Vik Muniz: Art with wire, sugar, chocolate and string

65,325 views ใƒป 2007-05-17

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Dorit Rieur ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:25
I was asked to come here and speak about creation.
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ื ืชื‘ืงืฉืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื”.
00:28
And I only have 15 minutes, and I see they're counting already.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืจืง 15 ื“ืงื•ืช, ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•.
00:32
And I can -- in 15 minutes, I think I can touch only a very rather janitorial branch of creation,
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ื•ื‘-15 ื“ืงื•ืช, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืขืช ืจืง ื‘ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช,
00:39
which I call "creativity."
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ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
00:42
Creativity is how we cope with creation.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจื”.
00:46
While creation sometimes seems a bit un-graspable, or even pointless,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ืจืื™ืช ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืชืคืกืช, ืื• ื—ืกืจืช ื˜ืขื,
00:52
creativity is always meaningful.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
00:55
See, for instance, in this picture.
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ืชืจืื•, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
00:56
You know, creation is what put that dog in that picture,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื’ืจื ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”,
01:00
and creativity is what makes us see a chicken on his hindquarters.
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ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื•.
01:05
When you think about -- you know, creativity has a lot to do with causality too.
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ื›ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”,ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.
01:11
You know, when I was a teenager, I was a creator.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืฉืจื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืฆืจ.
01:14
I just did things.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:17
Then I became an adult and started knowing who I was,
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ื•ืื– ื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืื ื™,
01:19
and tried to maintain that persona -- I became creative.
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ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืื ื™ -- ื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™.
01:23
It wasn't until I actually did a book and a retrospective exhibition, that I could track exactly --
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ื•ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืชืขืจื•ื›ื” ืžื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™, ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ--
01:31
looks like all the craziest things that I had done, all my drinking, all my parties --
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ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™, ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช --
01:35
they followed a straight line that brings me to the point
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ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืขื“ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช
01:37
that actually I'm talking to you at this moment.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื ื™ ื›ืจื’ืข ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื.
01:39
Though it's actually true, you know,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
01:43
the reason I'm talking to you right now is because I was born in Brazil.
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ื™ ื›ืจื’ืข ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ.
01:46
If I was born in Monterey, probably would be in Brazil.
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืžื•ื ื˜ืจื™ื™, ื‘ื˜ื— ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ.
01:52
You know, I was born in Brazil and grew up in the '70s
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ, ื•ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70,
01:54
under a climate of political distress,
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ื‘ืืงืœื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืกื•ืขืจ,
01:58
and I was forced to learn to communicate in a very specific way --
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ --
02:01
in a sort of a semiotic black market.
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ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืง ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืžืœื™ื.
02:03
You couldn't really say what you wanted to say;
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ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืช,
02:06
you had to invent ways of doing it.
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื–ืืช.
02:08
You didn't trust information very much.
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ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื•.
02:10
That led me to another step of why I'm here today,
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขื•ื“ ืฆืขื“, ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื• ืื ื™ ืคื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
02:13
is because I really liked media of all kinds.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื.
02:16
I was a media junkie, and eventually got involved with advertising.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื›ื•ืจ ืœืžื“ื™ื”, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื.
02:20
My first job in Brazil
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ
02:22
was actually to develop a way to improve the readability of billboards,
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ื”ื™ืชื”, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช,
02:27
and based on speed, angle of approach and actually blocks of text.
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ื•ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ ื”ื ื›ืชื‘.
02:31
It was very -- actually, it was a very good study,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื—ืงืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“,
02:34
and got me a job in an ad agency.
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ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื’ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ื.
02:36
And they also decided that I had to --
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื’ื ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš --
02:39
to give me a very ugly Plexiglas trophy for it.
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืกืœื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ืขืจ ืžืคืจืกืคืงืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื”.
02:44
And another point -- why I'm here --
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื‘ื” -- ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืื ื™ ื›ืืŸ --
02:46
is that the day I went to pick up the Plexiglas trophy,
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืกืœื•ืŸ,
02:50
I rented a tuxedo for the first time in my life,
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ืฉื›ืจืชื™ ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื“ื• ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™,
02:53
picked the thing -- didn't have any friends.
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ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคืกืœื•ืŸ -- ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื.
02:55
On my way out, I had to break a fight apart.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ื‘.
