What are you willing to give up to change the way we work? | Martin Danoesastro

140,776 views ใƒป 2019-01-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Roni Weisman ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Have you ever watched a flock of birds work together?
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ืจืื™ืชื ืคืขื ืœื”ืงืช ืฆืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืคื•ืช ื™ื—ื“?
00:18
Thousands of animals, flying in perfect synchrony:
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ืืœืคื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืขืคื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœื.
00:24
Isn't it fascinating?
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ื”ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื?
00:27
What I find remarkable is that these birds would not be able to do that
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ืžื” ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
00:32
if they all would have to follow one leader.
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ืื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืื—ื“.
ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžื“ื™.
00:36
Their reaction speed would simply be too low.
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00:40
Instead, scientists believe that these birds are aligned on
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช
00:44
a few simple rules,
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ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื,
00:47
allowing every single bird to make autonomous decisions
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืฆืคื•ืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ื•ืช
00:52
while still flying in perfect synchrony.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ืฃ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœื.
00:55
Their alignment enables their autonomy,
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ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
00:59
and their autonomy makes them fast and flexible.
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ื•ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช.
01:04
Now, what does this have to do with any one of us?
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ืื– ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื•?
01:09
Well, it's one way of illustrating what I believe to be the most important change
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:15
that is needed in ways of working today.
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ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
01:19
The world is getting faster and more complex,
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ืคืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘,
01:22
so we need a new way of working,
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”,
01:24
a way that creates alignment around purpose,
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ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชื™ืื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื˜ืจื”,
01:28
that takes out bureaucracy
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ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”
01:30
and that truly empowers people to make decisions faster.
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ื•ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžืขืฆื™ืžื” ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:35
But the question is:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื,
01:37
In order to get there,
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื,
01:40
what are we willing to give up?
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ?
01:44
A few years ago, I was working with a bank
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ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื‘ื ืง
01:47
that wanted to embark on a digital transformation.
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ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืžื”ืคื™ื›ื” ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
01:50
They wanted their offering to be simpler, more intuitive, more relevant.
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ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืฉื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื, ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื, ื•ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:55
Now, I'm not sure how many of you have seen a bank from the inside,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ืจืื• ืื™ืš ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ืง ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื,
02:01
so let me try to illustrate what many traditional banks look like.
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ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืจืื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.
02:05
You see lots of people in suits
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ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช,
02:08
taking elevators to go to their department,
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ืฉื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžืขืœื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœื”ื,
02:12
marketers sitting with marketers, engineers with engineers, etc.
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ืื ืฉื™ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืขื ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
02:17
You see meetings with 20 people
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช 20 ืื ืฉื™ื
02:19
where nothing gets decided.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื“ื‘ืจ.
02:22
Great ideas? They end up in PowerPoint parking lots.
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ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื? ื”ื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืžืงื™ ืคืื•ื•ืจ-ืคื•ื™ื ื˜.
02:26
And there are endless handovers between departments.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื™ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืžื—ืœืงื” ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช.
02:31
Getting anything done can take forever.
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ื”ืฉืœืžืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงื—ืช ื ืฆื—.
02:35
So this bank knew that in order to transform,
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ื” ื™ื“ืข ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื”,
02:39
they would have to improve their time to market
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ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
02:42
by drastically changing their ways of working as well.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
02:46
But how?
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“?
02:49
To get some inspiration, we decided to go and have a look at companies
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื”ืฉืจืื”, ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
02:52
that seem to be more innovative,
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ืฉื ืจืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื•ืช,
02:54
like Google, Netflix, Spotify, Zappos.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื’ืœ, ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก, ืกืคื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™, ื–ืืคื•ืก.
02:59
And I remember how we were walking the halls at one of these companies
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืชื”ืœื›ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
03:02
in December 2014,
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ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2014,
03:04
a management consultant and a team of bankers.
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ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ ื•ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงืื™ื.
03:08
We felt like strangers in a strange land,
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ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ื›ืžื• ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื–ืจื”,
03:10
surrounded by beanbags and hoodies
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ืžื•ืงืคื™ื ื‘ืคึผื•ึผืคื™ื ื•ืงืคื•ืฆ'ื•ื ื™ื
03:13
and lots of smart, creative employees.
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ื•ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
03:16
So then we asked, "How is your company organized?"
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ื•ืื– ืฉืืœื ื•: "ืื™ืš ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื?"
03:19
And we expected to get an org chart.
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ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจืฉื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™.
