Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala: Let's have a deeper discussion on aid

42,725 views ใƒป 2007-08-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yael BST ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:26
It's very, very difficult
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ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”
00:31
to speak at the end of a conference like this,
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื›ื–ื”,
00:34
because everyone has spoken. Everything has been said.
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ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื›ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืืžืจ.
00:37
So I thought that what may be useful is to remind us
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ื–ื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื•
00:41
of some of the things that have gone on here,
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื›ืืŸ,
00:44
and then maybe offer some ideas which we can take away,
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ื•ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื›ืžื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืื™ืชื ื•,
00:47
and take forward and work on.
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ื•ืœืงื“ื ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื.
00:52
That's what I'd like to try and do.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
00:53
We came here saying we want to talk about "Africa: the Next Chapter."
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ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืžืจื™ื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ "ืืคืจื™ืงื”: ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื".
00:58
But we are talking about "Africa: the Next Chapter"
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ "ืืคืจื™ืงื”: ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื"
01:00
because we are looking at the old and the present chapter -- that we're looking at,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ - ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื”,
01:06
and saying it's not such a good thing.
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ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘.
01:09
The picture I showed you before, and this picture, of drought, death and disease
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ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ืฉืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช, ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช
01:12
is what we usually see.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš-ื›ืœืœ ืจื•ืื™ื.
01:16
What we want to look at is "Africa: the Next Chapter,"
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ื” "ืืคืจื™ืงื”: ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื",
01:20
and that's this: a healthy, smiling, beautiful African.
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ื•ื–ื” ื–ื”: ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ื‘ืจื™ื, ืžื—ื™ื™ืš, ื™ืคื”.
01:24
And I think it's worth remembering what we've heard
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืฉืžืขื ื•
01:27
through the conference right from the first day,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื›ื ืก ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
01:29
where I heard that all the important statistics have been given --
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ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืฉืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื™ืชื ื• -
01:32
about where we are now,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื,
01:35
about how the continent is doing much better.
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ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
01:39
And the importance of that is that we have a platform to build on.
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ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช.
01:42
So I'm not going to spend too much time --
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืœื ืืฉืงื™ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ -
01:45
just to show you, refresh your memories
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ืจืง ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื, ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื›ื
01:48
that we are here for "Africa: the Next Chapter" because for the first time
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ "ืืคืจื™ืงื”: ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื" ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
01:50
there really is a platform to build on.
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ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•.
01:54
We really do have it going right
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ
01:57
that the continent is growing at rates that people had thought would not happen.
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ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืงืจื•.
02:01
After decades of 2 percent, we are now at 5 percent,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ 2 ืื—ื•ื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘- 5 ืื—ื•ื–,
02:04
and it's going to -- projected -- 6 and 7 percent even.
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ืžืฉื™ืš - ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ืช - 6 ื•- 7 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื•.
02:08
And inflation has come down.
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ื•ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื™ืจื“ื”.
02:12
External debt -- something that I can tell you a long story about
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ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ - ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื•
02:14
because I personally worked on one of the biggest debts on the continent --
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช -
02:18
has come down dramatically.
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ืคื—ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช.
02:21
You know, as you can see,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช,
02:23
from almost 50 billion down to about 12 or 13 billion.
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ืžื›ืžืขื˜ 50 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœื›- 12 ืื• 13 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“.
02:26
Now this is a huge achievement.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ ืขืฆื•ื.
02:29
You know, we've built up reserves. Why is that important?
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืฉื™ืจื™ื™ื ื• ืขืชื•ื“ื•ืช. ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘?
02:33
It's because it shows off our economies, shows off our currencies
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ ืœืจืื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืžืฆื™ื’ ืœืจืื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
02:36
and gives a platform on which people can plan and build, including businesses.
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ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขืกืงื™ื.
02:41
We've also seen some evidence that all this is making a difference
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืจืื™ื ื• ื’ื ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื”
02:45
because private investment flows have increased.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืชื–ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื”,
02:48
I want to remind you again --
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื•ื‘ -
02:50
I know you saw these statistics before --
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ืชื ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืงื•ื“ื -
02:53
from almost 6 billion we are now at about 18 billion.
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ืžื›ืžืขื˜ 6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘- 18 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“.
