George Ayittey: Cheetahs vs. Hippos for Africa's future

89,034 views ใƒป 2007-08-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ariella Cwikel ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:31
Well, first of all, let me thank Emeka -- as a matter of fact,
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืืžืงื”- ื‘ืขืฆื-
00:36
TED Global -- for putting this conference together.
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ืœ TED Global- ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืคื™ืงื• ืืช ื”ื›ื ืก ื”ื–ื”.
00:41
This conference is going to rank as the most important
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ื”ื›ื ืก ื”ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืจื’ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:47
in the beginning of the 21st century.
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืื” ื”-21.
00:50
Think African governments will put together a conference like this?
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ืžื• ื›ื ืก ื›ื–ื”?
00:53
You think the A.U. will put together a conference like this?
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื›ื ืก ื›ื–ื”?
00:57
Even before they do that they will ask for foreign aid.
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ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื ื™ื‘ืงืฉื• ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
01:01
I would also like to pay homage and honor to the TED Fellows
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ืงื™ืจ ื•ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ TED-
01:10
June Arunga, James Shikwati, Andrew, and the other TED Fellows.
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ื’'ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ื ื’'ื”, ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ืฉื™ืงื•ื•ืื˜ื™, ืื ื“ืจื•, ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ TED ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
01:18
I call them the Cheetah Generation.
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ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื”ื ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช.
01:22
The Cheetah Generation is a new breed of Africans
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื–ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื
01:25
who brook no nonsense about corruption.
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ืฉืœื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื˜ื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
01:28
They understand what accountability and democracy is.
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ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืžื”ื™ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
01:33
They're not going to wait for government to do things for them.
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ื”ื ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืชืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื.
01:37
That's the Cheetah Generation,
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ื–ื”ื• ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช.
01:39
and Africa's salvation rests on the backs of these Cheetahs.
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ื•ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื ื— ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
01:44
In contrast, of course, we have the Hippo Generation.
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ืœืฉื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืคื•ื˜ืžื™ื.
01:47
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:50
The Hippo Generation are the ruling elites.
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืคื•ื˜ืžื™ื ื”ื ื”ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ื•ืช.
01:53
They are stuck in their intellectual patch.
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ื”ื ืชืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืฆืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
01:57
Complaining about colonialism and imperialism,
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ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื•ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื-
02:01
they wouldn't move one foot.
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ื”ื ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื–ื•ื– ืžื˜ืจ.
02:03
If you ask them to reform the economies,
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ืื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื”ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช,
02:06
they're not going to reform it
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื,
02:08
because they benefit from the rotten status quo.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืžื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ืงื•ื• ื”ืจืงื•ื‘.
02:11
Now, there are a lot of Africans who are very angry,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืขืกื™ื ืžืื“,
02:13
angry at the condition of Africa.
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ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
02:18
Now, we're talking about a continent that is not poor.
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคื” ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื”.
02:22
It is rich in mineral resources, natural mineral resources.
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ื”ื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื.
02:27
But the mineral wealth of Africa is not being utilized
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืžืฉ
02:31
to lift its people out of poverty.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื ื™.
02:34
That's what makes a lot of Africans very angry.
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ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืขืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
02:38
And in a way, Africa is more than a tragedy, in more ways than one.
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื“.
02:44
There's another enduring tragedy, and that tragedy is that
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ื™ืฉื ื” ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื•ื”ื™ื
02:48
there are so many people, so many governments,
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ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ื, ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช,
02:51
so many organizations who want to help the people in Africa.
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ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
02:55
They don't understand.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
02:59
Now, we're not saying don't help Africa.
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ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืืœ ืชืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืืคืจื™ืงื”".
03:01
Helping Africa is noble.
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ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืืคืจื™ืงื” ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฆื™ืœื™.
03:04
But helping Africa has been turned into a theater of the absurd.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœืชืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“.
03:10
It's like the blind leading the clueless.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื“ื ืกืชื•ื.
03:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:17
There are certain things that we need to recognize.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื.
03:21
Africa's begging-bowl leaks.
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ืงืขืจืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื“ื•ืœืคืช.
