ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ื•.
08:23
For too long, we have been prisoners of our past.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš ืžื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ืจื ื•.
08:27
We have allowed despair and pessimism to drain us,
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ื”ืจืฉื™ื ื• ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ืœืคืกื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืจื•ืงืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•,
08:30
drain our energies, limit our imaginations
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ืœืจื•ืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื ื•
08:33
and dim our vision for a better and brighter future.
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ื•ืœืขืžืขื ืืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื ื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:37
We have let this continent flounder.
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ื”ื ื—ื ื• ืœื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ืืช ืœื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช.
08:39
Why passing the buck like a Frisbee?
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ืœืžื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืคืจื™ื–ื‘ื™?
08:41
We've blamed slavery, colonialism and the new colonialism
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ื”ืืฉืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื•ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ
08:44
for the woes we experience, including our own self-inflicted wounds.
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ื‘ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืคืฆืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืคืฆืขื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•.
08:48
We have conducted ourselves
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ื”ืชื ื”ืœื ื•
08:50
in ways that seem as if Africa is damned and doomed.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืืช ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื›ืžืงื•ืœืœืช ื•ืื‘ื•ื“ื”.
08:53
And that all these experiences in history
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ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”
08:56
have irreversibly, irreparably foreclosed the chances and possibility
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ืกื’ืจื• ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืคื™ืš ื•ืœืœื ืชืงื ื”
ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคืจื™ืงื” ืชืฆืžื—, ืชืคืจื— ื•ืชืฉื’ืฉื’.
09:00
for Africa to emerge, thrive and flourish.
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09:04
We must realize that there is no part of the world
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื
09:08
that has not been colonized or enslaved in the past.
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ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
09:12
And if other parts of the world have moved on,
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ื•ืื ื—ืœืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•,
09:15
why can't we, now?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ื™ื•ื?
09:17
So as a humanist, I believe that the past is gone;
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ืื– ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•.
09:22
we cannot change it, we cannot alter it.
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ืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•, ืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœื™ื•.
09:24
But the future beckons us on with limitless possibilities
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืงื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืขื ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช
09:28
to recreate, reshape and remake our destinies.
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ืœื‘ืจื•ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื ื•.
09:31
So let's all of us seize this opportunity.
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืื—ื– ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช.
09:35
And as my parents did, begin the urgent task
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื• ื”ื•ืจื™, ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื“ื—ื•ืคื”
09:39
of rebuilding Africa, brick by brick.
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ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ืœื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ืœื‘ื ื”.
09:42
Let's give free reign to our ideas and imaginations,
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
09:45
as demonstrated at this TEDGlobal 2017.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื“ื’ืžื• ื‘ื›ื ืก ื–ื” ืฉืœ TEDGlobal2017.
09:49
Let's open our hearts and minds.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ืคืชื— ืืช ืœื‘ื ื• ื•ืžื•ื—ื ื•,
09:52
And exert our energy, intelligence and ingenuity
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ื ื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ืžืจืฅ, ื”ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ืžืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื•
09:55
and begin the urgent task of rebuilding Africa
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ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื“ื•ื—ืงืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
09:59
and of transforming this continent
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ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ื•
10:01
into a citadel of unrivaled prosperity and civilization.
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ืœืžืขื•ื– ืฉืœ ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื ืชื—ืจื•ืช.
10:06
This is what I believe as a humanist, as an African humanist.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜, ื›ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืกื˜ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™.
10:10
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
10:11
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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