02:56
In 2005, remittances -- I just took one country, Nigeria
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ื‘- 2005, ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื - ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืจืง ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืช, ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”
02:59
skyrocketing -- skyrocketing is too dramatic,
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ื”ืจืงื™ืขื• ืฉื—ืงื™ื - ื”ืจืงื™ืขื• ืฉื—ืงื™ื ื–ื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ืžื“ื™,
03:04
but increasing dramatically.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
03:07
And in many other countries this is happening.
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ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”.
03:09
Why is this important? Because it shows confidence.
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ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘? ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืืžื•ืŸ.
03:11
People are now confident to bring --
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื -
03:14
if your people in the diaspora bring their money back,
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ืื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฆืœื›ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื ื—ื–ืจื”,
03:17
it shows other people that, look,
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ื–ื” ืžืื•ืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืชืจืื•,
03:19
there is emerging confidence in your country.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
03:22
And instead of an outflow, you are now getting a net inflow.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฆื•ื ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื‘ื•ื ื ื˜ื•.
03:25
Now, why is all this important, to have to go really fast?
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ
03:27
It's important that we build this platform,
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ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื–ื”,
03:30
that we have the president, Kikwete, and others of our leaders who are saying,
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ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืงื™ืงื•ื•ืื˜ื”, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื,
03:33
"Look, we must do something different."
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"ืชืจืื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจืช."
03:35
Because we are confronted with a challenge.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืืชื’ืจ.
03:37
62 percent of our population is below the age of 24.
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62 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ื™ืœ 24.
03:44
What does this mean?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ?
03:47
This means that we have to focus on how our youth
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืื™ืš ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
03:50
are going to be engaged in productive endeavor in their lives.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
03:53
You have to focus on how to create jobs,
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
03:56
make sure they don't fall into disease, and that they get an education.
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ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื™ืคืœื• ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช, ื•ืฉื”ื ื™ืจื›ืฉื• ื”ืฉื›ืœื”.
03:58
But most of all that they are productively engaged in life,
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
04:01
and that they are creating the kind of productive environment
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ื•ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช
04:04
in our countries that will make things happen.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช.
04:08
And to support this, I just recently --
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืš, ืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื ื™ -
04:11
one of the things I've done since leaving government
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžืื– ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”
04:13
is to start an opinion research organization in Nigeria.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืงื”ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”.
04:15
Most of our countries don't even have any opinion research.
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ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื“ืขืช ืงื”ืœ.
04:19
People don't have voice.
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืœ.
04:21
There is no way you can know what people want.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
04:23
One of the things we asked them recently was what's their top issue.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื” ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื.
04:25
Like in every other country where this has been done,
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื‘ื” ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื”,
04:28
jobs is the top issue.
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ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™.
04:32
I want to leave this up here and come back to it.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื–ื”.
04:37
But before I get to this slide, I just wanted to run you through this.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื–ื•, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืจืง ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืชื›ื ืขืœ ื–ื”.
04:41
And to say that for me, the next stage of building this platform
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ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ื‘ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื–ื”
04:44
that now enables us to move forward --
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ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื ื•ืข ืงื“ื™ืžื” -
04:47
and we mustn't make light of it.
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ื•ืืœ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืงืœ ืจืืฉ ื‘ื›ืš,
04:49
It was only 5, 6, 7 years ago
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ 5, 6, 7 ืฉื ื™ื
04:54
we couldn't even talk about the next chapter, because we were in the old chapter.
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ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื, ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ.
04:58
We were going nowhere.
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ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ืžื ื• ืื– ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื.
05:01
The economies were not growing.
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ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆืžื™ื—ื”.
05:03
We were having negative per capita growth.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ืœื ืคืฉ.
05:07
The microeconomic framework and foundation for moving forward
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ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื™ืงืจื• ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื”
05:09
was not even there.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
05:13
So let's not forget that it's taken a lot to build this,
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”,
05:16
including all those things that we tried to do in Nigeria that Dele referred to.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื” ืฉ DELE ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื.
05:18
Creating our own program to solve problems, like fighting corruption,
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืฉืœื ื• ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช,
05:25
building institutions, stabilizing the micro economy.
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ื”ืงืžืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื™ืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
05:30
So now we have this platform we can build on.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื–ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•.
05:34
And it brings us to the debate that has been going on here:
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื ื”ืœ ื›ืืŸ:
05:38
aid versus private sector, aid versus trade, etc.
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ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžื•ืœ ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžื•ืœ ืกื—ืจ, ื•ื›ื•'.