03:25
Did you know that 40 percent of the wealth created in Africa
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ื™ื“ืขืชื, ื›ื™ 40% ืžื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
03:28
is not invested here in Africa?
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ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฉืงืข ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”?
03:30
It's taken out of Africa.
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ืืœื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื›ืืŸ.
03:32
That's what the World Bank says.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
03:36
Look at Africa's begging-bowl.
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ืชืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ืงืขืจืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
03:39
It leaks horribly.
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ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืœืคืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื™ื•ืžื”.
03:42
There are people who think that we should pour more money,
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ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉืคื•ืš ื›ืกืฃ ื ื•ืกืฃ,
03:45
more aid into this bowl which leaks.
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ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืงืขืจื” ื”ื“ื•ืœืคืช ื”ื–ื•.
03:50
What are the leakages?
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ืžื” ื”ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืœื™ืคื”?
03:53
Corruption alone costs Africa 148 billion dollars a year.
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ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืœืืคืจื™ืงื” 148 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”.
04:00
Yes, put that aside.
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ื›ืŸ, ืฉื™ืžื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื“.
04:03
Capital flight out of Africa, 80 billion a year.
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ื‘ืจื™ื—ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”, 80 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ืฉื ื”.
04:08
Put that aside.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื“.
04:11
Let's take food imports.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื™ืงื— ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
04:13
Every year Africa spends 20 billion dollars to import food.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”, ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžืฉืงื™ืขื” 20 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
04:20
Just add that up, all these leakages.
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ืจืง ืชื•ืกื™ืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
04:23
That's far more than the 50 billion Tony Blair wants to raise for Africa.
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”-50 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉื˜ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ืจ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
04:28
Now, back in the 1960s Africa not only fed itself,
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ืื–, ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”60, ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืœื ืจืง ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื”,
04:31
it also exported food.
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ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื™ื™ืฆืื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
04:33
Not anymore.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื.
04:36
We know that something has gone fundamentally wrong.
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ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ ื ื•ืจื.
04:40
You know it, I know it, but let's not waste our time
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื–ืืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื–ืžืŸ, ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื•
04:43
talking about these mistakes because we'll spend all day here.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื’ื–ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
04:48
Let's move on, and flip over to the next chapter,
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœืื”, ื ื“ืคื“ืฃ ืœืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื,
04:54
and that's what this conference is all about -- the next chapter.
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ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื ืก ื”ื–ื” -- ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื.
04:58
The next chapter begins with first of all, asking ourselves
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ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื‘ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” -- ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช
05:03
this fundamental question,
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ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•,
05:05
"Whom do we want to help in Africa?"
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"ืœืžื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”?"
05:10
There is the people, and then there is the government or leaders.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
05:16
Now, the previous speaker before me,
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ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคื” ืœืคื ื™,
05:23
Idris Mohammed, indicated that
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ืื™ื“ืจื™ืก ืžื•ื—ืžื“, ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™
05:28
we've had abysmal leadership in Africa.
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ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืขื’ื•ืžื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
05:33
That characterization, in my view, is even more charitable.
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ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืจื–ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื.
05:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:42
I belong to an Internet discussion forum,
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ืื ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ืช
05:45
an African Internet discussion forum,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช,
05:49
and I asked them, I said, "Since 1960, we've had exactly
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ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื, "ืžืื– 1960, ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
05:55
204 African heads of state, since 1960."
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204 ืจืืฉื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื".
05:59
And I asked them to name me just 20 good leaders,
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื”ื ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื ืฉืœ 20 ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
06:03
just 20 good leaders --
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ืจืง 20 ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื -- ืื•ืœื™
06:06
you may want to take this leadership challenge yourself.
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ืชืจืฆื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื.
06:11
I asked them to name me just 20.
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืฉื™ืžื ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ืจืง 20.
06:14
Everybody mentioned Nelson Mandela, of course.
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ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื”, ื›ืฆืคื•ื™.
06:17
Kwame Nkrumah, Nyerere, Kenyatta -- somebody mentioned Idi Amin.