02:58
Somebody was hitting somebody else with brass knuckles.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื›ื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืื’ืจื•ืคื ื™ื.
03:01
They were in tuxedos, and fighting. It was very ugly.
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ื”ื ืœื‘ืฉื• ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื“ื•, ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ืžื›ื•ืช.ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื ื ืขื™ื.
03:03
And also -- advertising people do that all the time -- (Laughter) --
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ื•ื’ื -- ืื ืฉื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ -- (ืฆื—ื•ืง) --
03:09
and I -- well, what happened is when I went back, it was on the way back to my car,
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ื•ืื ื™ - ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช,
03:14
the guy who got hit decided to grab a gun --
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ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืงื“ื— --
03:16
I don't know why he had a gun --
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืืงื“ื— --
03:18
and shoot the first person he decided to be his aggressor.
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ื•ื™ืจื” ื‘ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉืœื•.
03:20
The first person was wearing a black tie, a tuxedo. It was me.
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ืฉ ืขื ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื“ื•. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื ื™.
03:26
Luckily, it wasn't fatal, as you can all see.
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ืœืžื–ืœื™, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืœื ื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ื›ื—.
03:29
And, even more luckily, the guy said that he was sorry
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ
03:34
and I bribed him for compensation money, otherwise I press charges.
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ื•ืฉื™ื—ื“ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ ืืฉืžื”.
03:38
And that's how -- with this money I paid for a ticket to come to the United States in 1983,
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ื•ื›ื›ื” -- ืขื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 1983,
03:44
and that's very -- the basic reason I'm talking to you here today:
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ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ - ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
03:48
because I got shot. (Laughter) (Applause)
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ื•ืจื™ืชื™. (ืฆื—ื•ืง) (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
03:51
Well, when I started working with my own work, I decided that I shouldn't do images.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื™, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืœื ืืฆื•ืจ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช.
03:59
You know, I became -- I took this very iconoclastic approach.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช.
04:03
Because when I decided to go into advertising, I wanted to do --
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืคืจืกื•ื, ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช --
04:06
I wanted to airbrush naked people on ice, for whiskey commercials,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืงืจื—, ืœืคืจืกื•ืžืช ืœื•ื™ืกืงื™,
04:12
that's what I really wanted to do. (Laughter)
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
04:13
But I -- they didn't let me do it, so I just -- you know,
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ืื‘ืœ - ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืื– ืื ื™ ืจืง -- ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
04:16
they would only let me do other things.
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ื”ื ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:18
But I wasn't into selling whiskey; I was into selling ice.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืงืจื—, ืœื ื•ื•ื™ืกืงื™.
04:22
The first works were actually objects.
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขืฆืžื™ื.
04:24
It was kind of a mixture of found object, product design and advertising.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื™ื, ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืคืจืกื•ื.
04:29
And I called them relics.
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ืื ื™ ื›ื™ื ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ื.
04:31
They were displayed first at Stux Gallery in 1983.
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ื’ืœืจื™ื™ืช Stux ื‘-1983.
04:35
This is the clown skull.
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช ื”ืœื™ืฆืŸ.
04:37
Is a remnant of a race of -- a very evolved race of entertainers.
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ื–ื”ื• ืฉืจื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืข ืžืคื•ืชื— ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ืจื ื™ื.
04:40
They lived in Brazil, long time ago. (Laughter)
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ืืฉืจ ื—ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:44
This is the Ashanti joystick.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง.
04:46
Unfortunately, it has become obsolete because it was designed for Atari platform.
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ืœืฆืขืจื™, ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช "ืื˜ืืจื™".
04:51
A Playstation II is in the works, maybe for the next TED I'll bring it.
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ื™ืฉื ื” ื’ืจืกื” ืœ"ืคืœื™ื™ืกื˜ืฉื™ื™ืŸ 2" ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœ-TED ื”ื‘ื.
04:56
The rocking podium. (Laughter)
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ื”ืคื•ื“ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืชื ื•ื“ื“.
05:01
This is the pre-Columbian coffeemaker. (Laughter)
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืคื” ืžื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืคืจื”-ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ื™ืช.