05:43
And someone stood up to say that one of the frustrating things
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ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืงื ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืชืกื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:48
is that it's been a simplistic debate.
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคืฉื˜ื ื™.
05:50
And that's not what the debate should be about.
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ื•ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•.
05:55
That's engaging in the wrong debate.
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ื–ื” ื”ืชืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
05:59
The issue here is how do we get a partnership that involves government donors,
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ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉืžืขืจื‘ืช ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช, ืชื•ืจืžื™ื,
06:01
the private sector and ordinary African people
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ืืช ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืืช ืื ืฉื™ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื
06:05
taking charge of their own lives?
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ืฉื™ื™ืงื—ื• ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœื”ื?
06:08
How do we combine all this?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื•?
06:13
To move our continent forward, to do the things that need doing
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืขื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช
06:15
that I talked about -- getting young people employed.
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ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื - ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.
06:18
Getting the creative juices flowing on this continent,
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื–ืจื•ื ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ื•,
06:21
much of what you have seen here.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืื™ืชื ืคื”.
06:24
So I'm afraid we've been engaging a little bit in the wrong debate.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฉืช ืฉืขืกืงื ื• ืงืฆืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
06:27
We need to bring it back to say,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉืืœื”,
06:29
what is the combination of all these factors
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
06:32
that is going to yield what we want? (Applause)
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ืฉื™ื ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื? (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
06:36
And I want to tell you something.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื•.
06:41
For me, the issue about aid --
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข -
06:44
I don't think that Africans need to now go all the way over to the other side
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™
06:48
and feel bad about aid.
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ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืจืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข.
06:51
Africa has been giving the other countries aid.
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ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
06:54
Mo Ibrahim said at a debate we were at that
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ืžื• ืื™ื‘ืจื”ื™ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืคื ื• ื‘ื•
06:59
he dreams one day when Africa will be giving aid.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืืคืจื™ืงื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื–ื• ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืกื™ื•ืข.
07:01
And I said, "Mo, you're right. We have -- no, but we've already been doing it!
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™: "ืžื•, ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง. ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื - ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช!
07:04
The U.K. and the U.S. could not have been built today without Africa's aid."
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ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื•ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื•ืœื ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”."
07:10
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:18
It is all the resources that were taken from Africa,
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ื• ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”,
07:21
including human, that built these countries today!
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืฉื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•!
07:25
So when they try to give back, we shouldn't be on the defensive.
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ืื– ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื ืกื•ืช ืœืชืช ื—ื–ืจื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžื’ื ื ื”.
07:31
The issue is not that.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
07:34
The issue is how are we using what has been given back.
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ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
07:38
How are we using it?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื”?
07:41
Is it being directed effectively?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืขืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช?
07:46
I want to tell you a little story.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ.
07:49
Why I don't mind if we get aid, but we use it well.
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืžืคืจื™ืข ืœื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืœ ืกื™ื•ืข, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
07:58
From 1967 to '70, Nigeria fought a war -- the Nigeria-Biafra war.
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ื”ื—ืœ ืž- 1967 ื•ืขื“ 70, ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” - ืžืœื—ืžืช ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”-ื‘ื™ืืคืจื”.
08:01
And in the middle of that war, I was 14 years old.
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ื•, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืช 14.
08:05
We spent much of our time with my mother cooking.
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ื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืื™ืžื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ.
08:07
For the army -- my father joined the army as a brigadier -- the Biafran army.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ื - ืื‘ื™ ื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื‘ื ื›ืชืช-ืืœื•ืฃ - ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื‘ื™ืืคืจื”.
08:10
We were on the Biafran side.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืืคืจื”.
08:12
And we were down to eating one meal a day, running from place to place,
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ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื›ืœื ื• ืืจื•ื—ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื, ืจืฆื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื.
08:15
but wherever we could help we did.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืขื–ืจื ื•.
08:19
At a certain point in time, in 1969, things were really bad.
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื‘- 1969, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื”.
08:23
We were down to almost nothing in terms of a meal a day.
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ื”ืฆื˜ืžืฆืžื ื• ืœืืจื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืขื ื‘ื™ื•ื.
08:27
People, children were dying of kwashiorkor.
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ืื ืฉื™ื, ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื’ืกืกื• ืžืงื•ื•ืฉื™ื•ืจืงื•ืจ.