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ืงื•ื•ืืžื” ื ืงืจื•ืžื”, ื ื™ื™ืจืจื”, ืงื ื™ืื˜ื” -- ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืื™ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืŸ.
06:24
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:27
I let that pass.
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ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”.
06:29
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:32
My point is, they couldn't go beyond 15.
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ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืžื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-15.
06:38
Even if they had been able to name me 20,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืžื ื•ืช 20 ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™,
06:41
what does that tell you?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื?
06:43
20 out of 204 means that the vast majority
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20 ืžืชื•ื 204 ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื•ื‘, ื”ืจื•ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜
06:50
of the African leaders failed their people.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื, ืื›ื–ื‘ื• ืืช ืขืžื.
06:55
And if you look at them, the slate of the post-colonial leaders --
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ื•ืื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืคื•ืกื˜-ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื
07:01
an assortment of military fufu heads,
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ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื’ื ืจืœื™ื ืขื ืจืืฉ-ื›ืจื•ื‘.
07:05
Swiss-bank socialists, crocodile liberators, vampire elites,
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ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื™ื, ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ ืชื ื™ื ื™ื, ืขืจืคื“ื™-ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช,
07:10
quack revolutionaries.
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ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืจื•ืฉ.
07:11
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:15
Now, this leadership is a far cry from the traditional leaders
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ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืขื“ ืžืื“ ืžื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช
07:19
that Africans have known for centuries.
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ืฉืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืžืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื.
07:22
The second false premise that we make
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ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
07:25
when we're trying to help Africa
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืืคืจื™ืงื”,
07:26
is that sometimes we think that there is something called
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืงืจื
07:32
a government in Africa that cares about its people,
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ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื“ื•ืื’ืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”,
07:38
serves the interests of the people, and represents the people.
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ืฉืžืฉืจืชืช ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื”, ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืื•ืชื.
07:44
There is one particular quote -- a Lesotho chief once said
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ -- ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืœืกื•ื˜ื• ืคืขื ืืžืจ
07:49
that "Here in Lesotho, we've got two problems:
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ื›ื™ " ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืœืกื•ื˜ื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช-
07:51
rats and the government."
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ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”".
07:54
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:58
What you and I understand as a government
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ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื” ืืชื ื•ืื ื™ ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืžืžืฉืœื”
08:01
doesn't exist in many African countries.
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ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
08:04
In fact, what we call our governments are vampire states.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื• ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืขืจืคื“ื™ื.
08:09
Vampires because they suck
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ืขืจืคื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืฆืฆื™ื
08:12
the economic vitality out of their people.
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ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื”ื.
08:15
Government is the problem in Africa.
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ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
08:19
A vampire state is the government --
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ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืขืจืคื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” --
08:22
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:23
-- which has been hijacked by a phalanx of bandits and crooks
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-- ืืฉืจ ื ื—ื˜ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืœื ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื
08:27
who use the instruments of state power to enrich themselves,
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ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื,
08:30
their cronies, and tribesmen and exclude everybody else.
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ื•ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ืฉืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื”ื, ืื ืฉื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ื, ื•ืžื“ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ.
08:35
The richest people in Africa are heads-of-state and ministers,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื”ื ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ื,
08:39
and quite often the chief bandit is the head-of-state himself.
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ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื•ื“ื“ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
08:45
Where do they get their money?
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ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื?
08:47
By creating wealth?
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืžื•ืŸ?
08:49
No.
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ืœื.
08:50
By raking it off the backs of their suffering people.
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื’ื•ืจืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื.
08:54
That's not wealth creation. It's wealth redistribution.
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืžื•ืŸ- ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ.
09:00
The third fundamental issue that we have to recognize
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ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื•
09:05
is that if we want to help the African people,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
09:10
we must know where the African people are.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื”ืขื ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™.
09:13
Take any African economy.
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ืงื—ื• ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
09:16
An African economy can be broken up into three sectors.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืœืง ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื.
09:19
There is the modern sector, there is the informal sector
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™
09:25
and the traditional sector.
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ื•ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
09:29
The modern sector is the abode of the elites.
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื™ืช ืœืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช.