05:06
Actually, the idea came out of an argument that I had at Starbucks,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื‘"ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืงืก",
05:10
that I insisted that I wasn't having Colombian coffee;
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ืื ื™ ื”ืชืขืงืฉืชื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื™ ืงืคื” ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ื™,
05:12
the coffee was actually pre-Columbian.
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ื”ืงืคื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืจื”-ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ื™.
05:14
The Bonsai table.
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ื–ื”ื• ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื‘ื•ื ืกืื™.
05:20
The entire Encyclopedia Britannica bound in a single volume, for travel purposes.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ื›ืจืš ืื—ื“, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื—ืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ.
05:30
And the half tombstone, for people who are not dead yet.
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ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืžืฆื‘ื”, ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืชื•.
05:36
I wanted to take that into the realm of images,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
05:39
and I decided to make things that had the same identity conflicts.
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืชื“ืžื™ืช.
05:44
So I decided to do work with clouds.
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ืขื ื ื™ื.
05:46
Because clouds can mean anything you want.
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ื›ื™ ืืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื ื ื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื.
05:49
But now I wanted to work in a very low-tech way,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืื•ื“ "ืœื•ืื•-ื˜ืง",
05:52
so something that would mean at the same time
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ื”ื ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช
05:55
a lump of cotton, a cloud and Durer's praying hands --
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ื’ื•ืฉ ื›ื•ืชื ื”, ืขื ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืžืชืคืœืœ --
05:59
although this looks a lot more like Mickey Mouse's praying hands.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงื™ ืžืื•ืก ืžืชืคืœืœ.
06:03
But I was still, you know -- this is a kitty cloud.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื -- ื”ื ื” ืขื ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืชืœืชื•ืœ.
06:07
They're called "Equivalents," after Alfred Stieglitz's work.
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ื”ื ื ืงืจืื™ื "ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื", ืขืœ ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืืœืคืจื“ ืฉื˜ื™ื’ืœื™ืฅ.
06:12
"The Snail."
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"ื”ื—ืœื–ื•ืŸ".
06:13
But I was still working with sculpture,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ืคืกืœื™ื,
06:15
and I was really trying to go flatter and flatter.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉื˜ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:18
"The Teapot."
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"ืงื ืงืŸ ื”ืชื”".
06:20
I had a chance to go to Florence, in -- I think it was '94,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืคื™ืจื ืฆื”, ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 94',
06:23
and I saw Ghiberti's "Door of Paradise."
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช "ื“ืœืช ื’ืŸ ื”ืขื“ืŸ" ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ืจื˜ื™.
06:27
And he did something that was very tricky.
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ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ืžื—ื•ื›ื ืžืื•ื“.
06:30
He put together two different media from different periods of time.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื“ื™ื”, ืžืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
06:33
First, he got an age-old way of making it, which was relief,
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื™ืฆืจ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ,
06:38
and he worked this with three-point perspective, which was brand-new technology at the time.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ื™ืฉื”.
06:43
And it's totally overkill.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื’ื–ื.
06:46
And your eye doesn't know which level to read.
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ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื• ืจืžื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜.
06:48
And you become trapped into this kind of representation.
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ื•ืืชื” ื ืœื›ื“ ื‘ืชืฆื•ื’ื”.
06:51
So I decided to make these very simple renderings,
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
06:55
that at first they are taken as a line drawing --
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื•.
06:58
you know, something that's very -- and then I did it with wire.
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืžืชื™ืœ.
07:02
The idea was to -- because everybody overlooks white -- like pencil drawings, you know?
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” -- ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžืฆื‘ืข ืœื‘ืŸ -- ื”ื ื ืจืื• ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืคืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื ืชื?
07:08
And they would look at it -- "Ah, it's a pencil drawing."
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ื -- ื”ื, ื–ื” ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืขืคืจื•ืŸ.
07:10
Then you have this double take and see that it's actually something that existed in time.
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ื•ืื–, ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉื ื™, ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
07:14
It had a physicality,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื” ืžื™ืžื“ ืคื™ื–ื™,
07:16
and you start going deeper and deeper into sort of narrative
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ื•ืืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
07:20
that goes this way, towards the image. So this is "Monkey with Leica."
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ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื”. ืื– ื–ื” "ืงื•ืฃ ืขื ืœื™ื™ืงื”".
07:28
"Relaxation."
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"ื”ื™ืจื’ืขื•ืช".