03:22
But instead, they used strange drawings
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ืžื™ื ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื
03:25
with funny names like "squads" and "chapters" and "tribes"
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ืขื ืฉืžื•ืช ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• "ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช" ื•"ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช" ื•"ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื"
03:29
to explain how they were organized.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื.
03:31
So then we tried to translate that to our own world.
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ืื– ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœืชืจื’ื ื–ืืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื•.
03:35
We asked, "How many people are working for you?"
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ืฉืืœื ื•: "ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื?"
03:39
"It depends."
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"ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™."
03:41
"Who do you report to?"
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"ืœืžื™ ืืชื ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื?"
03:43
"It depends."
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"ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™."
03:45
"Who decides on your priorities?"
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"ืžื™ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื?"
03:48
"It depends."
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"ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™."
03:50
You can imagine our surprise.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืขืจ ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:52
We were asking for what we thought were some of the basic principles
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืืœื ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืžื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื
03:55
of organizations,
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ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื,
03:57
and their answer was, "It depends."
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ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ืชื”: "ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™."
04:01
Now, over the course of that day,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ื•ื
04:03
we gained a better understanding of their model.
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ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”ื.
04:05
They believed in the power of small, autonomous teams.
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ื”ื ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื™ื.
04:09
Their teams were like mini-start-ups.
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ึตื–ื ืง ืงื˜ื ื•ืช.
04:11
They had product people and IT engineers in the same team
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืื ืฉื™ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืื•ืชื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื
04:15
so they could design, build and test ideas with customers
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ืžื” ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ, ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช
04:18
independently of others in the company.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”.
04:21
They did not need handovers between departments.
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช.
04:24
They had all the skills needed right there in the team.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช.
04:29
Now, at the end of that day, we had a session
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
04:31
to reflect on what we had learned.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ื ื•.
04:34
And we had started to like their model,
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”ื,
04:36
so we were already thinking of how to apply some of these ideas to a bank.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžืžืฉ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ื ืง.
04:42
But then, one of the hosts, a guy who had not said a word all day,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืœื” ืžืคื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื,
04:46
he suddenly said,
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ืืžืจ ืœืคืชืข:
04:48
"So I see you like our model.
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"ืื– ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉืืชื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื ื•.
04:50
But I have one question for you:
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืืœื” ืื—ืช ืืœื™ื›ื:
04:52
What are you willing to give up?"
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ?"
04:56
What were we willing to give up?
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ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ?
04:59
We did not have an answer immediately, but we knew he was right.
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืœื›ืš, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื“ืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•.
05:03
Change is not only about embracing the new;
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืจื•ืš ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ,
05:06
it's about giving up on some of the old as well.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ื™ืฉืŸ.
05:11
Now, over the past five years,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
05:13
I have worked with companies all over the world
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ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
05:15
to change their ways of working.
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ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
05:17
And clearly, every company has their own skeptics
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ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื” ืฉืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื ืกืคืง
05:21
about why this is not going to work for them.
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืฆืœื.
05:24
"Our product is more complex,"
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"ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ",
05:26
or "They don't have the legacy IT like we do,"
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ืื•: "ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžื—ืœืงืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื ื•",
05:29
or "Regulators just won't allow this in our industry."
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ืื•: "ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ืืฉืจื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•."
05:34
But for this bank and also for the other companies
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช
05:37
that I have worked with afterwards,
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ืื™ืชืŸ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
05:38
change was possible.
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจื™.
05:41
Within a year, we completely blew up the old silos
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื”, ื”ืขืคื ื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช
05:45
between marketing, product, channels and IT.
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ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง, ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ื”ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข.
05:48
Three thousand employees were reorganized into 350 multidisciplinary teams.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœ-350 ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื™ื.
05:55
So instead of product people sitting just with product people
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ื›ืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ืžื•ืฆืจ
05:58
and engineers with engineers,
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ื•ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืขื ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื,
06:00
a product person and an engineer were now members of the same team.
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ื”ื™ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.
06:04
You could be a member of a team responsible for account opening
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ
06:08
or for the mobile banking app, etc.
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ืื• ืขืœ ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื ืงืื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื“, ื•ื›ื•'.
06:12
At the go-live date of that new organization,
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ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื”ืฉืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ-ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื”,
06:15
some people were shaking hands for the very first time,
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ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื—ืฆื• ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
06:19
only to find out that they had been sitting two minutes away from each other
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื–ื” ืžื–ื”
06:24
but they were sending each other emails and status reports for the last 10 years.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื“ื•ื—"ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื‘-10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:29
You would hear someone saying,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื•ืžืจ:
06:31
"Ah, so you're the guy that I was always chasing for answers."