09:32
It's the seat of government.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
09:35
In many African countries the modern sector is lost.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืื‘ื•ื“.
09:39
It's dysfunctional.
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ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืคืงื“.
09:41
It is a meretricious fandango of imported systems,
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ื”ื•ื ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืกื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื•ืขืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื•ืช,
09:45
which the elites themselves don't understand.
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ืฉื”ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืื™ื ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
09:49
That is the source of many of Africa's problems
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”
09:53
where the struggles for political power emanate
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ืžื”ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช
09:57
and then spill over onto the informal and the traditional sector,
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ืฉื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืœืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
10:02
claiming innocent lives.
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ื•ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ืคื™ื ืžืคืฉืข.
10:06
Now the modern sector, of course,
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ
10:08
is where a lot of the development aid and resources went into.
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ื”ืžืงื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—.
10:14
More than 80 percent of Ivory Coast's development
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-80% ืžื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื”ื‘
10:17
went into the modern sector.
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™.
10:19
The other sectors, the informal and the traditional sectors,
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™,
10:25
are where you find the majority of the African people,
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ื”ื ืื™ืคื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื.
10:29
the real people in Africa. That's where you find them.
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” -- ืฉื ืชืžืฆืื• ืื•ืชื.
10:32
Now, obviously it makes common sense
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช,
10:34
that if you want to help the people, you go where the people are.
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ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื›ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื.
10:37
But that's not what we did.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฉื™ื ื•.
10:39
As a matter of fact,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”,
10:41
we neglected the informal and the traditional sectors.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื–ื ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:48
Now, traditional sector is where Africa produces its agriculture,
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืฉืœื”,
10:52
which is one of the reasons why Africa can't feed itself,
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ื•ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื”,
10:55
and that's why it must import food.
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ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ื™ื‘ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
10:59
All right, you cannot develop Africa by ignoring
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช
11:03
the informal and the traditional sectors.
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ืžื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
11:07
And you can't develop the informal and the traditional sectors
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ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
11:13
without an operational understanding of how these two sectors work.
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ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืคื•ืขืœื™ื.
11:19
These two sectors, let me describe to you,
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืื ื™ ืืชืืจ ืœื›ื,
11:21
have their own indigenous institutions.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืžืฉืœื”ื.
11:24
First one is the political system.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช.
11:28
Traditionally, Africans hate governments. They hate tyranny.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช, ื”ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืขืจื™ืฆื•ืช.
11:32
If you look into their traditional systems,
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ืื ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
11:35
Africans organize their states in two types.
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ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื.
11:39
The first one belongs to those ethnic societies
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืชื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
11:44
who believe that the state was necessarily tyrannous,
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ืฉืžืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืขืจื™ืฆื•ืช,
11:48
so they didn't want to have anything to do
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ืื– ื”ื ืœื ืจืฆื• ืฉื•ื ืงืฉืจ
11:51
with any centralized authority.
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ืขื ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ืช.
11:56
These societies are the Ibo, the Somali, the Kikuyus,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืื™ื‘ื•, ืกื•ืžืœื™, ืงื™ืงื•ื™ื•,
11:59
for example. They have no chiefs.
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” -- ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืจืืฉื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื.
12:02
The other ethnic groups, which did have chiefs,
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ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืืชื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืฉืœื”ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืจืืฉื™ ืฉื‘ื˜,
12:06
made sure that they surrounded the chiefs
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ื“ืื’ื• ืœื”ืงื™ืฃ ืืช ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜
12:10
with councils upon councils upon councils
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ืขื ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ ืจื‘ื•ืช,
12:13
to prevent them from abusing their power.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื ืฆืœ ืœืจืขื” ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื.
12:18
In Ashanti tradition, for example,
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ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืฉื ื˜ื™ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ,
12:21
the chief cannot make any decision
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ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”
12:23
without the concurrence of the council of elders.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื›ืžืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื–ืงื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜.
12:26
Without the council the chief can't pass any law,
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ืœืœื ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืงืง ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง,
12:29
and if the chief doesn't govern according to the will of the people
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ื•ืื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชื•ืื ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืžื•
12:32
he will be removed.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื—ืœืฃ.