08:29
I'm sure some of you who are not so young
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉืืœื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื›ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
08:31
will remember those pictures.
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
08:34
Well, I was in the middle of it.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ื”.
08:36
In the midst of all this, my mother fell ill with a stomach ailment for two or three days.
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื ืคืœื” ืœืžืฉื›ื‘, ืขื ืžื—ืœืช ืงื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื”.
08:40
We thought she was going to die.
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ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืžื•ืช.
08:42
My father was not there.
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ืื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
08:44
He was in the army.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื‘ื.
08:45
So I was the oldest person in the house.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
08:49
My sister fell very ill with malaria.
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ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื—ืœืชื” ื‘ืžืœืจื™ื”.
08:54
She was three years old and I was 15.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 3 ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืช 15.
08:59
And she had such a high fever. We tried everything.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื—ื•ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื’ื‘ื•ื”. ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ื”ื›ื•ืœ.
09:01
It didn't look like it was going to work.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ.
09:05
Until we heard that 10 kilometers away there was a doctor, who was
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ืขื“ ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื‘ืžืจื—ืง 10 ืง"ืž ื™ืฉื ื” ืจื•ืคืื”,
09:09
looking at people and giving them meds.
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื•ื“ืงืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช.
09:11
Now I put my sister on my back -- burning --
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ - ื‘ื•ืขืจืช -
09:15
and I walked 10 kilometers with her strapped on my back.
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ื•ืฆืขื“ืชื™ 10 ืง"ืž ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืืœื™ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™.
09:18
It was really hot. I was very hungry.
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ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืจืขื‘ื”.
09:23
I was scared because I knew her life depended on my getting to this woman.
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ืคื—ื“ืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื’ื™ืข ืืœ ืื•ืชื” ืืฉื”
09:26
We heard there was a woman doctor who was treating people.
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ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืจื•ืคืื” ืฉืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื.
09:28
I walked 10 kilometers, putting one foot in front of the other.
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ืฆืขื“ืชื™ 10 ืง"ืž, ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืจื’ืœ ืื—ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืจื’ืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
09:31
I got there and I saw huge crowds.
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื.
09:34
Almost a thousand people were there, trying to break down the door.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืœืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื, ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช.
09:37
She was doing this in a church. How was I going to get in?
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ื”ื™ื ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื”. ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ืื›ื ืก?
09:43
I had to crawl in between the legs of these people
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื–ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื
09:46
with my sister strapped on my back,
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ื›ืฉืื—ื•ืชื™ ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘,
09:50
find a way to a window.
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ืœื•ืŸ.
09:51
And while they were trying to break down the door,
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช,
09:54
I climbed in through the window, and jumped in.
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ืื ื™ ื˜ื™ืคืกืชื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ, ื•ืงืคืฆืชื™ ืคื ื™ืžื”.
09:58
This woman told me it was in the nick of time.
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ื”ืืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
10:01
By the time we jumped into that hall, she was barely moving.
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืคื ื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ืœื, ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื–ื–ื”.
10:05
She gave a shot of her chloroquine -- what I learned was the chloroquine then --
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ื”ื™ื ื ืชื ื” ืœื” ื–ืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื•ืจื•ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ -- ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื›ืœื•ืจื•ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ
10:09
gave her some -- it must have been a re-hydration --
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ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื” ืงืฆืช - ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื“ืจืฆื™ื” -
10:12
and some other therapies, and put us in a corner.
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ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืฉืžื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืคื™ื ื”.
10:19
In about two to three hours, she started to move.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ, ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื–ื•ื–.
10:24
And then they toweled her down because she started sweating,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืขื˜ืคื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžื’ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื–ื™ืข,
10:27
which was a good sign.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
10:32
And then my sister woke up.
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ื•ืื– ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื”.
10:36
And about five or six hours later, she said we could go home.
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ื•ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืžืฉ ืื• ืฉืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืœื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
10:39
I strapped her on my back.
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ืงืฉืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™.
10:42
I walked the 10 kilometers back and it was the shortest walk I ever had.
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ืฆืขื“ืชื™ 10 ืง"ืž ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืขื“ื” ื”ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™.
10:46
I was so happy -- (Applause) -- that my sister was alive!
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืฉืžื—ื” - (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื) - ืฉืื—ื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ื™ื”!