07:30
"Fiat Lux."
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"ืคื™ืื˜ ืœื•ืงืก".
07:34
And the same way the history of representation
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ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื”
07:37
evolved from line drawings to shaded drawings.
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ื”ืชืคืชื—ื” ืžืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ืงื•, ืœืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฆืœืœื™ื.
07:40
And I wanted to deal with other subjects.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
07:42
I started taking that into the realm of landscape,
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ืื—ืจ,
07:45
which is something that's almost a picture of nothing.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื•ื.
07:49
I made these pictures called "Pictures of Thread,"
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ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ืฉื ืงืจืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื˜.
07:51
and I named them after the amount of yards that I used to represent each picture.
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืœื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ื”ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ.
07:55
These always end up being a photograph at the end,
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื,
07:57
or more like an etching in this case.
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ืื•, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ืœืชื—ืจื™ื˜.
07:59
So this is a lighthouse.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื•ืจ.
08:06
This is "6,500 Yards," after Corot. "9,000 Yards," after Gerhard Richter.
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ื–ื”ื• "6,500 ื™ืืจื“", ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืงื•ืจื•ื˜. "9,000 ื™ืืจื“" ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื’ืจื”ืืจื“ ืจื™ื›ื˜ืจ.
08:13
And I don't know how many yards, after John Constable.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ื™ืืจื“, ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื’'ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื‘ืœ.
08:19
Departing from the lines, I decided to tackle the idea of points,
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ื›ืฉืžื™ืฆื™ืชื™ ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช,
08:22
like which is more similar to the type of representation that we find in photographs themselves.
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ืฉื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ.
08:27
I had met a group of children in the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ ื”ืงืืจื™ื‘ื™ ืกื™ื™ื ื˜-ืงื™ื˜ืก,
08:31
and I did work and play with them.
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ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื•ืฉื™ื—ืงืชื™ ืื™ืชื.
08:35
I got some photographs from them.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื ืžื”ื.
08:37
Upon my arrival in New York, I decided --
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ --
08:39
they were children of sugar plantation workers.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืขื™ ืงื ื” ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ.
08:43
And by manipulating sugar over a black paper, I made portraits of them.
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ื•ืืคืฉืจ, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื ื™ื™ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจ, ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคื•ืจื˜ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
08:48
These are -- (Applause) --
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ื”ื ื” ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” -- (ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช) --
08:52
Thank you. This is "Valentina, the Fastest."
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ืชื•ื“ื”. ื–ื•ื”ื™ "ื•ืœื ื˜ื™ื ื”, ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ."
08:56
It was just the name of the child,
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ื–ื”ื• ืจืง ืฉื ื”ื™ืœื“,
08:58
with the little thing you get to know of somebody that you meet very briefly.
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ื•ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืœื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ.
09:02
"Valicia."
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"ื•ืœื™ืฉื™ื”"
09:06
"Jacynthe."
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"ื’'ืกื™ื ืช'"
09:10
But another layer of representation was still introduced.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
09:12
Because I was doing this while I was making these pictures,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
09:15
I realized that I could add still another thing
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ื ื•ื›ื—ืชื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”
09:18
I was trying to make a subject --
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื ื•ืฉื --
09:20
something that would interfere with the themes,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืชื ื’ืฉ ืขื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื,
09:25
so chocolate is very good, because it has --
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ืœืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื•
09:29
it brings to mind ideas that go from scatology to romance.
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-- ืžื‘ื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืขื™ื ืžื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืœืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืงื”.
09:34
And so I decided to make these pictures,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
09:37
and they were very large, so you had to walk away from it to be able to see them.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื”ื™ื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.
09:40
So they're called "Pictures of Chocolate."
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ื”ืŸ ื ืงืจืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“.
09:41
Freud probably could explain chocolate better than I. He was the first subject.
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ืคืจื•ื™ื“ ื‘ื˜ื— ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื™. ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
09:46
And Jackson Pollock also.
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ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ืคื•ืœื•ืง.
09:52
Pictures of crowds are particularly interesting,
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื”ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“,
09:54
because, you know, you go to that --
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืชืžื•ื ื” --
09:56
you try to figure out the threshold with something you can define very easily,
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ื•ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื• ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืœื”,
09:59
like a face, goes into becoming just a texture.