12:34
If not, the people will abandon the chief,
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ืื ืœื, ื”ืขื ื™ื ื˜ื•ืฉ ืืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜,
12:38
go somewhere else and set up a new settlement.
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ื™ืœื›ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื•ื™ืงื™ืžื• ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื—ื“ืฉ.
12:40
And even if you look in ancient African empires,
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ื’ื ืื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช,
12:44
they were all organized around one particular principle --
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ื”ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื ืื•ืจื’ื ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื --
12:49
the confederacy principle,
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ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื ืคื“ืจืฆื™ื”, ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช,
12:51
which is characterized by a great deal of devolution of authority,
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ืฉืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืืฆืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช,
12:55
decentralization of power.
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ื‘ื™ื–ื•ืจ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช.
12:58
Now, this is what I have described to you.
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ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืืจืชื™ ืœื›ื,
13:00
This is part of Africa's indigenous political heritage.
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ื–ื”ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
13:04
Now, compare that to the modern systems
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ืชืฉื•ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช
13:06
the ruling elites established on Africa.
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ืฉืžื™ืกื“ื• ื”ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
13:10
It is a total far cry.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
13:13
In the economic system in traditional Africa,
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช,
13:18
the means of production is privately owned.
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ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืจื˜.
13:21
It's owned by extended families.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช.
13:24
You see, in the West, the basic economic and social unit
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ืชื‘ื™ื ื•, ื‘ืžืขืจื‘, ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช
13:27
is the individual.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜.
13:29
The American will say, "I am because I am,
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ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื™ืืžืจ "ืื ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืงื™ื™ื,
13:32
and I can damn well do anything I want, anytime."
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ืœื™, ื•ืžืชื™ ืฉื‘ื ืœื™, ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ".
13:34
The accent is on the "I."
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ื”ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”"ืื ื™".
13:37
In Africa, the Africans say, "I am, because we are."
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ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืื ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื."
13:41
The "we" connotes community -- the extended family system.
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ื”"ืื ื—ื ื•" ืžืจืžื– ืขืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื” -- ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช.
13:45
The extended family system pools its resources together.
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ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืžืื’ืžืช ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”.
13:48
They own farms. They decide what to do, what to produce.
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ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ืช. ื”ืŸ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืžื” ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ.
13:52
They don't take any orders from their chiefs.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ --
13:55
They decide what to do.
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ื”ืŸ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
13:57
And when they produce their crops, they sell the surplus
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช, ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื
14:01
on marketplaces.
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ื‘ืฉื•ืง.
14:03
When they make a profit it is theirs to keep,
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ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
14:05
not for the chief to sequester it from them.
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ืœื ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืžืคืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ื•ืœื•ืงื— ืœืขืฆืžื•.
14:08
So, in a nutshell, what we had in traditional Africa
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ืขืœ ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืœื’, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช
14:12
was a free-market system.
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ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™.
14:14
There were markets in Africa
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ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”
14:16
before the colonialists stepped foot on the continent.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืฃ ืจื’ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ืื“ืžืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
14:18
Timbuktu was one great big market town.
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ื˜ื™ืžื‘ืงื˜ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื™ืจ ืฉื•ืง ืื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
14:20
Kano, Salaga -- they were all there.
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ืงื ื•, ืกืœื’ื” -- ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื.
14:22
Even if you go to West Africa, you notice that market activity
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืชืœื›ื• ืœืžืขืจื‘ ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ืชื‘ื—ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง
14:26
in West Africa has always been dominated by women.
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ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื ืฉืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื.
14:29
So, it's quite appropriate that this section is called
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ื›ืš ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ื™ืงืจื
14:32
a marketplace.
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ืฉื•ืง.
14:33
The market is not alien to Africa.
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ื”ืฉื•ืง ืื™ื ื• ื–ืจ ืœืืคืจื™ืงื”.
14:36
What Africans practiced was a different form of capitalism,
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ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื• ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื,
14:40
but then after independence, all of a sudden,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช,
14:43
markets, capitalism became a western institution,
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ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื, ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ื”ืคืš ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืžืขืจื‘ื™,
14:47
and the leaders said Africans were ready for socialism.