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"ืื”, ืื– ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืจื“ืคืชื™ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช."
06:34
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:36
But now, they're having coffee together every day.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืงืคื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
06:40
If the product guy has an idea, he can just raise it
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ืื ืœืื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื™ืฉ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืชื•
06:43
to get input from the engineer who is sitting right next to him.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœื™ื“ื•.
06:47
They can decide to test with customers immediately --
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ --
06:51
no handovers, no PowerPoints, no red tape,
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ืœืœื ื’ื™ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ืœืœื ืคืื•ื•ืจ-ืคื•ื™ื ื˜, ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
06:54
just getting stuff done.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื‘ืฆืข.
06:58
Now, getting there is not easy.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื–ื” ืœื ืงืœ.
07:01
And as it turns out,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืชื‘ืจืจ,
07:03
"What are you willing to give up?"
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"ืขืœ ืžื” ืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ?"
07:04
is exactly the right question to ask.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืฉืื•ืœ.
07:08
Autonomous decision-making requires multidisciplinary teams.
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ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื™ื.
07:13
Instead of decisions going up and down the organization,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ,
07:16
we want the team to decide.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜.
07:18
But to do so, we need all the skills and expertise for that decision
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช
ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.
07:22
in the team.
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07:24
And this brings difficult trade-offs.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉืงืœื•ืœ ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื-ืงืœ.
07:27
Can we physically co-locate our people who are working in different buildings,
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ื”ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืงื ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
07:30
different cities or even different countries today?
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ืขืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช?
07:33
Or should we invest in better videoconferencing?
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ืื• ืฉืžื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช-ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ?
07:36
And how do we ensure consistency in the way we do things
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ื•ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
07:40
across these teams?
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ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”?
07:42
We still need some kind of management matrix.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื™ืฆื” ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืžืกื•ื’ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•.
07:46
Now, all these changes to structure and process and procedure --
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื, ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ื --
07:52
they are not easy.
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ื”ื ืœื ืงืœื™ื.
07:54
But in the end,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ,
07:56
I found that the most difficult thing to change
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:59
is our own behavior.
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ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
08:02
Let me try to illustrate.
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ืื ืกื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
08:05
If we want these teams to be fast, flexible, creative, like a mini-start-up,
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื, ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื ืง ืงื˜ื ื•ืช,
08:09
they have to be empowered and autonomous.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ืœืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื™ื.
08:13
But this means we cannot have leaders commanding their people what to do,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืขื• ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืจื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
08:17
when to do, how to do.
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ืžืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
08:19
No micromanagers.
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ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื™ืงืจื•.
08:21
But it also means that each employee needs to become a leader,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’,
08:26
regardless of their formal title.
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ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœื•.
08:28
It's about all of us stepping up to take initiative.
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืฆืขื“ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ื™ื•ื–ืžื”.
08:34
Now obviously, we also cannot afford
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืืœื™ื• ืื ื›ืš, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื•
08:37
to have all these teams running in different directions,
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืจื•ืฆื• ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื,
08:40
because that would certainly lead to chaos.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•.
08:43
So we need alignment and autonomy at the same time,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื–ื” ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืช,
08:48
just like a flock of birds.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืืฆืœ ืœื”ืงื•ืช ืฆืคื•ืจื™ื.
08:51
In an organizational setting,
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ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช,
08:53
this requires new behaviors,
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ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
08:55
and with each new behavior,
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ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”,
08:57
there is giving up on something old as well.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ืฉืŸ.
09:01
Leaders have to make sure that everyone in the organization
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ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ
09:05
is aligned around the overall purpose -- the why --
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ืžืชื•ืื ืขื ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช -- ื”ืœืžื” --
09:08
and the overall priorities -- the what.
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ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช -- ื”ืžื”.
09:11
But then they have to let go and trust their teams
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื
09:15
to make the right decisions on how to get there.
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ืฉื™ื™ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
09:19
Now, creating alignment requires open and transparent communication.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื™ืื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื’ืœื•ื™ื”.
09:24
But you know how they say that information is a source of power?
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืžืจื” ืฉืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ื—,
09:29
Well, for some managers,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื,
09:30
sharing information may feel as if they're giving up that source of power.
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ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ื•ื—.
09:36
And it's not just managers.
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ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืžื ื”ืœื™ื.
09:38
The teams need to communicate openly and transparently as well.
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ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืชื•ื— ื•ืฉืงื•ืฃ.