10:53
Today she's 41 years old, a mother of three,
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืช 41, ืื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื”,
10:55
and she's a physician saving other lives.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืคืื” ืฉืžืฆื™ืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:58
Why am I telling that? I'm telling you that because --
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ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืืช ื–ื”? ืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื™ -
11:00
when it is you or your person involved --
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ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืš ืื• ืื“ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ืš -
11:06
you don't care where -- whether it's aid.
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ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœืš ืื™ืคื” - ืื ื–ื” ืกื™ื•ืข.
11:11
You don't care what it is! (Applause)
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ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœืš ืžื” ื–ื”! (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
11:19
You just want the person to be alive!
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ืืชื” ืจืง ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ-ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื”!
11:24
And now let me become less sentimental, and say that saving lives --
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ืœื™ืช, ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ืฆืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื -
11:27
which some of the aid we get does on this continent --
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ื• ืขื•ืฉื” -
11:30
when you save the life of anyone, a farmer, a teacher, a mother,
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ื›ืฉืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื—ืงืœืื™, ืžื•ืจื”, ืืžื,
11:33
they are contributing productively into the economy.
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ื”ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”.
11:35
And as an economist, we can also look at that side of the story.
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ื•ื›ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
11:44
These are people who are productive agents in the economy.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
11:46
So if we save people from HIV/AIDS, if we save them from malaria,
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ืื– ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ื™ื“ืก, ืื ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžืžืœืจื™ื”,
11:50
it means they can form the base of production for our economy.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
11:53
And by the same token --
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื˜ื‘ืข -
11:57
as someone said yesterday -- if we don't and they die,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืžืจ ืืชืžื•ืœ - ืื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื•ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืชื•,
11:59
their children will become a burden on the economy.
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
12:01
So even from an economic standpoint,
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ื›ืš ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžื ื•ืงื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
12:05
if we leave the social and the humanitarian,
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ืื ื ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืืจื™ืช,
12:07
we need to save lives now.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
12:10
So that's one of the reasons, from a personal experience, that I say
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ืื– ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช
12:13
let's channel these resources we get into something productive.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชืขืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
12:19
However, I will also tell you that I'm one of those
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ื™ ื’ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื›ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื—ืช
12:23
who doesn't believe that this is the sole answer.
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ืžืืœื• ืฉืœื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”.
12:26
That's why I said the debate has to get more sophisticated.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื.
12:29
You know, we have to use it well.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
12:35
What has happened in Europe?
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ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”?
12:39
Do you all know that Spain -- part of the EU --
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ื”ืื ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืกืคืจื“ - ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ -
12:43
got 10 billion dollars in aid from the rest of the EU?
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ืงื™ื‘ืœื” 10 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืฉืืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“?
12:47
Resources that were transferred to them --
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ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื”ื -
12:51
and were the Spanish ashamed of this? No!
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ื•ื”ืื ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื• ื‘ื›ืš? ืœื!
12:54
The EU transferred 10 billion. Where did they use it?
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ื•ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ 10 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“. ืื™ืคื” ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื–ื”?
12:56
Have you been to southern Spain lately? There are roads everywhere.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืกืคืจื“ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”? ื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
13:01
Infrastructure everywhere.
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ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
13:04
It is on the back of this that the whole of southern Spain
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ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืกืคืจื“
13:06
has developed into a services economy.
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ื”ืชืคืชื— ืœื›ื“ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื.
13:09
Did you know that Ireland got 3 billion dollars in aid?
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ื”ืื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉืื™ืจืœื ื“ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” 3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืกื™ื•ืข?
13:11
Ireland is one of the fastest-growing economies in the European Union today.
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ืื™ืจืœื ื“ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช ืฉืฆืžื™ื—ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื.
13:15
For which many people, even from other parts of the world,
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ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
13:21
are going there to find jobs.
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ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
13:23
What did they do with the 3 billion dollars in aid?
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ืžื” ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืขื 3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ืกื™ื•ืข?
13:26
They used it to build an information superhighway,
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ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืกื˜ืจืื“ืช ืžื™ื“ืข,
13:29
gain infrastructure that
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ืœื”ืงื™ื ืชืฉืชื™ืช
13:33
enables them to participate in the
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง
13:35
information technology revolution,
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ื‘ืžื”ืคื›ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
13:37
and to create jobs in their economy.
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื.
13:40
They didn't say, "No, you know, we're not going to take this."
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ื”ื ืœื ืืžืจื•: "ืœื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื–ื”."