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ื›ืžื• ืคื ื™ื, ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ืžืจืงื.
10:03
"Paparazzi."
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"ืคืคืจืืฆื™"
10:07
I used the dust at the Whitney Museum to render some pieces of their collection.
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ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ "ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื ื™" ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ืื‘ืง ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื.
10:11
And I picked minimalist pieces because they're about specificity.
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ืืกืคืชื™ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคื” ืขืœ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช.
10:15
And you render this with the most non-specific material,
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ื•ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืœื-ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™,
10:18
which is dust itself.
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ืขื ื”ืื‘ืง ืขืฆืžื•.
10:20
Like, you know, you have the skin particles of every single museum visitor.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉืจ ืžื›ืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ.
10:24
They do a DNA scan of this, they will come up with a great mailing list.
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ื ืขืฉื” ืกืงื™ืจืช ื“ื "ื ืฉืœ ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื ืคืœืื”.
10:30
This is Richard Serra.
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ื–ื”ื• ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ืกืจื”.
10:38
I bought a computer, and [they] told me it had millions of colors in it.
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ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘, ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•.
10:42
You know an artist's first response to this is, who counted it? You know?
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืŸ ืœื–ื” ื”ื™ื: ืžื™ ืกืคืจ ืื•ืชื? ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื?
10:46
And I realized that I never worked with color,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ืฆื‘ืข.
10:49
because I had a hard time controlling the idea of single colors.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื™ื.
10:53
But once they're applied to numeric structure,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื ื ื’ืขื• ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ืžืกืคืจื™ืช,
10:56
then you can feel more comfortable.
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ืืคืฉืจืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:58
So the first time I worked with colors was by making these mosaics of Pantone swatches.
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ืื– ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื” ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืคืกื™ืคืกื™ื ืžื ื™ืคื•ืช ืคื ื˜ื•ืŸ.
11:03
They end up being very large pictures,
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,
11:05
and I photographed with a very large camera --
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ืื ื™ ืฆื™ืœืžืชื™ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืฆืœืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” --
11:07
an 8x10 camera.
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ืžืฆืœืžืช 8X10.
11:09
So you can see the surface of every single swatch --
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืจื™ื‘ื•ืข ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ืข --
11:11
like in this picture of Chuck Close.
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืืง ืงืœื•ื–.
11:13
And you have to walk very far to be able to see it.
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”.
11:18
Also, the reference to Gerhard Richter's use of color charts --
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ,ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื’ื”ืจืืจื“ ืจื™ื›ื˜ืจ --
11:25
and the idea also entering another realm of representation that's very common to us today,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื’ ื’ื ืžื™ืžื“ ืฉืœ ืชืฆื•ื’ื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•,
11:29
which is the bit map.
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ืžืคืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื.
11:31
I ended up narrowing the subject to Monet's "Haystacks."
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ื”ืคืฉื˜ื” ืฉืœ "ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืฆื™ืจ" ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื”.
11:37
This is something I used to do as a joke --
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื”ื’ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” --
11:38
you know, make -- the same like -- Robert Smithson's "Spiral Jetty" --
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื -- ื›ืžื• "Spiral Jetty" -- ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืกืžื™ืช'ืกื•ืŸ --
11:43
and then leaving traces, as if it was done on a tabletop.
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
11:47
I tried to prove that he didn't do that thing in the Salt Lake.
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ืœื˜-ืœื™ื™ืง.
11:51
But then, just doing the models, I was trying to explore the relationship
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื, ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ
11:55
between the model and the original.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืจ.
11:57
And I felt that I would have to actually go there and make some earthworks myself.
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ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืขืœื™ ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
12:03
I opt for very simple line drawings -- kind of stupid looking.
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื - ื ืจืื” ืงืฆืช ื˜ืคืฉื™.
12:08
And at the same time, I was doing these very large constructions,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืžื™ืฆื’ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“,
12:11
being 150 meters away.
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ืžืžืจื—ืง 150 ืžื˜ืจ.
12:14
Now I would do very small ones, which would be like --
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืžื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื• --
12:18
but under the same light, and I would show them together,
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ื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื‘ื™ื—ื“,
12:21
so the viewer would have to really figure it out what one he was looking.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฆื•ืคื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ.
12:24
I wasn't interested in the very large things, or in the small things.