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ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ื.
14:52
Nonsense.
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ืฉื˜ื•ื™ื•ืช.
14:54
And even then, what kind of socialism did they practice?
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื–, ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื•?
14:57
The socialism that they practiced was a peculiar form of
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ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ื’ ืžืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ
15:00
Swiss-bank socialism,
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ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื‘ื ืง-ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ืฆืจื™,
15:02
which allowed the heads of states and the ministers
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ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืจื™ื
15:05
to rape and plunder Africa's
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ืœืื ื•ืก ื•ืœื‘ื–ื•ื– ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื,
15:08
treasuries for deposit in Switzerland.
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ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืงื“ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื”.
15:10
That is not the kind of system Africans had known for centuries.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื.
15:14
What do we do now?
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ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•?
15:15
Go back to Africa's indigenous institutions,
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ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
15:18
and this is where we charge the Cheetahs to go into the informal sectors,
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ื™ื,
15:23
the traditional sectors.
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื --
15:24
That's where you find the African people.
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ื›ืืŸ ืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
15:26
And I'd like to show you a quick little video
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจ
15:29
about the informal sector, about the boat-building
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ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™, ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ืจื•ืช
15:32
that I, myself, tried to mobilize Africans in the Diaspora
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ืฉืื ื™, ืขืฆืžื™, ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช
15:37
to invest in.
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ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”.
15:38
Could you please show that?
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ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”?
16:08
The men are going fishing in these small boats.
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื“ื•ื’ ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
16:11
Yes, it's an enterprise.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื™ื•ื–ืžื”.
16:13
This is by a local Ghanaian entrepreneur, using his own capital.
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ืฉืœ ื™ื–ื ื’ื™ื ืื™, ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื•.
16:18
He's getting no assistance from the government,
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ืกื™ื•ืข ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื”,
16:20
and he's building a second, bigger boat.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ืกื™ืจื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
16:23
A bigger boat will mean more fish will be caught and landed.
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ืกื™ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืคืกื• ื•ื™ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ื—ื›ื”.
16:28
It means that he will be able to employ more Ghanaians.
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ื’ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
16:31
It also means that he will be able to generate wealth.
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื•ืŸ.
16:35
And then it will have what economists call
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ื•ืื– ืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ, ืžื” ืฉื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื
16:39
external effects on a local economy.
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ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
16:42
All that you need to do, all that the elites need to do,
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
16:45
is to move this operation into something that is enclosed
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืืช ื”ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื–ื” ืœืชื•ืš ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืงื™ืฃ
16:48
so that the operation can be made more efficient.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืื•ืชื•.
16:51
Now, it is not just this informal sector.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™-
16:54
There is also traditional medicine.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช.
16:58
80 percent of Africans still rely on traditional medicine.
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80% ืžืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชื‘ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช.
17:01
The modern healthcare sector has totally collapsed.
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืงืจืกื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
17:05
Now, this is an area -- I mean, there is a treasure trove of wealth
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ื•ื–ื” ืชื—ื•ื- ื™ืฉ ืคื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืœื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืŸ
17:12
in the traditional medicine area.
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ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช.
17:14
This is where we need to mobilize Africans,
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื,
17:17
in the Diaspora especially, to invest in this.
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ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืงื™ืขื• ื‘ื–ื”.
17:20
We also need to mobilize Africans in the Diaspora,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช,
17:23
not only to go into the traditional sectors,
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ืœื ืจืง ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื,
17:26
but to go into agriculture and also to instigate change from within.
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ืืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื“ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื.
17:32
We were able to mobilize Ghanaians in the Diaspora
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ื ื™ืข ื’ื™ื ืื™ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช
17:36
to instigate change in Ghana and bring about democracy in Ghana.
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ืœืงื“ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื’ืื ื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
17:41
And I know that with the Cheetahs, we can take Africa back
277
1061000
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื•ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ืืคืจื™ืงื”
17:46
one village at a time.
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ื›ืคืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืคืจ.
17:48
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
17:49
(Applause)
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8000
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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