13:42
Today, the European Union is busy transferring aid.
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืกื™ื•ืข.
13:45
My frustration is if they can build infrastructure in Spain --
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ื”ืชืกื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื“ -
13:47
which is roads, highways, other things that they can build --
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ืฉื–ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช -
13:51
I say then, why do they refuse to use the same aid
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืื ื›ืŸ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื ืžืกืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ื•ืข
13:53
to build the same infrastructure in our countries? (Applause)
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•? (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
13:55
When we ask them and tell them what we need,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื,
14:06
one of my worries today is that we have many foundations now.
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ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
14:08
Now we talk about the World Bank, IMF, and accountability, all that
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™, ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืืœื•
14:11
and the EU.
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ื•ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™.
14:13
We also have private citizens now who have a lot of money --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ -
14:18
some of them in this audience, with private foundations.
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ื—ืœืงื ื‘ืงื”ืœ ื”ื–ื”, ืขื ืงืจื ื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.
14:20
And one day, these foundations have so much money,
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ืœืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ,
14:23
they will overtake the official aid that is being given.
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ืฉื”ื ื™ื’ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ืจืฉืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ.
14:26
But I fear -- and I'm very grateful to all of them
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฉืช... ื•ืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืืกื™ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื
14:31
for what they are trying to do on the continent --
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช...
14:33
but I'm also worried. I wake up with a gnawing in my belly
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื’ื ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช. ืื ื™ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืขื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื›ืจืกื ืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ
14:40
because I see a new set of aid entrepreneurs on the continent.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืžืขืจื›ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
14:43
And they're also going from country to country,
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”,
14:47
and many times trying to find what to do.
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ื•ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
14:52
But I'm not really sure that their assistance
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉื”ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื
14:55
is also being channeled in the right way.
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ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืžืชื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”.
14:59
And many of them are not really familiar with the continent.
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ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
15:01
They are just discovering.
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ื”ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช.
15:04
And many times I don't see Africans working with them.
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ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื™ืชื.
15:07
They are just going alone! (Applause)
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ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื“! (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
15:10
And many times I get the impression that they are not really even interested
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ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
15:12
in hearing from Africans who might know.
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ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
15:16
They want to visit us,
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ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืฆืœื ื•,
15:19
see what's happening on the ground and make a decision.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”.
15:21
And now I'm maybe being harsh.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื™ ืงืฆืช ืงืฉื•ื—ื”.
15:23
But I worry because this money is so important.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
15:26
Now, who are they accountable to?
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?
15:31
Are we on their boards when they make decisions
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช
15:33
about where to channel money? Are we there?
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืœืืŸ ืœืชืขืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ? ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื?
15:36
Will we make the same mistake that we made before?
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ื”ืื ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ?
15:39
Have our presidents and our leaders -- everyone is talking about --
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ื”ืื ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• - ื›ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ --
15:41
have they ever called these people together and said,
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ื”ืื ื”ื ืื™ ืคืขื ื›ื™ื ืกื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืืžืจื•,
15:43
"Look, your foundation and your foundation --
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"ืชืจืื•, ื”ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœืš ื•ื”ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœืš -
15:46
you have so much money, we are grateful.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืืกื™ืจื™ ืชื•ื“ื”.
15:48
Let's sit down and really tell you where the money should be channeled
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉื‘ ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื ืืžืจ ืœื›ื ืœืืŸ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืขืœ
15:51
and where this aid should go."
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ื•ืœืืŸ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช."
15:54
Have we done that? The answer is no.
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ื”ืื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื.
15:59
And each one is making their own individual effort.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืืžืฅ ื ืคืจื“.
16:02
And then 10 years from now, billions will again have gone into Africa,
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ื•ืื– 10 ืฉื ื™ื ืžื”ื™ื•ื, ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื™ืœืืจื“ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
16:05
and we would still have the same problems.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
16:09
This is what gives us the hopeless image.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกืจื™-ืชืงื•ื•ื”.
16:12
Our inability to take charge and say to all these people bringing their money,
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื,
16:16
"Sit down."
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"ืฉื‘ื•".
16:18
And we don't do it because there are so many of us. We don't coordinate.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืจื‘ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื.