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ืœื ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
12:27
I was more interested in the things in between,
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ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื,
12:30
you know, because you can leave an enormous range for ambiguity there.
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ื›ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
12:36
This is like you see -- the size of a person over there.
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ื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื - ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื“ื.
12:41
This is a pipe.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืงื˜ืจืช.
12:46
A hanger.
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ืงื•ืœื‘.
12:48
And this is another thing that I did -- you know working
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ --
12:53
-- everybody loves to watch somebody draw,
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-- ื›ื•ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ,
12:55
but not many people have a chance to watch somebody draw in --
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฆืคื•ืช --
12:58
a lot of people at the same time, to evidence a single drawing.
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ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื, ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืฆืจ.
13:02
And I love this work,
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ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•,
13:05
because I did these cartoonish clouds over Manhattan for a period of two months.
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืขื ื ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ืžื ื”ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
13:10
And it was quite wonderful, because I had an interest -- an early interest -- in theater,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื“ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืงื“ื -- ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ,
13:14
that's justified on this thing.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
13:16
In theater, you have the character and the actor in the same place,
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ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื,
13:20
trying to negotiate each other in front of an audience.
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ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ.
13:22
And in this, you'd have like a --
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ื•ืคื”, ืคื” ืจื•ืื™ื --
13:24
something that looks like a cloud, and it is a cloud at the same time.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื ืŸ,ื•ื–ื” ืื›ืŸ ืขื ืŸ.
13:28
So they're like perfect actors.
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ื”ื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื.
13:31
My interest in acting, especially bad acting, goes a long way.
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ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืฉื—ืง ืจืข, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื–ืžืŸ.
13:37
Actually, I once paid like 60 dollars
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืคืขื ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ 60 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
13:39
to see a very great actor to do a version of "King Lear,"
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื“ื’ื•ืœ ืขื•ืฉื” ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœ "ื”ืžืœืš ืœื™ืจ",
13:43
and I felt really robbed, because by the time the actor started being King Lear,
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ื•ืžืžืฉ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืฉื“ื“ื• ืื•ืชื™,ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืš ืœื™ืจ,
13:48
he stopped being the great actor that I had paid money to see.
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ื”ื•ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืจืื•ืช.
13:51
On the other hand, you know, I paid like three dollars, I think --
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ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ืคืขื 3 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ --
13:59
and I went to a warehouse in Queens
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ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžื—ืกืŸ ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืก
14:01
to see a version of "Othello" by an amateur group.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœ "ืื•ืชืœื•" ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื.
14:06
And it was quite fascinating, because you know the guy --
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžืจืชืง, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ --
14:09
his name was Joey Grimaldi --
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ืฉืžื• ื”ื™ื” ื’'ื•ืื™ ื’ืจื™ืžืœื“ื™ --
14:11
he impersonated the Moorish general
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื ืืช ื”ื’ื ืจืœ
14:14
-- you know, for the first three minutes he was really that general,
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-- ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ื ืจืœ,
14:16
and then he went back into plumber, he worked as a plumber, so --
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจื‘ืจื‘, ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉืจื‘ืจื‘, ืื– --
14:20
plumber, general, plumber, general --
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ืฉืจื‘ืจื‘, ื’ื ืจืœ, ืฉืจื‘ืจื‘,ื’ื ืจืœ --
14:23
so for three dollars, I saw two tragedies for the price of one.
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ืื– ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ 3 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื,ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉืชื™ ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืื—ืช.
14:29
See, I think it's not really about impression,
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืจื•ืฉื,
14:34
making people fall for a really perfect illusion,
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ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืœื™ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช,
14:36
as much as it is to make -- I usually work at the lowest threshold of visual illusion.
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ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ -- ืื ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš-ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืกืฃ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืืฉืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช.
14:42
Because it's not about fooling somebody,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ืš ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ืœืœ,
14:45
it's actually giving somebody a measure of their own belief:
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ืืœื ืœืชืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื”:
14:48
how much you want to be fooled.
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ื›ืžื” ืืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœืš ืฉื•ืœืœ.
14:50
That's why we pay to go to magic shows and things like that.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืคืขื™ ืงืกืžื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
14:54
Well, I think that's it.
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ืื•ืงื™, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™.
14:56
My time is nearly up.
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ื–ืžื ื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืชื.
14:57
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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