09:42
In these companies, the teams typically work in short sprints,
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื˜ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื,
09:46
and at the end of every sprint, they organize a demo session
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืกืคืจื™ื ื˜, ื”ื ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ืืจื•ืข ื”ื“ื’ืžื”
09:49
to share the output of what they've done, transparently.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืœื•ื™.
09:53
And every day,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
09:55
each member of the team gives an update
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ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืกืคืง ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ
09:57
of what they are working on individually.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ืฉื™ืช.
10:01
Now, all this transparency can be uncomfortable for people,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ื•ื—ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื,
10:06
because suddenly, there is no place to hide anymore.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืคืชืื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:09
Everything we do is transparent for everyone.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื ืขืฉื” ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœื›ื•ืœื.
10:14
So, alignment is not easy,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืชื™ืื•ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงืœ,
10:17
and providing autonomy is not so obvious, either.
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ื•ื’ื ื ืชื™ื ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ืžืืœื™ื”.
10:21
One executive at another company
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ืžื ื”ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจืช
10:23
likes to explain how he used to be a master of milestone-tracking.
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ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืš ื ื”ื’ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื‘ื ื™-ื“ืจืš.
10:28
Now, today, to know how things are going,
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
10:32
instead of looking at status reports,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•"ืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช,
10:34
he needs to walk down to the team floors to attend one of their sessions.
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ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจื“ืช ืœืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
10:38
And instead of telling people what to do,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืืžืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
10:40
he looks for ways to help them.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืคืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื.
10:43
That is radical change
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ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™
10:44
for someone who used to be a master of milestone-tracking.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื”ื’ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื‘ื ื™-ื“ืจืš.
10:49
But in the old world, this executive said,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ, ืืžืจ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื–ื”,
10:52
"I only had the illusion of control.
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"ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืจืง ืืฉืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
10:54
In reality, many projects would run over time and over budget, anyway.
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ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ืจื’ื• ืžื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”.
11:00
Now I have much more transparency,
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช,
11:02
and I can course-correct much earlier if needed."
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™-ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš."
11:07
And middle managers need to change as well.
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ื•ื’ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
11:10
First of all, without the handovers and the PowerPoint,
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื™ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืื•ื•ืจ-ืคื•ื™ื ื˜,
11:13
there's less of a need for middle managers.
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ื™ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื.
11:15
And in the old world, there was this idea of thinkers and doers.
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ, ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื.
11:19
Employees would just follow orders.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืžืœืื™ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
11:22
But now, instead of only managing other people,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจืง ืœื ื”ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
11:26
middle managers were expected to become player-coaches.
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ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžืืžื ื™-ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื.
11:30
So imagine, for the last 10 years,
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ืื– ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืฉื‘-10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
11:33
you have just been telling other people what to do,
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ื›ืœ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
11:36
but now you're expected to do things yourself again.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช ืžืฆืคื™ื ืžื›ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื.
11:40
Clearly, this model is not for everyone,
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ืœืœื ืกืคืง, ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“,
11:42
and some great people leave the company.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื”ื“ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
11:45
But the result is a new culture
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”
11:47
with less hierarchy.
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ืขื ืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจืืจื›ื™ื”.
11:50
And all of this is hard work.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”.
11:54
But it's worth it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื–ื”.
11:55
The companies that I worked with,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™,
11:57
they were used to deploying new product features a few times per year.
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ื ื”ื’ื• ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื”ื ืžืกืคืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”.
12:02
Now they have releases every few weeks,
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
12:05
and without the handovers and the red tape,
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ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื™ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
12:07
the whole organization becomes more efficient.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:10
And finally, if you walk the halls of these companies today,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืžืชื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื›ื™ื•ื,
12:13
you just feel a new energy.
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ืืชื ื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
12:16
It feels as if you're walking the halls of a very large start-up.
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ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื–ื ืง ืžืื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
12:21
Now, to be fair, these companies, they cannot claim victory yet.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื”, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
12:25
But at least with this new model,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื–ื”,
12:28
they are much better prepared to respond to change.
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ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
12:33
The world is getting faster and more complex,
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ืคืš ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
12:36
so we need to reboot our way of working.
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืืชื—ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
12:39
And the hardest part of that change is not in structure
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื‘ื ื”,
12:42
or process or procedure,
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ืื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืื• ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ,
12:45
and it's also not just senior executives taking charge.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืจืง ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื™ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื• ื—ืœืง.
12:49
Leaders will be all of those in the organization
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ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ
12:52
who embrace the change.
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ืฉื™ืืžืฆื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
12:54
We all have to lead the change.
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ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
12:57
So the question is:
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ืื– ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื:
13:00
What are you willing to give up?
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ?
13:03
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
13:04
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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