16:20
We've not called the Bill Gates, and the Soros,
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ืœื ืงืจืื ื• ืœืืœื• ืžื‘ื™ืœ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ืก, ื•ืœืืœื• ืžืกื•ืจื•ืก
16:26
and everybody else who is helping and say,
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืืžืจื ื•,
16:31
"Sit down. Let's have a conference with you.
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"ืฉื‘ื•. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงื™ื™ื ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ืืชื›ื.
16:34
As a continent, here are our priorities.
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ื›ื™ื‘ืฉืช, ืืœื• ื”ื ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
16:37
Here is where we want you to channel this money."
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ืœื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืชืชืขืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื–ื”."
16:41
Each one should not be an entrepreneur
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ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื–ื
16:43
going out and finding what is best.
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ืฉื™ืฆื ื•ื™ื—ืคืฉ ืžื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
16:46
We're not trying to stop them at all! But to help them help us better.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื! ืืœื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
16:50
And what is disappointing me is that we are not doing this.
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžืื›ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ ื–ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
16:53
Ten years from now we will have the same story,
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ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ,
16:55
and we will be repeating the same things.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
17:00
So our problem right now is, how can we leverage
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ืื– ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื, ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ืฃ
17:05
all this good will that is coming towards our way?
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ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื•?
17:11
How can we get government to combine properly
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”
17:15
with these private foundations, with the international organizations,
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ืขื ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•, ืขื ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื,
17:18
and with our private sector.
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ื•ืขื ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
17:21
I firmly believe in that private sector thing too.
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ื’ื ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
17:25
But it cannot do it alone.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ื“.
17:27
So there might be a few ideas we could think of that could work.
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ืื– ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื›ืžื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
17:30
They said this is about proliferating and sharing ideas.
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ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืœื™ืคืจืฆื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
17:33
So why don't we think of using some of this aid?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื–ื”?
17:38
Well, why don't we first say to those helping us out,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืœืืœื• ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื•,
17:41
"Don't be shy about infrastructure.
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"ืืœ ืชื™ื–ื”ืจื• ืžื“ื™ ืžื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื– ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช.
17:43
That health that you're working on cannot be sustainable without infrastructure.
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ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื”, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื ืœืœื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช
17:50
That education will work better
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ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:55
if we've got electricity and railroads, and so on.
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ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืžืกื™ืœื•ืช ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื•ื›ืš ื”ืœืื”.
17:58
That agriculture will work better if there are railroads to get the goods to market.
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ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืกื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืง.
18:01
Don't be shy of it.
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ืืœ ืชืžื ืขื• ืžื–ื”.
18:06
Invest some of your resources in that, too."
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ืชืฉืงื™ืขื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื."
18:09
And then we can see that this is one combination
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ื•ืื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื–ืืช ืฆื•ืจื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘
18:14
of private, international, multilateral money,
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ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ ืคืจื˜ื™, ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™, ืจื‘-ืฆื“ื“ื™,
18:18
private sector and the African that we can put together as a partnership,
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ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ื›ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช,
18:21
so that aid can be a facilitator.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืขื–ืจ.
18:26
That is all aid can be.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืกื™ื•ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
18:29
Aid cannot solve our problems, I'm firmly convinced about that.
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ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขืช ื‘ื›ืš ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
18:31
But it can be catalytic. And if we fail to use it as catalytic,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ื–ืจื–. ื•ืื ืœื ื ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื–ืจื–,
18:35
we would have failed.
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ืื–ื™ ื ื›ืฉืœื ื•.
18:40
One of the reasons why China is a bit popular with Africans now --
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ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœืŸ ืกื™ืŸ ืชื•ืคืกืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” -
18:43
one of the reasons is not only just that, you know, these people are stupid
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ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื ืกืชื ืจืง ื›ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ื
18:48
and China is coming to take resources.
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ื•ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืื” ืœืงื—ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื.
18:51
It's because there's a little more leverage in terms of the Chinese.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ืŸ.
18:57
If you tell them, "We need a road here,"
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ืื ืชื’ื™ื“ ืœื”ื, "ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ,"
19:02
they will help you build it.
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ื”ื ื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.
19:04
They don't shy away from infrastructure.
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ื”ื ืœื ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื ืžืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช.
19:05
In fact, the Chinese minister of finance said to me,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ืืžืจ ืœื™,
19:07
when I asked him what are we doing wrong in Nigeria.
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ื›ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”.
19:09
He said, "There are two things you need only.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
19:12
Infrastructure, infrastructure, infrastructure and discipline.
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ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขืช.
19:15
You are undisciplined." (Applause)
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ืืชื ืœื ืžืžื•ืฉืžืขื™ื." (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
19:24
And I repeat it for the continent.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืขืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
19:28
It's the same. We need infrastructure, infrastructure and discipline.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื•ืžืฉืžืขืช.
19:29
So we can make a catalytic to help us provide some of that.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื–ืจื– ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
19:32
Now I realize -- I'm not saying -- health and education --
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™...ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ืžืจืช...ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
19:36
no, you can also provide that as well.
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ืœื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืคืง ื’ื ืืช ืืœื•.
19:39
But I'm saying it's not either or.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื–ื” ืื• ื–ื”.
19:42
Let's see how aid can be a facilitator in partnership.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” ืื™ืš ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช.
19:44
One idea.
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“.
19:47
Second thing, for the private sector,
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™,
19:50
people are afraid to take risks on the continent.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
19:54
Why can't some of this aid be used as a kind of guarantee mechanisms,
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืฉืžืฉ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื•ืŸ,
19:56
to enable people to take risk?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื?
20:00
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
20:01
And finally, because they are both standing at my -- I'm out of time.
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ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื™ ืคื”...ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
20:07
Am I out of time?
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ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ?
20:10
OK, so let me not forget my punchline.
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ืื•.ืงื™ื™., ืื– ืชืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืฅ ืฉืœื™.
20:13
One of the things I want everybody to collaborate on is
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชืคื• ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื
20:16
to support women, to create jobs. (Applause)
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ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
20:25
A lot has been said here about women, I don't need to repeat it.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš.
20:27
But there are people -- women -- creating jobs.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื - ื ืฉื™ื - ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
20:30
And we know, studies have shown
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื”ืจืื• ืืช ื–ื”
20:32
that when you put resources in the hand of the woman --
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ืฉื›ืฉืฉืžื™ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื -
20:35
in fact, there's an econometric study,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™,
20:37
the World Bank Review, done in 2000, showing that
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ื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™, ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘- 2000, ืฉืžืจืื”
20:40
transfers into the hands of women result
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ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื
20:43
in healthier children, more for the household, more for the economy and all that.
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ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
20:48
So I'm saying that one of the takeaways from here --
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืžืคื” -
20:51
I'm not saying the men are not important --
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื...
20:52
obviously, if you leave the husbands out, what will they do?
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืื ื ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชืžื•ื ื”, ืžื” ื”ื ื™ืขืฉื•?
20:55
They'll come back home and get disgruntled,
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ื”ื ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœื™ื,
20:57
and it will result in difficulties we don't want.
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ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
21:01
We don't want men beating their wives
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื• ืืช ื ืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื
21:03
because they don't have a job, and so on.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื•'.
21:06
But at the margin, we also -- I want to push this,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื - ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื–ื”,
21:09
because the reason is the men automatically --
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ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช
21:13
they get -- not automatically, but they tend to get more support.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื - ืœื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชืžื™ื›ื”.
21:18
But I want you to realize that resources
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืืชื ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืžืฉืื‘ื™ื
21:21
in the hands of African women is a powerful tool.
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ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ืจื‘ ืขื•ืฆืžื”.
21:25
There are people creating jobs.
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ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
21:29
Beatrice Gakuba has created 200 jobs from her flower business in Rwanda.
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ื‘ื™ืื˜ืจื™ืก ื’ืืงื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฆืจื” 200 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืขืกืง ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”.
21:31
We have Ibukun Awosika in Nigeria, with the chair company.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช Ibukun Awosika ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื›ื™ืกืื•ืช.
21:36
She wants to expand.
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ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘.
21:38
She needs another 20 million.
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ื”ื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืขื•ื“ 20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ.
21:40
She will create another 100, 200 more jobs.
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ื”ื™ื ืชื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ 100, 200 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
21:44
So take away from here is how are you going to put together
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืงื—ื• ืžืคื” ื–ื” ืื™ืš ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘
21:48
the resources to put money in the hands of women in the middle
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ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื
21:50
who are ready --
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ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช
21:54
business people who want to expand and create more jobs.
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ื ืฉื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”.
21:57
And lastly, what are you going to do
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ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืžื” ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
22:02
to be part of this partnership of aid, government, private sector
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข, ืžืžืฉืœ, ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™
22:07
and the African as an individual?
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ื•ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ื›ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœ?
22:10
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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